Agricultural working machine

Abstract

The invention relates to an agricultural working machine, in particular in the form of a cultivator preferably designed as a rotary cultivator, comprising: a shaft provided with at least one tool, the axis of rotation of which extends at an angle to the direction of travel during operation and at least substantially parallel to the ground; and a housing arranged at the frame of the work machine, the housing being at least partially arranged above the shaft and having an inner wall defining a passage between the shaft and the housing, the inner wall of the housing being formed at least by a plurality of sections arranged side by side as viewed in the direction of travel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the subject matter of the preamble of claim 1. Background Technology

[0002] Agricultural machinery in the form of a tiller, known from EP 0 954 953 B1, has a rotor, i.e., a shaft with tools, whose axis of rotation extends at an angle to the direction of travel and at least substantially parallel to the ground during operation. The rotor is partially surrounded by a housing arranged in the frame of the machinery, the housing being at least partially positioned above the rotor's shaft. The housing includes an inner wall that forms a channel between the shaft and the housing, more specifically defining the channel above. In the event of damage to the housing, for example by stones, it is difficult to replace and requires complete replacement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to enable the use of the tillage machine according to the invention in a way that better protects materials.

[0004] This objective is achieved by the subject matter of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention can be derived from the dependent claims and the following description.

[0005] According to the present invention, the agricultural machinery is characterized in that the inner wall of the passage between the defining shaft of the housing and the housing is formed by at least a plurality of segments arranged side by side when viewed in the direction of travel. Thus, each segment has a side extending in a broad extension direction of the segment, which forms the inner boundary of the passage.

[0006] This invention is based on the understanding that since material is conveyed circumferentially, at least partially, around the axis of rotation of the shaft, significant wear also occurs primarily along the circumferential direction around the shaft at the inner wall of the housing. In the sense of this invention, the inner wall is the wall that defines the passage inward, i.e., from the housing towards the axis or axis of rotation. In a single-shell housing, the inner wall is also the outer wall. By segmenting the housing circumferentially, excessively worn individual sections of the housing can be replaced, while less worn areas can continue to be used. The sections can be detachably fixed to each other. In this respect, a segmented housing with multiple sections across the width of the housing and / or along the length of the axis provides better material protection.

[0007] These sections are constructed in a broad, particularly essentially strip-shaped and / or identical manner. The strip-shaped construction of the sections—that is, the section's extension in the longitudinal direction (parallel to the direction of travel or extending about the axis) being greater than its extension in the transverse direction—and the negligible thickness of the larger areas of the section compared to its length, also contribute to the protective material for the working machinery and, particularly, the production-friendly construction. The identical component attachments (Gleichteileansatz) of the housing sections allow for cost-effective manufacturing and easier repair of these sections.

[0008] The segment is constructed to be curved, especially in its longitudinal direction, to reproduce the corresponding channel orientation around the axis.

[0009] The housing is positioned above the shaft such that, viewed longitudinally along the axis of rotation and about the vertical line of the corresponding plane of the shaft, the housing is formed within an angle of at least + / - 30° around the axis of rotation, particularly within an oscillation angle of 90° to 180°. A channel is the area formed between the shaft and the housing, wherein the tool, without considering the shaft's movement through the channel during operation, is considered.

[0010] Advantageously, the housing has a front housing portion and a rear housing portion with respect to the direction of travel. The front and rear housing portions have corresponding inner wall portions that extend along an axis. One inner wall portion is formed by a plurality of side-by-side segments, and the other inner wall portion is similarly formed by at least a plurality of additional segments arranged side-by-side as viewed from the direction of travel. In particular, the inner wall portions are entirely formed by segments of the front and rear housing portions that are constructed in a particularly identical manner. Therefore, identical component attachments apply to the entire inner wall, even if it is divided into two parts. Thus, in a top view of the housing, the housing has two rows of side-by-side segments representing the inner wall and therefore the upper boundary of the passageway for the tiller to transport tilled land.

[0011] By using an elastic material in a segment, which is at least primarily formed of such a material, a shell shape can be suitably formed without using the complex bending or edge-cutting processes required by existing technologies. Alternatively or additionally, when the elastic material occupies the largest portion of the inner wall, it is at least primarily formed of the elastic material when the elastic material constitutes at least 50% of the volume of the inner wall.

[0012] Viewed in the direction around the axis, the length of the segment is greater than its width (in the axial direction of the axis), which takes into account the wear process mentioned earlier.

