Laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method, system and medium with integrated temperature control feedback

Abstract

The application discloses a laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method and system integrated with temperature control feedback, and a medium, relates to the technical field of laser cutting, and comprises the following steps: according to the driving power supply of a laser and a preset cutting task, a first power instruction is issued to the driving power supply to provide constant current driving; under the first frequency response requirement, the cutting molten pool temperature is collected, power correction analysis is carried out according to the preset target temperature interval, a first power correction signal is generated, the output power of the laser is dynamically adjusted, and the cutting speed, the auxiliary gas flow or the cooling intensity are cooperatively adjusted; under the second frequency response requirement, the local temperature field distribution of the workpiece is collected, the thermal accumulation degree of the thermal influence area is analyzed, and the decision and control of the skip area, the speed adjustment or the cooling gap are executed. The application solves the technical problem of thermal deformation caused by inaccurate temperature control in the laser cutting process in the prior art, and achieves the technical effects of effectively suppressing thermal deformation, improving cutting quality and precision in the laser cutting process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser cutting, and in particular to a laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method and system integrated with temperature control feedback and a medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the laser cutting process, the high-energy irradiation of the laser beam can cause the local temperature of the workpiece to rise, thereby causing thermal deformation. Due to inaccurate temperature control, the heat-affected zone is prone to being too large or the heat accumulation is prone to being too much, which can cause deformation, size deviation, and a decrease in cutting quality of the cut workpiece. This problem is particularly pronounced in precision cutting or thin material cutting. Existing temperature control methods usually rely on the adjustment of laser power and cooling, but lack real-time feedback and precise control, and cannot respond to the changing temperature distribution in the cutting process in a timely manner, ultimately resulting in ineffective suppression of thermal deformation and affecting cutting precision and finished product quality. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method and system integrated with temperature control feedback and a medium, which are used to solve the technical problem of thermal deformation caused by inaccurate temperature control in the laser cutting process in the prior art.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method and system integrated with temperature control feedback and a medium.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present application, a laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method integrated with temperature control feedback is provided, which comprises:

[0006] According to the driving power supply of the laser and the preset cutting task, the controller of the laser issues a first power instruction to the driving power supply to provide constant current driving; the cutting molten pool temperature is collected in real time under a first frequency response requirement, power correction analysis is performed according to a preset target temperature interval, a first power correction signal is generated and input to the driving power supply, the output power of the laser is dynamically adjusted, and the cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow, or cooling intensity is adjusted in coordination; the local temperature field distribution of the workpiece is collected in real time under a second frequency response requirement, the heat accumulation degree of the heat-affected zone is analyzed, and decisions and controls of zone skipping, speed adjustment, or cooling insertion are executed, wherein the first frequency response requirement is greater than the second frequency response requirement.

[0007] In a second aspect of the present application, a laser cutting thermal deformation suppression system integrated with temperature control feedback is provided, which comprises:

[0008] The instruction issuing module is configured to issue a first power instruction to the driving power supply of the laser device according to the driving power supply of the laser device and a preset cutting task, so that the driving power supply provides constant current driving; the dynamic adjustment module is configured to collect the cutting molten pool temperature in real time under a first frequency response requirement, perform power correction analysis according to a preset target temperature interval, generate a first power correction signal input to the driving power supply, dynamically adjust the output power of the laser device, and cooperatively adjust the cutting speed, the auxiliary gas flow or the cooling intensity; and the decision control module is configured to collect the local temperature field distribution of the workpiece in real time under a second frequency response requirement, analyze the heat accumulation degree of the heat affected zone, and perform decision and control of zone skipping, speed adjustment or cooling gap.

[0009] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the laser cutting heat deformation suppression method with integrated temperature control feedback.

