Solid-liquid separation device, fuel rod cladding dissolution recovery system, and solid-liquid separation method

Abstract

The application discloses a solid-liquid separation device, a fuel rod cladding dissolution and recovery system and a solid-liquid separation method, which can spray cleaning liquid to the inner wall of the rotary drum through the cleaning liquid spray opening on the center rotating shaft of the scraper when the scraper scrapes the solid residues on the wall surface of the rotary drum, so that the cleaning effect of the solid residues on the inner wall of the rotary drum is improved, and the effective cleaning of the solid residues is realized. The solid-liquid separation device comprises a solid-liquid separator and a driving assembly. The solid-liquid separator comprises a shell, a rotary drum and a scraper. The driving assembly is arranged on the side, away from the shell, of a support body and sequentially penetrates through the support body and the shell to be connected with the rotary drum and the scraper respectively. The scraper has a center rotating shaft, a cleaning liquid conveying channel is formed in the center rotating shaft, a cleaning liquid spray opening is further arranged on the center rotating shaft, the cleaning liquid spray opening faces the inner wall of the rotary drum, and the center rotating shaft is sealingly and rotatably connected with the external cleaning liquid conveying pipeline after penetrating through the shell from the inside of the shell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of nuclear fuel separation technology, specifically relating to a solid-liquid separation device, a fuel rod cladding dissolution and recovery system, and a solid-liquid separation method. Background Technology

[0002] During the processing of spent fuel assemblies, the dissolved liquid contains some solid residue. Therefore, a rotary separator is needed to separate the solid residue from the solution, and then the solution is extracted and purified to obtain the relevant products.

[0003] The working environment of the rotating drum in a rotary separator is highly radioactive, making routine inspection and maintenance inconvenient. Furthermore, after prolonged operation, solid residue accumulates on the drum, affecting the normal solid-liquid separation efficiency. Current technology typically incorporates a scraper to remove solid residue from the drum and maintain the normal operation of the rotary separator.

[0004] This rotary separator has two operating modes. In the first mode, the high-speed rotation of the drum separates the liquid containing solid residue into solid and liquid components. When the solid residue accumulates inside the drum to the upper limit, the second mode is activated. In this mode, a rotating scraper removes the residue deposited on the drum wall and discharges it, allowing the rotary separator to resume solid-liquid separation.

[0005] When a scraper removes solid residue from the wall of a rotating drum, a certain gap is usually left between the scraper and the drum wall to allow the scraper to rotate relative to the wall, meaning the scraper is not tightly attached to the drum wall. In this case, solid residue will still remain on the drum wall after the scraper removes the residue, making it difficult to effectively clean the drum wall. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art by providing a solid-liquid separation device that can spray cleaning liquid onto the inner wall of the rotating drum through a cleaning liquid nozzle on the central rotating shaft of the scraper while scraping off solid residues on the wall of the rotating drum, thereby improving the cleaning effect on the solid residues on the inner wall of the rotating drum and achieving effective cleaning of solid residues.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a solid-liquid separation device, comprising a solid-liquid separator and a drive assembly. The solid-liquid separator includes a housing, a rotating drum, and a scraper; the housing is disposed on a support body and is used to receive the solution to be separated; the rotating drum is rotatably disposed within the housing, and the scraper is rotatably disposed within the rotating drum. The drive assembly is disposed on the side of the support body away from the housing, and passes sequentially through the support body and the housing before being connected to the rotating drum and the scraper respectively, for driving the rotating drum and the scraper to rotate synchronously for solid-liquid separation, and for individually driving the scraper to rotate relative to the rotating drum to scrape off solids on the inner wall of the rotating drum. The scraper has a central rotating shaft with a cleaning fluid delivery channel inside. The central rotating shaft also has a cleaning fluid nozzle facing the inner wall of the rotating cylinder. The central rotating shaft passes through the interior of the housing and is rotatably and sealed to an external cleaning fluid delivery pipe. When the scraper rotates relative to the rotating cylinder to scrape off solids from the inner wall of the rotating cylinder, the cleaning fluid in the cleaning fluid delivery pipe enters the cleaning fluid delivery channel and is sprayed from the cleaning fluid nozzle onto the inner wall of the rotating cylinder.

[0008] In some embodiments, the number of cleaning fluid nozzles is multiple, and the multiple cleaning fluid nozzles are arranged sequentially and evenly along the axial direction of the central rotating shaft.

[0009] In some embodiments, the cleaning fluid nozzle is directed toward the scraper.

[0010] In some embodiments, the central rotating shaft is rotatably and sealed to the cleaning fluid delivery pipeline via a rotary joint.