[0013] To stabilize the segments, the segments may have at least one longitudinal connecting piece, preferably extending along the longitudinal edge, which may additionally be used to secure the segments to each other and to the frame and / or the housing frame.

[0014] Specifically, the segments have a recess on at least one longitudinal side, such that the side-by-side segments are arranged in a partially overlapping manner. This prevents soil from being carried away from the channel through the sealing area of ​​adjacent segments during operation, and also achieves better fixation of the segments to each other. To arrange identical segments relative to each other, the opposite longitudinal sides of the same segment have corresponding complementary recesses, such as in the form of a mortise and tenon design, or other types of radial and / or axial overlapping of the segments.

[0015] According to other extensions of the invention, in addition to the sections, compensating elements may be provided, which, like the sections, can advantageously surround the rotor shaft within an angular range optimized for soil flow, i.e., related to soil flow, and can be additionally mounted at the sections, particularly as one or more lateral closures, to widen the housing. These compensating elements may have at least substantially the same dimensions as the sections themselves. However, the inner wall of the housing is specifically designed to be without compensating elements.

[0016] According to an advantageous improvement of the invention, the segment has a fixing mechanism on its side away from the axis for securing the corresponding segment to a frame, a housing frame, or to another segment. These fixing mechanisms can be formed, in particular, by one or more longitudinal connecting pieces. Especially when using elastic materials used in casting or injection processes, this allows for a greater variety of fixing shapes and profiles, which can be designed for optimal material use.

[0017] To reinforce at least one of the sections and / or the housing, at least one transverse carrier is provided, at which the section can be fixed. The transverse carrier extends entirely along its axis parallel to its longitudinal axis or axis of rotation.

[0018] Multiple sections, preferably all sections, of the housing are arranged at one or more transverse carriers, if there are multiple transverse carriers, arranged one after another along the direction of travel. For this purpose, for example, recesses in the side connecting pieces can be provided, through which the transverse carriers can pass.

[0019] Similarly, a longitudinal carrier can be provided to fix the various transverse carriers to each other, or to ensure that the shell portion is reinforced in the longitudinal direction.

[0020] By using recesses in the longitudinal connecting pieces to connect the segments, the segments can be arranged side by side quickly and easily, and can be replaced individually if necessary. It should be understood that, for this purpose, the transverse carrier can be removed from the operating machinery at least on one side.

[0021] In particular, through these lateral and longitudinal carriers and their influence on the segments, the segments can have various operating states with different radii of curvature, i.e., different distances from the axis of rotation of the shaft. It is important to understand that for a given operating state, the radius is not necessarily fixed, but rather the distance can vary along the circumferential angle around the axis of rotation of the shaft. Here, the distance can be understood as the distance from the axis of rotation to the inner surface of the corresponding segment when viewed along the circumference and the axis of rotation.

[0022] Advantageously, an adjustment device is provided by which the position and / or radius of curvature of the inner wall relative to the axis or axis of rotation can be changed. Here, it is particularly an adjustment device having an adjustment member that acts on the transverse or longitudinal carrier or other parts of the shell frame and changes the position of the shell frame, so that the sections arranged in the frame must also change their position.

[0023] The adjustment device may in particular have a rear adjustment member that acts on the rear housing portion, and the rear edge of the rear adjustment member is adjustable in height and / or in the direction of travel, such that the section is at different distances from the axis of rotation of the shaft, and thus can be switched to different operating positions. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Other advantages and details of the present invention will become apparent from the following drawings. Wherein:

[0025] Figure 1 An isometric view of the subject matter according to the invention is shown schematically.

[0026] Figure 2 It schematically shows the following based on Figure 1 Part of the theme,

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic detailed view of the housing portion according to the subject matter of the invention is shown.

[0028] Figure 4 Another detailed view of the subject matter according to the invention is shown schematically.

[0029] Figure 5 It schematically shows the following based on Figure 2 A partial sectional view of the subject.

[0030] Figure 6 It schematically shows the following based on Figure 2 The topics are located in two different running positions.

[0031] Figure 7 It schematically shows the following based on Figure 1 Another partial view of the subject.

[0032] Figure 8 According to Figure 7 The view schematically illustrates another design scheme based on the subject matter of the invention.

[0033] Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating another aspect of the invention is shown.