[0010] The one or more technical solutions provided in the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0011] According to the present application, the controller of the laser device issues a first power instruction to the driving power supply of the laser device according to the driving power supply of the laser device and a preset cutting task, so that the driving power supply provides constant current driving; the cutting molten pool temperature is collected in real time under a first frequency response requirement, power correction analysis is performed according to a preset target temperature interval, a first power correction signal is generated and input to the driving power supply, the output power of the laser device is dynamically adjusted, and the cutting speed, the auxiliary gas flow or the cooling intensity are cooperatively adjusted; the local temperature field distribution of the workpiece is collected in real time under a second frequency response requirement, the heat accumulation degree of the heat affected zone is analyzed, and decision and control of zone skipping, speed adjustment or cooling gap are performed, wherein the first frequency response requirement is greater than the second frequency response requirement. The present application solves the technical problem of heat deformation caused by inaccurate temperature control in the laser cutting process in the prior art, and achieves the technical effects of effectively suppressing heat deformation, improving cutting quality and precision in the laser cutting process by adjusting the laser power, the cutting speed, the auxiliary gas flow and the cooling intensity in real time, combining local temperature field distribution analysis and heat affected zone control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1A flowchart of a laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0014] Figure 2 A structure diagram of a laser cutting thermal deformation suppression system provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0015] Legend: instruction issuing module 11, dynamic adjustment module 12, decision control module 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present application provides a laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method, system and medium by integrating temperature control feedback, aiming to solve the technical problem of thermal deformation caused by inaccurate temperature control in the laser cutting process. By adjusting the laser power, cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow and cooling intensity in real time, combined with local temperature field distribution analysis and thermal influence area control, the technical effect of effectively suppressing thermal deformation and improving cutting quality and precision in the laser cutting process is achieved.

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0018] It should be noted that any variation of the terms "comprise" and "have" is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or server comprising a series of steps or units does not have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or modules that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0019] Embodiment one, as shown in the figure, the present application provides a laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method integrating temperature control feedback, the method comprises: Figure 1

[0020] Step S100: According to the driving power supply of the laser and the preset cutting task, the controller of the laser issues a first power instruction to the driving power supply to provide constant current driving.

[0021] Further, the method provided by the application embodiment further comprises:

[0022] The driving power supply comprises a power factor correction circuit, an isolation type direct current conversion circuit and a multi-phase interleaved Buck constant current driving circuit.

[0023] ​In the embodiments of the present application, first, according to the driving power supply of the laser and the preset cutting task, the controller of the laser generates and issues a first power instruction to the driving power supply according to the requirements of the cutting task. The preset cutting task includes cutting path, power, cutting speed and other parameters. These tasks have been preset by technical experts according to the material, thickness and cutting requirements of the workpiece before cutting. The controller of the laser issues a first power instruction to the driving power supply to provide constant current drive according to these preset task parameters.

[0024] Among them, the driving power supply is responsible for converting the input power into stable direct current constant current output, and driving the laser to work normally. In order to ensure that the output current of the laser is stable and meets the requirements of the cutting task, the driving power supply includes a power factor correction circuit, an isolated direct current conversion circuit and a multi-phase interleaved Buck constant current drive circuit.

[0025] The power factor correction circuit (PFC) plays a role in improving the efficiency of electrical energy use in the driving power supply. It adjusts the phase of the input current to make the current waveform consistent with the voltage waveform, thereby reducing the loss of reactive power and ensuring efficient operation of the power supply system. The isolated direct current conversion circuit is responsible for converting the input alternating current power into direct current voltage, and through electrical isolation technology, it avoids the influence of high-voltage power on other parts of the system. The multi-phase interleaved Buck constant current drive circuit reduces the direct current voltage and adjusts it to precise constant current output, ensuring stable and continuous current supply for the laser. The Buck circuit converts the input voltage into a constant current suitable for the working requirements of the laser through efficient current regulation, ensuring that the output power of the laser is accurate and stable during laser cutting and is not affected by current fluctuations.

[0026] Step S200: Real-time acquisition of cutting molten pool temperature under first frequency response requirement, power correction analysis according to preset target temperature interval, generation of first power correction signal input to the driving power supply, dynamic adjustment of the output power of the laser, and coordinated adjustment of the cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow or cooling intensity.

[0027] In the embodiments of the present application, the first frequency response requirement refers to the response speed and frequency of temperature changes, which requires rapid acquisition of temperature data and adjustment within a short period of time. The first frequency response requirement is preset, for example, it can be 20 kHz.

[0028] Under the first frequency response requirement, the cutting molten pool temperature is collected in real time by a coaxial double-color pyrometer, and the collected temperature is compared with the preset target temperature interval to calculate the temperature error. The error is then input into a PID controller to generate a correction signal for the laser power through the PID algorithm as the first power correction signal. This correction signal is sent to the driving power supply to dynamically adjust the output power of the laser to ensure that the molten pool temperature is maintained in the preset target interval. At the same time, the system also trains the empirical relationship between the laser power and the cutting speed, the auxiliary gas flow and the cooling intensity according to the historical cutting data, and uses these empirical relationships to calculate the first power correction signal to generate control parameters for the cutting speed, the auxiliary gas flow or the cooling intensity, thereby realizing the coordinated control of the laser power and other cutting parameters.