[0011] In some embodiments, the drive assembly includes a transmission mechanism, a first drive member, and a power switching mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes an inner shaft and an outer shaft, the inner shaft being disposed inside the outer shaft. Both the inner and outer shafts are coaxially aligned with the central axis of the scraper. A first end of the inner shaft passes through the support body and the housing before connecting to the scraper; a first end of the outer shaft passes through the support body and the housing before connecting to the rotating drum; and a second end of the inner shaft extends beyond the second end of the outer shaft. The first drive member is disposed on the support body and connected to the second end of the inner shaft, for driving the inner shaft to rotate. A power switching mechanism is mounted on the support body. The power switching mechanism can switch to a first state or a second state. When the power switching mechanism is switched to the first state, it enables the second end of the inner shaft to be connected to the second end of the outer shaft, so that the inner shaft and the outer shaft rotate synchronously, and drive the scraper and the rotating drum to rotate synchronously. When the power switching mechanism is switched to the second state, the second end of the inner shaft is disconnected from the second end of the outer shaft, the inner shaft rotates relative to the outer shaft, and drives the scraper to rotate relative to the rotating drum.

[0012] In some embodiments, a first spline is provided on the outer side of the second end of the inner shaft; a first locking tooth is provided on the second end of the outer shaft. The power switching mechanism includes a second drive member and a clutch. The second drive member is disposed on the support body and is used to drive the clutch to move axially along the inner shaft. The clutch is sleeved on the second end of the inner shaft, and the clutch is rotatable relative to the second drive member and the inner shaft; a second spline is provided on the inner side of the clutch, and the second spline is adapted to the first spline; a second locking tooth is provided on the side of the clutch facing the outer shaft, and the second locking tooth is adapted to the first locking tooth. When the power switching mechanism is switched to the first state, the second driving member drives the clutch to move closer to the outer shaft, so that the second spline of the clutch engages with the first spline of the inner shaft, and the second locking tooth on the clutch engages with the first locking tooth of the outer shaft, so that the inner shaft drives the outer shaft to rotate synchronously through the clutch; when the power switching mechanism is switched to the second state, the second driving member drives the clutch to move away from the outer shaft, the second spline of the clutch disengages from the first spline of the inner shaft, and the second locking tooth on the clutch disengages from the first locking tooth of the outer shaft, so that the inner shaft is disconnected from the outer shaft, and the inner shaft rotates relative to the outer shaft.

[0013] In some embodiments, a connecting seat is provided between the second driving member and the clutch. The connecting seat is annular in shape, connected to the second driving member, and after being sleeved on the outside of the clutch, it can rotate relative to the clutch, thereby driving the clutch to move axially along the inner shaft. The second driving member is used to drive the connecting seat to move axially along the inner shaft, thereby driving the clutch to move axially along the inner shaft.

[0014] In some embodiments, a bearing is provided between the connecting seat and the clutch, the outer ring of the bearing being fixed to the inner side of the connecting seat, and the inner ring of the bearing being fixed to the outer side of the clutch.

[0015] Therefore, the solid-liquid separation device provided in this embodiment of the invention, by arranging a rotating drum and a scraper inside the housing, and by connecting a drive assembly through the housing to the rotating drum and the scraper respectively, can drive the rotating drum and the scraper to rotate synchronously for solid-liquid separation, and can also drive the scraper to rotate relative to the rotating drum to scrape off solids on the inner wall of the rotating drum. By providing a cleaning fluid nozzle on the central rotating shaft of the scraper, the cleaning fluid nozzle on the central rotating shaft can rotate synchronously when the scraper rotates. By forming a cleaning fluid delivery channel inside the central rotating shaft of the scraper, and by sealing and rotating the central rotating shaft through the housing and connecting it to an external cleaning fluid delivery pipe, the cleaning fluid in the cleaning fluid delivery pipe can enter the cleaning fluid delivery channel and be sprayed onto the inner wall of the rotating drum from the cleaning fluid nozzle. This allows the scraper to drive the central rotating shaft to rotate, rinsing the entire inner wall surface of the rotating drum to remove solid residues and improve the cleaning effect on the inner wall of the rotating drum.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a fuel rod cladding dissolution and recovery system, comprising a dissolver, a solid-liquid separation device as described in the first aspect, and an extractor. The dissolver, upon receiving pulverized fuel rod cladding, dissolves the fuel on the cladding and conveys the dissolved solution to the housing of the solid-liquid separation device. The solid-liquid separation device performs solid-liquid separation on the dissolved solution to separate the fuel rod cladding particles and conveys the remaining liquid to the extractor; wherein the support in the solid-liquid separation device is a radiation shield. The extractor extracts the received liquid to recover fuel elements from it.

