Integrated motor and method of assembling the same

Abstract

The application discloses an integrated motor and an assembling method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of motors. The motor specifically comprises a disc motor assembly, a fan and an adjusting assembly. The disc motor assembly comprises a base, a stator assembly, a rotor assembly, a rotating shaft and a bearing. The base is provided with a plurality of air ducts in the circumferential direction. The fan is internally formed with a wind guide chamber, which is communicated with the air ducts. The adjusting assembly is arranged on the air ducts and is used for adjusting the opening area of the air ducts according to temperature changes. When the motor rotates at a high speed and the temperature is high, the adjusting assembly drives the opening area of the air ducts to expand, effectively reduces the resistance of the heat dissipation airflow, and reduces the kinetic energy loss of the air volume. When the motor rotates at a low speed and the temperature is low, the adjusting assembly drives the opening area of the air ducts to shrink, guides the airflow to be discharged from the air ducts, and improves the directivity and utilization efficiency of the heat dissipation airflow.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric machines, in particular to an integrated electric machine and an assembling method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The magnetic flux of an axial flux electric machine is distributed and closed along the direction of the machine axis, and the stator and rotor are usually arranged oppositely in a planar disc structure. The magnetic force lines pass through the gap between the stator and the rotor in the axial direction, so that the overall structure is flat and compact. This not only shortens the magnetic flux path and improves the utilization rate of the magnetic field, but also makes the electric machine have high power density and torque density, and can output higher torque in the same volume. It is especially suitable for application scenarios with strict requirements on space and weight, such as electric vehicle hub drives and robot joints.

[0003] The disc-type electric machine usually uses a composite material as a support for the rotor structure, and the heat conduction performance of the composite material is generally poor. The heat generated by the rotor under high-speed operation or heavy load conditions is difficult to dissipate in time, and heat accumulation is easily formed inside the electric machine. High temperature can easily cause the magnetic steel to demagnetize. Once the magnetic steel demagnetizes, the magnetic field strength of the electric machine will weaken, the output torque will decrease, and even the control system will have errors. In severe cases, it will affect the running stability and safety of the entire system.

[0004] In the prior art, a heat dissipation fan is usually arranged at one end of the shaft of the disc-type electric machine to actively dissipate heat. However, the heat dissipation requirements of the disc-type electric machine are different under different working modes. When the speed of the electric machine is high and the temperature is high, and the size of the air guide opening is small, the fan has high output air volume and high air pressure, which can easily cause congestion in the air outlet channel, increase the ventilation resistance, limit the airflow velocity, and weaken the heat dissipation efficiency. When the speed of the electric machine is low and the temperature of the electric machine is low, and the size of the air guide opening is large, the fan has low output air volume and low air pressure, the airflow cannot be effectively guided, the air speed is slow, and the heat is not easily dissipated, resulting in low heat dissipation efficiency.

[0005] In summary, the air guide opening of the existing electric machine air cooling system is usually of a fixed structure, and it is necessary to provide an air duct structure that can automatically adjust according to the speed to improve the overall performance. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to provide an integrated electric machine and an assembling method thereof to solve the technical problem that the air guide opening of the existing electric machine cooling system is usually of a fixed structure and cannot effectively dissipate heat according to different working modes of the electric machine, resulting in low heat dissipation efficiency of the electric machine.

[0007] To achieve this purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] An integrated motor includes a disc motor assembly, a fan, and an adjustment assembly. The disc motor assembly includes a base, a stator assembly, a rotor assembly, a shaft, and bearings. The stator assembly is mounted on the base, and the rotor assembly is coaxially arranged with the shaft. The shaft is rotatably mounted on the base via the bearings. The base has multiple air ducts along its circumference. The fan is mounted on the side of the base away from the stator assembly. The fan is coaxially connected to the shaft and rotates with it. An air guide chamber is formed inside the fan and communicates with the air ducts. The adjustment assembly is disposed on the air ducts and is used to adjust the opening area of ​​the air ducts according to temperature changes. Specifically, when the ambient temperature around the motor increases, the adjustment assembly drives the opening area of ​​the air ducts to expand; when the ambient temperature around the motor decreases, the adjustment assembly drives the opening area of ​​the air ducts to shrink.