[0029] Further, the method provided by the application embodiment further comprises the following steps under the first frequency response requirement of real-time collection of the cutting molten pool temperature and power correction analysis according to the preset target temperature interval:

[0030] The cutting molten pool temperature is collected in real time by a coaxial double-color pyrometer. The cutting molten pool temperature is compared with the preset target temperature interval to calculate the temperature error. The temperature error is input into a PID controller to generate a correction signal for the laser power as the first power correction signal.

[0031] In the application embodiment, the cutting molten pool temperature is first collected in real time by a coaxial double-color pyrometer. The coaxial double-color pyrometer uses the double-color temperature measurement principle to calculate the molten pool temperature by collecting radiation light of different wavelengths emitted by the molten pool. Due to its coaxial design, it directly measures the temperature of the cutting area without being disturbed by ambient light, thereby providing accurate temperature data.

[0032] Then, the collected cutting molten pool temperature is compared with the preset target temperature interval. The preset target temperature interval is determined based on the material type, thickness and cutting speed of the workpiece in the historical standard database, for example, set to 1800℃±10℃, to ensure that the molten pool temperature is maintained within the optimal range to avoid excessive temperature causing thermal deformation or low temperature affecting the cutting quality. Through comparison, it is judged whether the temperature is within the preset target temperature interval. If there is a deviation, the temperature error, i.e. the difference between the molten pool temperature and the preset target temperature interval, is calculated.

[0033] The calculated temperature error is then input into a PID controller. The PID controller adjusts the temperature by proportional (P), integral (I) and derivative (D) algorithms. The proportional part adjusts the laser power according to the current temperature error, the integral part corrects the long-term temperature deviation, and the derivative part predicts the future trend of temperature change according to the speed of temperature change, so as to adjust the response speed of power output. Through this process, a first power correction signal, i.e. an instruction to adjust the laser power, is generated to correct the deviation of the molten pool temperature.

[0034] Finally, the first power correction signal generated by the PID controller is transmitted to the driving power supply, and the driving power supply adjusts the output power of the laser according to the signal.

[0035] Further, the method provided by the application embodiment further comprises:

[0036] The preset target temperature range is determined by matching the material type, thickness and cutting speed of the cutting workpiece in the historical standard database.

[0037] In the application embodiment, the preset target temperature range is determined by matching the material type, thickness and cutting speed of the cutting workpiece in the historical standard database. Specifically, first, the material type, thickness and cutting speed of the current preset cutting task are compared with the historical cutting data stored in the database, and each historical record contains corresponding cutting conditions and a target temperature range. By using the cosine similarity calculation method, the similarity between the parameters of the current preset cutting task and the cutting parameters of each record in the historical standard database is calculated. Finally, the historical record most similar to the current task is selected, and the target temperature range corresponding to the record is taken as the preset target temperature range.

[0038] Further, in the method provided by the application embodiment, the first power correction signal is input to the driving power supply, the output power of the laser is dynamically adjusted, and the cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow or cooling intensity is also adjusted, and the method further comprises:

[0039] The historical laser cutting data of the cutting workpiece is collected, and a first empirical relationship between the laser power and the cutting speed, a second empirical relationship between the laser power and the auxiliary gas flow, and a third empirical relationship between the laser power and the cooling intensity are trained. The first empirical relationship, the second empirical relationship and the third empirical relationship are used to calculate the relationship of the first power correction signal, to generate control parameters of the cutting speed, the auxiliary gas flow or the cooling intensity, and to perform coordinated control when the power is corrected.

[0040] In the embodiments of the present application, first, historical laser cutting data of the cut workpiece is collected from a historical database. The historical database contains detailed records of multiple cutting tasks, including the material type, thickness, cutting speed, laser power, auxiliary gas flow, and cooling intensity of different workpieces.

[0041] Next, a first empirical relationship between laser power and cutting speed is trained through regression analysis or other machine learning methods. In this process, the laser power and cutting speed in the historical laser cutting data are used as input variables, and the relationship between laser power and cutting speed is quantified through regression analysis or other methods. For example, historical data shows that when the laser power increases, the cutting speed should be appropriately reduced to maintain cutting quality. Regression analysis will help determine the specific relationship between the two, resulting in the first empirical relationship.

[0042] Similarly, a second empirical relationship between laser power and auxiliary gas flow is trained. By analyzing the change pattern between laser power and auxiliary gas flow in the historical data, an empirical relationship between the two is obtained through regression analysis or other methods. For example, when the laser power increases, the auxiliary gas flow needs to be increased accordingly to maintain the cutting effect. By quantifying this relationship through regression analysis, the second empirical relationship is obtained.

