Safety protection device, electric equipment and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a safety protection device, electric equipment and a vehicle, and the device comprises a first part which is suitable for being connected with an external circuit; the magnetic device is connected with the first component; the safety protection device comprises a first component and a second component, the first component is connected with the second component, and the magnetic device is configured to adjust the connection position of the first component and the second component when the current flowing through the safety protection device changes, so that the resistance, connected to the external circuit, of the first component changes. The device is simple in structure, capable of automatically adjusting the internal resistance and feeding back in time, capable of being repeatedly used, rich in application scene, small in occupied space size and free of regular maintenance, and an efficient and economical solution is provided for the safety protection technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of circuit safety technology, and in particular to a safety protection device, electrical equipment, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In modern electrical systems, fuses serve as a crucial line of defense for safe circuit operation, protecting against abnormal current conditions such as overloads and short circuits. Traditional fuses, such as fusible fuses and explosive fuses, often employ a disposable design. Once triggered, these fuses cannot be reused and must be replaced, leading to numerous problems. Therefore, addressing the issue of non-reusable fuses and developing reusable fuses suitable for various scenarios has become a critical and urgent issue in the field of electrical safety protection. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a safety protection device, electrical equipment, and vehicle that aims to solve the problem that safety protection devices cannot be reused multiple times.

[0004] Firstly, a safety protection device is provided, including:

[0005] A first component, the first component being adapted to be connected to an external circuit;

[0006] A magnetic device, wherein the magnetic device is connected to the first component;

[0007] The second component is connected to the first component, and the magnetic device is configured to adjust the connection position of the first component and the second component when the current flowing through the safety protection device changes, so that the resistance of the first component connected to the external circuit changes.

[0008] In some optional embodiments, the connection positions of the first component and the second component include a first position and a second position, the first position and the second position being at different heights in the axial direction of the safety protection device, and the resistance of the second component connected to the external circuit when it is located in the second position being greater than the resistance of the second component connected to the external circuit when it is located in the first position.

[0009] In some alternative embodiments, the safety protection device includes a housing, and the magnetic device extends along the axial direction of the housing to enclose and form a magnetic circuit cavity.

[0010] In some alternative embodiments, at least a portion of the first component is disposed on the radially inner side of the magnetic circuit cavity, and at least a portion of the second component is disposed within the magnetic circuit cavity.

[0011] In some alternative embodiments, the number of the first components is multiple in the axial direction of the housing, and the multiple first components are spaced apart along the axial direction of the housing.

[0012] In some alternative embodiments, the first component includes a first resistor, and a plurality of the first resistors are connected in series in the axial direction of the housing.

[0013] In some optional embodiments, when the second component is in the second position, the number of the first resistors connected to external circuits is M; when the second component is in the first position, the number of the first resistors connected to external circuits is N, where M>N.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, the first component further includes at least two first conductive portions, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the housing, and are connected and conductive through the second component.

[0015] In some alternative embodiments, one end of the first resistor is connected to the external circuit, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to one of the first conductive parts.

[0016] In some alternative embodiments, at least a portion of the distance from the first conductive portion to the center of the housing is less than the distance from the first resistive portion to the center of the housing.

[0017] In some alternative embodiments, the second component includes an elastic portion and a second conductive portion, one end of the elastic portion being connected to the housing and the other end of the elastic portion being connected to the second conductive portion.

[0018] In some alternative embodiments, the two first conductive portions, which are spaced apart, are connected through the second conductive portion.

[0019] In some alternative embodiments, the second conductive portion is configured as liquid metal.

[0020] In some alternative embodiments, the axis of the second conductive part coincides with the axis of the housing.

[0021] In some alternative embodiments, the second conductive portion is configured as a cylinder with a circular cross-section.

[0022] In some alternative embodiments, the second component further includes a protective member disposed around the outer periphery of the second conductive portion to enhance the structural strength of the second conductive portion.

[0023] In some optional embodiments, the protective member is provided with through holes, and the number of through holes is multiple, with the multiple through holes spaced apart on the protective member, and the second conductive member is connected to the first conductive member through the through holes.