[0034] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of another subject matter according to the invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The various technical features of the embodiments described below can also be combined with the features of the previously described embodiments, as well as the independent claims and possible other claims, to form the subject matter according to the invention. Where appropriate, at least partially functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

[0036] In the current situation, agricultural machinery is a tillage machine constructed as a rotary tiller 2 ( Figure 1 The tiller 2 has a shaft 6 equipped with multiple tools 4, and the axis of rotation 8 of this shaft (see...) Figure 5 and Figure 7 During operation, it extends at an angle to the direction of travel F. In this embodiment, the rotation axis 8 is parallel to the ground 10. Figure 6 The tiller 2 also includes a housing 13 held at the frame 12. Figure 2 and Figure 8 The housing revolves around axis 6 and its axis of rotation 8 at a circumferential angle of almost 180°. Figure 5 Arrangement.

[0037] The housing is positioned above the axis of rotation and therefore above the shaft. Figure 5 The shaft 6 swings at an angle of approximately + / -90° relative to the vertical line 15 extending through the axis of rotation 8. A channel 16 is formed between the shaft 6 and the inner wall portions 18 of the front and rear housing portions 20 and 22 of the housing, through which land or soil is transported and conveyed.

[0038] The front housing portion 20 and the rear housing portion 22 are movably arranged and can swing about a swing axis 32 arranged above the shaft 6. Figure 6 For this purpose, the housing portions 20 and 22 are pivotally supported on the side plates 14 and the intermediate plate 17 of the frame 12 by means of the longitudinal carrier 30. The housing portions 20 and 22 extend particularly completely along the length of the shaft 6 and can occupy... Figure 6 The two operating positions shown above and below each other, and the additional intermediate position (not shown). Accordingly, Figure 6Correspondingly, the inner wall portions 18 of the front and rear housing portions are shown, i.e., two inner wall portions 18 are shown. In the two operating positions shown, the difference between the two adjustable-to-fixed operating positions of the front housing portion 20 is that, in the outward-swinging operating position, the front edge 34 is further forward and higher relative to the ground 10 than the front edge 34 in the inward-swinging lower position. This similarly applies to the rear edge 36 of the rear housing portion 22. The mobility of the front housing portion 20 and the rear housing portion 22 is indicated by the double arrows 38 in the area of ​​the swing support 40.

[0039] Overall, the housing of the tiller 2 is formed by a front housing portion 20 and a rear housing portion 22, wherein the inner wall of the housing is formed by two (front and rear) inner wall portions 18.

[0040] According to the invention, the inner wall portion 18 itself, and thus the inner wall of the shell, is formed by a plurality of identical segments 24 arranged side by side when viewed in the direction of travel. The segments 24 are constructed to be broad, especially strip-shaped, and are longer than wide when viewed parallel to the direction of travel or in the circumferential direction around the axis. This takes into account the fact that the main movement of the soil and the resulting wear also occur in both the direction of travel and the circumferential direction around the axis 6. Depending on the tool construction, particularly wear-prone areas can therefore be replaced in a simple manner without replacing the entire shell wall, or rather, the inner wall of the shell 13. Both the front shell portion 20 and the rear shell portion 22 are formed by the segments 24. In addition to the segments 24, compensating members as described above can also be provided, which advantageously surround the axis 6 almost completely within an angular range optimized for soil flow.

[0041] In the current situation, segment 24 is entirely formed of an elastic material with a Shore hardness A between 75 and 95, and can oscillate or vibrate accordingly, especially parallel to the vertical line 42. Figure 4 In the direction of ).

[0042] Segment 24 has a longitudinal connecting piece 46 extending along its longitudinal edge 44, which reinforces segment 24. Simultaneously, the longitudinal connecting piece 46 forms a receiving portion 48 through a thickened and widened area, through which segment 24 is fixed to the transverse carrier 28. This transverse carrier is in turn supported on a longitudinal carrier 30, wherein one or more transverse carriers 28 can be relatively movable relative to the longitudinal carrier 30 through elongated holes (not shown). The transverse carriers 28 and the longitudinal carrier 30 respectively form a housing portion frame, which can swing relative to the frame 12, thereby allowing the housing portion, and therefore segment 24, to occupy different operating positions.

[0043] To allow the segments to fit together better and more closely, the segments have recesses or shoulders 26 along their longitudinal edges 44, and these recesses or shoulders have complementary shapes on their sides facing each other. Figure 3 And through these recesses or shoulders forming a seal when they come into contact with each other, the soil is retained in the channel 16 in an improved manner. The side-by-side segments 24 are therefore arranged in a partially overlapping manner.

