High-precision curved-surface multi-cavity air knife

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ink-jet printing of solar cells, and discloses a high-precision curved-surface multi-cavity air knife which comprises an air knife body, and the air knife body comprises a multi-cavity curved-surface back shell and curved-surface multiple cavities; a gasket is arranged between the multi-cavity curved-surface back shell and the curved-surface multi-cavity, and an air outlet slit is formed at the lower end of the connecting surface through the gasket; an airflow cavity is formed between the curved-surface multi-cavity and the multi-cavity curved-surface back shell, and an air inlet is formed in the curved-surface multi-cavity; the air knife body further comprises a flow guide plate system which divides the whole airflow cavity into a plurality of cavity bodies. The flow guide plate system comprises a hole type flow guide plate and a slit type flow guide plate. The hole type flow guide plates and the slit type flow guide plates are arranged in flow guide plate mounting grooves formed in the multi-cavity curved-surface back shell and the inner wall of the curved-surface multi-cavity body in a stepped mode and used for distributing flow step by step to achieve uniform airflow output. The multi-stage cavity structure is formed through the flow guide plate system, step-by-step fine control over airflow is achieved, and film defects caused by local turbulence are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of inkjet printing technology for solar cells, and in particular to a high-precision curved multi-cavity air knife. Background Technology

[0002] With traditional crystalline silicon single-junction solar cells facing development bottlenecks, perovskite solar cells have emerged as a dark horse. Among them, the theoretical efficiency of tandem perovskite solar cells can reach about 40%, and the current laboratory certified efficiency has reached 25.8%. However, there is still a certain distance to go before its industrial application, and many problems need to be overcome.

[0003] Currently, photovoltaic inkjet printing equipment is required in the production process of perovskite solar cells to complete the inkjet coating of the cells. After the inkjet process, the cells need to be dried quickly and evenly by air knife to accelerate the crystallization of the perovskite film and improve the uniformity of the perovskite film. However, the existing air knife is relatively simple and cannot guarantee the uniformity of air pressure at each position of the air outlet. This will affect the uniformity of the perovskite solution film formation and have a significant impact on the experimental results.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a high-precision curved surface multi-cavity air knife to solve the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a high-precision curved multi-cavity air knife to solve the problem that the air knife in the prior art cannot guarantee the uniformity of perovskite film formation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a high-precision curved multi-cavity air knife, comprising: an air knife body, the air knife body including a multi-cavity curved back shell and a curved multi-cavity body arranged in parallel; wherein, the curved back shell and the curved multi-cavity body are fixedly connected, a gasket is provided between the curved back shell and the curved multi-cavity body, and an air outlet slit is formed at the lower end of the connecting surface through the gasket, the air outlet slit adopts a streamlined curved surface design, and the slit width can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the gasket; An airflow cavity is formed between the curved multi-cavity body and the curved back shell of the multi-cavity body. An air inlet communicating with the airflow cavity is provided on the curved multi-cavity body. The air knife body also includes a guide plate system that divides the entire airflow cavity into several cavities. The guide plate system includes: perforated guide plates and slit guide plates. The perforated guide plates and slit guide plates are arranged in a stepped manner and installed in the guide plate mounting slots opened on the curved back shell of the multi-cavity body and the inner wall of the curved multi-cavity body, for step-by-step flow distribution to achieve uniform airflow output.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dimensions of several cavities are designed proportionally, and the size of the cavity near the air inlet is 3-5 times that of the cavity below it.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air inlet is disposed on both sides or the back of the curved multi-cavity body.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air inlet is sealed by a plug of matching size, and sealing the air inlet at different positions can achieve rapid switching of air intake modes.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the perforated guide plate is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes arranged in an array, the diameter of the ventilation holes gradually decreasing from both sides to the center; the slit guide plate is provided with a plurality of slits, the slits being opened on the side offset from the centerline of the slit guide plate.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the installation sequence of the baffle system is as follows: after the gas enters, it first passes through the perforated baffle and then through at least two slit baffles arranged in an alternating pattern placed on the lower layer.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a fixing pad is provided between the perforated guide plate and the slit guide plate and the wall of the guide plate mounting groove, and the fixing pad is made of high temperature resistant silicone.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, quick-connect connectors are provided on both sides of the air knife body for quick connection with other related equipment.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multi-cavity curved back shell and the curved multi-cavity are made of high-strength aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a perovskite solar cell, comprising: drying the solar cell using a high-precision curved multi-cavity air knife as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0016] This invention addresses the shortcomings of the prior art and has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) This application forms a multi-stage cavity structure by setting perforated guide plates and slit guide plates arranged in a stepped manner on the inner wall of the multi-cavity back shell. The array of gradually varying air holes guides the airflow to diffuse naturally and achieves initial flow uniformity. The slit plate breaks the airflow symmetry by using slits that are off-center, causing mixing disturbances to eliminate local non-uniformity. This design directly achieves step-by-step fine control of airflow. Compared with traditional single-stage guide plates or air knives without offset slits, it significantly improves airflow uniformity, ensures the consistency of air pressure and flow velocity distribution during perovskite film formation, and avoids film defects caused by local turbulence.

