Method and apparatus for recovering reversible capacity of an electric cell

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of electric core reversible capacity recovery method and device, wherein the method comprises: in the case where battery equalization does not occur in the first preset time period and at least the first preset number of full charging segments exist in single battery, the duration of the rest segment corresponding to the full charging segment is determined;Determine the selection strategy of the battery to be equalized according to the duration of the rest segment;According to the end voltage change data of at least one full charging segment, the battery to be equalized is screened;Based on the discharge history data of each battery in the battery in the second preset time period, determine the black list of the battery;The difference set of the battery to be equalized and the black list of the battery is determined as the target battery to be equalized;Energy activation operation is performed on the target battery to be equalized to recover the capacity of the battery, which can quickly activate the recoverable capacity of the battery, thereby improving the available energy and cycle life of the entire battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power battery technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for reversible capacity recovery of battery cells. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles and energy storage power stations, maintaining voltage consistency among individual cells within a battery pack and improving the system's usable capacity and lifespan have become key research directions for battery management systems. Currently, common battery balancing methods mainly include passive balancing and active balancing. Passive balancing uses resistors to convert excess energy from cells with high voltage into heat. Passive balancing generally uses voltage deviation as the sole criterion, failing to identify cells with recovery potential or exhibiting abnormal behavior, thus posing risks of incorrect balancing, ineffective balancing, or energy waste. Active balancing achieves energy transfer between cells through charge transfer modules, offering stronger strategy control capabilities. However, current balancing strategies rely on static threshold rules and lack mechanisms for dynamically identifying short-term cell behavior and reversible capacity.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for those skilled in the art to provide a cell capacity balancing judgment and recovery mechanism that integrates multi-state information of the cell and has the ability to identify anomalies and adaptively adjust. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for reversible capacity recovery of battery cells, which can solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a method for reversible capacity recovery of a battery cell, wherein the method includes:

[0007] If no battery equalization occurs within the first preset time period and there are at least a first preset number of fully charged segments in a single battery, determine the resting segment duration corresponding to the fully charged segment.

[0008] The selection strategy for the cells to be balanced is determined based on the duration of the resting period.

[0009] Based on the cell selection strategy to be balanced and the end voltage change data of at least one fully charged segment, cells to be balanced are selected.

[0010] A cell blacklist is determined based on the discharge history data of each cell in the battery within a second preset time period; wherein the second preset time period is longer than the first preset time period.

[0011] The difference between the cell to be balanced and the cell blacklist is determined as the target cell to be balanced.

[0012] An energy activation operation is performed on the target cell to be balanced in order to restore the cell capacity.

[0013] Optionally, the step of selecting cells to be balanced based on the cell selection strategy and the end voltage change data of at least one fully charged segment includes:

[0014] If the duration of the resting segment is less than the preset duration, for each fully charged segment within the first preset time period, a second preset number of cells and the corresponding capacity to be balanced for each cell are selected based on the voltage change segment at the end of the fully charged segment.

[0015] Compare the second preset number of cells corresponding to each fully charged segment, and select the second preset number of first cells;

[0016] For each cell voltage interrupted during the first preset time period, a whitelist of cells that can be balanced is selected.

[0017] The intersection of the first battery cell of the second preset quantity and the battery cells in the battery cell whitelist that can be balanced is determined as the battery cell to be balanced.

[0018] Optionally, the step of selecting cells to be balanced based on the cell selection strategy and the end voltage change data of at least one fully charged segment includes:

[0019] If the duration of the resting segment is greater than or equal to a preset duration, based on the total current and single cell voltage at the end of the full charge segment of the most recent resting segment of the battery, a third preset number of cells and the corresponding capacity to be balanced for each cell are selected.

[0020] For the most recent period of battery quilting, the voltage of the individual cells included in the quilting period is analyzed to identify abnormal cells;

[0021] The intersection of the third preset number of battery cells and the abnormal battery cells is determined as the battery cells to be balanced.

