High-integration optical module capable of dynamically switching functions and optical communication equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication, and discloses a high-integration optical module capable of dynamically switching functions and optical communication equipment, and the optical module comprises a wavelength division multiplexing device and a circulator; the position of the circulator in a ceramic tube shell packaged by a packaging body is determined in a free space coupling mode, the wavelength division multiplexing device is mounted on the same horizontal line of the distributed feedback laser, and a preset position on a reflecting surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device is changed into a transmission surface to obtain a first reflecting surface and a second reflecting surface; the wavelength division multiplexing device is used for carrying out wave combination or wave division on the laser; the circulator is used for isolating emergent laser and incident laser with the same wavelength; according to the invention, the technical problems that in the prior art, the integrated overall connection loss and size of the OSC and the OTDR are relatively large, and the difficulty of making small individual devices is large are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical communication technology, and in particular to a highly integrated optical module and optical communication device with dynamically switchable functions. Background Technology

[0002] An OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) is a precision optoelectronic instrument that utilizes the reflected light generated by Rayleigh backscattering and Fresnel reflection as light propagates through optical fibers. Integrating an OTDR into an OTN system can balance cost and the need for accurate fault location. Embedded OTDRs enable rapid fault detection and precise location without the need for external instruments, significantly improving network maintenance efficiency. They also provide early warning functions for line system performance, promptly identifying potential network faults and preventing their occurrence.

[0003] In existing technologies, OTDRs are typically used in conjunction with OSCs (Optical Supervisory Channels), and there are generally two methods to integrate OSC and OTDR modules: Method 1: A method of separating the optical components of the OTDR and OSC modules and connecting them via optical fiber for WDM multiplexing. The optical components of an OTDR include a TOSA, a ROSA, and a circulator. The optical components of an OSC module include an OSC, a TOSA (Transmitting Optical Sub-Assembly), and a ROSA (Receiving Optical Sub-Assembly). Therefore, integrating the OSC and OTDR requires multiple WDMs connected via optical fiber. The circuitry of the OTDR and OSC is also controlled separately, resulting in relatively large overall connection loss (multiple WDMs and devices connected by optical fibers) and size. It is very difficult to miniaturize each individual device.

[0004] Method 2: The OSC and OTDR modules share the same wavelength (share a single laser). By using time-division multiplexing, the OSC and OTDR modules can function as one. However, using time-division multiplexing for transmission requires high signal processing capabilities. Furthermore, the OTDR needs to buffer the OSC data during operation, which also requires high system processing capabilities and may lead to the reception of incorrect signals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a highly integrated optical module and an optical communication device with dynamically switchable functions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A highly integrated optical module with dynamically switchable functions includes: a wavelength division multiplexing device and a circulator; the position of the circulator in the ceramic tube shell of the package is determined by free space coupling; the wavelength division multiplexing device is mounted on the same horizontal line as the distributed feedback laser; and a preset position on the reflective surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device is changed into a transmission surface to obtain a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface. The wavelength division multiplexing device is used to combine or demultiplex laser beams; The circulator is used to isolate the emitted laser and the incident laser of the same wavelength.

[0007] In one embodiment, the highly integrated, dynamically switchable optical module further includes: a reflector, an isolator, a filter, a distributed feedback laser, a photodetector, a flexible board, and a first connector; the position of the reflector in the ceramic housing encapsulated by the package is determined by free-space coupling; the distributed feedback laser and the photodetector are mounted on the ceramic housing encapsulated by the package; the isolator is mounted in front of the distributed feedback laser; the filter includes a first filter, a second filter, a third filter, and a fourth filter; the first filter, the second filter, the third filter, and the fourth filter are concentrated on a wavelength division multiplexing device; and the flexible board is soldered onto a printed circuit board. The filter is used to transmit the laser emitted by the distributed feedback laser, wherein the laser includes signal light and pulse light, and each filter corresponds to a different transmission wavelength; The isolator is used to receive the laser light reflected from the wavelength division multiplexing device and propagate it to the circulator; The first connector is used to emit external laser light into the circulator, or to emit the laser light emitted from the circulator into an optical fiber; The reflector is used to reflect the laser beam propagated from the circulator and then propagate it to the wavelength division multiplexing device.