[0024] In some optional embodiments, the through hole penetrates through a first end face of the protective member and extends into the interior of the protective member, wherein the first end face is a surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the safety protection device.

[0025] In some alternative embodiments, the second component further includes a cover, the elastic portion being adapted to connect with the cover, the cover being disposed at a first opening of the housing to close the first opening of the housing.

[0026] In some alternative embodiments, the magnetic device is configured as a coil that extends spirally along the axial direction of the safety protection device, is evenly distributed and arranged around the circumference, and the spiral trajectory of the coil forms a cylindrical curved surface, the space enclosed by the curved surface constituting the magnetic circuit cavity.

[0027] In some optional embodiments, the safety protection device further includes a detection component 5 disposed on the housing, the detection component 5 being configured to receive real-time information from the external circuitry and to feed the real-time information back to the external system.

[0028] Secondly, an electrical appliance is provided, including the aforementioned safety protection device.

[0029] Since the electrical equipment provided in this application includes the aforementioned safety protection device, both can solve the same technical problem and achieve the same effect.

[0030] Thirdly, a vehicle is also provided, including the aforementioned safety protection device or the aforementioned electrical equipment.

[0031] Since the vehicle provided in this application includes the aforementioned safety protection device or electrical equipment, both can solve the same technical problem and achieve the same effect.

[0032] By adopting the above solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] The designed safety protection device includes a first component and a second component, which are connected. When the first component is connected to an external circuit to receive changes in the circuit, it is also connected to a magnetic device, meaning the magnetic device is simultaneously connected to the external circuit and can also receive changes in the external circuit. Since the magnetic device generates magnetic force based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, changes in current will cause changes in the magnetic force. During the operation of the external circuit, when the current changes, the connection position of the first and second components is adjusted, allowing the resistance of the first component connected to the external circuit to change adaptively. This adjustment method can effectively cope with abnormal current fluctuations in the external circuit, buffering and stabilizing the circuit current, preventing sudden current changes from impacting other components in the circuit, and significantly enhancing the stability and reliability of the circuit. When the changes in the external circuit tend to stabilize, the first and second components will return to their original positions, preparing for the next circuit safety operation, thus enabling the safety protection device to be used multiple times.

[0034] In summary, this solution, through the ingenious design and combination of the first gas component, the magnetic device, and the second component, achieves a highly efficient, safe, and reusable safety protection device.

[0035] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a safety protection device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of the magnetic device and the first component of a safety protection device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second component of a safety protection device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the housing of a safety protection device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the second position of a safety protection device as provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle.

[0043] Figure label:

[0044] 1. First component; 11. First conductive part; 12. First resistive part;

[0045] 2. Second component; 21. Elastic part; 22. Second conductive part; 23. Protective component; 231. Through hole; 24. Cover;

[0046] 3. Magnetic device; 31. Magnetic circuit cavity; 32. Coil;

[0047] 4. Shell;

[0048] 5. Detection components;

[0049] 1000, Vehicles. Detailed Implementation

[0050] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," and "sixth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," and "sixth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0051] In embodiments of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0052] "A and / or B" includes the following three combinations: A only, B only, and a combination of A and B.

[0053] In the embodiments of this application, "parallel," "perpendicular," and "equal" include the described situation and situations similar to the described situation, the range of which is within an acceptable deviation range, said acceptable deviation range being determined by those skilled in the art taking into account the measurement under discussion and the error associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, "parallel" includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, wherein the acceptable deviation range for approximate parallelism may be, for example, a deviation within 5°; "perpendicular" includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, wherein the acceptable deviation range for approximate perpendicularity may also be, for example, a deviation within 5°. "Equal" includes absolute equality and approximate equality, wherein the acceptable deviation range for approximate equality may be, for example, a difference between the two equals being less than or equal to 5% of either one.