[0022] Optionally, the step of determining a cell blacklist based on the discharge history data of each cell in the battery within a second preset time period includes:

[0023] Extract the discharge segment at the end of the discharge of each cell in the battery within the second preset time period;

[0024] Calculate the voltage ranking and voltage degradation trend of each cell after discharge;

[0025] A blacklist of battery cells is determined based on the voltage ranking and the voltage degradation trend.

[0026] Optionally, the step of performing an energy activation operation on the target cell to be balanced to restore the cell capacity includes:

[0027] Based on the active balancing mechanism, a short-term perturbation-type energy activation operation is performed on the target cell to be balanced in order to restore the cell capacity.

[0028] This invention also provides a reversible capacity recovery device for battery cells, wherein the device includes:

[0029] The first determining module is used to determine the resting segment duration corresponding to the full-charge segment when no battery equalization occurs within the first preset time period and there are at least a first preset number of full-charge segments in a single battery.

[0030] The second determining module is used to determine the cell selection strategy to be balanced based on the duration of the resting segment.

[0031] The first screening module is used to screen out the cells to be balanced based on the cell screening strategy and the end voltage change data of at least one fully charged segment.

[0032] The second filtering module is used to determine a cell blacklist based on the discharge history data of each cell in the battery within a second preset time period; wherein the second preset time period is longer than the first preset time period.

[0033] The third determining module is used to determine the target battery cell to be balanced by the difference set between the battery cell to be balanced and the battery cell blacklist.

[0034] The activation module is used to perform an energy activation operation on the target battery cell to be balanced in order to restore the cell capacity.

[0035] Optionally, the first filtering module includes:

[0036] The first submodule is used to, when the resting segment duration is less than the preset duration, select a second preset number of cells and the corresponding capacity to be balanced for each full-charge segment within the first preset time period based on the end voltage change segment of the full-charge segment.

[0037] The second submodule is used to compare the second preset number of cells corresponding to each fully charged segment and filter out the second preset number of first cells.

[0038] The third submodule is used to filter out a whitelist of cells that can be balanced for the single cell voltage interrupted during each full charge segment within the first preset time period.

[0039] The fourth submodule is used to identify the cells to be balanced by intersecting the second preset number of first cells with the cells in the whitelist of cells that can be balanced.

[0040] Optionally, the first filtering module includes:

[0041] The fifth submodule is used to filter out a third preset number of cells and the corresponding capacity to be balanced for each cell based on the total current and single cell voltage at the end of the most recent resting segment of the battery, when the resting segment duration is greater than or equal to a preset duration.

[0042] The sixth submodule is used to analyze the voltage of individual cells in the most recent resting period of the battery and identify abnormal cells.

[0043] The seventh submodule is used to determine the intersection of the third preset number of battery cells and the abnormal battery cells as the battery cells to be balanced.

[0044] Optionally, the second filtering module includes:

[0045] The extraction submodule is used to extract the discharge segment at the end of the discharge of each cell in the battery within the second preset time period;

[0046] The calculation submodule is used to calculate the voltage ranking and voltage degradation trend of each cell after the discharge is completed;

[0047] The blacklist determination submodule is used to determine the cell blacklist based on the voltage ranking and the voltage degradation trend.

[0048] Optionally, the activation module is specifically used for:

[0049] Based on the active balancing mechanism, a short-term perturbation-type energy activation operation is performed on the target cell to be balanced in order to restore the cell capacity.

[0050] This invention also provides an electronic device, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus. The processor, communication interface, and memory communicate with each other via the communication bus. The memory stores computer programs. When the processor executes the program stored in the memory, it implements any of the above-described reversible capacity recovery methods for battery cells.