[0043] Similarly, a third empirical relationship between laser power and cooling intensity is trained. By using the records of laser power and cooling intensity in the historical data, regression analysis or other methods are used to obtain the relationship between laser power and cooling intensity. Historical data shows that when the laser power increases, the cooling intensity should be increased to prevent the molten pool from overheating, thereby ensuring cutting quality. By quantifying this relationship through regression analysis, the third empirical relationship is obtained.

[0044] After that, the first power correction signal is calculated based on the first empirical relationship, the second empirical relationship, and the third empirical relationship. When the laser power needs to be adjusted, the changes in cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow, and cooling intensity are calculated based on the previously obtained empirical relationships. For example, if the temperature error requires an increase in laser power, the corresponding reduction in cutting speed is calculated using the first empirical relationship, the increase in auxiliary gas flow based on the second empirical relationship, and the increase in cooling intensity according to the third empirical relationship.

[0045] Finally, based on the calculated control parameters of cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow, and cooling intensity, a coordinated control during power correction is performed. For example, when the laser power needs to be increased, the cutting speed may be reduced, and the gas flow and cooling intensity may be increased accordingly to maintain the temperature stability of the cutting area. Through this coordinated control, the parameters in the laser cutting process are coordinated to optimize temperature control, reduce thermal deformation, and improve cutting precision.

[0046] Step S300: collecting the local temperature field distribution of the workpiece in real time under a second frequency response requirement, analyzing the heat accumulation degree of the heat-affected zone, and performing decision and control of skipping area, speed adjustment, or cooling gap, wherein the first frequency response requirement is greater than the second frequency response requirement.

[0047] In the embodiments of the present application, the first frequency response requirement is greater than the second frequency response requirement during laser cutting. The second frequency response requirement is also pre-set, for example, 1 kHz.

[0048] Under the second frequency response requirement, first, the thermal imager is used to scan the cutting area to generate the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece. Next, the heat accumulation of each local area is estimated after the consistent region merging based on the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece. On the basis of obtaining the heat accumulation, next, the identification of the heat-affected zone distribution is performed, and it is determined through the analysis of the temperature field data which areas belong to the heat-affected zone. According to the distribution of the heat-affected zone and the heat accumulation of each area, the decision of whether to skip area, adjust speed, or cool the gap is made. For example, when the heat accumulation of some areas is more serious, the heat input is reduced by reducing the cutting speed (i.e. speed adjustment), or the temperature of the overheated area is reduced by increasing the cooling intensity (such as increasing the flow of cooling liquid or gas). Skipping area means skipping some overheated areas to avoid excessive heating in these areas and ensure the cutting quality.

[0049] Through these steps, under the second frequency response requirement, the heat control in the cutting process is more stable, and the response time is longer, which is suitable for avoiding the influence of long-term heat accumulation on the cutting quality. This lower frequency response (for example, 1 kHz) can adjust the temperature at different stages of the cutting process, thereby avoiding the adverse effects of overheated areas on the cutting quality.

[0050] Further, in the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, under the second frequency response requirement, the local temperature field distribution of the workpiece is collected in real time, the heat accumulation degree of the heat-affected zone is analyzed, and the decision and control of skipping area, speed adjustment, or cooling gap are performed, which further comprises:

[0051] scanning the cutting area using a thermal imager to generate the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece; estimating the heat accumulation of each local area after merging the consistent regions according to the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece; identifying the distribution of the heat-affected zone according to the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece, and selecting and parameter deciding skipping area, speed adjustment, or cooling gap in combination with the heat accumulation of each local area.

[0052] In the embodiments of the present application, first, the thermal imager is used to scan the cutting area to monitor the temperature of different positions on the surface of the workpiece in real time, and generate the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece.

[0053] Then, according to the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece, the temperature field consistent regions are merged. Specifically, regions with close temperatures are merged into a large temperature field consistent region according to a temperature difference threshold (e.g., 5°C). Through this merging, the parts with small temperature differences between regions are considered as the same temperature field region. For example, if the temperature of a region is 1800°C and the temperature of the adjacent region is 1802°C, and the preset threshold is 5°C, the two regions are merged into a temperature field consistent region.