[0054] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0055] The safety protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0056] like Figures 1-2 As shown, a safety protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first component 1, the first component 1 being adapted to be connected to an external circuit; a magnetic device 3, the magnetic device 3 being connected to the first component 1; and a second component 2, the first component 1 being connected to the second component 2. The magnetic device 3 is configured to adjust the connection position of the first component 1 and the second component 2 when the current flowing through the safety protection device changes, so that the resistance of the first component 1 connected to the external circuit changes.

[0057] It is understandable that, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first component 1 of the safety protection device is used to connect to an external circuit so that the safety protection device can be connected to the external circuit. The external circuit can be directly connected to the first component 1, or it can be connected and conductive through connecting wires or conductive sheets. In the embodiment, it can also be seen that this solution also includes a second component 2. The second component 2 is connected and conductive to the first component 1 to complete a complete loop of external circuit-first component 1-second component 2-first component 1. In this solution, to change the resistance value of the first component 1 connected to the external circuit, it is necessary to adjust the amount of resistance of the first component 1 connected to the external circuit. Therefore, this solution also includes a magnetic device 3. The magnetic device 3 is connected to the circuit in the loop, and the change of current adjusts its magnetic force to produce different magnetic force values. As can be seen from the figure, the magnetic device 3 is arranged around the first component 1 to form a certain magnetic circuit cavity 31, and the second component 2 is arranged inside the magnetic circuit cavity 31. Figure 1This is the most basic state in this scheme. The first component 1 is set at multiple heights in the axial direction of the safety protection device. The resistance values ​​at different heights are different. In the initial state, the magnetic device 3 is not affected by the change in current, so no additional force acts on the second component 2. The second component 2 only has a certain pulling force F and a vertically downward gravity G. The pulling force F and the gravity G are in opposite directions, so a certain balance can be achieved. However, when the current in the external circuit changes, such as in the case of an open circuit or a short circuit, resulting in an excessive current, the magnetic device 3 will be affected by the current, thereby generating a certain magnetic force, driving the second component 2 to move in the axial direction of the safety protection device, thus causing the resistance value of the first component 1 connected to the external component to change.

[0058] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the connection positions of the first component 1 and the second component 2 include a first position and a second position. The first position and the second position are at different heights in the axial direction of the safety protection device. When the second component 2 is in the second position, the resistance of the external circuit is greater than the resistance of the second component 2 when it is in the first position.

[0059] It is understandable that, specifically, the first position and the second position are distributed along the axial direction of the safety protection device, with the first position located in the higher region of the axial direction (near the top of the device), such as... Figure 1 As shown, the second position is located in the lower axial region (near the bottom of the device), as... Figure 2 As shown, when the second component 2 is in the first position, its connection to the first component 1 is only through the basic resistive unit (such as a low-resistance conductor in the main circuit). At this time, the current path only needs to pass through a small number of resistive elements to form a low-impedance path. For example, the second component 2 may be connected to the upper conductive track of the first component 1 through a contact. This track is directly connected to the load terminal of the external circuit, and the resistance value is determined only by the resistivity of the track material itself.

[0060] When the second component 2 switches to the second position, the device establishes a connection between the second component 2 and the lower conductive structure of the first component 1 through a mechanical linkage or electromagnetic drive mechanism. This area integrates multiple series-connected resistive units (such as carbon film resistor arrays or segmented resistance wires). When current flows through, it must pass through multiple resistive elements in sequence, resulting in a significant increase in the total resistance value. For example, the conductive contacts of the second component 2 may descend to contact the multilayer resistive sheets of the first component 1, with each layer of resistive sheets connected in series through metal connectors to form a stepped resistive network.

[0061] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the safety protection device includes a housing 4, and a magnetic device 3 extends along the axial direction of the housing 4 to enclose and form a magnetic circuit cavity 31.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the magnetic device 3 is configured as a coil 32. The coil 32 extends in a spiral shape along the axial direction of the safety protection device, is evenly distributed and arranged around the circumference, and the spiral trajectory of the coil 32 forms a cylindrical curved surface. The space enclosed by the curved surface constitutes the magnetic circuit cavity 31.