[0009] Optionally, the air duct includes a first side plate and a second side plate, the first side plate and the second side plate are arranged along a first direction, wherein the first direction is parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft, the adjustment assembly includes an air guide plate and a rotating part, the rotating part is disposed on the second side plate, the air guide plate is rotatably mounted on the rotating part, and a heat dissipation air duct is formed between the air guide plate and the first side plate.

[0010] Optionally, the rotating part includes a fixed plate and a steering component. The fixed plate is disposed in the air duct, and the steering component includes a steering rod and a driving component. The air guide plate is provided with a through hole and is rotatably installed with the steering rod through the through hole. The driving component is disposed on the second side plate and is used to drive the air guide plate to slide along the upper surface of the fixed plate according to the ambient temperature of the motor.

[0011] Optionally, the fixed plate is provided with an arc-shaped limiting groove, and the air guide plate is provided with a limiting rod at one end near the steering rod, the limiting rod being slidably installed in the limiting groove.

[0012] Optionally, the limiting groove is provided with a first groove wall, a second groove wall, a first limiting end, and a second limiting end. The first groove wall and the second groove wall are both smooth arc surfaces. The first limiting end and the second limiting end are respectively located at the two ends of the limiting groove. The distance between the first groove wall and the second groove wall at the first limiting end is greater than the distance between the first groove wall and the second groove wall at the second limiting end. The limiting rod slides along the first groove wall and the second groove wall.

[0013] Optionally, both the first and second groove walls are horizontally recessed with slide rails, and ball bearings are disposed in the slide rails. The outer circumferential surface of the limiting rod abuts against the ball bearings.

[0014] Optionally, the driving component is configured as a thermosensitive shape memory alloy, with one end fixed to the second side plate and the other end fixed to the air guide plate.

[0015] Optionally, the air guide plate includes a first guide plate, a second guide plate, and a third guide plate. Viewed from a second direction, the width of the third guide plate is greater than the width of the first guide plate. The second direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the heat dissipation air passage and points to and passes through the axis of the rotating shaft. The second guide plate is an arc plate that uniformly connects the first guide plate and the third guide plate.

[0016] Optionally, the third guide plate is a rectangular plate, and when the limiting rod is located at the second limiting end, the third guide plate is parallel to the first side plate.

[0017] Optionally, the base is made of aluminum alloy or composite material to improve heat dissipation and reduce the overall weight of the machine.

[0018] Optionally, the fan blades are arc-shaped or sickle-shaped to increase airflow and reduce airflow noise.

[0019] Optionally, the regulating component is electrically connected to a temperature sensor, which is used to monitor the motor winding temperature or the ambient temperature.

[0020] Optionally, the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the alarm module. When the temperature of the motor windings or the ambient temperature exceeds the preset value, the alarm module outputs an audible and visual alarm signal.

[0021] An assembly method for assembling an integrated motor as described above includes the following steps:

[0022] Step S1: Prepare the base, stator assembly, rotor assembly, shaft, bearing, fan, and adjustment assembly of the disc motor assembly; install the bearing in the corresponding bearing hole of the base, and install the shaft through the bearing so that the shaft can rotate relative to the base;

[0023] Step S2: Fix the stator assembly on the base, ensure that its winding is correctly positioned, lead out the cable or lead-out end through the reserved through hole, coaxially mount the rotor assembly on the shaft, and maintain a reasonable air gap between it and the stator assembly to ensure that the rotation does not interfere.

[0024] Step S3: Install the fan on the side of the base away from the stator assembly, so that the fan is coaxially connected to the shaft and rotates synchronously with the shaft. During the installation process, the fan and the shaft are firmly connected by fasteners, keyways or interference fits to ensure stable rotation.