[0051] The reversible capacity recovery scheme for battery cells disclosed in this invention, when no battery equalization occurs within a first preset time period and a single cell has at least a first preset number of fully charged segments, determines the resting segment duration corresponding to each fully charged segment; determines a cell selection strategy to be equalized based on the resting segment duration; selects cells to be equalized based on the cell selection strategy and the end voltage change data of at least one fully charged segment; determines a cell blacklist based on the discharge history data of each cell in the battery within a second preset time period; determines the target cell to be equalized by the difference between the cell to be equalized and the cell blacklist; and performs an energy activation operation on the target cell to be equalized to restore cell capacity. The reversible capacity recovery scheme for battery cells provided in this invention, combining machine learning, voltage dynamic feature recognition, and historical data evaluation in an intelligent equalization method, can quickly activate the recoverable capacity of cells through list selection and strategy optimization, thereby improving the available energy and cycle life of the entire battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for reversible capacity recovery of a battery cell according to an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the result of cell capacity recovery using the reversible cell capacity recovery method in this application embodiment;

[0054] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a reversible capacity recovery device for battery cells according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0056] The reversible capacity recovery method for battery cells provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0057] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the reversible capacity recovery method for battery cells in this application includes the following steps:

[0058] Step 101: If no battery equalization occurs within the first preset time period and there are at least a first preset number of fully charged segments in a single battery, determine the resting segment duration corresponding to the fully charged segment.

[0059] Steps 101 to 103 involve modeling based on short-term historical data within a first preset time period, and then selecting cells to be balanced based on the model. The specific value of the first preset time period can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual needs; this embodiment does not impose specific limitations on it. For example, the first preset time period can be set to 7 days, 10 days, or 5 days, etc. The first preset quantity can be set to 3, 4, or 5, etc.

[0060] A feasible criterion for determining a fully charged segment can be set as follows: the battery's State of Charge (SOC) is less than or equal to 60% at the start of charging, and the battery's SOC equals 100% at the end of charging, where SOC represents the percentage of the battery's current remaining capacity. It should be noted that the above is merely an example of a criterion for determining a fully charged segment, and in actual implementation, it is not limited to this.

[0061] Step 102: Determine the cell selection strategy based on the duration of the resting period.

[0062] In practice, different resting periods correspond to different cell selection strategies. The system has at least two preset selection strategies, and the target selection strategy is selected from the preset strategies based on the resting period for cell selection.

[0063] In one feasible implementation, the settling time is compared with a preset time in the system. If it is less than the preset time, filtering strategy one is used; if it is greater than or equal to the preset time, filtering strategy two is used. The preset time can be set to 30 minutes, 35 minutes, or 40 minutes, etc., and this embodiment does not impose specific limitations on it.

[0064] Step 103: Based on the cell selection strategy and the end voltage change data of at least one fully charged segment, select the cells to be balanced.

[0065] An optional process for selecting cells to be balanced based on a selection strategy for cells to be balanced and the end voltage change data of at least one fully charged segment includes the following sub-steps:

[0066] Sub-step 1: When the resting period is less than the preset period, for each fully charged segment within the first preset time period, select a second preset number of cells and the corresponding capacity to be balanced for each cell based on the voltage change segment at the end of the fully charged segment.

[0067] The second preset quantity can be set to 5, 6 or 7, etc., and this application embodiment does not impose specific restrictions on this.

[0068] In the specific implementation process, the total current and single cell voltage information contained in the end voltage change segment of each fully charged segment over the past 7 days can be used to filter out the TOP5 cells to be balanced and calculate the corresponding capacity to be balanced. Each fully charged segment corresponds to one TOP5 cell to be balanced, so n fully charged segments correspond to n TOP5 cells.

[0069] Sub-step 2: Compare the second preset number of cells corresponding to each fully charged segment, and select the first cell of the second preset number.

[0070] In the specific implementation process, the TOP5 cells corresponding to the multiple fully charged segments obtained by screening can be compared and judged to output a unique TOP5 cell and the capacity to be balanced of the TOP5 cell.