[0018] (2) The outlet slit of this application adopts a streamlined curved surface design, and the width of the outlet slit can be adjusted by combining the thickness of the gasket. The curved surface guides the airflow to turn smoothly, reducing the energy loss of eddies and forming a continuous and uniform air curtain. By changing the gasket of different thicknesses, the slit width can be precisely controlled to control the airflow flow rate and velocity, so as to flexibly match the forming requirements of perovskite films of different thicknesses. Compared with the problem of edge turbulence that is easy to generate by traditional planar straight seam air knife, this application further reduces the turbulence of the outlet airflow and further ensures the uniformity of perovskite film forming.

[0019] (3) This application designs a multi-stage cavity with a fixed ratio, with the volume of the near-inlet cavity being 3-5 times that of the secondary cavity. This ratio increases the buffer space of the first-stage cavity, so that the airflow pressure gradually decreases rather than abruptly, avoiding airflow congestion or local low-pressure areas, and ensuring stable inlet pressure of each guide plate. Compared with existing equal-volume cavity air knives, it reduces edge velocity deviation caused by uneven pressure distribution and ensures uniformity of film deposition.

[0020] (4) This application is equipped with multiple air inlets and quick-connect fittings on both sides. The redundant air inlets are sealed by plugs to switch the air supply mode. The quick-connect fittings enable tool-free connection with the air source equipment, which solves the production line modification problem caused by the fixed air inlet position of traditional air knives. Compared with the current traditional welding pipeline or flange connection, this application is compatible with the high-frequency changeover requirements of automated production lines. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a perspective structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 4 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the perforated guide plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the slit-type guide vane in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Air knife body; 11. Multi-cavity curved back shell; 12. Curved multi-cavity; 13. Quick-connect connector; 14. Air inlet; 141. Plug; 15. Airflow cavity; 16. Perforated guide plate; 17. Slit guide plate; 18. Air outlet slit; 19. Gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] like Figures 1-6 As shown, a high-precision curved multi-cavity air knife includes: an air knife body 1, which includes a multi-cavity curved back shell 11 and a curved multi-cavity body 12 arranged parallel to each other; wherein, the multi-cavity curved back shell 11 and the curved multi-cavity body 12 are fixedly connected by bolts, and a gasket 19 is bonded between the multi-cavity curved back shell 11 and the curved multi-cavity body 12, and an air outlet slit 18 is formed at the lower end of the connecting surface by the gasket 19. The air outlet slit 18 adopts a streamlined curved surface design, and the slit width of the air outlet slit 18 can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the gasket 19; the curved multi-cavity body 12 and the multi-cavity body 12... An airflow cavity 15 is formed between the curved back shell 11 and the curved multi-cavity body 12 is provided with an air inlet 14 that connects to the airflow cavity 15. The air knife body 1 also includes a guide plate system that divides the entire airflow cavity 15 into several cavities. Specifically, the guide plate system includes: a perforated guide plate 16 and a slit guide plate 17, both of which are square in shape to match the inner cavity. The perforated guide plate 16 and the slit guide plate 17 are arranged in a stepped manner and installed in the guide plate mounting slots opened on the inner wall of the multi-cavity curved back shell 11 and the curved multi-cavity body 12, for step-by-step flow distribution to achieve uniform airflow output.

[0035] Based on the above configuration, after connecting to an external air source device, airflow is introduced into the airflow chamber 15 from the air inlet 14. The airflow passes sequentially through the stepped perforated guide plates 16 and the slit guide plates 17 before being blown out from the outlet slit 18, directly blowing the perovskite film to ensure the uniformity of the perovskite film formation. The gasket 19 is placed between the multi-cavity curved back shell 11 and the curved multi-cavity 12, sealing the upper part and both sides of the connection surface between the two, ensuring that the airflow only blows out from the outlet slit 18. The thickness of the gasket 19 determines the width of the outlet slit 18, thereby adjusting the thickness of the slit width to regulate the airflow. The flow rate and velocity of the gas flowing out from the outlet slit 18 are adjusted to accommodate the formation of perovskite solar cell films of different thicknesses. Thanks to the streamlined curved surface design of the outlet slit 18, the airflow can be guided to change direction smoothly and continuously, reducing turbulence and eddies and forming a uniform air curtain to achieve a more uniform outlet airflow velocity distribution. Furthermore, due to the presence of the guide plate system within the airflow cavity 15, the entire airflow cavity 15 is divided into multiple smaller cavities, thereby achieving stepwise airflow distribution and controlling the airflow velocity, flow rate, and air pressure to further ensure the uniformity of perovskite film formation.