[0025] Step S4: Install the adjustment component on the air duct and rotatably connect it to the air duct so that the adjustment component can adjust the opening area of ​​the air duct according to the temperature change around the motor.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] This invention incorporates an adjustment component on the air duct to adjust the duct opening area according to different motor operating modes. When the motor speed is high and the temperature is high, the fan outputs a large air volume and high air pressure. The adjustment component drives the duct opening area to expand, effectively reducing airflow resistance and minimizing kinetic energy loss. Conversely, when the speed is low and the motor temperature is low, the fan outputs a small air volume and low air pressure. The adjustment component drives the duct opening area to shrink, guiding the airflow to concentrate and exit from the duct, improving the directionality and utilization efficiency of the cooling airflow, and ensuring effective motor cooling under low airflow conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the motor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the motor with the fan cover hidden according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the motor adjustment assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hidden structure of the air guide plate of the adjustment component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another state structure of the motor adjustment component provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Illustrations: 10. Disc motor assembly; 110. Base; 111. Air duct; 112. First side plate; 113. Second side plate; 120. Stator assembly; 130. Rotor assembly; 140. Shaft; 150. Bearing; 20. Fan; 210. Air guide chamber; 30. Adjustment assembly; 310. Air guide plate; 311. Through hole; 312. Limiting rod; 313. First guide plate; 314. Second guide plate; 315. Third guide plate; 320. Rotating part; 321. Fixing plate; 322. Steering component; 323. Limiting groove; 40. Heat dissipation duct; 51. Steering rod; 52. Drive component; 61. First groove wall; 62. Second groove wall; 63. First limiting end; 64. Second limiting end; 71. Slide rail; 72. Ball bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. It should be noted that when a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be a component positioned centrally in the connection.

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the motor provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the motor with the fan cover hidden according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the motor adjustment assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hidden structure of the air guide plate of the adjustment component provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another state structure of the motor adjustment component provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] The integrated motor provided in this embodiment is applied to scenarios where energy saving and high efficiency are achieved through adjustable speed technology in air conditioners, electric vehicles, and power tools. In this embodiment, by improving the structure of the integrated motor, when the motor speed is high and the temperature is high, the opening area of ​​the air duct driven by the adjustment component is expanded, which effectively reduces the resistance of the heat dissipation airflow and reduces the kinetic energy loss of the airflow. When the speed is low and the motor temperature is low, the opening area of ​​the air duct driven by the adjustment component is reduced, which guides the airflow to concentrate and be discharged from the air duct, thereby improving the guidance and utilization efficiency of the heat dissipation airflow.

[0043] Please see Figures 1-7 The integrated motor provided in this embodiment includes a disc motor assembly 10, a fan 20, and an adjustment assembly 30. The disc motor assembly 10 includes a base 110, a stator assembly 120, a rotor assembly 130, a rotating shaft 140, and a bearing 150. The stator assembly 120 is mounted on the base 110, and the rotor assembly 130 is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft 140. The rotating shaft 140 is rotatably mounted on the base 110 through the bearing 150. The base 110 has multiple air ducts 111 along the circumferential direction. The fan 20 is mounted on the base 110 away from the stator. On one side of the sub-component 120, the fan 20 is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft 140 and rotates with the rotating shaft 140. The fan 20 has an air guide chamber 210 inside, which is connected to the air duct 111. The adjustment component 30 is disposed on the air duct 111. The adjustment component 30 is used to adjust the opening area of ​​the air duct 111 according to the temperature change. When the temperature around the motor rises, the adjustment component 30 drives the opening area of ​​the air duct 111 to expand, and when the temperature around the motor decreases, the adjustment component 30 drives the opening area of ​​the air duct 111 to shrink.