[0071] Sub-step 3: For the single cell voltage interrupted during each full charge segment within the first preset time period, filter out the whitelist of cells that can be balanced.

[0072] The middle section of the full charge segment refers to the charging segment where the battery's SOC is between 40% and 70%. The specific rules for selecting the cell whitelist can be flexibly set by those skilled in the art, and this application embodiment does not impose specific restrictions on this.

[0073] Sub-step 4: The intersection of the first cell of the second preset quantity with the cells in the cell whitelist that can be balanced is determined as the cell to be balanced.

[0074] This optional method of determining the cells to be balanced results in a more accurate selection of cells.

[0075] In another optional embodiment, the process of selecting cells to be balanced based on the cell selection strategy and the end voltage change data of at least one fully charged segment includes the following sub-steps:

[0076] Sub-step 1: When the resting period is greater than or equal to the preset period, select a third preset number of cells and the corresponding capacity to be balanced for each cell based on the total current and single cell voltage at the end of the full charge period of the most recent resting period of the battery.

[0077] The third preset quantity can be equal to or unequal to the second preset quantity.

[0078] In actual implementation, the total current and single cell voltage at the end of the full charge segment of the most recent resting segment of the battery can be used to select the TOP5 cells to be balanced and calculate the capacity to be balanced for each cell in the TOP5 cells to be balanced.

[0079] Sub-step 2: For the most recent resting period of the battery, analyze the voltage of the individual cells contained in the resting period to identify abnormal cells.

[0080] In the specific implementation process, the isolated forest algorithm can be used to identify abnormal battery cells. Of course, it is not limited to this; other adaptive algorithms can also be used for abnormal battery cell identification, and this application embodiment does not impose specific restrictions on this.

[0081] Sub-step 3: The intersection of the third preset number of cells and the abnormal cells is determined as the cells to be balanced.

[0082] This optional method of screening cells to be balanced requires minimal computation and yields accurate results.

[0083] Step 104: Determine the cell blacklist based on the discharge history data of each cell in the battery within the second preset time period.

[0084] The second preset time period is longer than the first preset time period. The specific value of the second preset time period can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not impose specific limitations on it. For example, the second preset time period can be set to 2 months, 1 month, or 3 months, etc. In actual implementation, data corresponding to the discharge segment at the end of each cell's discharge can be extracted for analysis. The discharge segment at the end of the discharge is the segment where the battery's SOC is less than or equal to 15%.

[0085] In one optional embodiment, determining the cell blacklist based on the discharge history data of each cell in the battery within a second preset time period may include the following sub-steps:

[0086] Sub-step 1: Extract the discharge segment at the end of the discharge of each cell in the battery within the second preset time period;

[0087] Sub-step 2: Calculate the voltage ranking and voltage degradation trend of each cell after discharge;

[0088] Sub-step 3: Determine the cell blacklist based on voltage ranking and voltage degradation trend.

[0089] In practice, cells with low stability or obvious degradation trends can be identified and a blacklist of cells can be created.

[0090] Step 105: Determine the target cell to be balanced by the difference between the cell to be balanced and the cell blacklist.

[0091] After determining the cells to be balanced in step 103 and the cell blacklist in step 104, the cells to be balanced are screened again based on the cell blacklist, and finally the accurate target cells to be balanced are obtained.

[0092] Step 106: Perform an energy activation operation on the target cell to be balanced in order to restore the cell capacity.

[0093] In actual implementation, when performing energy activation operation on the target cell to be balanced in order to restore the cell capacity, a short-term perturbation-type energy activation operation can be performed on the target cell to be balanced based on the active balancing mechanism to restore the cell capacity.

[0094] Steps 101 to 106 are the process of restoring the reversible capacity of a single cell in a single cycle. In the actual process, the reversible capacity of each cell can be restored in parallel. Moreover, the reversible capacity of the battery cells can be restored cyclically according to preset rules.