[0008] In one embodiment, the photodetector is a first detector or a second detector, wherein the first detector is used to receive pulsed light returned by the optical time-domain reflectometer, and the second detector is used to receive signal light emitted by the optical monitoring channel.

[0009] In one embodiment, the distributed feedback laser includes a first distributed feedback laser and a second distributed feedback laser, wherein the first distributed feedback laser outputs optical time-domain reflectometer pulse light, and the second distributed feedback laser outputs optical monitoring channel signal light.

[0010] In one embodiment, a second connector is added, and the second reflective surface is changed to a transmissive surface.

[0011] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment of the invention also provides an optical communication device, which includes a control switch and a highly integrated optical module with dynamically switchable functions. The control switch is used to control the optical module to start the optical time domain reflectometer or to start the optical monitoring channel.

[0012] In one embodiment, the optical module initiates the operation of the optical time-domain reflectometer, including: The pulsed light from the first distributed feedback laser passes through the first filter and is transmitted into the wavelength division multiplexing device. The pulsed light passes through the transmission surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device and exits into the isolator; The pulsed light passes through the isolator and then through the circulator before being emitted into the first connector; The pulsed light is emitted into the optical fiber through the first connector.

[0013] In one embodiment, the optical module's function to activate the optical time-domain reflectometer further includes: External signal light enters the circulator through the first connector; The signal light is emitted to the reflector through the circulator; The light is emitted through the reflector and wavelength division multiplexing device to the third filter; The signal light is transmitted to the first detector through the third filter.

[0014] In one embodiment, the optical module initiates the operation of the optical monitoring channel, including: The signal light from the second distributed feedback laser passes through the second filter and is transmitted into the wavelength division multiplexing device. The signal light is reflected by the first reflecting surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device to the first filter. The signal light is reflected to the isolator by the first filter; The signal light passes through the isolator and then through the circulator before being emitted into the first connector; The signal light is emitted into the optical fiber through the first connector.

[0015] In one embodiment, the optical module activating the optical monitoring channel further includes: External signal light enters the circulator through the first connector; The signal light is emitted to the reflector through the circulator; The signal light is reflected by the mirror and passes through the transmission surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device to the third filter. The third filter reflects the signal light to the second reflective surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device; The signal light is reflected to the fourth filter through the second reflecting surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device; The signal light is transmitted to the second detector through the fourth filter. Alternatively, external signal light is transmitted from the transmission surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device to the fourth filter via the second connector, and then transmitted to the second detector through the fourth filter.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: Through this invention, on the one hand, by using chip mounting, glue mounting Z-block and free space coupling, numerous devices are integrated into a single package, miniaturizing and integrating the module to the extreme, meeting the system usage requirements, and solving the technical problems of the integrated overall connection loss (fiber connection of multiple WDM and devices) and relatively large size of OSC and OTDR in the prior art, and the difficulty of making each individual device smaller. On the other hand, the OTDR or OSC module can be selected arbitrarily by controlling the switch without mutual interference. This solves the technical problem of complex transmission and reception combinations caused by the separate modules when using OTDR and OSC modules in the prior art. It also solves the technical problem that time-division multiplexing is required for OTDR and OSC modules with the same wavelength, but the timing algorithm is highly demanding and it is easy to receive incorrect t1 or t3 signals during time-division multiplexing. At the same time, it also solves the technical problem of incompatibility caused by systems that originally used OSC and OTDR modules with different wavelengths.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the optical module of the present invention; Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram of wavelength division multiplexing devices in the prior art; Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram of a wavelength division multiplexing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2c This is a schematic diagram of a wavelength division multiplexing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path in the circulator of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the wavelength combination process for OTDR and OSC in the existing technology; Figure 5a This is a schematic diagram of the OSC and OTDR time-division multiplexing module structure in the technology; Figure 5b This is a schematic diagram of the time-division multiplexing signal transmission mode of OSC and OTDR in the technology; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated structure of the OTDR and OSC modules of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the control circuit of the present invention; Figure 8a This is a schematic diagram of the optical path when the single-fiber bidirectional optical module of the present invention starts the OTDR function; Figure 8b This is a schematic diagram of the optical path when the single-fiber bidirectional optical module of the present invention starts the OSC function; Figure 9a This is a schematic diagram of the optical path when the dual-fiber bidirectional optical module of the present invention starts the OTDR function; Figure 9b This is a schematic diagram of the optical path when the dual-fiber bidirectional optical module of the present invention starts the OSC function. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention discloses a highly integrated optical module with dynamically switchable functions, comprising: a wavelength division multiplexing device and a circulator; the position of the circulator in the ceramic tube shell of the package is determined by free space coupling, the wavelength division multiplexing device is mounted on the same horizontal line as the distributed feedback laser, and a preset position on the reflective surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device is changed to a transmission surface, resulting in a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface; The wavelength division multiplexing device is used to combine or demultiplex laser beams; The circulator is used to isolate the emitted laser and the incident laser of the same wavelength.