[0063] Understandably, the magnetic device 3 adopts an axially extending layout in the safety protection device, extending longitudinally along the axis of the housing 4 and connecting end to end to form a closed structure, thereby enclosing and constructing a complete magnetic circuit cavity 31. This design fully utilizes the advantages of spatial layout, enabling magnetic lines of force to be efficiently conducted within the closed magnetic circuit cavity 31, greatly improving the working efficiency and stability of the magnetic circuit. Due to the existence of the magnetic circuit cavity 31, the magnetic device 3 is provided with a relatively independent and controllable magnetic field environment. When the current in the safety protection device changes, the magnetic field in the magnetic circuit cavity 31 can respond quickly and generate a uniform and stable magnetic force change, accurately driving the first component 1 and the second component 2 to switch their connection positions, ensuring the efficiency and reliability of the entire safety protection process.

[0064] In this plan, such as Figure 2As shown, the magnetic device 3 is configured as a coil 32, which extends spirally along the axis of the safety protection device, extending orderly from one end of the device to the other. In the circumferential direction, the coils 32 are distributed uniformly and regularly, maintaining a precise spacing between each coil to ensure a consistent magnetic field distribution. They are tightly wound and interlocked, eventually forming a continuous and smooth cylindrical surface as the spiral trajectory extends, with a magnetic circuit cavity 31 formed inside. n is the total number of turns of the coil 32, which can be determined and adjusted according to the actual product. As described above, the coil 32 changes its internal electric field strength B by connecting to an external circuit. The relationship between the current in the coil 32 and the magnetic induction intensity can be described by Ampere's law. According to Ampere's law, the magnetic induction intensity is proportional to the total current through the closed loop; that is, as the current increases, the magnetic field strength in the coil 32 also increases. Specifically, the magnetic induction intensity B is related to the current I, the number of turns n of coil 32, and the permeability μ0 in vacuum, and the formula is B = μ0*(n*I) / r, where r is the distance between the center of coil 32 and any point. In this scheme, the number of turns n of coil 32 and the permeability μ0 in vacuum are known values. Therefore, the change in magnetic induction intensity B is related to the change in circuit I flowing through coil 32. By connecting the current value in the external circuit, the electric field induction intensity B can be adjusted, so that the magnetic force obtained by the second component 2 changes, thereby adjusting the connection position of the first component 1 and the second component 2, and completing the resistance change of the first component 1 connected to the safety protection device.

[0065] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the first component 1 is disposed on the radially inner side of the magnetic circuit cavity 31, and at least a portion of the second component 2 is disposed within the magnetic circuit cavity 31.

[0066] Understandably, such as Figure 2 As shown, since the magnetic device 3 has formed a magnetic circuit cavity 31, the first component 1 is placed on the radial inner side of the magnetic circuit cavity 31. The radial inner side arrangement allows the first component 1 to be connected and conductive with the second component 2 without being affected by the magnetic device 3. The second component 2 is at least partially and structurally intact within the magnetic circuit cavity 31. The second component 2 can move flexibly within the magnetic circuit cavity 31. The process of switching its connection position with the first component 1 is completed within the "magnetic field protection zone" of the magnetic circuit cavity 31. When the magnetic device 3 generates magnetic force due to changes in current, the movement trajectory of the second component 2 within the cavity is precisely controlled by the magnetic field, thereby achieving a stable connection with the first component 1 at different height positions, ultimately achieving the functions of resistance adjustment and circuit protection.

[0067] In some embodiments, the first component 1 includes a first resistor 12, and a plurality of first resistors 12 disposed in series in the axial direction of the housing 4.

[0068] It is understandable that the first resistor 12 can be arranged in various ways in the axial direction, and can be selected according to the actual product requirements. For example, a linear stacked layout in which multiple first resistors 12 are arranged in a straight line along the axial direction, stacked in layers like steps.

[0069] Spiral-encircling layout: The first resistor unit 12 extends in series around the axis of the device in a spiral shape, similar to the structure of a solenoid. This layout not only integrates more resistor units in a smaller axial space, but also enhances the electromagnetic induction effect by utilizing the spiral structure.