[0044] Specifically, the disc motor assembly 10 adopts an axial flux structure, in which the magnetic flux direction between the stator and rotor is distributed axially along the shaft 140, thereby achieving a thinner structural design and a shorter heat conduction path. Compared with traditional radial flux motors, this structure has higher power density and thermal efficiency per unit volume, making it suitable for space-constrained but heat-intensive industrial drives or precision control applications. The disc motor assembly 10 includes a base 110, a stator assembly 120, a rotor assembly 130, a shaft 140, and bearings 150. The stator assembly 120 is fixedly installed inside the base 110, and the rotor assembly 130 is coaxially fixed with the shaft 140. The shaft 140 is rotatably supported on the base 110 via bearings 150. Bearings 150 can be conventional deep groove ball bearings, angular contact ball bearings, or magnetic levitation bearings, depending on the load requirements and speed rating. The types of bearings 150 mentioned above are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0045] To improve the cooling effect of the motor during operation, the base 110 is provided with multiple air ducts 111 along its outer periphery. The air ducts 111 are ventilation structures located on the outer wall of the base 110, used to guide the airflow generated by the fan 20 along a preset path, thereby enhancing the overall heat dissipation capacity of the motor. The fan 20 is installed on the side of the base 110 away from the stator assembly 120, i.e., the back of the motor, coaxially connected to the shaft 140 and rotating synchronously with the shaft 140. An air guide chamber 210 is formed inside the fan 20. The air guide chamber 210 is a cavity structure that guides the concentrated airflow through a pressure difference generated by the fan 20 impeller. The air guide chamber 210 communicates with the multiple air ducts 111 on the base 110, enabling the fan 20 to rotate and achieve directional cooling of the motor's interior and casing.

[0046] In practical use, when the motor speed is high and the temperature is high, the fan 20 rotates at a high speed, outputs a large air volume and high air pressure, and the regulating component 30 drives the opening area of ​​the air duct 111 to expand, so that the airflow flows smoothly from the air guide chamber 210 to the heat dissipation channel, effectively reducing wind resistance, avoiding airflow accumulation caused by channel congestion, reducing airflow kinetic energy loss, and improving heat dissipation flux and heat exchange efficiency. When the speed is slow and the motor temperature is low, the fan 20 outputs a small air volume and low air pressure, and the regulating component 30 drives the opening area of ​​the air duct 111 to shrink, guiding the airflow to concentrate and be discharged from the air duct 111, improving the guidance and utilization efficiency of the heat dissipation airflow, and ensuring the cooling effect of the motor under low air volume conditions.

[0047] Furthermore, the air duct 111 includes a first side plate 112 and a second side plate 113, which are arranged along a first direction, wherein the first direction is parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft 140. The adjustment assembly 30 includes an air guide plate 310 and a rotating part 320, which is disposed on the second side plate 113. The air guide plate 310 is rotatably mounted on the rotating part 320, and a heat dissipation air duct 40 is formed between the air guide plate 310 and the first side plate 112. Specifically, the air duct 111 includes a first side plate 112 and a second side plate 113, both of which extend along a first direction, which is parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft 140. The adjustment component 30 is disposed on the air duct 111 and is used to adjust the actual ventilation opening size, i.e., the size of the heat dissipation air duct 40, according to the working mode of the motor. The rotating part 320 is disposed on the second side plate 113 and is a mechanism for connecting the air guide plate 310. The air guide plate 310 is rotatably mounted on the rotating part 320, and its free end can swing around the rotating part 320 to adjust the distance between the air guide plate 310 and the first side plate 112, thereby changing the opening size of the heat dissipation air duct 40 formed in the air duct 111.

[0048] When the motor speed is high and the temperature is high, the fan 20 outputs a large air volume and high air pressure. The rotating part 320 drives the air guide plate 310 away from the first side plate 112, increasing the flow area of ​​the heat dissipation air passage 40, reducing airflow resistance, and improving the overall heat exchange efficiency. When the speed is slow and the motor temperature is low, the fan 20 outputs a small air volume and low air pressure. The rotating part 320 drives the air guide plate 310 closer to the first side plate 112, causing the opening of the air passage 111 to contract. This helps to concentrate the limited airflow, enhance the guidance and utilization of the heat dissipation channel, and thus ensure good heat dissipation effect at low wind speeds.

[0049] Furthermore, the rotating part 320 includes a fixed plate 321 and a steering component 322. The fixed plate 321 is disposed within the air duct 111, and the steering component 322 includes a steering rod 51 and a driving component 52. The air guide plate 310 is provided with a through hole 311 and is rotatably mounted to the steering rod 51 through the through hole 311. The driving component 52 is disposed on the second side plate 113 and is used to drive the air guide plate 310 to slide along the upper end face of the fixed plate 321 according to the ambient temperature of the motor. Specifically, the rotating part 320 includes a fixed plate 321 and a steering component 322. The fixed plate 321 is disposed inside the air duct 111 and serves as a support and sliding reference surface. Its material can be high-strength engineering plastic or high-temperature resistant metal material to ensure good structural stability and dimensional accuracy under long-term airflow scouring or temperature fluctuation conditions.