[0022] Optionally, in one embodiment, the highly integrated, dynamically switchable optical module further includes: a reflector, an isolator, a filter, a distributed feedback laser, a photodetector, a flexible board, and a first connector; the position of the reflector in the ceramic housing encapsulated by the package is determined by free-space coupling; the distributed feedback laser and the photodetector are mounted on the ceramic housing encapsulated by the package; the isolator is mounted in front of the distributed feedback laser; the filter includes a first filter, a second filter, a third filter, and a fourth filter; the first filter, the second filter, the third filter, and the fourth filter are concentrated on a wavelength division multiplexing device; and the flexible board is soldered onto a printed circuit board. The filter is used to transmit the laser emitted by the distributed feedback laser, wherein the laser includes signal light and pulse light, and each filter corresponds to a different transmission wavelength; The isolator is used to receive the laser light reflected from the wavelength division multiplexing device and propagate it to the circulator; The first connector is used to emit external laser light into the circulator, or to emit the laser light emitted from the circulator into an optical fiber; The reflector is used to reflect the laser beam propagated from the circulator and then propagate it to the wavelength division multiplexing device.

[0023] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the optical module of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, to integrate the OSC (Optical Supervisory Channel) and OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer), the laser emitter and detector corresponding to the OTDR and OSC are first integrated into one unit. This uses a block, which is typically a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) device used in high-speed optical modules in data centers. It is usually used for multiplexing and demultiplexing within a TOSA or ROSA package. In this embodiment, the package is a box-shaped package.

[0024] Reference Figure 2a , Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) devices in the prior art. Figure 2a As shown, existing wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) devices can only transmit one wavelength and receive four wavelengths, or transmit four wavelengths and receive one wavelength. That is, the laser transmitter sends lasers with wavelengths of wavelength 1, wavelength 2, wavelength 3 and wavelength 4, which are reflected by the reflective surface inside the WDM device and then combined and emitted; or external signal light enters the WDM device and is reflected by the reflective surface inside the WDM device and then emitted in multiple wavelengths.

[0025] Reference Figure 2b , Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram of a wavelength division multiplexing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2b As shown, the middle part of the reflective surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device is transformed into a transmission surface, which splits the original reflective surface into two, namely, the first reflective surface (reflective surface 1) and the second reflective surface (reflective surface 2). After the laser transmitter sends lasers with wavelengths of wavelength 1 and wavelength 2, the lasers with wavelengths of wavelength 1 and wavelength 2 are reflected by the first reflective surface (reflective surface 1) and then combined to emit combined wavelength 1; or after the external signal light enters the wavelength division multiplexing device, it is reflected by the first reflective surface (reflective surface 2) inside the wavelength division multiplexing device and then divided into wavelengths of wavelength 1 and wavelength 2, thus realizing the dual-transmit and dual-receive function in the optical path.

