Phase difference-based ultrasonic wind speed and wind direction detection system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a phase-difference-based ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection system and method, and relates to the technical field of acoustic signal processing, and the method comprises the steps: measuring the phase difference of signals at a transmitting end and a receiving end of an ultrasonic sensor; judging cross-cycle phase difference abrupt change points, and counting the cross-cycle phase difference abrupt change points to obtain an actual cross-cycle number of the signal phase difference; and calculating an actual cross-period value of the signal according to the cross-period number. The method can be used in the field of ultrasonic wind speed measurement and can widen the wind speed measurement range. The device adopts an orthogonal distribution structure of the transmitting and receiving ends of the ultrasonic sensors, can collect phase difference signals of signals in different directions, remarkably simplifies the circuit structure, and reduces the cost. By capturing the cross-period phase difference abrupt change point, the measuring range limitation of a traditional phase difference type ultrasonic sensor is overcome, and the method is particularly suitable for real-time monitoring scenes of new energy parameters such as wind energy and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of acoustic signal processing technology, specifically to a phase difference-based ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional ultrasonic anemometers measure sound velocity based on the principle of sound speed measurement. This measurement can be categorized into two methods: Time-of-Flight (TOF) and Phase-Difference (PD). TOF is the most commonly used method, typically requiring a pulse excitation signal to be applied at the transmitting end of the ultrasonic sensor and the echo signal to be detected at the receiving end. However, TOF has certain limitations. First, the amplitude of the first wave in the pulse group at the receiving end of the ultrasonic sensor is affected by various factors, leading to significant errors in the voltage threshold setting, which severely impacts the accuracy of the time measurement. Second, TOF requires a high-frequency pulse excitation signal, necessitating the use of a high-frequency ultrasonic probe. This results in complex drive and measurement circuits, and environmental noise, circuit noise, and sensor parasitic capacitance can also significantly affect signal quality.

[0003] Among them, the phase difference method is an evolution of the absolute time difference method. It uses the phase difference of the signal at the receiving end to reflect the time difference. The amplitude and frequency of the driving signal are relatively low. It has the advantages of small size, low power consumption, low cost, and high time resolution (which can reach the nanosecond level). However, the phase difference method can only reflect the time difference information within one cycle. If it exceeds one cycle, it will cause the phase difference measurement result to be distorted, which limits the detection range of the parameter to be measured. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the shortcomings of existing ultrasonic anemometers such as low resolution, high power consumption, and high cost, and to meet the application requirements of solving the cross-cycle problem of signal phase difference in order to realize wide-range wind speed measurement, the purpose of this invention is to propose a phase difference-based ultrasonic anemometer wind speed and direction detection system and method based on the cross-cycle phenomenon that occurs in phase measurement in phase difference ultrasonic anemometers. This system can accurately measure the phase difference of multi-cycle signals and improve the accuracy of corresponding parameter measurement based on phase difference ultrasonic anemometers.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a phase-difference ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection system, comprising:

[0007] An ultrasonic measurement module is used to measure wind speed and direction in the current environment and outputs an electrical signal. The ultrasonic measurement module includes two pairs of transceiver ultrasonic transducers, which are two pairs of transceiver ultrasonic probes orthogonally distributed along the x-axis and y-axis directions, respectively.

[0008] The signal processing module, connected to the ultrasonic measurement module, is used to amplify the amplitude of the sinusoidal electrical signal output by the ultrasonic measurement module and convert it into a square wave signal.

[0009] The phase detection module, connected to the signal processing module, is used to convert the square wave signal into a phase difference signal;

[0010] The central processing unit, connected to the phase detection module, is used to generate a frequency signal to drive the ultrasonic transducer, and also to extract the phase difference transmitted by the phase detection module, identify the abrupt change points of the phase difference (i.e., cross-cycle time points), count the abrupt change points, and determine the wind speed measurement value based on the number of abrupt change points of the phase difference (i.e., the number of cross-cycles N) and the corresponding measured phase difference.