[0050] The steering component 322 includes a steering rod 51 and a driving component 52. The steering rod 51 is a transmission rod connecting the air guide plate 310 and the driving mechanism. One end of the steering rod passes through the through hole 311 on the air guide plate 310 and is rotatably connected to the air guide plate 310, so that the air guide plate 310 can swing or slide slightly around the axis of the through hole 311. The air guide plate 310 is a movable baffle provided at the opening of the air duct 111. The air guide plate 310 can be made of aluminum alloy, ABS engineering plastic or composite fiber material, and has the characteristics of light weight, high strength and fast response. The driving component 52 is provided on the second side plate 113 of the air duct 111 structure and is used to apply driving force to the steering rod 51 according to the temperature change during motor operation, driving the air guide plate 310 to slide on the upper end surface of the fixed plate 321.

[0051] Furthermore, the driving component 52 is configured as a thermosensitive shape memory alloy, with one end fixed to the second side plate 113 and the other end fixed to the air guide plate 310. Specifically, the driving component 52 is made of thermosensitive shape memory alloy wire. This material undergoes a phase change and contracts when the motor operating temperature rises, thereby driving the steering rod 51 to pull the air guide plate 310 to slide closer to the second side plate 113, increasing the opening area of ​​the air duct 111. When the temperature drops, the alloy material returns to its original shape, and the air guide plate 310 slides closer to the first side plate 112, decreasing the opening area of ​​the air duct 111. The above adjustment process does not require external control signals and relies entirely on the material's own temperature response characteristics, possessing advantages such as simple structure and sensitive response.

[0052] Furthermore, the fixed plate 321 is provided with an arc-shaped limiting groove 323, and the end of the air guide plate 310 near the steering rod 51 is provided with a limiting rod 312, which is slidably installed in the limiting groove 323. Specifically, the air guide plate 310 is provided with a limiting rod 312, which slides in cooperation with the arc-shaped limiting groove 323 on the fixed plate 321. The limiting rod 312 can be in the form of a roller, slider, sliding pin, etc., so that the air guide plate 310 is subject to trajectory control during rotation, limiting the maximum opening angle or minimum closing angle of the air guide plate 310, and ensuring the stable operation of the air guide plate 310 under various airflow conditions. In practical use, when the motor speed is high and the temperature is high, the steering component 322 causes the limiting rod 312 to slide along the arc-shaped limiting groove 323, thereby moving the air guide plate 310 away from the first side plate 112, thus expanding the heat dissipation air passage 40, reducing wind resistance, and improving airflow capacity; when the speed is slow and the motor temperature is low, the air guide plate 310 rotates towards the position closer to the first side plate 112 under the action of the steering component 322, and the limiting rod 312 moves to the other end of the limiting groove 323, narrowing the heat dissipation air passage 40, which helps to concentrate and guide low airflow and avoid airflow dispersion.

[0053] Furthermore, the limiting groove 323 is provided with a first groove wall 61, a second groove wall 62, a first limiting end 63, and a second limiting end 64. The first groove wall 61 and the second groove wall 62 are both smooth arc surfaces. The first limiting end 63 and the second limiting end 64 are respectively located at the two ends of the limiting groove 323. The distance between the first groove wall 61 and the second groove wall 62 at the first limiting end 63 is greater than the distance between the first groove wall 61 and the second groove wall 62 at the second limiting end 64. The limiting rod 312 slides along the first groove wall 61 and the second groove wall 62. Specifically, when the limiting rod 312 moves to the first limiting end 63, the distance between the air guide plate 310 and the first side plate 112 is the closest, and the air guide plate 310 is located at the minimum opening position; when the limiting rod 312 moves to the second limiting end 64, the distance between the air guide plate 310 and the first side plate 112 is the farthest, and the air guide plate 310 is located at the maximum opening position.