[0070] Layered nested layout: Multiple first resistor sections 12 are divided into several groups, with each group of resistor sections connected in series in the same plane. Then, different groups of resistor sections are nested layer by layer along the axial direction. This layout provides excellent heat dissipation and structural stability, effectively preventing performance degradation caused by resistor heating.

[0071] Interlaced array layout: The first resistor sections 12 are connected in series in an interlaced manner in the axial direction, and adjacent resistor sections are spatially staggered. This layout breaks away from the traditional linear arrangement pattern, which can reduce electromagnetic interference between resistor sections and improve the anti-interference capability of the device.

[0072] In some embodiments, when the second component 2 is in the second position, the number of first resistors 12 connected to external circuits is M; when the second component 2 is in the first position, the number of first resistors 12 connected to external circuits is N, where M>N.

[0073] It is understandable that when the second component 2 is in the first position, its connection structure with the first component 1 selectively connects only N first resistor sections 12, where N is at least one first resistor section 12. These resistor sections constitute the basic current-limiting unit of the circuit, forming a low-resistance path to ensure that the current can be transmitted stably with low loss and high efficiency under normal operating conditions, meeting the power needs of the equipment's daily operation.

[0074] When abnormal fluctuations occur in the circuit (such as overload, short circuit, etc.), the magnetic device 3, under the influence of the magnetic field caused by the change in current, drives the second component 2 to move to the second position along the axial direction of the device. At this time, the connection structure is reconfigured, and the number of first resistors 12 connected to the external circuit increases significantly to M (M>N). The newly added resistors are connected to the circuit in series, which significantly extends the current flow path and also increases the resistance in the entire circuit.

[0075] This differentiated resistor connection strategy provides the device with a dual protection mode: maintaining low-resistance, high-efficiency operation under normal conditions, and rapidly switching to a high-resistance, current-limiting state under fault conditions. For example, when the circuit current exceeds 1.5 times the rated threshold, the second component 2 automatically switches from the first position to the second position, increasing the number of connected first resistors 12 from N to M, instantly increasing the circuit resistance by 3-5 times. This forces the current back into a safe range, preventing equipment damage or fire hazards due to overcurrent. Simultaneously, this "low-resistance-high-resistance" stepped switching mechanism, compared to the single-resistor design of traditional protection devices, enables more precise current control and faster response speed, effectively improving the reliability and flexibility of circuit protection.

[0076] In some embodiments, the first component 1 further includes at least two first conductive parts 11, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the housing 4, and are connected and conductive through the second component 2.

[0077] In some embodiments, one end of the first resistor 12 is connected to an external circuit, and the other end of the first resistor 12 is connected to one of the first conductive parts 11.

[0078] It is understandable that, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first component 1 is also provided with a plurality of first conductive parts 11 spaced apart along the circumference of the housing 4. It can be seen that in this solution, the first conductive parts 11 are set as sheet-like structures. These sheet-like first conductive parts 11 are set on the inner wall of the housing 4 and spaced apart. They are connected by the second component 2. The two spaced first conductive parts 11 are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the housing 4. The two first conductive parts 11 can be connected in series with a first resistor part 12, or one of the first conductive parts 11 can be connected in series with a resistor part.

[0079] As can be seen, one end of the first resistor 12 is connected to an external circuit, while the other end of the first resistor 12 is connected to one of the conductive parts, such as... Figure 2 As shown, in this design, the first resistor 12 located on the circumferential surface of the same housing 4 is connected to the external circuit, while the first conductive sheet is not directly connected to the external circuit.

[0080] Of course, we can also place one end connected to the external circuit on the first conductive plate, and the other end on the first resistor 12 or another first conductive plate. This arrangement breaks the traditional single position limitation by setting different end connection positions, and presets different end layouts (such as lateral offset, vertical misalignment, or array distribution). By changing or stacking groups, the position of the end points can be dynamically adjusted. When the installation end points need to be fixed to the edge of the device, the stacked plate group can "transfer" the end points of the external circuit from the edge to the middle of the device, avoiding cable tangling and occupying extra space.