[0026] In addition, to improve OTDR performance, a circulator core needs to be added to reduce light loss and achieve bidirectional functionality on a single fiber. The circulator is one of the more important components in an OTDR module; it isolates the outgoing and incoming optical paths of the same wavelength, maximizing the reception of pulsed light reflected back from the OTDR module, thereby increasing the intensity of the pulsed light received by the first detector and extending the OTDR detection range. This embodiment employs a circulator core for effective integration. (Refer to...) Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path in the circulator of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the optical path can only emit light from 1 to 2 and from 2 to 3, realizing the bidirectional (direction from fiber 1 to fiber 2 and direction from fiber 2 to fiber 3) function of a single fiber (fiber 2).

[0027] Reference Figure 2c , Figure 2c This is a schematic diagram of a wavelength division multiplexing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2c As shown, by adding a second connector, the reflective surface 2 of the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) device is transformed into a transmissive surface, relative to the single-fiber bidirectional WDM device, thus realizing the dual-fiber bidirectional function of the OSC. Specifically, refer to... Figure 9b , Figure 9b This is a schematic diagram of the optical path when the dual-fiber bidirectional optical module of the present invention activates the OSC function. Figure 9b As shown, when the optical module starts working on the optical monitoring channel, in the dual-fiber bidirectional optical module, after the second distributed feedback laser (laser 2) emits signal light, the signal light from the second distributed feedback laser passes through the second filter (TFF2) and is transmitted into the wavelength division multiplexing device. The first reflecting surface (reflecting surface 1) corresponding to the second filter reflects the signal light back to the first filter (TFF1), and the first filter (TFF1) then reflects the signal light to the isolator. The isolator propagates the signal light to the circulator, and the signal light exits through the circulator into the first connector. Finally, the signal light exits from the first connector into the optical fiber; continuing to refer to... Figure 9b After passing through the second connector, the external signal light enters the wavelength division multiplexing device from the transmission surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device, and then reaches the fourth filter (TFF4). The fourth filter (TFF4) transmits the signal light to the second detector (detector 2).

[0028] Furthermore, continue to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A TFF (transmission filter) is a filter that selectively transmits specific wavelengths while reflecting others through a coating. An isolator is a passive optical device that allows light to propagate along only one direction, effectively preventing reflected light from affecting semiconductor lasers. A flexible PCB is used for soldering connections to a PCB. The distributed feedback laser includes a first distributed feedback laser (laser 1) and a second distributed feedback laser (laser 2). The first distributed feedback laser outputs OTDR pulsed light with a wavelength of 1501nm, and the second distributed feedback laser outputs OSC signal light with a wavelength of 1510nm.

[0029] The photodetector is either a first detector (detector 1) or a second detector (detector 2). In this embodiment, the first detector is an APD detector (photoavalanche diode), and the second detector is a PD detector (photoelectric detector). The first detector is used to receive the pulse light returned by the OTDR with a wavelength of 1501nm, and the second detector is used to receive the signal light emitted by the OSC with a wavelength of 1490nm.

[0030] Each filter corresponds to a different transmission wavelength. For example, the first filter (TFF1) transmits a wavelength of 1501nm and reflects other wavelengths; the second filter (TFF2) transmits a wavelength of 1510nm and reflects other wavelengths; the third filter (TFF3) transmits a wavelength of 1501nm and reflects other wavelengths; and the fourth filter (TFF4) transmits a wavelength of 1490nm and reflects other wavelengths.

[0031] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the existing OTDR and OSC wavelength combination process. (Example:) Figure 4 As shown, in the prior art, OTDR optical devices include TOSA, ROSA, and circulators. OSC and OTDR integration requires multiple WDMs connected via optical fibers. Figure 4 As can be seen, the overall connection loss (fiber connections between multiple WDMs and devices) and size are relatively large, making it very difficult to miniaturize each individual device.