[0095] After the cell capacity recovery process is completed, the changes in the cell state after equalization can be tracked as a criterion for whether to perform reversible capacity recovery for the next round of battery cells.

[0096] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the result of cell capacity recovery using the reversible cell capacity recovery method. (Example:) Figure 2 As shown, after restoring the cell capacity of the three cells, cell_289, cell_373, and cell_366, the cumulative dissipated capacity and cumulative dissipated power of the cells were restored, and the balancing time was also extended.

[0097] The reversible capacity recovery method for battery cells provided in this application, when no battery equalization occurs within a first preset time period and a single battery has at least a first preset number of fully charged segments, determines the resting segment duration corresponding to the fully charged segment; determines a cell selection strategy to be equalized based on the resting segment duration; selects cells to be equalized based on the cell selection strategy and the end voltage change data of at least one fully charged segment; determines a cell blacklist based on the discharge history data of each cell in the battery within a second preset time period; determines the target cell to be equalized based on the difference between the cell to be equalized and the cell blacklist; and performs an energy activation operation on the target cell to be equalized to restore cell capacity. This method improves cell capacity utilization by actively identifying reversibly decaying target cells and performing short-term perturbation equalization operations, thus restoring the capacity of some deactivated cells. Secondly, it reduces energy loss: unlike traditional passive equalization methods that directly dissipate the energy of high-voltage cells, the method provided in this application, through refined target cell selection and effective energy transfer path management, reduces the energy cost per unit capacity recovery by more than 30% compared to traditional equalization strategies. Thirdly, it can improve the efficiency of the balancing strategy: by using the isolated forest algorithm to screen target cells and updating the list in real time with short-cycle data, only about 5 cells need to be intervened in each balancing iteration on average, significantly reducing the number of invalid operations. Fourthly, it can avoid erroneous balancing and over-balancing: by establishing a cell blacklist mechanism, irreversible abnormal cells are actively excluded from participating in balancing, which can avoid energy waste and excessive interference.

[0098] Figure 3 The structural block diagram of the reversible capacity recovery device for filter cells in this application embodiment is shown.

[0099] The reversible capacity recovery device for battery cells according to this application includes the following functional modules:

[0100] The first determining module 301 is used to determine the resting segment duration corresponding to the full-charge segment when no battery equalization occurs within the first preset time period and there are at least a first preset number of full-charge segments in a single battery.

[0101] The second determining module 302 is used to determine the cell selection strategy to be balanced based on the duration of the resting segment.

[0102] The first screening module 303 is used to screen out cells to be balanced based on the cell screening strategy and the end voltage change data of at least one fully charged segment.

[0103] The second filtering module 304 is used to determine a cell blacklist based on the discharge history data of each cell in the battery within a second preset time period; wherein the second preset time period is longer than the first preset time period.

[0104] The third determining module 305 is used to determine the target battery cell to be balanced by the difference set between the battery cell to be balanced and the battery cell blacklist.

[0105] The activation module 306 is used to perform an energy activation operation on the target cell to be balanced in order to restore the cell capacity.

[0106] Optionally, the first filtering module includes:

[0107] The first submodule is used to, when the resting segment duration is less than the preset duration, select a second preset number of cells and the corresponding capacity to be balanced for each full-charge segment within the first preset time period based on the end voltage change segment of the full-charge segment.

[0108] The second submodule is used to compare the second preset number of cells corresponding to each fully charged segment and filter out the second preset number of first cells.

[0109] The third submodule is used to filter out a whitelist of cells that can be balanced for the single cell voltage interrupted during each full charge segment within the first preset time period.

[0110] The fourth submodule is used to identify the cells to be balanced by intersecting the second preset number of first cells with the cells in the whitelist of cells that can be balanced.