[0011] The ultrasonic drive module connects the central processing unit and the ultrasonic measurement module. It amplifies the frequency signal sent by the central processing unit and provides it to the ultrasonic transducer in the ultrasonic measurement module.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention, the electrical signal output by the ultrasonic measurement module is a sine wave signal.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention, when the ultrasonic measurement module measures the wind speed and direction in the current environment, the wind speed vector v is decomposed into the x-axis direction component v. x and the y-axis component v y Wind speed component v x v y The final measured wind speed value v is expressed as:

[0014]

[0015] Where, Δt 13 Let Δt be the time of flight with the wind in the x-axis direction. 31 Let Δt be the time it takes to fly against the wind in the x-axis direction. 24 Δt represents the time of flight with the wind in the y-axis direction. 42 y is the time for the probe to fly against the wind in the y-axis direction, and L is the distance between the opposing probes in the x-axis and y-axis directions.

[0016] As a further aspect of the present invention, based on the relationship between the flight time Δt between the transmitting and receiving probes and the full phase difference Φ: Φ=2πfΔt, the relationship between the wind speed component and the final measured wind speed value and the phase difference is as follows:

[0017]

[0018] Where, Φ 13 Φ 31 The x-axis represents the tailwind phase difference and headwind phase difference, Φ 24 Φ 42 The y-axis represents the phase difference with the wind and the phase difference against the wind.

[0019] As a further aspect of the present invention, based on the wind speed component v x v y The wind direction angle α is obtained:

[0020]

[0021] As a further aspect of the present invention, when the wind speed increases to a set value, the phase difference between the ultrasonic transceiver signals increases to more than 2π, and a cross-cycle phenomenon occurs in the phase difference. The total phase difference value Φ, the number of cross-cycles N, and the phase difference measurement value are then considered. The relationship is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] in, The phase difference value is directly measured by the ultrasonic transceiver probe; when the phase difference spans multiple cycles, the relationship between the wind speed component and the final measured wind speed value, the number of cycles spanned, and the measured phase difference value is expressed as follows:

[0024]

[0025] As a further aspect of the present invention, the relationship between the wind direction angle α and the number of phase difference cycles and the phase difference measurement is expressed as follows:

[0026]

[0027] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for detecting wind speed and direction based on phase difference ultrasonic waves, comprising the following steps:

[0028] By using two pairs of ultrasonic transducers orthogonally distributed along the x-axis and y-axis, ultrasonic signals are emitted and received respectively, and dual-channel sinusoidal electrical signals are obtained.

[0029] The sinusoidal electrical signal is amplified and converted into a square wave signal, and a phase difference signal is generated through phase detection.

[0030] Real-time monitoring of phase difference signal The trend of change is analyzed, and cross-cycle mutation points are determined based on a preset threshold. The number of cycles spanned is recorded.

[0031] Positive abrupt change: when the phase difference When the value drops from more than 2π×90% to less than 2π×10%, a positive cross-cycle is determined to have occurred, and the cross-cycle number N increases by 1.

[0032] Negative abrupt change: when the phase difference When the percentage increases from below 2π×10% to above 2π×90%, a negative cycle transition is determined, and the number of cycle transitions N decreases by 1.

[0033] As a further aspect of the present invention, the phase difference-based ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection method measures the phase difference between the transceiver ends of the ultrasonic transducer using a phase detector and transmits the phase difference measurement value to the central processing unit. The central processing unit captures the phase difference value between the transceiver ends of the ultrasonic transducer in real time, identifies abrupt changes in the phase difference, and records the number of cycles.

[0034] As a further aspect of the present invention, the ultrasonic driving module uses a low-frequency pulse signal to drive the transducer, and the ultrasonic transducer driving frequency f is 40kHz.