[0054] After the merging of the temperature field consistent regions is completed, the heat accumulation of each local region is estimated. The heat accumulation is the integral of temperature over time, which represents the total amount of heat input in a region. Specifically, the integral of the temperature change over time in the merged temperature field consistent region is calculated to estimate the heat accumulation of the region. For example, if the temperature of a region is above 1800°C for a long time, and the temperature of another region is relatively stable, the heat accumulation is evaluated by calculating the integral of the temperature change over time.

[0055] Subsequently, according to the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece, the heat affected zone distribution is identified, and the selection and parameter decision of zone skipping, speed adjustment, or cooling gap are made based on the heat accumulation of each local region. In this process, first, according to the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece and the heat accumulation, these data are compared with the first preset constraint range. If the heat accumulation or the heat affected zone distribution of the local region exceeds the preset constraint range, the joint adjustment simulation of the cutting speed and the cooling gap is performed. Through simulation, the heat accumulation and the heat affected zone under different adjustment parameters are calculated, and it is judged whether they still exceed the preset constraint range. If the simulation result shows that the heat accumulation or the heat affected zone exceeds the predetermined range, the path skipping decision is executed, i.e., skipping these high-temperature regions to continue cutting. If the simulation result shows that the heat accumulation and the heat affected zone do not exceed the constraint range, the cutting is continued, and the joint regulation of the cutting speed and the cooling gap is performed with the optimal adjustment parameters to ensure the temperature control stability during cutting. If the heat accumulation does not exceed the range, the temperature stability of the workpiece is ensured through cooling treatment.

[0056] Further, the method provided by the application embodiment further comprises:

[0057] When the heat accumulation and the heat affected zone distribution of each local region exceed the first preset constraint range, the joint adjustment simulation of the cutting speed and the cooling gap is performed, and it is judged whether the simulation heat accumulation and the simulation heat affected zone under the optimal adjustment parameters exceed the first preset constraint range. If yes, the path skipping decision is executed, and if no, the joint regulation of the cutting speed adjustment and the cooling gap is performed with the optimal adjustment parameters.

[0058] In the embodiments of the present application, firstly, the heat accumulation and the heat affected zone distribution of each local region are compared with a first preset constraint range. The first preset constraint range is a safe temperature control range set based on the material characteristics of the workpiece, the cutting task requirements and the process standards, and is used to avoid cutting defects caused by overheating.

[0059] When the heat accumulation and the heat affected zone distribution of each local region exceed the first preset constraint range, joint adjustment simulation of the cutting speed and the cooling gap is performed. In this process, firstly, the system will generate an initial region model according to the local temperature field distribution information and the heat accumulation of the workpiece. Based on the current temperature control data, the initial region model provides a preliminary thermal state of the cutting region. Then, the historical cutting speed adjustment strategy is collected, and the relationship between the cutting speed and the heat accumulation and the heat affected zone is analyzed to generate a first adjustment relationship. At the same time, the historical cooling data is collected, and the relationship between the cooling parameters of the cooling gap and the heat accumulation and the heat affected zone is analyzed to generate a second adjustment relationship. Combining the two, based on the initial region model, iterative adjustment analysis of the cutting speed and the cooling gap is performed until the heat accumulation and the heat affected zone are stabilized within an acceptable range. The simulation analysis will optimize the parameters of the cutting speed and the cooling gap through multiple iterations to find the optimal adjustment scheme. When the optimal adjustment parameters are determined, it is judged whether the simulation heat accumulation and the simulation heat affected zone still exceed the first preset constraint range under these optimal parameters. If the simulation result shows that the heat accumulation or the heat affected zone still exceeds the preset range, path jump decision is performed, that is, the cutting is skipped in the overheated region to avoid further heating of these regions. If the simulation result shows that the heat accumulation and the heat affected zone are within an acceptable range, the preferred adjustment parameters are used to continue the joint regulation of the cutting speed adjustment and the cooling gap to ensure temperature stability during the cutting process and avoid thermal deformation or cutting quality problems caused by overheating.

[0060] When the heat accumulation and the heat affected zone distribution of each local region do not exceed the first preset constraint range, joint adjustment simulation of the cutting speed and the cooling gap is not required. At this time, cooling processing is directly performed to quickly reduce the temperature of the overheated region by increasing the flow of the cooling liquid or gas to ensure that the temperature of the workpiece is stable within a safe range and avoid further heat accumulation or temperature problems.