[0111] Optionally, the first filtering module includes:

[0112] The fifth submodule is used to filter out a third preset number of cells and the corresponding capacity to be balanced for each cell based on the total current and single cell voltage at the end of the most recent resting segment of the battery, when the resting segment duration is greater than or equal to a preset duration.

[0113] The sixth submodule is used to analyze the voltage of individual cells in the most recent resting period of the battery and identify abnormal cells.

[0114] The seventh submodule is used to determine the intersection of the third preset number of battery cells and the abnormal battery cells as the battery cells to be balanced.

[0115] Optionally, the second filtering module includes:

[0116] The extraction submodule is used to extract the discharge segment at the end of the discharge of each cell in the battery within the second preset time period;

[0117] The calculation submodule is used to calculate the voltage ranking and voltage degradation trend of each cell after the discharge is completed;

[0118] The blacklist determination submodule is used to determine the cell blacklist based on the voltage ranking and the voltage degradation trend.

[0119] Optionally, the activation module is specifically used for:

[0120] Based on the active balancing mechanism, a short-term perturbation-type energy activation operation is performed on the target cell to be balanced in order to restore the cell capacity.

[0121] The reversible capacity recovery device for battery cells provided in this application, when no battery equalization occurs within a first preset time period and a single cell has at least a first preset number of fully charged segments, determines the resting segment duration corresponding to the fully charged segment; determines a cell selection strategy to be equalized based on the resting segment duration; selects cells to be equalized based on the cell selection strategy and the end voltage change data of at least one fully charged segment; determines a cell blacklist based on the discharge history data of each cell in the battery within a second preset time period; determines the target cell to be equalized by the difference between the cell to be equalized and the cell blacklist; and performs an energy activation operation on the target cell to be equalized to restore the cell capacity. The reversible capacity recovery device for battery cells provided in this application, combining machine learning, voltage dynamic feature recognition, and historical data evaluation in an intelligent equalization method, can quickly activate the recoverable capacity of cells through list selection and strategy optimization, thereby improving the available energy and cycle life of the entire battery pack.

[0122] The embodiments provided in this application Figure 3 The reversible capacity recovery device for battery cells shown can achieve Figure 1The various processes implemented in the method implementation examples will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0123] This invention also provides an electronic device, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus.

[0124] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0125] When the processor executes the program stored in the memory, it implements the cell reversible capacity recovery method shown in the above method embodiments.

[0126] The communication bus mentioned above can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. This communication bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is used to represent it in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0127] The communication interface is used for communication between the aforementioned terminal and other devices.

[0128] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor.

[0129] In another embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, which stores instructions that, when executed on an electronic device, cause the electronic device to implement any of the reversible capacity recovery methods for battery cells described in the above embodiments.

[0130] In another embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product containing instructions is also provided, which, when run on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to implement any of the reversible capacity recovery methods for battery cells described in the above embodiments.