[0035] Compared with existing technologies, the phase difference-based ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection system and method proposed in this invention have the following advantages:

[0036] To address the issue of cross-cycle phase measurement distortion in phase difference ultrasonic anemometer systems, this invention solves the multi-cycle phase difference measurement problem and effectively expands the measurement range of phase difference ultrasonic anemometers. By monitoring the abrupt change points of the phase difference in real time and dynamically updating the number of cross-cycles, the phase measurement range is extended from a single cycle to multiple cycles. This overcomes the limitation of traditional phase difference methods being only applicable to low wind speeds. The abrupt change point identification mechanism ensures accurate counting of the number of cross-cycles and avoids phase jump errors caused by cross-cycles. Meanwhile, the system structure of this invention is simple and its application is flexible. It adopts two pairs of orthogonally distributed transceiver ultrasonic transducers to simultaneously acquire bidirectional signals, reducing the number of probes and the complexity of the drive circuit. The phase difference method has low requirements for the amplitude and frequency of the drive signal, is compatible with conventional low-cost ultrasonic probes, and is suitable for battery-powered field monitoring equipment. Moreover, the phase difference method can achieve a time resolution of nanoseconds. After cross-cycle correction, the accuracy of the full phase value is significantly higher than that of the traditional absolute time difference method. The abrupt change threshold judgment mechanism can filter phase jitter caused by noise and avoid false triggering of cross-cycle counting. The orthogonal dual-channel data mutually verify each other and reduce the influence of environmental noise, circuit parasitic capacitance and other factors. It can meet the requirements of accuracy and wide range of measurement results in phase difference ultrasonic wind speed measurement.

[0037] These or other aspects of this application will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments. It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit the application. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the exemplary embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a phase difference-based ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of an orthogonal ultrasonic wind speed measurement system based on a phase difference ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the phase difference signal cross-cycle determination in a phase difference-based ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present application will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0044] It should be noted that all uses of "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are for the purpose of distinguishing two different entities or different parameters with the same name. Therefore, "first" and "second" are merely for convenience of expression and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such as other steps or units inherent in a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units.

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] The flowchart shown in the attached diagram is for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor does it necessarily have to be performed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps can be broken down, combined, or partially merged, so the actual execution order may change depending on the actual situation.

[0047] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0048] To address the shortcomings of existing ultrasonic anemometers, such as low resolution, high power consumption, and high cost, and to meet the application requirements of solving the cross-cycle phase difference problem in signal phase differences for wide-range wind speed measurement, this invention proposes a phase difference-based ultrasonic anemometer and method. Focusing on the identification of cross-cycle phase difference abrupt changes in multi-cycle signal phase differences, this invention aims to broaden the wind speed detection range, improve system stability and applicability, and achieve accurate measurement of multi-cycle signal phase differences, thereby enhancing the accuracy of phase difference-based ultrasonic parameter measurement.

[0049] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a phase-difference ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection system, including an ultrasonic measurement module 2, a signal processing module 3, a phase detection module 4, a central processing unit 5, and an ultrasonic drive module 1. The ultrasonic measurement module 2 is used to measure the wind speed and direction in the current environment and outputs an electrical signal. The ultrasonic measurement module 2 includes two pairs of transceiver ultrasonic transducers, which are two pairs of transceiver ultrasonic probes orthogonally distributed along the x-axis and y-axis directions, respectively. The signal processing module 3 is connected to the ultrasonic measurement module 2 and is used to amplify the amplitude of the sinusoidal electrical signal output by the ultrasonic measurement module 2 and convert it into a signal. The square wave signal; the phase detection module 4 is connected to the signal processing module 3 and is used to convert the square wave signal into a phase difference signal; the central processing unit 5 is connected to the phase detection module 4 and is used to generate a frequency signal to drive the ultrasonic transducer, and also to extract the phase difference transmitted by the phase detection module 4, identify the abrupt change points of the phase difference (i.e., cross-cycle time points), count the abrupt change points, and determine the wind speed measurement value based on the number of abrupt change points of the phase difference (i.e., the number of cross-cycles N) and the corresponding measured phase difference; the ultrasonic drive module 1 is connected to the central processing unit 5 and the ultrasonic measurement module 2 and is used to amplify the frequency signal sent by the central processing unit 5 and provide it to the ultrasonic transducer in the ultrasonic measurement module.