[0036] Specifically, the perforated baffle 16 has several ventilation holes arranged in an array, with the hole diameter gradually decreasing from both sides to the center. The arrangement of the ventilation holes utilizes the natural diffusion characteristics of airflow, allowing the airflow to be distributed more evenly when passing through the ventilation holes, avoiding situations where the local airflow is too concentrated or sparse. The slit baffle 17 has several slits, which are opened on the side that is off-center from the centerline of the slit baffle 17. This offset design helps to break the symmetry of the airflow, causing the airflow to mix and turbulent to a certain extent after passing through the slits, thereby further eliminating non-uniform factors in the airflow and improving the overall uniformity of the airflow.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the installation sequence of the baffle system is as follows: after the gas enters, it first passes through the perforated baffle 16 and then through the two staggered slit baffles 17 placed on the lower layer, thereby dividing the entire airflow cavity 15 into four cavities to form a multi-layer baffle structure. In summary, there are three baffle mounting slots, and fixing pads are installed between the perforated baffle 16 and the slit baffle 17 and the wall of the baffle mounting slot to fill the excess space between the baffle system and the baffle mounting slot, preventing the perforated baffle 16 and the slit baffle 17 from shifting. The fixing pads are made of high-temperature resistant silicone, which can ensure a long service life.

[0038] Based on the installation sequence of the above-mentioned guide vane system, the perforated guide vane 16 first performs preliminary sorting of the airflow to make it initially uniform; then, the slit guide vane 17 performs more refined processing on the already initially uniformized airflow, further optimizing the distribution and direction of the airflow through staggered slits, ensuring that the final output airflow can reach a highly uniform state, providing ideal airflow conditions for the subsequent perovskite inkjet process.

[0039] Furthermore, the multiple cavities formed by the baffle system are all designed proportionally. Specifically, the size of the cavity near the air inlet 14 is 3-5 times that of the cavity below it. The size of the cavity is controlled by adjusting the distance between the perforated baffle 16 and the slit baffle 17. This proportional design ensures that the pressure and velocity of the airflow can be effectively controlled and distributed when it enters each cavity, avoiding airflow congestion or turbulence caused by unreasonable cavity size, and further improving the uniformity and stability of the airflow output.

[0040] Furthermore, the air inlets 14 are located on both sides or the back of the curved multi-cavity body 12. This flexible placement of the air inlets 14 allows the air knife to better adapt to different production line layouts and process requirements during actual installation and use. Users can choose the optimal air intake method according to specific circumstances without having to make large-scale modifications to the production line, which greatly improves the versatility and convenience of the equipment.

[0041] Furthermore, the air inlet 14 is sealed by a plug 141 of matching size. Traditional airtight plugs or other similar objects can be used as plugs 141 to seal the air inlets 14 at different locations, thereby enabling rapid switching of the air intake mode. This simple and effective design allows workers to switch the air intake mode in a very short time during actual production, thus adapting to the needs of different batches of products or different process stages and greatly improving production efficiency.

[0042] Furthermore, quick-connect connectors 13 are provided on both sides of the air knife body. The design of the quick-connect connectors 13 is compatible with external air intake equipment for rapid connection to other related equipment. The design of the quick-connect connectors 13 fully considers the needs of modern industrial production for rapid connection and disassembly of equipment. In actual production lines, air knives often need to be connected to various related equipment such as air pumps and pipelines. The quick-connect connectors 13 perfectly solve this problem, enabling the air knife to achieve rapid and reliable connection with other equipment. During the initial installation of the equipment and the reassembly after maintenance, workers do not need to use a large number of tools; simple operations are sufficient to complete the connection task, greatly reducing the time cost of equipment installation and maintenance, improving the overall operating efficiency of the production line, and allowing the air knife to be more easily integrated into automated production lines, working collaboratively with other equipment to complete complex production tasks.

