A single transformer metering switch system

Abstract

The application discloses a single mutual inductor metering switch system, and relates to the field of intelligent power systems.The system comprises a mutual inductor power supply module, a power management module, a main control module and a load module.The mutual inductor power supply module converts the AC energy obtained through induction into DC power.The main control module controls the power management module and the load module to alternately switch between a low-power sleep mode and a high-intensity working mode according to a predetermined time sequence by executing a low-power control strategy.The application can monitor the power and the equipment state in real time by using the power supply of the mutual inductor and a special power control algorithm.The application can not only collect and control local data, but also report the data in real time to realize remote internet-of-things management.Compared with a traditional switch system, the application compresses continuous energy consumption into extremely short pulse consumption, and the equipment completes all complex work in an extremely short time window in a burst mode, and is in an "apparently dead" super-low-power state in the remaining idle time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of intelligent power systems, in particular to a single mutual inductor metering switch system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of power technology and intelligence, the demand for intelligent switches in the field of smart home and industrial automation is increasing. In low-voltage power systems, the demand for intelligence, remote control and data security analysis is increasing, and the power consumption is also increasing. Traditional low-voltage switch devices use linear transformers or switching power supplies for power supply. With the increase of power consumption, heat and volume also increase, which is not conducive to the installation and use safety of switch devices. Traditional low-voltage switch devices cannot meet the requirements of lower power consumption and intelligence. Therefore, it is of great technical and market value to develop a new generation of low-voltage high-performance power-free metering switch and edge computing function switch system. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a single mutual inductor metering switch system, which can take power from the mutual inductor for switch control and detection circuit, and use special low-power algorithm to save power, while supporting data collection and transmission, and realizing intelligent centralized management to solve the problems in the background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a single mutual inductor metering switch system, comprising a mutual inductor power supply module, a power management module, a main control module and a load module, the mutual inductor power supply module converts the AC energy obtained by induction into DC power, and the output end is connected with the input end of the power management module, the power management module comprises a charge and discharge management circuit and an energy storage element, which is used for storing and managing the DC power and supplementing the power when the output power of the mutual inductor power supply module is insufficient, the main control module executes a low-power control strategy to control the power management module and the load module to alternately switch between low-power sleep mode and high-intensity working mode according to a predetermined time sequence, the low-power sleep mode is configured to control the charge and discharge management chip to charge the energy storage element, and the high-intensity working mode is configured to be powered by the energy storage element, and the metering unit is controlled to collect and process power parameters, the low-power control strategy comprises a time synchronization routine for accurately capturing the zero-crossing point of the grid voltage, and dynamically scheduling the switching of the low-power sleep mode and the high-intensity working mode based on the zero-crossing point as the time reference.

[0005] As preferred, the power management module further comprises a power management MOS transistor, which is arranged on the output path of the transformer power supply module, and the main control module switches the working state of the metering unit by controlling the on-off of the MOS transistor. When the MOS transistor is off, the transformer power supply module preferentially charges the energy storage element; when the MOS transistor is on, the metering unit enters the detection state, and the energy storage element supplies power to the load module.

[0006] As preferred, the time synchronization routine comprises using the ADC detection interface of the master control chip in the main control module to sample the power grid voltage signal with a time interval T1 and a duration T2, record the sampled voltage value and time point, and locate the last voltage zero-crossing point. An offset time T3 is set at the same time based on the voltage zero-crossing point, the time T3 is set as the starting point of time, and a period timer of the time sequence is started, and the timer interrupt is used as the trigger signal for the detection state of the metering unit, so as to realize power grid zero-crossing and sampling zero synchronization, and ensure the correctness of data acquisition and the accuracy of metering sampling.

[0007] As preferred, at the beginning of each detection state, the ADC detection interface of the master control chip captures the first zero-crossing point signal, records the sampled voltage value and time point, stops sampling when the next zero-crossing point is detected, and dynamically calibrates the period timer according to the deviation between the actual sampled zero-crossing point time and the expected time of the timer.