[0050] In this embodiment, the electrical signal output by the ultrasonic measurement module 2 is a sine wave signal. Specifically, when the ultrasonic measurement module 2 measures the wind speed and direction in the current environment, the wind speed vector v is decomposed into the x-axis component v. xand the y-axis component v y Wind speed component v x v y The final measured wind speed value v is expressed as:

[0051]

[0052] Where, Δt 13 Let Δt be the time of flight with the wind in the x-axis direction. 31 Let Δt be the time it takes to fly against the wind in the x-axis direction. 24 Δt represents the time of flight with the wind in the y-axis direction. 42 y is the time for the probe to fly against the wind in the y-axis direction, and L is the distance between the opposing probes in the x-axis and y-axis directions.

[0053] In this embodiment, based on the relationship between the flight time Δt between the transmitting and receiving probes and the full phase difference Φ: Φ=2πfΔt, the relationship between the wind speed component and the final measured wind speed value and the phase difference is as follows:

[0054]

[0055] Where, Φ 13 Φ 31 The x-axis represents the tailwind phase difference and headwind phase difference, Φ 24 Φ 42 The y-axis represents the phase difference with the wind and the phase difference against the wind.

[0056] According to the wind speed component v x v y The wind direction angle α is obtained:

[0057]

[0058] When the wind speed increases to a set value, the phase difference between the ultrasonic transceiver signals increases to more than 2π, and a phase difference cross-cycle phenomenon occurs. The total phase difference value Φ, the number of cross-cycles N, and the measured phase difference value are related to this. The relationship is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] In the formula, The phase difference value is directly measured by the ultrasonic transceiver probe; when the phase difference spans multiple cycles, the relationship between the wind speed component and the final measured wind speed value, the number of cycles spanned, and the measured phase difference value is expressed as follows:

[0061]

[0062] In this embodiment, the relationship between the wind direction angle α, the number of phase difference cycles, and the phase difference measurement is expressed as follows:

[0063]

[0064] See Figures 1 to 3 As shown, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for detecting wind speed and direction based on phase difference ultrasonic waves, the method comprising the following steps:

[0065] By using two pairs of ultrasonic transducers orthogonally distributed along the x-axis and y-axis, ultrasonic signals are emitted and received respectively, and dual-channel sinusoidal electrical signals are obtained.

[0066] The sinusoidal electrical signal is amplified and converted into a square wave signal, and a phase difference signal is generated through phase detection.

[0067] Real-time monitoring of phase difference signal The trend of change is analyzed, and cross-cycle mutation points are determined based on a preset threshold. The number of cycles spanned is recorded.

[0068] Positive abrupt change: when the phase difference When the value drops from more than 2π×90% to less than 2π×10%, a positive cross-cycle is determined to have occurred, and the cross-cycle number N increases by 1.

[0069] Negative abrupt change: when the phase difference When the percentage increases from below 2π×10% to above 2π×90%, a negative cycle transition is determined, and the number of cycle transitions N decreases by 1.

[0070] The phase difference-based ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection method measures the phase difference between the transceiver ends of the ultrasonic transducer using a phase detector and transmits the phase difference measurement value to the central processing unit 5. The central processing unit 5 captures the phase difference value between the transceiver ends of the ultrasonic transducer in real time, identifies the abrupt change points of the phase difference, and records the number of cycles.

[0071] In this embodiment, the ultrasonic driving module 1 uses a low-frequency pulse signal to drive the transducer, and the ultrasonic transducer driving frequency f is 40kHz.