[0017] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a solid-liquid separation method using the solid-liquid separation device described in the first aspect. The solid-liquid separation method includes: introducing a solution to be separated into the housing of the solid-liquid separator; driving a rotating drum and a scraper to rotate synchronously via a drive assembly to perform solid-liquid separation; after solid-liquid separation is completed, driving the scraper to rotate relative to the rotating drum via the drive assembly to scrape off the solids on the inner wall of the rotating drum; simultaneously, introducing cleaning fluid into the cleaning fluid delivery channel within the central rotating shaft of the scraper via an external cleaning fluid delivery pipe, so that the cleaning fluid enters the cleaning fluid delivery channel and is sprayed from the cleaning fluid nozzle onto the inner wall of the rotating drum.

[0018] The fuel rod cladding dissolution and recovery system and solid-liquid separation method provided in this embodiment of the invention have the same beneficial effects as the solid-liquid separation device described above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 : A structural diagram of a solid-liquid separation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 : A structural diagram of a transmission mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 : A structural diagram of a power switching mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Among them, 1-first driving component; 2-power switching mechanism; 3-support body; 4-feed pipe; 5-clean liquid outlet; 6-shell; 7-central rotating shaft; 8-slag and water outlet; 9-inner shaft; 10-outer shaft; 11-horizontal connecting plate; 12-rotating drum; 13-scraper; 14-second driving component; 15-fixed clutch; 16-clutch; 17-connecting seat; 18-fixed bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a solid-liquid separation device, which is used in a solid-liquid separation device to separate solids and liquids in a solution so that the separated solids and liquids can be further processed separately.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, the solid-liquid separation device includes a solid-liquid separator and a drive assembly. The solid-liquid separator includes a housing 6, a rotating drum 12, and a scraper 13. The housing 6 is mounted on a support 3 and is used to receive the solution to be separated; the rotating drum 12 is rotatably mounted inside the housing 6, and the scraper 13 is rotatably mounted inside the rotating drum 12. The drive assembly is located on the side of the support 3 away from the housing 6, and passes through the support 3 and the housing 6 in sequence before being connected to the rotating drum 12 and the scraper 13 respectively. It is used to drive the rotating drum 12 and the scraper 13 to rotate synchronously for solid-liquid separation, and to drive the scraper 13 to rotate relative to the rotating drum 12 to scrape off the solids on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12.

[0027] For example, the support 3 can be a wall or a fixed plate, etc.

[0028] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the shell 6 is located below the support 3, or the shell 6 can be fastened to the bottom surface of the support 3, so that together with the support 3, they form a space for receiving the solution to be separated.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the solid-liquid separator also includes a feed pipe 4, which extends from the outside of the shell 6 into the inside of the shell 6. The solution to be separated is fed into the inside of the shell 6 through the feed pipe 4.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the top of the shell 6 has a clear liquid outlet 5, and the bottom of the shell 6 has a slag and water outlet 8. The liquid after solid-liquid separation of the solution to be separated is discharged through the clear liquid outlet 5, and the slag after solid-liquid separation of the solution to be separated is discharged through the slag and water outlet 8, so that the clear liquid and the slag are discharged from different paths.

[0031] It should be noted that the rotating drum 12 and the scraper 13 are existing structures in the field, and their structures and working principles will not be described in detail here.

[0032] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the rotating drum 12 and the scraper 13 are coaxially arranged, so that when the rotating drum 12 and the scraper 13 rotate relative to each other, the distance between the outer side of the scraper 13 and the inner wall of the rotating drum 12 is a constant value, which makes it easy for the scraper 13 to have the same scraping effect on solids at any position on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12.

[0033] For example, the drive assembly may include two motors. One motor passes through the support body 3 and the housing 6 in sequence via a first drive shaft and is connected to the rotating drum 12 to drive the rotating drum 12 to rotate. The other motor passes through the support body 3 and the housing 6 in sequence via a second drive shaft and is connected to the scraper 13 to drive the scraper 13 to rotate. The first drive shaft and the second drive shaft are coaxially arranged so that the rotating drum 12 and the scraper 13 can rotate coaxially.