[0008] As preferred, the low-power consumption control strategy further comprises a data restoration routine for processing the intermittent power parameter data obtained by sampling, restoring the data of the missing period, using the periodicity and relative stability of the power signal, taking the data form of the last period as a basic template, and dynamically modifying and "stretching" the template according to the data change trend of the latest collection period, so as to intelligently predict the data of the missing period, generate continuous monitoring data flow, and realize real-time monitoring and control of the entire power grid by the switching device.

[0009] As preferred, the data restoration routine adopts at least one of weighted average, difference algorithm and linear interpolation.

[0010] As preferred, the load module comprises controlled peripherals, a communication unit and a display unit, and the communication unit comprises wireless Bluetooth communication.

[0011] As preferred, the low-power consumption control strategy further comprises a time-sharing multiplexing routine for controlling the power consumption of the load module and the master control chip, maintaining continuous connection discoverability with external devices, controlling the communication unit to enter a low-power consumption listening mode and closing the power supply channel of the unit module during non-communication and non-display periods, and only awakening the corresponding functional unit when data transmission or display update is required.

[0012] As preferred, the predetermined time sequence is set to control the on-off of the MOS tube with a period of 40 ms, so that the metering unit performs cyclic work, and a single cycle includes a 20 ms power supply state and a 20 ms detection state.

[0013] As preferred, the energy storage element comprises a super capacitor or a rechargeable button cell.

[0014] In summary, the present application has the following advantages:

[0015] The switch device can monitor the electric energy and the device state in real time, process local data, realize intelligent control of the local device, improve the response speed and autonomy of the device, and realize remote Internet of Things management by combining wired and wireless communication networks, compared with the traditional switch system, the continuous energy consumption is compressed into a very short pulse consumption, and the device completes all complex work in a very short time window, and in the remaining idle time, the device is in a "false death" state of ultra-low power consumption, and the device accumulates energy for the next burst, forming a reciprocating cycle highly optimized energy-saving working mode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 The present application is a single mutual inductor metering switch system overall flow framework schematic diagram;

[0018] Figure 2 The present application is a single mutual inductor metering switch system overall flow framework schematic diagram;

[0019] Figure 3 The present application is a single mutual inductor metering switch system overall flow framework schematic diagram;

[0020] Figure 4 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a single transformer metering switch system according to the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The application will be further described in details with reference to the drawings, obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments, based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by the ordinary skilled in the art without making creative efforts are within the protection scope of the present application, the drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, only schematically show the basic structure of the present application, thus only show the components related to the present application.

[0022] In order to understand the present application, the present application will be described in details with reference to the related drawings, the drawings show several embodiments of the present application, however, the present application can be realized in many different forms, not limited to the embodiments described herein, on the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0023] All the features disclosed in the specification, or all the steps of the disclosed methods or processes, can be combined in any manner, except for the mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

[0024] Any feature disclosed in the specification, except for mutually exclusive combinations of features and / or steps, or any step of the disclosed methods or processes, can be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose unless specifically stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a range of equivalent or similar features.

[0025] In the present application, unless otherwise specifically stated and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting", "fixed", and the like should be interpreted broadly, for example, can be fixed connection, can be detachable connection, or integrated; can be mechanical connection, can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, can be internal communication of at least two elements or interaction relationship between at least two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited. For the ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] The present application will be described in details below Figures 1-4 The present application provides an embodiment: a single transformer metering switch system, comprising a transformer power supply module, a power management module, a main control module and a load module.

[0027] The transformer power supply module comprises a standard metering transformer, and a full-wave rectification circuit connected to the output end of the transformer power supply module.

[0028] The power management module is configured to store and manage the DC power and to provide supplementary power when the output power of the transformer power supply module is insufficient.

[0029] The load module comprises controlled peripherals, a communication unit and a display unit, and the communication unit comprises wireless Bluetooth communication.