[0072] The phase difference signal cross-cycle determination process is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the central processing unit 5 judges the phase difference value of the two channels and identifies the abrupt change point of the phase difference. The abrupt change point of the phase difference is the cross-cycle time point. Cross-cycle abrupt changes are divided into positive cross-cycle abrupt changes and negative cross-cycle abrupt changes. When the wind speed increases, the phase difference between the ultrasonic transceiver probes increases accordingly. When the phase difference changes from a maximum value to a minimum value, it is called a positive cross-cycle abrupt change. Conversely, when the wind speed decreases, when the phase difference between the ultrasonic transceiver probes changes from a maximum value to a minimum value, it is called a negative cross-cycle abrupt change. The number of phase difference cycles N is calculated based on the judgment result of the phase difference abrupt change point.

[0073] The positive cross-cycle process is accompanied by phase difference measurements. As the phase difference measurement value continuously increases, When the phase difference exceeds 90% of the full-scale phase difference of 2π, abrupt changes in the phase difference are highly likely to occur, necessitating real-time monitoring of the phase difference value. When the phase difference measurement value... If the value drops from above 90% × 2π to below 10% × 2π, it is determined that a positive cross-cycle phenomenon has occurred, and the number of cross-cycle phase differences N increases by 1.

[0074] The negative cross-cycle process is accompanied by phase difference measurements. As the phase difference measurement value continuously decreases, When the phase difference is less than 10% of the full-scale phase difference of 2π, real-time monitoring of the phase difference value begins. If the value increases from below 10%×2π to above 90%×2π, it is determined that a negative cross-cycle phenomenon has occurred, and the number of cross-cycle phase difference N is reduced by 1.

[0075] The above analysis allows for the accurate calculation of the number of cycles N spanned by the phase difference of the signal under test and the full-phase measurement value Φ. All data processing for the number of cycles and the final results of wind speed and direction is completed in the central processing unit 5.

[0076] As the above analysis shows, to accurately calculate the number of complete cycles, it is necessary to judge the changing trend of the phase difference measurement value, and then count the number of cycles spanned. Using this method, the accurate number of cycles spanned can be obtained. The phase difference cycle spanned and the measured value are finally converted into the value of the parameter to be measured. The cross-cycle phase difference abrupt change point identification method provided by this invention can accurately measure the number of cycles spanned by the phase difference of ultrasonic signals through algorithms, effectively improving the measurement accuracy of phase difference, widening the range of the parameter to be measured, and has the advantages of high feasibility, high accuracy, and adaptability to specific environments.

[0077] The above are exemplary embodiments disclosed in this invention. However, it should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this invention as defined by the claims. The functions, steps, and / or actions of the methods according to the disclosed embodiments described herein do not need to be performed in any particular order. Furthermore, although the elements disclosed in the embodiments of this invention may be described or claimed individually, they may be understood as multiple unless explicitly limited to a singular number.

[0078] It should be understood that, as used herein, the singular form "a" is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly supports an exception. It should also be understood that, as used herein, "and / or" refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associatedly listed items. The embodiment numbers disclosed above are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0079] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Within the framework of the invention, technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can be combined, and many other variations of different aspects of the invention exist, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A phase-difference ultrasonic anemometer system for detecting wind speed and direction, characterized in that, The system includes: An ultrasonic measurement module is used to measure wind speed and direction in the current environment and outputs an electrical signal. The ultrasonic measurement module includes two pairs of transceiver ultrasonic transducers, which are two pairs of transceiver ultrasonic probes orthogonally distributed along the x-axis and y-axis directions, respectively. The signal processing module, connected to the ultrasonic measurement module, is used to amplify the amplitude of the sinusoidal electrical signal output by the ultrasonic measurement module and convert it into a square wave signal. The phase detection module, connected to the signal processing module, is used to convert the square wave signal into a phase difference signal; The central processing unit, connected to the phase detection module, is used to generate a frequency signal to drive the ultrasonic transducer, and also to extract the phase difference transmitted by the phase detection module, identify the abrupt change points of the phase difference, count the abrupt change points, and determine the wind speed measurement value based on the number of abrupt change points of the phase difference and the corresponding measured phase difference. The ultrasonic drive module connects the central processing unit and the ultrasonic measurement module. It amplifies the frequency signal sent by the central processing unit and provides it to the ultrasonic transducer in the ultrasonic measurement module.