[0043] Specifically, the multi-cavity curved back shell 11 and the curved multi-cavity body 12 are made of high-strength aluminum alloy or stainless steel to ensure that the air knife body can withstand the huge stress generated by working under high wind speed and high air pressure, to ensure that the air knife maintains structural stability and reliability during long-term operation, and to improve the corrosion resistance of the equipment and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0044] Working Principle: In the inkjet printing process of perovskite solar cells, the system first connects to an external air source via a quick-connect connector 13. Airflow enters the airflow chamber 15 through the air inlet 14. Depending on the process requirements, the air inlets 14 at different locations can be sealed using plugs 141. Within the airflow chamber 15, a baffle system divides the space into multiple cavities. The cavity closest to the air inlet 14 is 3-5 times the size of the cavity below it. This proportional design helps control the pressure and velocity distribution of the airflow. The airflow passes sequentially through a perforated baffle 16 and a slit baffle 17. The perforated baffle 16 has ventilation holes that gradually decrease in diameter from both sides towards the center, utilizing airflow diffusion characteristics to achieve initial uniform airflow distribution. The slits on the slit baffle 17 are offset from the centerline, promoting airflow mixing and turbulence, further eliminating non-uniformity. Ultimately, the airflow is directed towards the perovskite thin film through the streamlined curved exhaust slit 18, ensuring uniform film formation. The width of the exhaust slit 18 can be adjusted by replacing gaskets 19 of different thicknesses, thereby changing the airflow velocity and flow rate to meet the forming requirements of perovskite battery thin films of varying thicknesses. The entire process achieves precise airflow control, providing ideal conditions for perovskite inkjet printing.

[0045] Based on the preferred embodiments of the present invention described above, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-precision curved surface multi-cavity air knife, characterized in that, include: The air knife body (1) includes a multi-cavity curved back shell (11) and a curved multi-cavity body (12) arranged in parallel. The curved back shell of the cavity is fixedly connected to the curved multi-cavity body (12). A gasket (19) is provided between the curved back shell (11) of the multi-cavity body and the curved multi-cavity body (12), and an air outlet slit (18) is formed at the lower end of the connection surface through the gasket (19). The air outlet slit (18) adopts a streamlined curved surface design. The width of the air outlet slit (18) can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the gasket (19). An airflow cavity (15) is formed between the curved multi-cavity body (12) and the curved back shell (11). An air inlet (14) communicating with the airflow cavity (15) is provided on the curved multi-cavity body (12). The air knife body (1) also includes a guide plate system that divides an entire airflow cavity (15) into several cavities. The guide plate system includes: a perforated guide plate (16) and a slit guide plate (17). The perforated guide plate (16) and the slit guide plate (17) are arranged in a stepped manner and installed in the guide plate mounting slots opened on the inner wall of the multi-cavity curved back shell (11) and the curved multi-cavity (12) to achieve uniform airflow output by step-by-step diversion.

2. The high-precision curved surface multi-cavity air knife according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimensions of some of the cavities are designed proportionally, with the cavity size near the air inlet (14) being 3-5 times that of the cavity in the next layer.

3. The high-precision curved surface multi-cavity (12) air knife according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air inlet (14) is located on both sides or the back of the curved multi-cavity body (12).

4. A high-precision curved surface multi-cavity air knife according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air inlet (14) is sealed by a plug (141) of matching size. Sealing the air inlet (14) at different positions can achieve rapid switching of air intake modes.

5. A high-precision curved surface multi-cavity air knife according to claim 4, characterized in that: The perforated guide plate (16) has a number of ventilation holes arranged in an array, and the diameter of the ventilation holes gradually decreases from the sides to the center; the slit guide plate (17) has a number of slits, and the slits are opened on the side that is away from the center line of the slit guide plate (17).

6. A high-precision curved surface multi-cavity air knife according to claim 5, characterized in that: The installation sequence of the deflector system is as follows: after the gas enters, it first passes through the perforated deflector (16) and then through at least two slit deflectors (17) arranged in an alternating pattern placed on the lower layer.

7. A high-precision curved surface multi-cavity air knife according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fixing pad is provided between the perforated guide plate (16) and the slit guide plate (17) and the guide plate mounting groove wall. The fixing pad is made of high temperature resistant silicone.

8. A high-precision curved surface multi-cavity air knife according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air knife body is equipped with quick-connect connectors (13) on both sides for quick connection with other related equipment.

9. A high-precision curved surface multi-cavity air knife according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-cavity curved back shell (11) and the curved multi-cavity shell (12) are made of high-strength aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

10. A method for preparing a perovskite solar cell, characterized in that, include: The high-precision curved multi-cavity air knife as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is used to dry the battery cells.

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