[0061] Further, the method provided by the embodiments of the present application further comprises:

[0062] cutting region modeling is performed based on the heat accumulation and heat affected zone distribution of each local region, an initial region model is generated; historical cutting speed adjustment strategies are collected, and a first adjustment relationship between cutting speed and heat accumulation and heat affected zone is analyzed; historical cooling data are collected, and a second adjustment relationship between cooling parameters of a cooling gap and heat accumulation and heat affected zone is analyzed; the first adjustment relationship and the second adjustment relationship are combined, and based on the initial region model, iterative adjustment analysis of cutting speed and cooling gap is performed until a preset iteration stop condition is reached, and the optimal adjustment parameters are generated.

[0063] In the embodiments of the present application, first, based on the heat accumulation and heat affected zone distribution of each local region, the cutting region is modeled through data collection and modeling technology, and an initial region model is generated. Specifically, based on the obtained heat accumulation and heat affected zone distribution data, a numerical modeling technology (such as finite element analysis) is used to generate an initial region model.

[0064] Next, historical cutting speed adjustment strategies are collected from a historical database, and a regression analysis or machine learning technology is used to analyze the relationship between cutting speed and heat accumulation and heat affected zone, and a first adjustment relationship is generated. Specifically, the correlation between cutting speed and heat accumulation and heat affected zone in the historical data is analyzed, and a mathematical relationship between cutting speed and heat control is established. For example, the trend of heat input change when the cutting speed changes is determined through regression analysis, thereby forming the first adjustment relationship.

[0065] At the same time, historical cooling data are collected, and through statistical analysis or multiple regression analysis, the relationship between cooling parameters (such as cooling liquid flow, gas flow) of a cooling gap and heat accumulation and heat affected zone is analyzed, and a second adjustment relationship is generated. This process analyzes the influence of different cooling intensities on temperature control effect, for example, how increasing the cooling liquid flow or gas flow affects the slowing down of heat accumulation, and the second adjustment relationship is obtained. This adjustment relationship clearly shows the role of cooling gap parameters in controlling heat affected zone and heat accumulation.

[0066] Then, the first adjustment relationship and the second adjustment relationship are combined, and based on the initial region model, a simulation optimization algorithm (such as genetic algorithm or particle swarm optimization) is used to perform iterative adjustment analysis of cutting speed and cooling gap. In this process, the parameters of cutting speed and cooling gap are adjusted through multiple simulations, and the temperature control effect is gradually optimized. After each simulation, the effect of the current setting is evaluated according to the changes in heat accumulation and heat affected zone, and the parameters of cutting speed and cooling gap are adjusted so that heat accumulation and heat affected zone always remain within a preset safe range. This process will continue until a preset iteration stop condition is reached, such as stable heat control effect or reaching the maximum number of iterations.

[0067] Ultimately, through this series of optimizations and simulations, optimal adjustment parameters are generated, which are based on the best combination of cutting speed and cooling penetration intensity.

[0068] In summary, the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects:

[0069] This application, based on the laser's driving power supply and a preset cutting task, involves the laser controller issuing a first power command to the driving power supply to provide constant current drive; real-time acquisition of the molten pool temperature under a first frequency response requirement, performing power correction analysis according to a preset target temperature range, generating a first power correction signal input to the driving power supply, dynamically adjusting the laser's output power, and coordinating adjustments to the cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, or cooling intensity; real-time acquisition of the workpiece's local temperature field distribution under a second frequency response requirement, analyzing the degree of heat accumulation in the heat-affected zone, and executing decisions and controls such as skipping zones, speed adjustment, or cooling gap insertion, wherein the first frequency response requirement is greater than the second frequency response requirement. This invention solves the technical problem of thermal deformation caused by inaccurate temperature control during laser cutting in the prior art. By real-time adjustment of laser power, cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, and cooling intensity, combined with local temperature field distribution analysis and heat-affected zone control, it achieves the technical effect of effectively suppressing thermal deformation and improving cutting quality and precision during laser cutting.

[0070] Example 2, based on the same inventive concept as the laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method integrating temperature control feedback in the aforementioned examples, such as... Figure 2 As shown, this application provides a laser cutting thermal deformation suppression system with integrated temperature control feedback. The system and method embodiments in this application are based on the same inventive concept. The system includes:

[0071] The instruction issuing module 11 is used to issue a first power instruction to the drive power supply to provide constant current drive based on the laser's drive power supply and the preset cutting task; the dynamic adjustment module 12 is used to collect the cutting molten pool temperature in real time under the first frequency response requirement, perform power correction analysis according to the preset target temperature range, generate a first power correction signal input to the drive power supply, dynamically adjust the output power of the laser, and coordinately adjust the cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, or cooling intensity; the decision control module 13 is used to collect the local temperature field distribution of the workpiece in real time under the second frequency response requirement, analyze the degree of heat accumulation in the heat-affected zone, and perform decision and control such as skipping zones, speed adjustment, or cooling gap insertion, wherein the first frequency response requirement is greater than the second frequency response requirement.