[0081] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the distance from the first conductive portion 11 to the center of the housing 4 is less than the distance from the first resistive portion 12 to the center of the housing 4.

[0082] It is understandable that in the spatial layout of the safety protection device, if the first conductive part 11 and the first resistive part 12 are simply connected in series directly to the circuit, the distance between them may be too large, and the current cannot directly cross this gap in the medium such as air, which will inevitably lead to the circuit being broken and the device not working properly. Since the first conductive part 11 and the first resistive part 12 are connected in series, if the distance between the first conductive part 11 and the first housing 4 and the center of the housing 4 is equal, a short circuit may occur, causing the device to not work properly. Therefore, on the first projection plane, which is the radial plane of the housing 4, the distance between the first conductive part 11 and the center of the housing 4 is L1, and the distance between the first resistive part 12 and the center of the housing 4 is L2, where L2 > L1.

[0083] In some embodiments, the second component 2 includes an elastic portion 21 and a second conductive portion 22. One end of the elastic portion 21 is connected to the housing 4, and the other end of the elastic portion 21 is connected to the second conductive portion 22.

[0084] In some embodiments, the two first conductive parts 11, which are spaced apart, are connected through the second conductive part 22.

[0085] Understandably, the diagram Figure 3 As shown, the first component 1 is provided with an elastic part 21, which is configured as a spring in this design. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the housing 4, and the other end of the spring is connected to the second conductive part 22. Since the spring itself is elastic, it can be seen that the second conductive part 22 is subjected to gravity G, tension F_spring, and magnetic field Lorentz force F_Lorentz force within the magnetic circuit cavity 31, respectively, where F_Lorentz = U0I. 2 NL / 2πr (where N is the number of coil turns), the relationship between the three is: G + Flo = Fspring, Fspring = KX. When I = 0, Flo = 0, G = Fspring, and they are in equilibrium, i.e., G + U0I. 2NL / 2πr=KX. As can be seen from the formula, when the current I is larger, F increases, causing the second conductive part 22 to move downward, resulting in a larger spring deformation X. When the spring X is larger, the more resistors the first component 1 is connected to in the external circuit, the larger the internal resistance R of the safety protection device becomes, so as to play the role of protecting the circuit. When the current I stabilizes, the system enters the equilibrium state again, the spring deformation X is also determined, the circuit stabilizes, and the control feedback system feeds back the stable data to the whole vehicle.

[0086] In some embodiments, the second conductive portion 22 is configured as liquid metal. It is understood that the fluidity of liquid metal allows it to automatically fill gaps and maintain conductive paths when the component is displaced, vibrates, or deforms. For example, when the second component 2 moves axially, the liquid metal can reshape the contact pattern with the positional change, avoiding circuit breaks caused by mechanical displacement of solid contacts (such as a sudden increase in contact resistance after wear of conventional relay contacts). Depending on the actual product requirements, the liquid metal can be one or more of gallium, mercury, gallium-indium alloy, and gallium-indium-tin alloy.

[0087] In some embodiments, the axis of the second conductive part 22 coincides with the axis of the housing 4. It is understood that when the axis of the second conductive part 22 (liquid metal) coincides with the axis of the housing 4, its position in the magnetic circuit cavity 31 forms a central symmetric relationship with the magnetic field distribution of the spiral coil 32. According to Ampere's circuital law, the magnetic field inside the spiral coil is uniformly distributed along the axial direction. The axial coincidence design ensures that the liquid metal is in the region with the highest and most uniform magnetic field strength throughout the entire process, ensuring that when the magnetic device 3 drives the second component 2 to move, the electromagnetic force on the liquid metal is symmetrically distributed along the axial direction, avoiding lateral force interference caused by eccentricity.

[0088] In some embodiments, the second conductive portion 22 is configured as a cylinder with a circular cross-section. It is understood that the second conductive portion 22 is configured as a cylinder to improve its resistance to bending and torsion.

[0089] In some embodiments, the second component 2 further includes a protective member 23, which is disposed around the outer periphery of the second conductive portion 22 to enhance the structural strength of the second conductive portion 22.