[0032] Reference Figure 5a , Figure 5aThis is a schematic diagram of the time-division multiplexing module structure of OTDR and OSC in the technology. (Example) Figure 5a As shown, the OSC module and OTDR module are typically integrated using time-division multiplexing. (See reference...) Figure 5b , Figure 5b This is a schematic diagram of the time-division multiplexing signal transmission modes of OTDR and OSC in the technology. (Example) Figure 5b As shown, when the OSC module and OTDR module are integrated using time-division multiplexing, the t1~t3 signals are mixed together when transmitted in time-division multiplexing mode. If the system has low signal processing capability, it may lead to the reception of incorrect t1 or t3 signals.

[0033] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated structure of the OTDR and OSC modules of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment integrates the OSC and OTDR modules, and uses WDM devices to combine the wavelengths of the OTDR and OSC.

[0034] This embodiment utilizes chip mounting, adhesive mounting Z-block, and free space coupling to integrate numerous devices into a single package, miniaturizing and integrating the module to meet system requirements. It solves the technical problems of high overall connection loss (fiber optic connections between multiple WDMs and devices) and relatively large size of existing OSC and OTDR, as well as the difficulty in miniaturizing individual devices.

[0035] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment of the invention also provides an optical communication device, which includes a control switch and a highly integrated optical module with dynamically switchable functions. The control switch is used to control the optical module to start the optical time domain reflectometer or to start the optical monitoring channel.

[0036] In this embodiment, the operation of the optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) or the optical monitoring channel (OSC) can be controlled by a control switch, without the need for related software algorithms. This allows for arbitrary switching between the optical monitoring channel and the optical time domain reflectometer.

[0037] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the control circuit of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, the OSC section is responsible for related OSC functions through a dedicated OSC control chip. The OSC Driver controls the light signal emission of the laser 2, the OSC Receiver is responsible for the signal processing of the detector 2, and the MCU (Microcontroller Unit) is responsible for the temperature control of the module and the control of related chips.

[0038] Because OTDRs require pulsed light, they employ a dedicated OTDR pulsed light driver chip, which includes an FPGA to control the relevant pulse signals and test modes. The Boost converter is a boost voltage chip because the OTDR signal is relatively weak, requiring a high-sensitivity APD detector for reception. However, its driving voltage is as high as tens of volts, which conventional voltage conversion chips cannot meet. The signal received by the detector needs to be extracted by a high-performance operational amplifier and ADC (analog-to-digital converter) before being processed and output by the FPGA. The electrical switch chip is an analog switch that can be arbitrarily switched between OSC and OTDR modes to confirm its operating status. The Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a programmable logic device based on a semi-custom architecture. Its technology is positioned between general-purpose computing chips and application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), enabling flexible scenario adaptation through user-defined hardware functions.

[0039] The startup process for controlling an Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) is as follows: External control signals command the FPGA to activate the OTDR via a control switch. The OTDR Driver operates until the pulsed light entering the optical fiber generates Rayleigh-scattered pulsed light. The reflected pulsed light passes through a circulator and is received by the APD, converted into an electrical signal, and then amplified by an operational amplifier chip (which simultaneously suppresses noise and improves the signal-to-noise ratio). The signal then passes through an ADC, which samples and converts the amplified electrical signal in real time. Finally, the FPGA performs accumulation and averaging of the ADC-sampled data and reports the results. Simultaneously, the FPGA also controls the OTDR's operating mode. Furthermore, the MCU in the circuit controls the module's temperature, maintains communication with the FPGA, and is responsible for firmware upgrades. External communication with the MCU follows the IC2 communication protocol, while communication between the FPGA and the MCU follows the SPI communication protocol.

[0040] The startup process for the Optical Surveillance Channel (OSC) is as follows: External control signals send commands to the FPGA, which then controls the switch to start the OSC (Optical System Center) operation. The laser driver can switch to the OSC driver to begin transmitting OSC service signals. The OSC Receiver receives external optical signals from the OSC, converts them into electrical signals via a PD (Power Distribution Device), and sends the relevant data to internal processing and analysis. The driver is an electronic component or circuit module that converts control signals into power output to drive loads (such as motors, LEDs, etc.).

