Battery fault processing method and device, battery system and battery management system

Abstract

The invention provides a battery fault processing method and device, a battery system and a battery management system, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The battery fault processing method is used in the battery system, the battery system comprises a switch assembly and a plurality of battery packs which are physically isolated, the switch assembly is connected with the plurality of battery packs to control the connection state of the plurality of battery packs, and each battery pack in the plurality of battery packs is correspondingly provided with a detection unit; the method comprises the steps of obtaining first detection data of a first battery pack; when the first sub-data in the first detection data and the second sub-data in the first detection data are abnormal, determining that the first battery pack has a fault; and under the condition that the first detection data represents that the first battery pack has a fault, the switch assembly is controlled to disconnect the electric connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, so that power can be supplied through other battery packs, and the fault handling capacity of the battery system and the safety of the electric equipment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery fault handling method, apparatus, battery system and battery management system. Background Technology

[0002] Energy conservation and emission reduction are key to sustainable social development, and electric vehicles, due to their energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages, have become an important component of the automotive industry's sustainable development. For electric vehicles, battery technology is a crucial factor in their development.

[0003] Battery failure can cause electric vehicles to lose power and become unusable. Therefore, improving the battery's ability to cope with failures has become a hot research topic. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to at least address one of the technical problems existing in the background art. Therefore, one objective of this application is to provide a battery fault handling method, apparatus, battery system, and battery management system to improve the battery system's ability to cope with faults.

[0005] An embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a battery fault handling method for a battery system. The battery system includes a switching assembly and multiple physically isolated battery packs. The switching assembly is connected to the multiple battery packs to control the connection state of the multiple battery packs, and each battery pack in the multiple battery packs is correspondingly provided with a detection unit. The method includes: acquiring first detection data of a first battery pack, wherein the first detection data is obtained by a first detection unit, the first battery pack is one of the multiple battery packs, and the first detection unit is a detection unit correspondingly provided in the first battery pack; determining that the first battery pack has failed when both a first sub-data and a second sub-data in the first detection data are abnormal, wherein the first sub-data and the second sub-data are respectively used to characterize different fault indicators; and controlling the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system when the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has failed, and electrically connecting at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system.

[0006] In this embodiment, by setting a detection unit in each battery pack, the fault status of each battery pack can be monitored in a timely manner, and the faulty battery pack can be accurately located, which helps to quickly isolate the faulty area. Furthermore, because the battery packs are isolated, when one fails, the fault is less likely to spread rapidly between multiple battery packs, allowing time for fault handling. Additionally, by disconnecting a battery pack after a fault is determined and using the remaining battery packs for power, the fault response capability of the battery system is improved, preventing the electrical equipment from suddenly losing power and enhancing its safety. Determining that the first battery pack has failed by identifying two abnormal fault indicators reduces false alarms caused by a single indicator, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of fault detection.

[0007] In some embodiments, the switching assembly includes a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch; a first battery pack, a third switch, and a second battery pack are connected in series between a first output terminal and a second output terminal, wherein the first output terminal and the second output terminal are two output terminals of a battery system, and the second battery pack is one of a plurality of battery packs; the first battery pack and the first switch are connected in series between the first output terminal and the second output terminal, and the branch formed by the third switch and the second battery pack connected in series is also connected in parallel with the first switch; the second switch and the second battery pack are connected in series between the first output terminal and the second output terminal, and the branch formed by the first battery pack and the third switch connected in series is also connected in parallel with the second switch.

[0008] In this embodiment, by setting a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch, the battery can have multiple connection states to adapt to different usage conditions. For example, when a higher voltage is required, the first battery pack and the second battery pack can be connected in series to provide power. When a high voltage output is not required, the two can be connected in parallel to provide power. Alternatively, in case of a fault, one of the battery packs can be used alone to provide power, which improves the diversity of usage scenarios and the ability to respond to faults.

[0009] In some embodiments, when the first detection data indicates a fault in the first battery pack, controlling the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system, includes: controlling the first switch to open when the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel and the first detection data indicates a fault in the first battery pack; and / or, controlling the third switch to open and the second switch to close when the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series and the first detection data indicates a fault in the first battery pack.

[0010] In this embodiment, when the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel, if a fault is found in the first battery pack during the operation of the electric vehicle, the first battery pack can be disconnected and the second battery pack can continue to provide power, so that the electric vehicle has enough power to drive into a safe area and does not suddenly lose power, thus improving the safety of the electric vehicle.

[0011] In some embodiments, the switching assembly further includes a fourth switch and a fifth switch; the fourth switch is connected in series between the first battery pack and the first output terminal, and the fifth switch is connected in series between the second battery pack and the second output terminal; and the first switch is connected in parallel with a first unidirectional switch, which allows current to flow unidirectionally from the second output terminal through the first unidirectional switch to the third switch, and the second switch is connected in parallel with a second unidirectional switch, which allows current to flow unidirectionally from the third switch through the second unidirectional switch to the first output terminal.

[0012] By setting up a first one-way switch and a second one-way switch, short circuits between the first and second battery packs caused by accidental contact can be prevented. The fourth and fifth switches allow the first battery pack to disconnect from its two output terminals when disconnected, and similarly, the second battery pack can disconnect from its two output terminals when disconnected, further enhancing the safety of the battery system.