[0054] The distance between the first groove wall 61 and the second groove wall 62 at the first limiting end 63 is greater than the distance between them at the second limiting end 64. This allows the limiting rod 312 to have a larger sliding space and less sliding friction when moving towards the first limiting end 63 in the limiting groove 323, thus achieving a faster response and meeting the airflow guidance accuracy requirements during low-speed operation. When the limiting rod 312 slides towards the second limiting end 64, the distance between the groove walls gradually narrows, making the limiting rod 312 more tightly restricted and its movement more stable. This allows for the slow adjustment and position maintenance of the air outlet opening by the air guide plate 310, meeting the increased air pressure requirements caused by the high-speed operation of the fan 20. Through the spatial structure differences in different areas within the limiting groove 323, the limiting rod 312 achieves different movement speeds and stability controls in different adjustment directions, making the airflow adjustment in the duct 111 more in line with the response requirements of the motor under different operating modes.

[0055] Furthermore, both the first groove wall 61 and the second groove wall 62 are horizontally recessed with slide rails 71, and ball bearings 72 are disposed inside the slide rails 71. The outer circumferential surface of the limiting rod 312 abuts against the ball bearings 72. Specifically, during the rotation of the air guide plate 310, the limiting rod 312 moves along a set arc path within the limiting groove 323. Due to the rolling action of the ball bearings 72, the movement of the limiting rod 312 is smooth with low resistance.

[0056] Furthermore, the air guide plate 310 includes a first guide plate 313, a second guide plate 314, and a third guide plate 315. Viewed from a second direction, the width of the third guide plate 315 is greater than the width of the first guide plate 313. The second direction is perpendicular to and passes through the axis of the rotating shaft 140. The second guide plate 314 is an arc-shaped plate that smoothly connects the first guide plate 313 and the third guide plate 315. Specifically, the second direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the heat dissipation duct 40 and points towards and passes through the axis of the rotating shaft 140. Viewed from the second direction, the width of the third guide plate 315 is greater than the width of the first guide plate 313, forming a fan-shaped structure with an expanding trend. The second guide plate 314 is an arc transition plate connecting the first guide plate 313 and the third guide plate 315. It is used to form a continuous and smooth curved surface connection between the two guide plates of different widths, thereby eliminating the abrupt angle change between the structures. It plays a role in gathering and integrating the turbulent airflow generated in the air guide chamber 210, avoiding the formation of severe separation and vortices in the airflow at the plate connection, and ensuring the continuity and guiding stability of the airflow streamline.

[0057] The first guide plate 313 is located near the end of the air duct 111 with a smaller opening, and plays a role in initially guiding the airflow. The third guide plate 315 allows the high-pressure airflow flowing out of the air guide chamber 210 to be fully concentrated and integrated in this area. Under the arc transition guidance of the second guide plate 314, it smoothly transitions to the third guide plate 315, thereby improving the overall airflow introduction capacity of the air guide plate 310. The first guide plate 313, the second guide plate 314, and the third guide plate 315 can adopt an integral injection molding structure or be formed by splicing multiple sections. The materials can be lightweight aluminum alloy, engineering plastics, or composite materials, and can be flexibly configured according to the heat dissipation intensity and the use environment. This is well known in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0058] Furthermore, the third guide plate 315 is a rectangular plate. When the limiting rod 312 is located at the second limiting end 64, the third guide plate 315 is parallel to the first side plate 112. Specifically, the third guide plate 315 is a rectangular plate used to form a uniformly spaced airflow guiding area with the first side plate 112 during the adjustment process. When the limiting rod 312 moves to the second limiting end 64 of the limiting groove 323, the air guide plate 310 is in the maximum opening angle state. At this time, the third guide plate 315 is away from the first side plate 112, and its end face near the first side plate 112 is arranged parallel to the first side plate 112, forming a wide airflow guiding channel, reducing wind resistance, avoiding local airflow blockage, and ensuring that a large air volume can pass through the air duct 111 quickly and with low loss when the fan 20 is running at high speed, effectively enhancing the motor heat dissipation capacity under high load conditions; improving the stability of the wall-mounted flow, reducing air backflow, swirling and other phenomena, and improving the overall aerodynamic performance of the air duct 111.