[0034] For example, by making the two motors rotate synchronously, the rotating drum 12 and the scraper 13 can be driven to rotate synchronously to perform solid-liquid separation; by keeping the motor connected to the rotating drum 12 stationary and the motor connected to the scraper 13 rotating, the motor connected to the scraper 13 can drive the scraper 13 to rotate relative to the rotating drum 12 to scrape off the solids on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the scraper 13 has a central rotating shaft 7, inside which a cleaning fluid delivery channel is formed. The central rotating shaft 7 also has a cleaning fluid nozzle facing the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 12. The central rotating shaft 7 passes through the interior of the housing 6 and is rotatably and sealed to an external cleaning fluid delivery pipe. When the scraper 13 rotates relative to the rotating cylinder 12 to scrape off solids from the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 12, the cleaning fluid in the cleaning fluid delivery pipe enters the cleaning fluid delivery channel and is sprayed from the cleaning fluid nozzle onto the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 12.

[0036] For example, the cleaning solution can be a mixture of deionized water and surfactant. The flow rate of the cleaning solution is 5 L / min to 10 L / min.

[0037] For example, the central rotating shaft 7 is a hollow stainless steel tube, and the cleaning fluid nozzle is set on the side wall of the central rotating shaft 7. The cleaning fluid nozzle is connected to the cleaning fluid delivery channel inside the central rotating shaft 7.

[0038] Understandably, the scraper 13 rotates around the center line of the central shaft 7, and the central shaft 7 is also coaxially arranged with the rotating drum 12. Correspondingly, as... Figure 1 As shown, there is a gap between the central rotating shaft 7 and the feed pipe 4 to avoid interference between the central rotating shaft 7 and the feed pipe 4 when the central rotating shaft 7 drives the cleaning fluid nozzle to rotate.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the central rotating shaft 7 passes through the bottom of the housing 6 and is connected to the external cleaning fluid delivery pipe. The central rotating shaft 7 and the housing 6 are also sealed to prevent the solution inside the housing 6 from leaking.

[0040] In some embodiments, the central rotating shaft 7 is rotatably and sealed to the cleaning fluid delivery pipeline via a rotary joint.

[0041] The rotary joint can deliver fluid during rotation, which allows the central rotating shaft 7 to rotate relative to the cleaning fluid delivery pipeline and enables the cleaning fluid to be delivered to the cleaning fluid delivery channel of the rotating central rotating shaft 7.

[0042] like Figure 1As shown, when the scraper 13 rotates relative to the rotating drum 12 to scrape off the solids on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12, the central rotating shaft 7 rotates synchronously with the scraper 13, thereby driving the cleaning fluid nozzle on the central rotating shaft 7 to rotate. After the cleaning fluid is sprayed out from the cleaning fluid nozzle along the cleaning fluid delivery channel, the entire inner wall surface of the rotating drum 12 can be rinsed to wash away the solid residues on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12, which can completely remove the solid residues on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12 and improve the cleaning effect of the solid residues on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12.

[0043] Therefore, the solid-liquid separation device provided in this embodiment of the invention, by setting a rotating drum 12 and a scraper 13 inside the housing 6, and by having the drive assembly pass through the housing 6 and be connected to the rotating drum 12 and the scraper 13 respectively, can drive the rotating drum 12 and the scraper 13 to rotate synchronously for solid-liquid separation, and can also drive the scraper 13 to rotate relative to the rotating drum 12 to scrape off the solids on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12. By setting a cleaning fluid nozzle on the central rotating shaft 7 of the scraper 13, the cleaning fluid nozzle on the central rotating shaft 7 can rotate synchronously when the scraper 13 rotates. By forming a cleaning fluid delivery channel inside the central rotating shaft 7 of the scraper 13, and making the central rotating shaft 7 pass through the inside of the housing 6 and be sealed and rotatably connected to the external cleaning fluid delivery pipe, the cleaning fluid in the cleaning fluid delivery pipe can enter the cleaning fluid delivery channel and be sprayed from the cleaning fluid nozzle onto the inner wall of the rotating drum 12. Thus, when the scraper 13 drives the central rotating shaft 7 to rotate, it washes the entire inner wall surface of the rotating drum 12 to wash away solid residues on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12, thereby improving the cleaning effect on the solid residues on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12.

[0044] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, there are multiple cleaning fluid nozzles, which are evenly arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the central rotating shaft 7.

[0045] For example, Figure 1 The image shows three cleaning fluid nozzles, with equal spacing between adjacent nozzles.

[0046] For example, the three cleaning fluid nozzles can be oriented in the same or different directions.

[0047] Combination Figure 1 With the above setup, multiple cleaning fluid nozzles can be used to rinse different height positions on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12, so as to achieve a better rinsing effect on solid residues on all positions of the inner wall of the rotating drum 12.

[0048] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cleaning fluid nozzle is directed toward the scraper 13.

[0049] For example, there can be multiple scrapers 13, and the cleaning fluid nozzle can be directed toward any of the scrapers 13.