[0013] In some embodiments, when the first detection data indicates a fault in the first battery pack, controlling the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system, includes: controlling the first switch and the fourth switch to disconnect when the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel and the first detection data indicates a fault in the first battery pack; and / or, controlling the third switch and the fourth switch to disconnect and controlling the second switch to close when the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series and the first detection data indicates a fault in the first battery pack.

[0014] In this embodiment, when the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel or series, if a fault is detected in the first battery pack during the operation of the electric vehicle, the first battery pack can be disconnected, and the second battery pack can continue to provide power. This ensures that the electric vehicle has sufficient power to enter a safe area, preventing a sudden loss of power and improving the safety of the electric vehicle. Simultaneously, by controlling the first switch to connect the first one-way switch to the circuit, and by controlling the second switch to connect the second one-way switch to the circuit, a reverse protection function is provided, further enhancing safety.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first detection data includes N sub-data that represent different fault indicators, the first sub-data and the second sub-data are respectively one of the N sub-data, and N≥2, where N is a natural number.

[0016] By identifying the first battery pack as malfunctioning when two out of multiple fault indicators show abnormalities, the false alarm rate associated with a single indicator can be reduced, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of fault detection.

[0017] In some embodiments, after controlling the switch assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system, the method further includes: if the number of abnormal sub-data in the first detection data within a preset time period is less than a preset threshold M, the switch assembly is restored to its initial state; wherein 2 < M ≤ N, and M is a natural number.

[0018] In this embodiment, by setting a preset threshold M, when anomalies are detected in the first and second sub-data during fault detection, the first battery pack can be quickly disconnected to slow the spread of the fault. At the same time, if the number of abnormal sub-data is always less than M, it can be determined as a false alarm and the connection of the first battery pack can be restored, thereby reducing false alarms and improving the accuracy of fault detection.

[0019] In some embodiments, the method further includes: issuing a fault warning message indicating that the first battery pack has malfunctioned when the number of abnormal sub-data in the first detection data is greater than or equal to a preset threshold M; and / or controlling the battery cooling device to cool the first battery pack when the number of abnormal sub-data in the first detection data is greater than or equal to the preset threshold M; wherein 2 < M ≤ N, and M is a natural number.

[0020] In this embodiment, the fault handling operation can further process the fault, promptly alert the user, and at the same time, the battery cooling device can cool the faulty battery pack, slowing down the spread of the fault and improving safety.

[0021] In some embodiments, the method further includes: determining that both the first sub-data in the first detection data and the second sub-data in the first detection data are abnormal when the first sub-data satisfies a first abnormality condition and the second sub-data satisfies a second abnormality condition during the abnormality duration of the first sub-data.

[0022] By setting the detection of the second sub-data anomaly within the abnormal duration of the first sub-data, the fault of the first battery pack can be determined. This can more accurately determine the fault of the first battery pack, improve the accuracy of fault detection, and reduce the occurrence of judgment errors caused by false sub-data alarms.

[0023] In some embodiments, the first sub-data includes first air pressure data of the first battery pack detected by an air pressure sensor in the first detection unit, and the second sub-data includes first temperature data of the first battery pack detected by a temperature sensor in the first detection unit. Anomalies in both the first and second sub-data in the first detection data include the first air pressure data exceeding a pressure threshold and the first temperature data exceeding a temperature threshold. Alternatively, the first sub-data includes first voltage data of the first battery pack monitored by a voltage monitoring unit in the first detection unit, and the second sub-data includes first temperature data of the first battery pack detected by a temperature sensor in the first detection unit. Anomalies in both the first and second sub-data in the first detection data include the first voltage data meeting voltage anomaly conditions and the first temperature data being in a rising phase. The first sub-data includes first smoke data of the first battery pack detected by the smoke sensor in the first detection unit, and the second sub-data includes first air pressure data of the first battery pack detected by the air pressure sensor in the first detection unit. Both the first sub-data and the second sub-data in the first detection data show abnormalities, including the first smoke data exceeding the smoke threshold and the first air pressure data being in an upward phase; or, the first sub-data includes first gas concentration data of the target gas in the first battery pack detected by the gas sensor in the first detection unit, and the second sub-data includes first temperature data of the first battery pack detected by the temperature sensor in the first detection unit. Both the first sub-data and the second sub-data in the first detection data show abnormalities, including the first gas concentration data exceeding the gas concentration threshold and the first temperature data being in an upward phase.

[0024] The above embodiments utilize one or more of the following as fault judgment conditions: mutual verification between air pressure sensor and temperature sensor, mutual verification between voltage monitoring unit and temperature sensor, mutual verification between smoke sensor and air pressure sensor, and mutual verification between gas sensor and temperature sensor. By utilizing the correlation between the data of each sensor, the accuracy and reliability of fault judgment can be improved.

[0025] In some embodiments, the method further includes adjusting a threshold for at least a portion of the N sub-data points to be abnormal based on the operating state of the battery system. Adjusting the threshold for abnormal sub-data points improves detection accuracy, thereby mitigating false alarms and false negatives.