[0030] The main control module is configured to execute a low-power consumption control strategy to control the power management module and the load module to alternately switch between a low-power consumption sleep mode and a high-intensity working mode according to a predetermined time sequence.

[0031] The main control chip is configured to adopt a low-power consumption MCU to save power when the chip is working, and to consume less power in the energy-saving mode to ensure energy saving and normal working of the entire device.

[0032] The load module comprises controlled peripherals, a communication unit and a display unit, and the communication unit comprises wireless Bluetooth communication.

[0033] It is worth mentioning that the low-power consumption control strategy in the embodiment comprises a time synchronization routine, a time-sharing multiplexing routine and a data restoration routine.

[0034] The time synchronization routine is configured to accurately capture the zero-crossing point of the grid voltage by using the induced current change generated by the transformer, to realize grid zero-crossing point and sampling zero synchronization by using a high-precision clock circuit, to ensure the correctness of data acquisition and the accuracy of metering sampling, and to dynamically schedule the switching of the low-power consumption sleep mode and the high-intensity working mode by taking the zero-crossing point as a time reference.

[0035] Specifically, the main control module in the main chip ADC detection interface is used to set the time interval T1 and the duration T2 to sample the grid voltage signal, record the sampling voltage value and time point, and locate the last voltage zero crossing point, set an offset time T3 based on the voltage zero crossing point, set the time start point by forward offset T3, and start a cycle timer of the time sequence, and use the timer interrupt as the trigger signal of the detection state of the metering unit to realize the synchronization of grid zero crossing and sampling zero.

[0036] For example, the current generated by the transformer is sent to the main control chip through the sampling resistance and amplification circuit, and the high-precision ADC detection interface of the main control chip is used to detect the voltage every 20us, and the grid signal is continuously detected for 30ms, and the time and voltage value are recorded each time, then the point where the last detected voltage value is zero is found, the time is recorded, and the time is moved forward by 10us as the time start point, the timer is set for 40ms, and the timer is started to detect the signal from the zero crossing point during the working sampling.

[0037] It should be noted that, in order to ensure the synchronization of detection time and timer time, in this embodiment, when each detection state starts, the ADC detection interface of the main control chip captures the first zero crossing point signal, and records the sampling voltage value and time point, and when the next zero crossing point is detected, the sampling is stopped, and according to the deviation of the actual sampled zero crossing point time and the expected time of the timer, the cycle timer is dynamically calibrated.

[0038] For example, when the timer is set for 40ms during normal operation, the ADC starts to detect the voltage once, and when the zero crossing point is detected, the ADC interface starts to normally collect the grid signal and record the time and value, and when the zero crossing point is detected again, the ADC stops detecting data, and the recorded data is processed to find the position of the last zero crossing point, and then the detection time and the timer time are compared, if the zero crossing point deviates, the timer is modified to ensure time synchronization, and a cycle waveform can be accurately collected each time, and the main control chip resources are not wasted.

[0039] The time division multiplexing routine is used to control the power consumption of the load module and the master control chip. The power generated by the transformer is used to power the circuit and detect the grid signal. In order to ensure that both power supply and detection are achieved, the transformer power supply and detection are time division multiplexed. According to the zero-crossing point as the starting point, one cycle is used to power the circuit and charge the energy storage element, and the next cycle is used for grid signal detection. This alternating process balances the two. A single cycle includes a 20ms power supply state and a 20ms detection state. In order to save power as much as possible, the master control chip and peripheral circuit are in sleep or low power consumption configuration when not in use, and the interrupt is running to ensure continuous operation of the circuit and maintain continuous connection with external devices. The communication unit enters low-power listening mode and closes the power supply channel of the unit module during non-communication and non-display periods. Only when data needs to be sent or the display needs to be updated, the corresponding functional unit is awakened.