[0050] With the above settings, when the scraper 13 scrapes off the solid residue on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12, it can dissolve and soften the solid residue on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12, making it easier for the scraper 13 to scrape off the solid residue, and can also rinse the solid residue in the area scraped by the scraper 13, thereby improving the cleaning effect of the solid residue on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12.

[0051] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the drive assembly includes a transmission mechanism, a first drive element 1, and a power switching mechanism 2. Combined with... Figure 2 The transmission mechanism includes an inner shaft 9 and an outer shaft 10. The inner shaft 9 is located inside the outer shaft 10. Both the inner shaft 9 and the outer shaft 10 are coaxially arranged with the central rotating shaft 7 of the scraper 13. The first end of the inner shaft 9 passes through the support body 3 and the housing 6 and is connected to the scraper 13. The first end of the outer shaft 10 passes through the support body 3 and the housing 6 and is connected to the rotating drum 12. The second end of the inner shaft 9 extends to the outside of the second end of the outer shaft 10.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the outer shaft 10 is sleeved outside the inner shaft 9, and the outer shaft 10 and the inner shaft 9 can rotate relative to each other.

[0053] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the inner shaft 9 and the central rotating shaft 7 can be an integral structure, or the inner shaft 9 and the central rotating shaft 7 can be connected to the scraper 13 respectively. The first end of the outer shaft 10 is connected to the rotating drum 12 through the horizontal connecting plate 11.

[0054] Understandably, when the inner shaft 9 and outer shaft 10 rotate synchronously, they can drive the scraper 13 and the rotating drum 12 to rotate synchronously to perform solid-liquid separation. When the outer shaft 10 is stationary and the inner shaft 9 rotates, the inner shaft 9 can drive the scraper 13 to rotate relative to the rotating drum 12 to scrape off the solids on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, the first driving member 1 is mounted on the support body 3 and connected to the second end of the inner shaft 9, used to drive the inner shaft 9 to rotate. The power switching mechanism 2 is mounted on the support body 3 and can be switched to a first state or a second state. When the power switching mechanism 2 is switched to the first state, it enables the second end of the inner shaft 9 to be connected to the second end of the outer shaft 10, so that the inner shaft 9 and the outer shaft 10 rotate synchronously, and drive the scraper 13 and the rotating drum 12 to rotate synchronously. When the power switching mechanism 2 is switched to the second state, the second end of the inner shaft 9 is disconnected from the second end of the outer shaft 10, the inner shaft 9 rotates relative to the outer shaft 10, and drives the scraper 13 to rotate relative to the rotating drum 12.

[0056] For example, such as Figure 1As shown, a fixed bracket 18 is fixed on the upper side of the support body 3, and the first driving component 1 is fixed on the fixed bracket 18.

[0057] For example, the first driving component 1 can be a rotary motor, and the rotating shaft of the rotary motor is connected to the second end of the inner shaft 9 via a coupling.

[0058] For example, the power switching mechanism 2 is fixed on the fixed bracket 18.

[0059] With the above settings, the scraper 13 and the rotating drum 12 can be rotated synchronously by adjusting the state of the power switching mechanism 2, or the scraper 13 can rotate relative to the rotating drum 12, so that solid-liquid separation is performed when the scraper 13 and the rotating drum 12 rotate synchronously, and the solid on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12 is scraped off when the scraper 13 rotates relative to the rotating drum 12, thereby realizing the switching of the working state of the solid-liquid separation device.

[0060] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The inner shaft 9 has a first spline on its outer side at the second end; the outer shaft 10 has a first locking tooth on its second end. The power switching mechanism 2 includes a second drive member 14 and a clutch 16. The second drive member 14 is mounted on the support body 3 and is used to drive the clutch 16 to move axially along the inner shaft 9. The clutch 16 is sleeved on the second end of the inner shaft 9 and can rotate relative to the second drive member 14 and the inner shaft 9. The inner side of the clutch 16 has a second spline that matches the first spline; the side of the clutch 16 facing the outer shaft 10 has a second locking tooth that matches the first locking tooth. When the power switching mechanism 2 is switched to the first state, the second drive member 14 drives the clutch 16 to move closer to the outer shaft 10, so that the second spline of the clutch 16 engages with the first spline of the inner shaft 9, and the second locking tooth on the clutch 16 engages with the first locking tooth of the outer shaft 10, so that the inner shaft 9 drives the outer shaft 10 to rotate synchronously through the clutch 16; when the power switching mechanism 2 is switched to the second state, the second drive member 14 drives the clutch 16 to move away from the outer shaft 10, the second spline of the clutch 16 disengages from the first spline of the inner shaft 9, and the second locking tooth on the clutch 16 disengages from the first locking tooth of the outer shaft 10, so that the inner shaft 9 is disconnected from the outer shaft 10, and the inner shaft 9 rotates relative to the outer shaft 10.