[0072] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions:

[0073] The driving power supply comprises a power factor correction circuit, an isolated direct current conversion circuit and a multi-phase interleaved Buck constant current driving circuit.

[0074] Further, the system is also used to realize the following functions:

[0075] The cutting molten pool temperature is collected in real time by a coaxial double-color high-temperature meter; the cutting molten pool temperature is compared with a preset target temperature interval to calculate a temperature error; and the temperature error is input into a PID controller to generate a correction signal of laser power as a first power correction signal.

[0076] Further, the system is also used to realize the following functions:

[0077] The preset target temperature interval is determined based on the material type, thickness and cutting speed of the cutting workpiece in a historical standard database.

[0078] Further, the system is also used to realize the following functions:

[0079] The historical laser cutting data of the cutting workpiece is collected to train a first empirical relationship between laser power and cutting speed, a second empirical relationship between laser power and auxiliary gas flow and a third empirical relationship between laser power and cooling intensity; the first empirical relationship, the second empirical relationship and the third empirical relationship are used to perform relationship calculation on the first power correction signal to generate a control parameter of cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow or cooling intensity for cooperative control during power correction.

[0080] Further, the system is also used to realize the following functions:

[0081] The cutting area is scanned by a thermal imager to generate workpiece local temperature field distribution information; the thermal accumulation of each local area is estimated after the merging of the temperature field consistent areas according to the workpiece local temperature field distribution information; the thermal influence area distribution is identified according to the workpiece local temperature field distribution information, and the selection and parameter decision of zone skipping, speed adjustment or cooling insertion are performed in combination with the thermal accumulation of each local area.

[0082] Further, the system is also used to realize the following functions:

[0083] When the thermal accumulation of each local area and the thermal influence area distribution exceed a first preset constraint range, joint adjustment simulation of cutting speed and cooling insertion is performed, and it is judged whether the simulation thermal accumulation and the simulation thermal influence area exceed the first preset constraint range under the optimal adjustment parameter; if yes, path skipping decision is performed, and if no, joint regulation of cutting speed adjustment and cooling insertion is performed under the optimal adjustment parameter.

[0084] Further, the system is also used to realize the following functions:

[0085] The cutting area model is established according to the heat accumulation and heat affected zone distribution of each local area, and an initial area model is generated; a historical cutting speed adjustment strategy is collected, and a first adjustment relationship between the cutting speed and the heat accumulation and heat affected zone is analyzed; historical cooling data is collected, and a second adjustment relationship between the cooling parameters of the cooling gap and the heat accumulation and heat affected zone is analyzed; the first adjustment relationship and the second adjustment relationship are combined, and based on the initial area model, iterative adjustment analysis of the cutting speed and the cooling gap is performed until a preset iteration stop condition is reached, and the optimal adjustment parameters are generated.

[0086] In the third embodiment, based on the laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method with integrated temperature control feedback in the foregoing embodiments, the same inventive concept is provided, and the application also provides a computer readable storage medium, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program implements the steps of the method in any one of the first embodiment when executed.

[0087] It should be noted that the above-mentioned sequence of the embodiments of the application is only for description, and does not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. The above describes a specific embodiment of the present application. The processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order and continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multi-task processing and parallel processing are also possible or can be advantageous.

[0088] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the application and does not limit the application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the application should be included in the protection scope of the application.