2. The phase difference-based ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical signal output by the ultrasonic measurement module is a sine wave signal.

3. The phase difference-based ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When the ultrasonic measurement module measures the wind speed and direction in the current environment, the wind speed vector v is decomposed into the x-axis component v. x and the y-axis component v y Wind speed component v x v y The final measured wind speed value v is expressed as: Where, Δt 13 Let Δt be the time of flight with the wind in the x-axis direction. 31 Let Δt be the time it takes to fly against the wind in the x-axis direction. 24 Δt represents the time of flight with the wind in the y-axis direction. 42 y is the time for the probe to fly against the wind in the y-axis direction, and L is the distance between the opposing probes in the x-axis and y-axis directions.

4. The phase difference-based ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the relationship between the flight time Δt between the transmitting and receiving probes and the full phase difference Φ: Φ=2πfΔt, the relationship between the wind speed component and the final measured wind speed value and the phase difference is: Where, Φ 13 Φ 31 The x-axis represents the tailwind phase difference and headwind phase difference, Φ 24 Φ 42 The y-axis represents the phase difference with the wind and the phase difference against the wind.

5. The phase difference-based ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, According to the wind speed component v x v y The wind direction angle α is obtained:

6. The phase difference-based ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, When the wind speed increases to the set value, the phase difference between the ultrasonic transceiver signals increases to more than 2π, and a phase difference cross-cycle phenomenon occurs. This is related to the total phase difference value Φ, the number of cross-cycles N, and the measured phase difference value. The relationship is as follows: in, The phase difference value is directly measured by the ultrasonic transceiver probe; when the phase difference spans multiple cycles, the relationship between the wind speed component and the final measured wind speed value, the number of cycles spanned, and the measured phase difference value is expressed as follows:

7. The phase difference-based ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The relationship between the wind direction angle α, the number of phase difference cycles, and the phase difference measurement is expressed as follows:

8. A method for detecting wind speed and direction based on phase difference ultrasonic waves, characterized in that, The method of performing the phase difference-based ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection system according to any one of claims 1-7 includes the following steps: By using two pairs of ultrasonic transducers orthogonally distributed along the x-axis and y-axis, ultrasonic signals are emitted and received respectively, and dual-channel sinusoidal electrical signals are obtained. The sinusoidal electrical signal is amplified and converted into a square wave signal, and a phase difference signal is generated through phase detection. Real-time monitoring of phase difference signal The trend of change is analyzed, and cross-cycle mutation points are determined based on a preset threshold. The number of cycles spanned is recorded. Positive abrupt change: when the phase difference When the value drops from more than 2π×90% to less than 2π×10%, a positive cross-cycle is determined to have occurred, and the cross-cycle number N increases by 1. Negative abrupt change: when the phase difference When the percentage increases from below 2π×10% to above 2π×90%, a negative cycle transition is determined, and the number of cycle transitions N decreases by 1.

9. The phase difference-based ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, This phase difference-based ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection method measures the phase difference between the transceiver ends of the ultrasonic transducer using a phase detector and transmits the phase difference measurement value to the central processing unit. The central processing unit captures the phase difference value between the transceiver ends of the ultrasonic transducer in real time, identifies abrupt changes in the phase difference, and records the number of cycles.

10. The phase difference-based ultrasonic wind speed and direction detection method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The ultrasonic driving module uses a low-frequency pulse signal to drive the transducer, and the ultrasonic transducer driving frequency f is 40kHz.

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