[0061] For example, the second drive member 14 can be a linear motor or a cylinder. The second drive member 14 is fixed on the fixed bracket 18 of the support body 3. The drive end of the second drive member 14 is connected to the clutch 16 and is used to drive the clutch 16 to move up and down.

[0062] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first spline is set on the portion of the inner shaft 9 that extends out of the outer shaft 10, and is located near the second end of the outer shaft 10.

[0063] For example, the first locking tooth and the second locking tooth are arranged opposite to each other so that the second locking tooth can engage with the first locking tooth.

[0064] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 When the power switching mechanism 2 is switched to the first state, the second drive member 14 drives the clutch 16 to move downward. The second spline of the clutch 16 engages with the first spline of the inner shaft 9 so that the clutch 16 rotates synchronously with the inner shaft 9. The second locking tooth on the clutch 16 engages with the first locking tooth of the outer shaft 10 so that the clutch 16 also rotates synchronously with the outer shaft 10. Therefore, through the action of the clutch 16, the inner shaft 9 and the outer shaft 10 rotate synchronously.

[0065] When the power switching mechanism 2 is switched to the second state, the second driving member 14 drives the clutch 16 to move upward. The second spline of the clutch 16 disengages from the first spline of the inner shaft 9, and the second locking tooth on the clutch 16 disengages from the first locking tooth of the outer shaft 10. When the inner shaft 9 rotates, it no longer drives the clutch 16 to rotate, and thus cannot drive the outer shaft 10 to rotate through the clutch 16, so that the inner shaft 9 can rotate relative to the outer shaft 10.

[0066] With the above settings, the clutch 16 is moved by the second drive member 14, and the state of the power switching mechanism 2 can be adjusted by the second drive member 14 to switch the relative rotation state of the inner shaft 9 and the outer shaft 10, thereby switching the working state of the solid-liquid separation device.

[0067] In some examples, such as Figure 3 As shown, a fixed clutch 15 is also fixed at a position opposite to the clutch 16 on the fixed bracket 18. A third locking tooth is provided on the side of the fixed clutch 15 facing the clutch 16, and a fourth locking tooth is provided on the side of the clutch 16 facing the fixed clutch 15. The third locking tooth and the fourth locking tooth are compatible with each other.

[0068] like Figure 3 As shown, when the second drive member 14 drives the clutch 16 to move upward, the clutch 16 and the fixed clutch 15 are fixed by the third and fourth locking teeth, which can keep the clutch 16 stationary.

[0069] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, a connecting seat 17 is provided between the second driving member 14 and the clutch 16. The connecting seat 17 is annular in shape and is connected to the second driving member 14. After being sleeved on the outside of the clutch 16, the connecting seat 17 can rotate relative to the clutch 16 and drive the clutch 16 to move axially along the inner shaft 9. The second driving member 14 is used to drive the connecting seat 17 to move axially along the inner shaft 9, thereby driving the clutch 16 to move axially along the inner shaft 9.

[0070] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the second driving component 14 is a cylinder, and there are two second driving components 14. The two second driving components 14 are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the connecting seat 17 so that the connecting seat 17 is evenly stressed when the two second driving components 14 move the connecting seat 17.

[0071] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the connecting seat 17 and the outer side of the clutch 16 can be connected by a horizontal slide groove, so that the connecting seat 17 can rotate relative to the clutch 16 and drive the clutch 16 to move axially along the inner shaft 9.

[0072] With the above settings, when the inner shaft 9 drives the clutch 16 to rotate, the second drive member 14 can also drive the clutch 16 to move along the axial direction of the inner shaft 9 through the connecting seat 17, so as to adjust the state of the power switching mechanism 2 and switch the working state of the solid-liquid separation device.

[0073] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, a bearing is provided between the connecting seat 17 and the clutch 16. The outer ring of the bearing is fixed to the inner side of the connecting seat 17, and the inner ring of the bearing is fixed to the outer side of the clutch 16.

[0074] For example, the bearing described above is a ball bearing.

[0075] The above settings can reduce the resistance to relative rotation between the connecting seat 17 and the clutch 16.