[0040] The data restoration routine is used to process the intermittent power parameter data obtained by sampling, restore the missing period data, and use the periodicity and relative stability of the power signal to use the data form of the last period as a basic template and dynamically correct and "stretch" the template according to the data trend of the latest collection period. Thus, the missing period data is intelligently predicted to generate continuous monitoring data flow, realize real-time monitoring and control of the entire power grid by the switching device, and ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data. The data is used to realize real-time display of voltage, current, power and state, and control the switch to ensure normal operation of the power grid equipment.

[0041] In specific operation, the switch is powered on, and the transformer generates an induced current. After full-wave rectification, it is connected to the power management MOS tube and the charge-discharge power management chip. When the transformer is powered, the MOS tube is disconnected to ensure that the power can be accumulated and to power the power chip. Before the main chip works, the MOS tube is also disconnected by default. The charge-discharge management chip is in the charging state by default. The circuit is as follows Figure 2As shown, the main chip enters the initialization state after power supply, first controls the MOS tube of power management to keep off state, lets the transformer can continuously power supply for the circuit, at the same time, the charge and discharge management chip continuously works in the charging state, makes the energy storage device can charge enough electricity, the main chip initializes internal data and parameters, initializes the metering chip, and then lets it enter the sleep mode, so as to reduce the power consumption, initializes the wired interface of the peripheral, opens the receiving, prohibits the sending, initializes the wireless Bluetooth device, configures in the low power consumption mode, so that it can be found and paired by the external device, initializes the display unit, closes the display channel after sending the display data, and opens it when there is display data;

[0042] The timer interrupt is set, the time is 20us, the MOS tube is turned on, the zero crossing point of the power grid is found within 30ms, after the zero crossing point is determined, the timer is modified to 20ms interrupt at 10us before the zero crossing point, the MOS tube is turned off, and the circuit works in the transformer power supply state;

[0043] The MOS tube is turned on at 40ms interrupt, so that the transformer is in the detection state, the energy storage device is configured to power the circuit, the main chip exits the low power consumption mode, the metering chip exits the sleep mode, and waits for the zero crossing signal to be detected, and then the metering chip and the main chip start sampling work, the main chip reads the metering data of the metering chip, processes the electric energy data, displays the data, and sends the communication data;

[0044] After waiting for the next zero crossing signal to be detected, the metering chip stops collecting, reads the metering data, processes the electric energy data, and saves the data. The main chip recalibrates the timer according to the collected zero crossing point time offset. The MOS tube is turned off, so that the transformer is in the power supply state, the energy storage device is configured to charge, the metering chip enters the sleep mode, and the main chip enters the low power consumption mode;

[0045] The next 40ms interrupt returns to G to run in a loop.

[0046] Next, taking a specific application scenario as an example, the intelligent industrial workshop lighting loop monitoring and protection;

[0047] Energy storage element: super capacitor

[0048] Communication unit: low power consumption Bluetooth (BLE)

[0049] Load module: including relay (controlled peripheral), BLE module, LCD display unit (used for local display of voltage, current and power)

[0050] Main control chip: ultra-low power consumption MCU (such as TI's MSP430 series or ST's STM32L0 series)

[0051] Initial state:

[0052] When the system is first powered on, the supercapacitor is low on power, and the MOSFET is in the default off state. All the electrical energy sensed by the current transformer is used to charge the supercapacitor through the charge / discharge management chip. After the main control chip initializes, it controls the peripheral units to enter low-power mode and enters sleep mode itself, keeping only the timer interrupt active.

[0053] Synchronization and charging phase (first cycle)

[0054] Time synchronization routine startup: The main control MCU is woken up by the timer interrupt, turns on the MOSFET, and puts the system into a 20ms "detection state" (in fact, the first stage is used for synchronization).

[0055] The MCU's ADC interface begins sampling the rectified transformer voltage signal at an extremely high frequency (e.g., once every 20µs).

[0056] During continuous sampling, the MCU accurately captures the zero-crossing point of the grid voltage and sets this point forward by T3 (e.g., 10us) as the reference starting point for the entire time series.