[0041] The optical module initiates the operation of the optical time domain reflectometer, including: The pulsed light from the first distributed feedback laser passes through the first filter and is transmitted into the wavelength division multiplexing device. The pulsed light passes through the transmission surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device and exits into the isolator; The pulsed light passes through the isolator and then through the circulator before being emitted into the first connector; The pulsed light is emitted into the optical fiber through the first connector.

[0042] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 8a , Figure 8a This is a schematic diagram of the optical path when the single-fiber bidirectional optical module of the present invention activates the OTDR function. Figure 8a As shown, when the optical module starts the optical time domain reflectometer, in the single-fiber bidirectional optical module, after the first distributed feedback laser (laser 1) emits pulsed light, the pulsed light emitted by the first distributed feedback laser (laser 1) is transmitted through the first filter (TFF1) and then directly exits from the transmission surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device to the isolator. After passing through the isolator, it exits from the circulator to the first connector. Finally, the pulsed light exits from the first connector to the optical fiber.

[0043] In another embodiment, refer to Figure 9a , Figure 9a This is a schematic diagram of the optical path when the dual-fiber bidirectional optical module of the present invention activates the OTDR function. Figure 9a As shown, when the optical module starts the optical time domain reflectometer, in the dual-fiber bidirectional optical module, after the first distributed feedback laser (laser 1) emits pulsed light, the pulsed light emitted by the first distributed feedback laser (laser 1) is transmitted through the first filter (TFF1) and then directly exits from the transmission surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device to the isolator. After passing through the isolator, it exits from the circulator to the first connector. Finally, the pulsed light exits from the first connector to the optical fiber.

[0044] The optical module that initiates the operation of the optical time domain reflectometer also includes: External signal light enters the circulator through the first connector; The signal light is emitted to the reflector through the circulator; The light is emitted through the reflector and wavelength division multiplexing device to the third filter; The signal light is transmitted to the first detector through the third filter.

[0045] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 8a , Figure 8a This is a schematic diagram of the optical path when the single-fiber bidirectional optical module of the present invention activates the OTDR function. Figure 8aAs shown, when the optical module starts the optical time domain reflectometer, in the single-fiber bidirectional optical module, the external signal light enters the circulator through the first connector. The circulator isolates the outgoing and incoming light paths of the same wavelength. Then, the signal light is emitted to the reflector. After being reflected by the reflector, the signal light passes through the transmission surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device and reaches the third filter. The signal light is then transmitted to the first detector (detector 1) through the third filter.

[0046] In another embodiment, refer to Figure 9a , Figure 9a This is a schematic diagram of the optical path when the dual-fiber bidirectional optical module of the present invention activates the OTDR function. Figure 9a As shown, when the optical module starts the optical time domain reflectometer, in the dual-fiber bidirectional optical module, the external signal light enters the circulator through the first connector. The circulator isolates the outgoing and incoming light paths of the same wavelength. Then, the signal light is emitted to the reflector. After being reflected by the reflector, the signal light passes through the transmission surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device and reaches the third filter. The signal light is then transmitted to the first detector (detector 1) through the third filter.

[0047] The optical module initiates the operation of the optical monitoring channel, including: The signal light from the second distributed feedback laser passes through the second filter and is transmitted into the wavelength division multiplexing device. The signal light is reflected by the first reflecting surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device to the first filter. The signal light is reflected to the isolator by the first filter; The signal light passes through the isolator and then through the circulator before being emitted into the first connector; The signal light is emitted into the optical fiber through the first connector.

[0048] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 8b , Figure 8b This is a schematic diagram of the optical path when the single-fiber bidirectional optical module of the present invention activates the OSC function. Figure 8b As shown, when the optical module starts working on the optical monitoring channel, in the single-fiber bidirectional optical module, after the second distributed feedback laser (laser 2) emits signal light, the signal light of the second distributed feedback laser passes through the second filter (TFF2) and is transmitted into the wavelength division multiplexing device. The first reflecting surface (reflecting surface 1) corresponding to the second filter reflects the signal light to the first filter (TFF1), the first filter (TFF1) then reflects the signal light to the isolator, the isolator propagates the signal light to the circulator, the circulator outputs the signal light into the first connector, and finally, the signal light outputs from the first connector into the optical fiber.