[0131] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0132] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for reversible capacity recovery of a battery cell, characterized in that, The method includes: If no battery equalization occurs within the first preset time period and there are at least a first preset number of fully charged segments in a single battery, determine the resting segment duration corresponding to the fully charged segment. The selection strategy for the cells to be balanced is determined based on the duration of the resting period. Based on the cell selection strategy to be balanced and the end voltage change data of at least one fully charged segment, cells to be balanced are selected. A cell blacklist is determined based on the discharge history data of each cell in the battery within a second preset time period; wherein the second preset time period is longer than the first preset time period. The difference between the cell to be balanced and the cell blacklist is determined as the target cell to be balanced. An energy activation operation is performed on the target cell to be balanced in order to restore the cell capacity.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of selecting cells to be balanced based on the cell selection strategy and the end voltage change data of at least one fully charged segment includes: If the duration of the resting segment is less than the preset duration, for each fully charged segment within the first preset time period, a second preset number of cells and the corresponding capacity to be balanced for each cell are selected based on the voltage change segment at the end of the fully charged segment. Compare the second preset number of cells corresponding to each fully charged segment, and select the second preset number of first cells; For each cell voltage interrupted during the first preset time period, a whitelist of cells that can be balanced is selected. The intersection of the first battery cell of the second preset quantity and the battery cells in the battery cell whitelist that can be balanced is determined as the battery cell to be balanced.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of selecting cells to be balanced based on the cell selection strategy and the end voltage change data of at least one fully charged segment includes: If the duration of the resting segment is greater than or equal to a preset duration, based on the total current and single cell voltage at the end of the full charge segment of the most recent resting segment of the battery, a third preset number of cells and the corresponding capacity to be balanced for each cell are selected. For the most recent period of battery quilting, the voltage of the individual cells included in the quilting period is analyzed to identify abnormal cells; The intersection of the third preset number of battery cells and the abnormal battery cells is determined as the battery cells to be balanced.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for determining the cell blacklist based on the discharge history data of each cell in the battery within a second preset time period include: Extract the discharge segment at the end of the discharge of each cell in the battery within the second preset time period; Calculate the voltage ranking and voltage degradation trend of each cell after discharge; A blacklist of battery cells is determined based on the voltage ranking and the voltage degradation trend.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing an energy activation operation on the target cell to be balanced to restore the cell capacity includes: Based on the active balancing mechanism, a short-term perturbation-type energy activation operation is performed on the target cell to be balanced in order to restore the cell capacity.

6. A reversible capacity recovery device for battery cells, characterized in that, The device includes: The first determining module is used to determine the resting segment duration corresponding to the full-charge segment when no battery equalization occurs within the first preset time period and there are at least a first preset number of full-charge segments in a single battery. The second determining module is used to determine the cell selection strategy to be balanced based on the duration of the resting segment. The first screening module is used to screen out the cells to be balanced based on the cell screening strategy and the end voltage change data of at least one fully charged segment. The second filtering module is used to determine a cell blacklist based on the discharge history data of each cell in the battery within a second preset time period; wherein the second preset time period is longer than the first preset time period. The third determining module is used to determine the target battery cell to be balanced by the difference set between the battery cell to be balanced and the battery cell blacklist. The activation module is used to perform an energy activation operation on the target battery cell to be balanced in order to restore the cell capacity.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first filtering module includes: The first submodule is used to, when the resting segment duration is less than the preset duration, select a second preset number of cells and the corresponding capacity to be balanced for each full-charge segment within the first preset time period based on the end voltage change segment of the full-charge segment. The second submodule is used to compare the second preset number of cells corresponding to each fully charged segment and filter out the second preset number of first cells. The third submodule is used to filter out a whitelist of cells that can be balanced for the single cell voltage interrupted during each full charge segment within the first preset time period. The fourth submodule is used to identify the cells to be balanced by intersecting the second preset number of first cells with the cells in the whitelist of cells that can be balanced.

8. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first filtering module includes: The fifth submodule is used to filter out a third preset number of cells and the corresponding capacity to be balanced for each cell based on the total current and single cell voltage at the end of the most recent resting segment of the battery, when the resting segment duration is greater than or equal to a preset duration. The sixth submodule is used to analyze the voltage of individual cells in the most recent resting period of the battery and identify abnormal cells. The seventh submodule is used to determine the intersection of the third preset number of battery cells and the abnormal battery cells as the battery cells to be balanced.

9. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second filtering module includes: The extraction submodule is used to extract the discharge segment at the end of the discharge of each cell in the battery within the second preset time period; The calculation submodule is used to calculate the voltage ranking and voltage degradation trend of each cell after the discharge is completed; The blacklist determination submodule is used to determine the cell blacklist based on the voltage ranking and the voltage degradation trend.

10. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The activation module is specifically used for: Based on the active balancing mechanism, a short-term perturbation-type energy activation operation is performed on the target cell to be balanced in order to restore the cell capacity.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus; Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, when executing a program stored in a memory, implements the cell reversible capacity recovery method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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