[0076] Example 2:

[0077] This invention also provides a fuel rod cladding dissolution and recovery system for use in nuclear power reprocessing plants. This system can dissolve and recover fuel elements (e.g., plutonium) from the pulverized fuel rod cladding. The fuel rod cladding dissolution and recovery system includes a dissolver, a solid-liquid separation device as described in Example 1, and an extractor. The dissolver receives the pulverized fuel rod cladding, dissolves the fuel on the cladding, and conveys the dissolved solution to the housing 6 of the solid-liquid separation device. The solid-liquid separation device performs solid-liquid separation on the dissolved solution to separate the fuel rod cladding particles, and conveys the remaining liquid to the extractor. The support 3 in the solid-liquid separation device is a radiation shield. The extractor extracts the received liquid to recover the fuel elements from it.

[0078] When spent fuel assemblies are decommissioned, the fuel elements inside need to be recovered. After the spent fuel assembly is broken down into fuel rods and fuel rod cladding, fuel components will remain on the fuel rod cladding. At this time, the fuel rod cladding needs to be crushed and the fuel elements recovered through a dissolution and extraction process.

[0079] For example, the dissolver and extractor are existing devices in the art, and their structures will not be described in detail here. The support 3 can be a lead shielding layer.

[0080] The dissolver is connected to the solid-liquid separation device via a pipeline, and the solid-liquid separation device is connected to the extractor via a pipeline to facilitate material transport.

[0081] The solvent in the solvent can dissolve the fuel elements on the fuel rod cladding, but will not dissolve the fuel rod cladding itself.

[0082] When fuel rod cladding is crushed, it forms tiny solid particles. Therefore, the solution after dissolving the fuel elements will contain fuel rod cladding particles.

[0083] After the solid-liquid separation device separates the dissolved liquid, it can discharge the fuel rod coating particles from the bottom of the shell 6 and transport the solution after separating the fuel rod coating particles to the extractor under the action of centrifugal force.

[0084] The above setup enables the processing of pulverized fuel rod cladding and the recovery of fuel components. Furthermore, the solid-liquid separation device can rinse the cladding shell 6 after solid-liquid separation, improving the cleaning effect of solid residues inside the shell 6, reducing radioactive residues in the shell 6, and thus reducing radioactive residues in the fuel rod cladding dissolution and recovery system.

[0085] Example 3:

[0086] This invention also provides a solid-liquid separation method, which uses the solid-liquid separation device in Example 1. The solid-liquid separation method includes steps S1-S3.

[0087] S1. Introduce the solution to be separated into the shell 6 of the solid-liquid separator.

[0088] For example, the solid-liquid separator includes a feed pipe 4 through which the solution to be separated enters the housing 6 of the solid-liquid separator.

[0089] For example, the solution to be separated can be the solution obtained after dissolving the pulverized fuel rod cladding in a reprocessing plant. In this case, the solution to be separated contains radioactive elements and solid fuel rod cladding particles.

[0090] S2. The rotating drum 12 and scraper 13 are driven to rotate synchronously by the drive component to perform solid-liquid separation.

[0091] The rotating drum 12 and the scraper 13 rotate synchronously, which can drive the solution to be separated in the shell 6 to rotate at high speed in the shell 6, and achieve solid-liquid separation of the solution to be separated under the action of centrifugal force.

[0092] S3. After solid-liquid separation is completed, the scraper 13 is driven to rotate relative to the rotating drum 12 by the drive component to scrape off the solids on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12. At the same time, the cleaning fluid is introduced into the cleaning fluid delivery channel in the central rotating shaft 7 of the scraper 13 through the external cleaning fluid delivery pipe, so that the cleaning fluid enters the cleaning fluid delivery channel and is sprayed from the cleaning fluid nozzle onto the inner wall of the rotating drum 12.

[0093] When the scraper 13 rotates relative to the rotating drum 12 to scrape off the solids on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12, the central rotating shaft 7 rotates synchronously with the scraper 13, thereby driving the cleaning fluid nozzle on the central rotating shaft 7 to rotate. After the cleaning fluid is sprayed out from the cleaning fluid nozzle along the cleaning fluid delivery channel, the entire inner wall surface of the rotating drum 12 can be rinsed to wash away the solid residues on the inner wall of the rotating drum 12.