[0049] In another embodiment, refer to Figure 9b , Figure 9bThis is a schematic diagram of the optical path when the dual-fiber bidirectional optical module of the present invention activates the OSC function. Figure 9b As shown, when the optical module starts working on the optical monitoring channel, in the dual-fiber bidirectional optical module, after the second distributed feedback laser (laser 2) emits signal light, the signal light of the second distributed feedback laser passes through the second filter (TFF2) and is transmitted into the wavelength division multiplexing device. The first reflecting surface (reflecting surface 1) corresponding to the second filter reflects the signal light to the first filter (TFF1), the first filter (TFF1) then reflects the signal light to the isolator, the isolator propagates the signal light to the circulator, the circulator outputs the signal light to the first connector, and finally, the signal light outputs from the first connector to the optical fiber.

[0050] The optical module's activation of the optical monitoring channel also includes: External signal light enters the circulator through the first connector; The signal light is emitted to the reflector through the circulator; The signal light is reflected by the mirror and passes through the transmission surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device to the third filter. The third filter reflects the signal light to the second reflective surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device; The signal light is reflected to the fourth filter through the second reflecting surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device; The signal light is transmitted to the second detector through the fourth filter. Alternatively, external signal light is transmitted from the transmission surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device to the fourth filter via the second connector, and then transmitted to the second detector through the fourth filter.

[0051] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 8b , Figure 8b This is a schematic diagram of the optical path when the single-fiber bidirectional optical module of the present invention activates the OSC function. Figure 8b As shown, when the optical module starts working on the optical monitoring channel, in the single-fiber bidirectional optical module, the external signal light enters the circulator through the first connector. The circulator then sends the signal light out to the reflector, which reflects the signal light. The signal light then enters the wavelength division multiplexing device (WDM) from the transmission surface and reaches the third filter (TFF3). The third filter (TFF3) reflects the signal light to the second reflection surface (reflector 2) of the WDM. The second reflection surface (reflector 2) of the WDM then reflects the signal light to the fourth filter (TFF4), and finally, the fourth filter (TFF4) transmits the signal light to the second detector (detector 2).

[0052] In another embodiment, refer to Figure 9b , Figure 9bThis is a schematic diagram of the optical path when the dual-fiber bidirectional optical module of the present invention activates the OSC function. Figure 9b As shown, when the optical module starts working on the optical monitoring channel, in the dual-fiber bidirectional optical module, the external signal light passes through the second connector and enters the wavelength division multiplexing device from the transmission surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device, and then reaches the fourth filter (TFF4). The fourth filter (TFF4) transmits the signal light to the second detector (detector 2).

[0053] This embodiment allows for the arbitrary selection of either OTDR or OSC modules without mutual interference. It resolves the technical problem in the prior art where using OTDR and OSC modules together results in complex transceiver combinations due to module separation. It also addresses the technical issue of time-division multiplexing for OTDR and OSC modules with the same wavelength, where high-precision timing algorithms are required, leading to the reception of incorrect t1 or t3 signals. Furthermore, it resolves the incompatibility issues caused by systems using OSC and OTDR modules with different wavelengths.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that while some processes described in the embodiments of the present invention include multiple operations or steps that appear in a specific order, it should be understood that these operations or steps may not be executed in the order they appear in the embodiments of the present invention, or may be executed in parallel. The sequence number of the operation is only used to distinguish different operations, and the sequence number itself does not represent any execution order. In addition, these processes may include more or fewer operations, and these operations or steps may be executed sequentially or in parallel, and these operations or steps may be combined.