[0059] In one embodiment, the base is made of aluminum alloy or composite material to improve heat dissipation and reduce the overall weight. Aluminum alloy not only has good mechanical strength and corrosion resistance, but also excellent thermal conductivity, enabling it to quickly conduct the heat generated during motor operation to the outside air, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency. In another embodiment, the base can also be made of lightweight composite material to further reduce the overall weight, facilitating the use of the motor in scenarios with high lightweight requirements, such as new energy vehicles. By using a base made of aluminum alloy or composite material, the overall heat dissipation performance of the motor can be improved and its weight reduced while ensuring structural strength.

[0060] In one embodiment, the fan blades are curved or sickle-shaped to increase airflow and reduce airflow noise. The curved blade design allows for a more stable airflow channel during rotation, accelerating the airflow along a smooth curve into the duct, thereby increasing airflow and reducing turbulence, thus lowering noise. In another embodiment, the fan blades can also be designed as sickle-shaped, with the blade tips swept forward at a certain angle relative to the direction of rotation. This structure effectively improves airflow distribution at the blade tips, reduces eddies and noise generation, and further enhances air delivery efficiency.

[0061] In one embodiment, the regulating component is electrically connected to a temperature sensor used to monitor the motor winding temperature or ambient temperature. When the motor is operating under high load or high temperature conditions, the temperature sensor can quickly capture the temperature rise signal and feed it back to the control circuit.

[0062] In one embodiment, the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the alarm module. When the motor winding temperature or ambient temperature exceeds a preset value, the alarm module outputs an audible and visual alarm signal. When the motor winding temperature or ambient temperature exceeds a preset safety value, the alarm module can immediately output an audible and visual alarm signal to alert the operator that the motor is in an abnormal operating condition. This setting can provide timely warnings to users before the motor is damaged due to overheating, thereby improving the safety and reliability of motor operation.

[0063] An assembly method for assembling an integrated motor as described above includes the following steps:

[0064] Step S1: Prepare the base 110, stator assembly 120, rotor assembly 130, shaft 140, bearing 150, fan 20 and adjustment assembly 30 of the disc motor assembly 10; install the bearing 150 in the corresponding bearing hole of the base 110, and install the shaft 140 through the bearing 150 so that the shaft 140 can rotate relative to the base 110;

[0065] Step S2: Fix the stator assembly 120 on the base 110, ensure that its winding is correctly positioned, and lead out the cable or lead-out end through the reserved through hole 311. Coaxially mount the rotor assembly 130 on the rotating shaft 140, and maintain a reasonable air gap between it and the stator assembly 120 to ensure that the rotation does not interfere.

[0066] Step S3: Install the fan 20 on the side of the base 110 away from the stator assembly 120, so that the fan 20 is coaxially connected with the rotating shaft 140 and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 140. During the installation process, the fan 20 and the rotating shaft 140 are firmly connected by fasteners, keyways or interference fits to ensure stable rotation.

[0067] Step S4: Install the adjustment component 30 on the air duct 111 and rotatably connect it to the air duct 111 so that the adjustment component 30 can adjust the opening area of ​​the air duct 111 according to the temperature change around the motor.

[0068] In summary, the integrated motor provided in this embodiment has the function of automatically adjusting the size of the air duct 111 opening according to the motor's working mode, thus ensuring the heat dissipation efficiency of the fan 20 on the motor.