[0057] After synchronization is complete, the MCU immediately disconnects the MOSFET, switching the system to a 20ms "power supply state". At this time, the power generated by the current transformer is no longer used for detection, but is prioritized for charging the supercapacitor. The MCU then enters low-power sleep mode again, waiting for a 40ms periodic timer interrupt.

[0058] Step Two: Normal alternating cycle operation (taking the second cycle as an example)

[0059] Timer interrupt trigger (40ms): MCU wakes up and turns on the MOSFET. The system enters a 20ms "high-intensity working mode" (detection state).

[0060] The supercapacitor begins to power the entire system (MCU, metering unit, communication unit, etc.).

[0061] The MCU and metering unit are fully activated and ready for action.

[0062] Data Acquisition: The MCU's ADC starts sampling the mains voltage and current signals with high precision for a full cycle (20ms) from a predetermined zero-crossing reference.

[0063] Data processing and restoration:

[0064] Scenario Trigger: During this sampling period, a large CNC machine tool in the workshop suddenly started, causing a brief voltage drop and current surge in the power grid.

[0065] MCU reads the abnormal data of this sampling: the voltage RMS value drops from 220V to 210V, and the current RMS value instantaneously rises to 7.5A.

[0066] Data restoration routine works: since the system samples once every other period, the data of the last period (40ms ago) is "voltage 220V, current 5.1A" (normal state). The data restoration algorithm (such as using weighted average and difference algorithm) fuses and corrects the normal waveform data of the last period with the abnormal trend of this period, intelligently generates the estimated data of the missing period (20ms-40ms), and judges that it is a sudden transient abnormality, not a slow change.

[0067] Decision and action:

[0068] MCU judges that the current has exceeded the set safety threshold (6A) according to the continuous (measured + restored) data stream.

[0069] It immediately controls the relay to disconnect, cuts off the lighting circuit, and realizes the protection function.

[0070] Time division multiplexing routine works: MCU wakes up the display unit only when it needs to act, and flashes "overcurrent protection" and "7.5A" on the LCD; at the same time, it wakes up the Bluetooth module, packages the "overcurrent alarm" information and key data, and sends them to the gateway host in the workshop.

[0071] Period end and switching: the 20ms detection state ends, MCU disconnects the MOS tube, and the system switches back to the 20ms "low-power sleep mode" (power supply state), the transformer again fully charges the super capacitor with the energy just consumed, and the MCU sleeps.

[0072] Step three: remote interaction

[0073] The workshop administrator's mobile phone APP (through the Bluetooth gateway) receives the alarm push.

[0074] The administrator arrives at the scene to check and confirms that it is caused by the start of the machine tool, and no maintenance is needed.

[0075] The administrator sends a "reset and close" command to the switch system through the mobile phone APP.

[0076] The Bluetooth module receives the command and wakes up the MCU.

[0077] MCU performs the relay closing operation in the next working period, and the lighting circuit resumes power supply. The system continues to run normally and continues to monitor.

[0078] Therefore, the application has the following advantages in the above specific operation examples

[0079] No power line supply: The entire system does not need to be connected to a separate power line, directly from the measured cable transformer power, simplifying the installation process, reduce the cost of wiring.

[0080] Low power consumption and energy balance: Through time multiplexing and alternating switching strategy, the contradiction between "detection" and "self-power supply" is perfectly solved. Even in intermittent work, it can also ensure stable operation through super capacitor.

[0081] Intelligent data restoration: In the face of instantaneous exceptions in the case, the data restoration algorithm ensures that the system will not miss key events due to interval sampling, generating continuous and accurate data flow for decision-making, avoiding misjudgment (such as considering it as slow overload) or missing judgment.

[0082] High-precision measurement: Time synchronization routine ensures that each sampling starts from the zero-crossing point, capturing the complete waveform, and the calculated voltage, current, power and other parameters are much more accurate than random sampling systems.