[0094] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid-liquid separation device, characterized in that, include: Solid-liquid separator, comprising a housing, a rotating drum, and a scraper; The shell is mounted on the support and is used to receive the solution to be separated; The rotating drum is housed within the casing, and the scraper is housed within the rotating drum; and, The drive assembly is located on the side of the support away from the housing, and passes through the support and housing in sequence before being connected to the rotating drum and the scraper respectively. It is used to drive the rotating drum and the scraper to rotate synchronously for solid-liquid separation, and to drive the scraper to rotate relative to the rotating drum to scrape off the solids on the inner wall of the rotating drum. The scraper has a central rotating shaft with a cleaning fluid delivery channel inside. The central rotating shaft is also equipped with a cleaning fluid nozzle facing the inner wall of the rotating drum. The central rotating shaft passes through the inside of the housing and is rotatably connected to the external cleaning fluid delivery pipe. When the scraper rotates relative to the rotating drum to scrape off the solids on the inner wall of the rotating drum, the cleaning fluid in the cleaning fluid delivery pipe enters the cleaning fluid delivery channel and is sprayed from the cleaning fluid nozzle onto the inner wall of the rotating drum. The driver components include: The transmission mechanism includes an inner shaft and an outer shaft. The inner shaft is located inside the outer shaft. Both the inner and outer shafts are coaxially arranged with the central rotating shaft of the scraper. The first end of the inner shaft passes through the support body and the housing and is connected to the scraper. The first end of the outer shaft passes through the support body and the housing and is connected to the rotating drum. The second end of the inner shaft extends to the outside of the second end of the outer shaft. A first driving component, mounted on the support and connected to the second end of the inner shaft, is used to drive the inner shaft to rotate; and, A power switching mechanism is mounted on a support body and can be switched to a first state or a second state. The power switching mechanism includes: a second drive member mounted on the support body for driving the clutch to move axially along the inner shaft; and a clutch sleeved on the second end of the inner shaft, which can rotate relative to the second drive member and the inner shaft; a second spline is provided on the inner side of the clutch, which is adapted to the first spline; and a second locking tooth is provided on the side of the clutch facing the outer shaft, which is adapted to the first locking tooth. The inner shaft has a first spline on the outer side of its second end; the outer shaft has a first retaining tooth on its second end. When the power switching mechanism is switched to the first state, the second drive member drives the clutch to move closer to the outer shaft, so that the second spline of the clutch engages with the first spline of the inner shaft, and the second locking tooth on the clutch engages with the first locking tooth on the outer shaft, so that the inner shaft drives the outer shaft to rotate synchronously through the clutch, and drives the scraper and the drum to rotate synchronously. When the power switching mechanism is switched to the second state, the second drive member drives the clutch to move away from the outer shaft, the second spline of the clutch disengages from the first spline of the inner shaft, and the second locking tooth on the clutch disengages from the first locking tooth on the outer shaft, so that the inner shaft and the outer shaft are disconnected, the inner shaft rotates relative to the outer shaft, and drives the scraper to rotate relative to the drum. The solid-liquid separator also includes a feed pipe that runs from the outside through the shell and extends into the interior of the shell.

2. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple cleaning fluid nozzles, which are evenly arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the central rotating shaft.

3. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning fluid nozzle is directed towards the scraper.

4. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central rotating shaft is rotatably and sealed to the cleaning fluid delivery pipeline via a rotary joint.

5. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting seat is provided between the second drive component and the clutch; The connecting seat is ring-shaped and is connected to the second driving component. After the connecting seat is sleeved on the outside of the clutch, it can rotate relative to the clutch and drive the clutch to move axially along the inner shaft. The second driving component is used to drive the connecting seat to move axially along the inner shaft, thereby driving the clutch to move axially along the inner shaft.

6. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A bearing is installed between the connecting seat and the clutch. The outer ring of the bearing is fixed to the inner side of the connecting seat, and the inner ring of the bearing is fixed to the outer side of the clutch.

7. A fuel rod cladding dissolution and recovery system, characterized in that, include: The dissolver is used to dissolve the fuel on the fuel rod cladding after receiving the crushed fuel rod cladding, and to transport the dissolved solution into the housing of the solid-liquid separation device. The solid-liquid separation device according to any one of claims 1-6 is used to perform solid-liquid separation on a dissolved solution to separate fuel rod cladding particles and to transport the remaining liquid after separation to an extractor; wherein the support in the solid-liquid separation device is a shield capable of shielding radiation. and, An extractor is used to extract received liquid to recover fuel elements from the liquid.

8. A solid-liquid separation method, characterized in that, Using the solid-liquid separation apparatus according to any one of claims 1-6, the solid-liquid separation method comprises: The solution to be separated is introduced into the shell of the solid-liquid separator; Solid-liquid separation is achieved by driving the rotating drum and scraper to rotate synchronously through the drive component. After solid-liquid separation is completed, the drive assembly drives the scraper to rotate relative to the rotating drum to scrape off the solids on the inner wall of the rotating drum. At the same time, the cleaning fluid is introduced into the cleaning fluid delivery channel in the central rotating shaft of the scraper through the external cleaning fluid delivery pipe, so that the cleaning fluid enters the cleaning fluid delivery channel and is sprayed from the cleaning fluid nozzle onto the inner wall of the rotating drum.

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