[0089] The present specification and drawings are merely exemplary of the application, and any and all modifications, variations or equivalents that fall within the scope of the application should be considered covered by the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application belong to the scope of the present application and its equivalents, the present application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method of laser cutting thermal distortion mitigation with integrated temperature control feedback, characterized in that, The application relates to a laser cutting method and device. According to the driving power supply of the laser and a preset cutting task, a first power instruction is sent to the driving power supply by a controller of the laser to provide constant current driving; In a first frequency response requirement, the cutting molten pool temperature is collected in real time, power correction analysis is carried out according to a preset target temperature interval, a first power correction signal is generated and input to the driving power supply, the output power of the laser is dynamically adjusted, and the cutting speed, the auxiliary gas flow or the cooling intensity is adjusted; In a second frequency response requirement, the local temperature field distribution of the workpiece is collected in real time, the heat accumulation degree of the heat affected zone is analyzed, and the decision and control of zone skipping, speed adjustment or cooling insertion are executed, wherein the first frequency response requirement is greater than the second frequency response requirement. In the first frequency response requirement, the cutting molten pool temperature is collected in real time, power correction analysis is carried out according to a preset target temperature interval, which includes: The cutting molten pool temperature is collected in real time by a coaxial double-color pyrometer; The cutting molten pool temperature is compared with the preset target temperature interval, and the temperature error is calculated; The temperature error is input to a PID controller to generate a correction signal of the laser power as the first power correction signal; The first power correction signal is generated and input to the driving power supply to dynamically adjust the output power of the laser, and the cutting speed, the auxiliary gas flow or the cooling intensity is adjusted. The historical laser cutting data of the cutting workpiece is collected, the first empirical relationship between the laser power and the cutting speed, the second empirical relationship between the laser power and the auxiliary gas flow and the third empirical relationship between the laser power and the cooling intensity are trained, the first power correction signal is calculated based on the first empirical relationship, the second empirical relationship and the third empirical relationship, the control parameters of the cutting speed, the auxiliary gas flow or the cooling intensity are generated, and the coordinated control during power correction is executed. In the second frequency response requirement, the local temperature field distribution of the workpiece is collected in real time, the heat accumulation degree of the heat affected zone is analyzed, and the decision and control of zone skipping, speed adjustment or cooling insertion are executed, which includes: The cutting area is scanned by using a thermal imager to generate the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece; After the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece is merged, the heat accumulation of each local area is estimated; The heat affected zone distribution is identified based on the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece, and the selection and parameter decision of zone skipping, speed adjustment or cooling insertion are carried out in combination with the heat accumulation of each local area. When the heat accumulation of each local area and the heat affected zone distribution exceed a first preset constraint range, the joint adjustment simulation of the cutting speed and the cooling insertion is executed, and it is judged whether the simulation heat accumulation and the simulation heat affected zone exceed the first preset constraint range under the optimal adjustment parameters. If yes, the path skipping decision is executed, and if no, the joint regulation of the cutting speed adjustment and the cooling insertion is carried out under the optimal adjustment parameters. The driving power supply includes a power factor correction circuit, an isolation type direct current conversion circuit and a multi-phase interleaved Buck constant current driving circuit. ​ 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the integrated temperature control feedback laser cutting thermal distortion mitigation method is characterized by, ​ 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the integrated temperature control feedback laser cutting thermal distortion mitigation method is characterized by, The preset target temperature interval is determined by matching the material type, thickness and cutting speed of the cutting workpiece in a historical standard database.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the integrated temperature control feedback laser cutting thermal distortion mitigation method is characterized by, The combined adjustment simulation of the cutting speed and the cooling gap is performed, including: cutting area modeling is performed according to the heat accumulation amount and the heat affected zone distribution of the local area, to generate an initial area model; a historical cutting speed adjustment strategy is collected, and a first adjustment relationship between the cutting speed and the heat accumulation amount and the heat affected zone is analyzed; historical cooling data is collected, and a second adjustment relationship between the cooling parameter of the cooling gap and the heat accumulation amount and the heat affected zone is analyzed; the first adjustment relationship and the second adjustment relationship are combined, and iterative adjustment analysis of the cutting speed and the cooling gap is performed based on the initial area model until a preset iteration stop condition is reached, to generate the optimal adjustment parameter.

5. A laser cutting thermal distortion mitigation system integrated with temperature control feedback, characterized in that, The system is used to perform the laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method with integrated temperature control feedback as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, and the system comprises: an instruction issuing module configured to issue a first power instruction to a drive power supply of a laser according to the drive power supply and a preset cutting task, and to provide constant current driving to the drive power supply by the controller of the laser; a dynamic adjustment module configured to collect the cutting molten pool temperature in real time under a first frequency response requirement, to perform power correction analysis according to a preset target temperature interval, to generate a first power correction signal input to the drive power supply, to dynamically adjust the output power of the laser, and to cooperatively adjust the cutting speed, the auxiliary gas flow or the cooling intensity; a decision control module configured to collect the local temperature field distribution of the workpiece in real time under a second frequency response requirement, to analyze the heat accumulation degree of the heat affected zone, and to perform decision and control of zone skipping, speed adjustment or cooling gap, wherein the first frequency response requirement is greater than the second frequency response requirement.

6. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, The program is executed by the processor to implement the laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method with integrated temperature control feedback as claimed in any one of claims 1-4.

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