[0090] In some embodiments, the protective member 23 is provided with through holes 231, and the number of through holes 231 is multiple. The multiple through holes 231 are spaced apart on the protective member 23, and the second conductive member is connected to the first conductive member through the through holes 231.

[0091] In some embodiments, the through hole 231 penetrates the first end face of the protective member 23 and extends into the interior of the protective member 23, wherein the first end face is a surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the safety protection device.

[0092] Understandably, the second conductive part 22 is also provided with a protective element 23. The protective element 23 is made of high-strength engineering material and tightly surrounds the outer periphery of the second conductive part 22, effectively enhancing the structural strength of the second conductive part 22 and enabling it to remain stable under complex working conditions. For example, when the equipment vibrates frequently or is subjected to external impact, the protective element 23 can disperse external stress and prevent the second conductive part 22 from being deformed due to force, thus affecting its conductivity. In the case where liquid metal is used as the second conductive part 22, the protective element 23 can also prevent the liquid metal from overflowing or leaking due to violent shaking, ensuring the normal operation of the device.

[0093] The protective element 23 is provided with multiple through holes 231, which are evenly distributed on the protective element 23 to ensure a stable and efficient connection between the second conductive element and the first conductive element. The second conductive element passes through these through holes 231, forming an electrical path with the first conductive element to ensure smooth current transmission. The size and shape of the through holes 231 have also been precisely considered to ensure that the conductive element can pass through smoothly while providing a certain contact pressure, reducing contact resistance, and improving the reliability of the connection.

[0094] These through holes 231 do not simply penetrate the protective component 23, but rather extend into the interior of the protective component 23, starting from its first end face perpendicular to the axial direction of the safety protection device. On one hand, this provides more stable support and positioning for the second conductive component, preventing it from shifting during connection. On the other hand, the extended through hole structure 231 increases the contact area between the conductive component and the protective component 23, further enhancing structural stability. Simultaneously, this design facilitates the assembly process, allowing the second conductive component to more precisely align with the first conductive component, ensuring the safety protection device can be quickly put into use after assembly, effectively improving production efficiency.

[0095] In some embodiments, the second component 2 further includes a cover 24, the elastic portion 21 being adapted to connect with the cover 24, the cover 24 being disposed at the first opening of the housing 4 to close the first opening of the housing 4.

[0096] It is understandable that, such as Figure 3 As shown, the second component 2 also includes a cover 24, which is fixedly connected to the elastic part 21. The diameter of the cover 24 is larger than the diameter of the internal cavity of the housing 4. By abutting the cover 24 against the first opening of the housing 4, the fixed connection with the elastic part 21 is completed. At the same time, it can also prevent dust from entering the safety protection device, thus playing a certain protective role. Of course, the elastic part 21 can also be fixed to the housing 4 by other fixing methods.

[0097] In some embodiments, the safety protection device further includes a detection component 5 disposed on the housing 4, the detection component 5 being configured to receive real-time information from an external circuit so as to feed the real-time information back to the external system.

[0098] It is understandable that, such as Figure 1 As shown, the detection component 5 is positioned between the cover 24 and the housing 4. The detection component 5 is close to the contact point between the safety protection device and the outside, so as to provide faster feedback on the real-time situation. The detection component 5 adopts a modular design and can also be installed on the surface or internal key nodes of the housing 4, which can flexibly adapt to the monitoring needs of different application scenarios. The detection component 5 can be set as one of a current sensor, voltage sensor, temperature sensor and Hall effect sensor, which can capture key parameters such as current fluctuations, voltage anomalies, temperature changes and magnetic field distortions of the external circuit in real time.

[0099] One embodiment of this application provides an electrical appliance including at least one of the aforementioned safety protection devices. The specific structure and function of the safety protection device can be referred to the foregoing embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0100] One embodiment of this application provides a vehicle 1000, which includes the aforementioned safety protection device or electrical equipment. The specific structure and function of the safety protection device can be referred to the aforementioned embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0101] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A safety protection device, characterized in that, include: First component (1), the first component (1) is adapted to be connected to an external circuit; A magnetic device (3) is connected to the first component (1); The second component (2) is connected to the first component (1). The magnetic device (3) is configured to adjust the connection position of the first component (1) and the second component (2) when the current flowing through the safety protection device changes, so that the resistance of the first component connected to the external circuit changes.