[0069] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated motor, characterized in that, The device includes a disc motor assembly, a fan, and an adjustment assembly. The disc motor assembly includes a base, a stator assembly, a rotor assembly, a shaft, and bearings. The stator assembly is mounted on the base, and the rotor assembly is coaxially arranged with the shaft. The shaft is rotatably mounted on the base via the bearings. The base has multiple air ducts along the circumferential direction. The fan is mounted on the side of the base away from the stator assembly. The fan is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft and rotates with the rotating shaft. An air guide chamber is formed inside the fan, and the air guide chamber is connected to the air duct. The adjustment component is disposed on the air duct and is used to adjust the opening area of ​​the air duct according to temperature changes. When the temperature around the motor rises, the adjustment component drives the opening area of ​​the air duct to expand, and when the temperature around the motor decreases, the adjustment component drives the opening area of ​​the air duct to shrink. The air duct includes a first side plate and a second side plate, which are arranged along a first direction, wherein the first direction is parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft. The adjustment assembly includes a guide plate and a rotating part, which are disposed on the second side plate. The guide plate is rotatably mounted on the rotating part, and a heat dissipation air duct is formed between the guide plate and the first side plate. The rotating part includes a fixed plate and a steering component. The fixed plate is disposed in the air duct. The steering component includes a steering rod and a driving component. The air guide plate is provided with a through hole and is rotatably installed with the steering rod through the through hole. The driving component is disposed on the second side plate and is used to drive the air guide plate to slide along the upper surface of the fixed plate according to the ambient temperature of the motor. The driving component is made of a thermosensitive shape memory alloy, with one end fixed to the second side plate and the other end fixed to the air guide plate.

2. The integrated motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed plate is provided with an arc-shaped limiting groove, and the air guide plate is provided with a limiting rod at one end near the steering rod. The limiting rod is slidably installed in the limiting groove.

3. The integrated motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting groove is provided with a first groove wall, a second groove wall, a first limiting end, and a second limiting end. The first groove wall and the second groove wall are both smooth arc surfaces. The first limiting end and the second limiting end are respectively located at the two ends of the limiting groove. The distance between the first groove wall and the second groove wall at the first limiting end is greater than the distance between the first groove wall and the second groove wall at the second limiting end. The limiting rod slides along the first groove wall and the second groove wall. When the limiting rod moves to the first limiting end, the distance between the air guide plate and the first side plate is the closest, and the air guide plate is located at the minimum opening position; when the limiting rod moves to the second limiting end, the distance between the air guide plate and the first side plate is the farthest, and the air guide plate is located at the maximum opening position.

4. The integrated motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first and second groove walls are horizontally recessed with slide rails, and ball bearings are disposed inside the slide rails. The outer circumferential surface of the limiting rod abuts against the ball bearings.

5. The integrated motor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air guide plate includes a first guide plate, a second guide plate, and a third guide plate. From a second direction, the width of the third guide plate is greater than the width of the first guide plate. The second direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the heat dissipation air passage and points to and passes through the axis of the rotating shaft. The second guide plate is an arc plate that uniformly connects the first guide plate and the third guide plate.

6. The integrated motor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The third guide plate is a rectangular plate. When the limiting rod is located at the second limiting end, the third guide plate is parallel to the first side plate.

7. The integrated motor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The base is made of aluminum alloy or composite material to improve heat dissipation and reduce the overall weight of the machine.

8. The integrated motor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The fan blades are curved or sickle-shaped to increase airflow and reduce airflow noise.

9. The integrated motor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The regulating component is electrically connected to a temperature sensor, which is used to monitor the motor winding temperature or the ambient temperature.

10. The integrated motor according to claim 9, characterized in that, The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the alarm module. When the temperature of the motor windings or the ambient temperature exceeds the preset value, the alarm module outputs an audible and visual alarm signal.

11. An assembly method for assembling an integrated motor as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Prepare the base, stator assembly, rotor assembly, shaft, bearing, fan, and adjustment assembly of the disc motor assembly; install the bearing in the corresponding bearing hole of the base, and install the shaft through the bearing so that the shaft can rotate relative to the base; Step S2: Fix the stator assembly on the base, ensure that its winding is correctly positioned, lead out the cable or lead-out end through the reserved through hole, coaxially mount the rotor assembly on the shaft, and maintain a reasonable air gap between it and the stator assembly to ensure that the rotation does not interfere. Step S3: Install the fan on the side of the base away from the stator assembly, so that the fan is coaxially connected to the shaft and rotates synchronously with the shaft. During the installation process, the fan and the shaft are firmly connected by fasteners, keyways or interference fits to ensure stable rotation. Step S4: Install the adjustment component on the air duct and rotatably connect it to the air duct so that the adjustment component can adjust the opening area of ​​the air duct according to the temperature change around the motor.

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