[0044] The receiving section 48 provides a fixing mechanism, which can be used to fix it to the housing frame, or it can also be used to fix it to each other. Depending on the different operating states of the rear housing section 22 and the front housing section 20, the section 24 also has correspondingly different working states, wherein the distance of the inner wall from the rotation axis 8 is different.

[0045] Additionally, the tiller 2 is equipped with an axle adjustment device 50, shown only by a dashed line and located on the end side of the axle 6, through which the axle can be transferred to... Figure 6 The shaft is positioned and fixed at the location indicated by the dashed line. The shaft is then positioned at the frame 12 of the tiller 2 in a height-adjustable manner using the shaft adjustment device 50.

[0046] The front housing portion 20 and the rear housing portion 22 can be adjusted respectively by the front adjustment member 52 and the rear adjustment member 52, that is, adjusted about the corresponding swing axis 32, for example, in Figure 5 In this context, the swing axis extends perpendicularly to the drawing. For example, the adjusting member 52 is a hydraulic cylinder, which is fixed to the frame side and to the longitudinal carrier 46 on the side. Figure 8 Alternatively, the housing portions 20 and 22 can be simply mechanically fixed to the frame 12 via threaded members of variable length. Figure 7 ).

[0047] Vibration is transmitted to the outer surface 54 by a vibration generator arranged on the side of the frame through its vibration member 56. Therefore, the rotational speed of the vibration member 56, which is in the form of an eccentrically arranged turntable, can be specified, particularly in relation to speed, by a corresponding control device 55. Figure 9 The frequency of the vibrating member 56, which may be in the form of a punch that can move longitudinally perpendicular to surface 54, is ( ) Figure 10 The control device can be part of the machine control system of the operating machinery.

Claims

1. Agricultural machinery, particularly agricultural machinery preferably configured as a rotary tiller (2), said agricultural machinery comprising: The shaft (6) of at least one tool (4) is provided, and the axis of rotation (8) of the shaft (6) extends at an angle to the direction of travel (F) and at least substantially parallel to the ground (10) during operation; And a housing arranged at the frame (12) of the working machine, the housing being arranged at least partially above the shaft (6) and having an inner wall of a channel (16) defining the space between the shaft (6) and the housing (13), characterized in that the inner wall of the housing is formed together by at least a plurality of segments (24) arranged side by side when viewed in the direction of travel (F).

2. The operating machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The segment (24) is constructed to be broad and / or identical.

3. The operating machinery according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The housing has a front housing portion (20) and a rear housing portion (22) about the direction of travel (F), the front housing portion and the rear housing portion having corresponding inner wall portions (18), the inner wall portions extending respectively along the axis (6), and one of the inner wall portions being formed by a plurality of segments (24) arranged side by side, and another of the inner wall portions being formed together by at least a plurality of additional segments (24) arranged side by side when viewed along the direction of travel (F).

4. The operating machinery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The front housing portion (20) and the rear housing portion (22) have the same structure in terms of section (24).

5. The operating machinery according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The segment (24) is formed primarily of an elastic material.

6. The operating machinery according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, When viewed parallel to the direction of travel (F), the length of the segment (24) is greater than its width.

7. The operating machinery according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The segment (24) has at least one longitudinal connecting piece (46) that preferably extends along the longitudinal edge (44).

8. The operating machinery according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The segment (24) has a recess (26) on at least one longitudinal side, such that the side-by-side segments (24) are arranged in a partially overlapping manner.

9. The operating machinery according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The segment (24) has a fixing mechanism on its side opposite to the shaft (6) for fixing to the frame (12), the housing frame or to each other.

10. The operating machinery according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, There is at least one transverse carrier (28) for reinforcing at least one of the segments (24).

11. The operating machinery according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The segment (24) has multiple operating states, each with a different radius of curvature.

12. The operating machinery according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, An adjustment device is provided, which can change the position and / or radius of curvature of the inner wall relative to the axis (6).

13. The operating machinery according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The rear housing portion (22) is equipped with at least one rear adjustment member (52) of the adjustment device, and the rear edge (36) of the rear housing portion (22) can be adjusted in height and / or along the direction of travel (F) by the at least one rear adjustment member.

Images