2. The safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection positions of the first component (1) and the second component (2) include a first position and a second position. The first position and the second position are at different heights in the axial direction of the safety protection device. When the second component (2) is in the second position, the resistance of the external circuit is greater than the resistance of the second component (2) when it is in the first position.

3. The safety protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The safety protection device includes a housing (4), and the magnetic device (3) extends along the axial direction of the housing (4) to enclose and form a magnetic circuit cavity (31).

4. The safety protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least a portion of the first component (1) is disposed on the radial inner side of the magnetic circuit cavity (31), and at least a portion of the second component (2) is disposed inside the magnetic circuit cavity (31).

5. The safety protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the axial direction of the housing (4), there are multiple first components (1), and the multiple first components (1) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the housing (4).

6. The safety protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first component includes a first resistor (12), and a plurality of first resistors (12) are connected in series in the axial direction of the housing (4).

7. The safety protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the second component (2) is in the second position, the number of external circuits connected to the first resistor (12) is M; when the second component (2) is in the first position, the number of external circuits connected to the first resistor (12) is N, where M>N.

8. The safety protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first component (1) further includes at least two first conductive parts (11), which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the housing (4), and are connected and conductive through the second component (2).

9. The safety protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, One end (12) of the first resistor is connected to the external circuit, and the other end of the first resistor (12) is connected to one of the first conductive parts (11).

10. The safety protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, At least part of the distance from the first conductive part (11) to the center of the housing (4) is less than the distance from the first resistive part (112) to the center of the housing (4).

11. The safety protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second component (2) includes an elastic part (21) and a second conductive part (22). One end of the elastic part (21) is connected to the housing (4), and the other end of the elastic part (21) is connected to the second conductive part (22).

12. The safety protection device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The two first conductive parts (11) arranged at intervals are connected through the second conductive part (22).

13. The safety protection device according to claim 11, characterized in that, Its features are, The second conductive part (22) is configured as liquid metal.

14. The safety protection device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The axis of the second conductive part (22) coincides with the axis of the housing (4).

15. The safety protection device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The second conductive part (22) is configured as a cylinder with a circular cross-section.

16. The safety protection device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The second component (2) further includes a protective member (23) which is disposed around the outer periphery of the second conductive part (22) to enhance the structural strength of the second conductive part (22).

17. The safety protection device according to claim 16, characterized in that, The protective component (23) is provided with through holes (231), and there are multiple through holes (231). The multiple through holes (231) are spaced apart on the protective component (23). The second conductive component is connected to the first conductive component through the through holes (231).

18. The safety protection device according to claim 17, characterized in that, The through hole (231) penetrates the first end face of the protective member (23) and extends into the interior of the protective member (23), the first end face being a surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the safety protection device.

19. The safety protection device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The second component (2) further includes a cover (24), the elastic part (21) being adapted to connect with the cover (24), the cover (24) being disposed at the first opening of the housing (4) to close the first opening of the housing (4).

20. The safety protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The magnetic device (3) is configured as a coil (32), which extends spirally along the axial direction of the safety protection device, is evenly distributed and arranged around the circumference, and the spiral trajectory of the coil (32) forms a cylindrical curved surface. The space enclosed by the curved surface constitutes the magnetic circuit cavity (31).

21. The safety protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The safety protection device further includes a detection component 5 (5), which is disposed on the housing (4) and is configured to receive the real-time status of the external circuit and feed the real-time status back to the external system.

22. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, The electrical equipment includes the safety protection device as described in any one of claims 1-21.

23. A vehicle (1000), characterized in that, The vehicle includes the safety protection device as described in any one of claims 1-21, or the vehicle includes the electrical equipment as described in claim 22.

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