[0055] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly integrated optical module with dynamically switchable functions, characterized in that, include: Wavelength division multiplexing device and circulator; the position of the circulator in the ceramic tube shell of the package is determined by free space coupling, the wavelength division multiplexing device is mounted on the same horizontal line as the distributed feedback laser, and the preset position on the reflective surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device is changed into the transmission surface to obtain the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface. The wavelength division multiplexing device is used to combine or demultiplex laser beams; The circulator is used to isolate the emitted laser and the incident laser of the same wavelength.

2. The highly integrated optical module with dynamically switchable functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Mirror, isolator, filter, distributed feedback laser, photodetector, flexible board and first connector; The position of the reflector in the ceramic tube shell of the package is determined by free space coupling. The distributed feedback laser and the photodetector are mounted on the ceramic tube shell of the package. The isolator is mounted in front of the distributed feedback laser. The filter includes a first filter, a second filter, a third filter, and a fourth filter. The first filter, the second filter, the third filter, and the fourth filter are concentrated on a wavelength division multiplexing device. The flexible board is soldered on a printed circuit board. The filter is used to transmit the laser emitted by the distributed feedback laser, wherein the laser includes signal light and pulse light, and each filter corresponds to a different transmission wavelength; The isolator is used to receive the laser light reflected from the wavelength division multiplexing device and propagate it to the circulator; The first connector is used to emit external laser light into the circulator, or to emit the laser light emitted from the circulator into an optical fiber; The reflector is used to reflect the laser beam propagated from the circulator and then propagate it to the wavelength division multiplexing device.

3. The highly integrated optical module with dynamically switchable functions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The photodetector is either a first detector or a second detector, wherein the first detector is used to receive pulsed light returned by the optical time-domain reflectometer, and the second detector is used to receive signal light emitted by the optical monitoring channel.

4. The highly integrated optical module with dynamically switchable functionality according to claim 2, characterized in that, The distributed feedback laser includes a first distributed feedback laser and a second distributed feedback laser, wherein the first distributed feedback laser outputs optical time-domain reflectometer pulse light, and the second distributed feedback laser outputs optical monitoring channel signal light.

5. The highly integrated optical module with dynamically switchable functionality according to claim 1, characterized in that, Add a second connector and change the second reflective surface to a transmissive surface.

6. An optical communication device, characterized in that, The optical communication device includes a control switch and an optical module as described in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the control switch is used to control the optical module to start the optical time domain reflectometer or to start the optical monitoring channel.

7. The optical communication device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The optical module initiates the operation of the optical time domain reflectometer, including: The pulsed light from the first distributed feedback laser passes through the first filter and is transmitted into the wavelength division multiplexing device. The pulsed light passes through the transmission surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device and exits into the isolator; The pulsed light passes through the isolator and then through the circulator before being emitted into the first connector; The pulsed light is emitted into the optical fiber through the first connector.

8. The optical communication device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The optical module that initiates the operation of the optical time domain reflectometer also includes: External signal light enters the circulator through the first connector; The signal light is emitted to the reflector through the circulator; The light is emitted through the reflector and wavelength division multiplexing device to the third filter; The signal light is transmitted to the first detector through the third filter.

9. The optical communication device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The optical module initiates the operation of the optical monitoring channel, including: The signal light from the second distributed feedback laser passes through the second filter and is transmitted into the wavelength division multiplexing device. The signal light is reflected by the first reflecting surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device to the first filter. The signal light is reflected to the isolator by the first filter; The signal light passes through the isolator and then through the circulator before being emitted into the first connector; The signal light is emitted into the optical fiber through the first connector.

10. The optical communication device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The optical module's activation of the optical monitoring channel also includes: External signal light enters the circulator through the first connector; The signal light is emitted to the reflector through the circulator; The signal light is reflected by the mirror and passes through the transmission surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device to the third filter. The third filter reflects the signal light to the second reflective surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device; The signal light is reflected to the fourth filter through the second reflecting surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device; The signal light is transmitted to the second detector through the fourth filter. Alternatively, external signal light is transmitted from the transmission surface of the wavelength division multiplexing device to the fourth filter via the second connector, and then transmitted to the second detector through the fourth filter.

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