[0083] Intelligent and remote management: Integrated edge computing capabilities (such as determining whether to overcurrent) and wireless communication functions, enabling truly intelligent monitoring, protection and remote management, meeting the needs of industrial Internet of Things.

[0084] The above is only a specific implementation of the invention, but the protection scope of the invention is not limited to this. Any changes or substitutions without creative labor should be covered within the protection scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention should be limited to the protection scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A single transformer metering switch system comprising a transformer power supply module, a power management module, a master control module and a load module, characterized in that: The transformer power supply module converts the AC energy obtained by induction into DC energy, and the output end is connected with the input end of the power management module, the power management module includes a charge-discharge management circuit and an energy storage element, for storing and managing the DC energy, and supplementing power supply when the output power of the transformer power supply module is insufficient, the main control module executes a low-power control strategy to control the power management module and the load module to alternately switch between a low-power sleep mode and a high-intensity working mode according to a predetermined time sequence, the low-power sleep mode is configured to control the charge-discharge management chip to charge the energy storage element, and the high-intensity working mode is configured to supply power to the energy storage element, and control the metering unit to collect and process power parameters, the low-power control strategy includes a time synchronization routine for accurately capturing the zero-crossing point of the grid voltage, and dynamically scheduling the switching of the low-power sleep mode and the high-intensity working mode based on the zero-crossing point as the time reference, the method of the time synchronization routine includes using the ADC detection interface of the main control chip to set a time interval T1 and a duration T2 to sample the grid voltage signal, record the sampling voltage value and the time point, and locate the last voltage zero-crossing point, set an offset time T3 based on the voltage zero-crossing point, set the time start point by forward shifting T3, and start a cycle timer of the time sequence, and use the timer interrupt as the trigger signal of the detection state of the metering unit to realize the synchronization of the grid zero-crossing point and sampling zero.

2. A single transformer metering switch system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management module further includes a power management MOS tube, the MOS tube is arranged on the output path of the transformer power supply module, and the main control module switches the working state of the metering unit by controlling the on-off of the MOS tube, when the MOS tube is disconnected, the transformer power supply module preferentially charges the energy storage element, and when the MOS tube is turned on, the metering unit enters the detection state, and the energy storage element supplies power to the load module.

3. A single transformer metering switch system according to claim 2, characterized in that: At the beginning of each detection state, the ADC detection interface of the main control chip captures the first zero-crossing point signal, records the sampling voltage value and the time point, stops sampling when the next zero-crossing point is detected, and dynamically calibrates the cycle timer according to the deviation between the actual sampling zero-crossing point time and the expected time of the timer.

4. A single transformer metering switch system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The low-power control strategy further includes a data restoration routine for processing the intermittent power parameter data obtained by sampling, restoring the data of the missing period, using the periodicity and relative stability of the power signal, taking the data form of the last period as a basic template, and dynamically modifying and "stretching" the template according to the data change trend of the latest collection period, so as to intelligently predict the data of the missing period, to generate continuous monitoring data flow, and realize real-time monitoring and control of the entire power grid by the switching device.

5. A single transformer metering switch system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data restoration routine uses at least one of weighted average, difference algorithm and linear interpolation.

6. A single transformer metering switch system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The load module includes controlled peripherals, a communication unit and a display unit, the communication unit includes wireless Bluetooth communication.

7. A single transformer metering switch system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The low-power consumption control strategy further comprises a time-sharing multiplexing routine for controlling the power consumption of the load module and the master control chip, maintaining continuous connection discoverability with external devices, controlling the communication unit to enter a low-power consumption listening mode and closing the power supply channel of the unit module during a non-communication and non-display period, and only awakening the corresponding functional unit when data needs to be transmitted or the display needs to be updated.

8. A single transformer metering switch system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The predetermined time sequence is set to control the on-off of the MOS tube with a period of 40 ms, so that the metering unit performs cyclic work. A single cycle includes a 20 ms power supply state and a 20 ms detection state.

9. A single transformer metering switch system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage element comprises a super capacitor or a rechargeable button cell.

Images