[0026] In some embodiments, acquiring first detection data of the first battery pack includes: a first detection unit acquiring first detection data of the first battery pack; and controlling a switch assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system when the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has failed, including: when the first detection unit determines that the first battery pack has failed based on the first detection data, the first detection unit controls the switch assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system.

[0027] This embodiment directly controls the switching component through the detection unit, which simplifies the control logic. When a fault is detected, fault handling is performed directly without sending the detection results to the battery management system. The battery management system performs the logic judgment and control, which simplifies the fault handling steps and improves the response speed and processing efficiency.

[0028] In some embodiments, the battery system includes a control unit that acquires first detection data of a first battery pack, including: the control unit acquiring the first detection data of the first battery pack sent by a first detection unit; and, if the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has failed, controlling a switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system, including: if the control unit determines that the first battery pack has failed based on the first detection data, the control unit controls the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system.

[0029] This embodiment can acquire detection data through a detection unit, analyze the data through a centralized control unit, and control the switching component to change the connection state of the battery pack. This simplifies the structure of the detection unit, enables rapid switching of multiple battery pack states, reduces hardware costs, and provides high maintenance convenience.

[0030] In some embodiments, the first detection unit includes at least one of a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a gas sensor, and a voltage monitoring unit.

[0031] All of the aforementioned sensors and monitoring units can be used to detect whether the battery pack is malfunctioning. Including multiple of them can further improve the accuracy of the detection.

[0032] In some embodiments, the battery system includes a battery management system, and the method further includes: the battery management system acquiring second detection data of a second battery pack, wherein the second detection data is obtained by a second detection unit, the second detection unit being a detection unit correspondingly disposed in the second battery pack; acquiring first detection data of a first battery pack, including: the battery management system acquiring the first detection data of the first battery pack; and, in the case that the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has failed, controlling a switch assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and electrically connecting at least one of the remaining battery packs other than the first battery pack to the output terminal of the battery system, including: when the battery management system determines, based on the first detection data and the second detection data, that the first battery pack has failed and the second battery pack has not failed, the battery management system controlling the switch assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and electrically connecting the second battery pack to the output terminal of the battery system.

[0033] In this embodiment, the battery management system can monitor the thermal runaway faults of the first battery pack and the second battery pack. When the first battery pack fails, the second battery pack can provide power, which improves the battery system's ability to cope with faults and enhances the reliability and safety of the electrical equipment.

[0034] In some embodiments, the type of sensors included in the first detection unit differs from the type of sensors included in the second detection unit; and / or, the number of sensors included in the first detection unit differs from the number of sensors included in the second detection unit.

[0035] This embodiment can combine the types, locations, or historical risks of the first and second battery packs to change the types and number of sensors in the first and second detection units, thereby achieving the most efficient allocation of resources, improving system reliability, and reducing costs.

[0036] An embodiment of the second aspect of this application provides a battery fault handling device for a battery system. The battery system includes: a switching assembly and a plurality of physically isolated battery packs. The switching assembly is connected to the plurality of battery packs to control the connection state of the plurality of battery packs, and each of the plurality of battery packs is provided with a detection unit. The device includes: an acquisition module configured to acquire first detection data of a first battery pack, wherein the first detection data is obtained by a first detection unit, the first battery pack being one of the plurality of battery packs, and the first detection unit being a detection unit correspondingly disposed in the first battery pack; a determination module configured to determine that the first battery pack has failed when both a first sub-data and a second sub-data in the first detection data are abnormal, wherein the first sub-data and the second sub-data are used to characterize different fault indicators; and a processing module configured to, when the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has failed, control the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system.

[0037] An embodiment of the third aspect of this application provides a battery system, including: a switching component and a plurality of physically isolated battery packs, the switching component being connected to the plurality of battery packs to control the connection state of the plurality of battery packs, and each of the plurality of battery packs being provided with a corresponding detection unit; the battery system is configured to determine that a first battery pack has failed when both a first sub-data and a second sub-data in the first detection data of the first battery pack are abnormal; and when the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has failed, the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system is disconnected, and at least one of the remaining battery packs other than the first battery pack is electrically connected to the output terminal of the battery system, wherein the first sub-data and the second sub-data are used to characterize different fault indicators, the first detection data is detected by a first detection unit, the first battery pack is one of the plurality of battery packs, and the first detection unit is a detection unit correspondingly provided in the first battery pack.

[0038] In this embodiment, by setting a detection unit in each battery pack, the fault status of each battery pack can be monitored in a timely manner, and the faulty battery pack can be accurately located, which helps to quickly isolate the faulty area. Furthermore, because the battery packs are isolated, when one fails, the fault is less likely to spread rapidly between multiple battery packs, allowing time for fault handling. Additionally, by disconnecting a battery pack after a fault is determined and using the remaining battery packs for power, the fault response capability of the battery system is improved, preventing the electrical equipment from suddenly losing power and enhancing its safety. Determining that the first battery pack has failed by identifying two abnormal fault indicators reduces false alarms caused by a single indicator, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of fault detection.

[0039] In some embodiments, the first detection unit is configured to acquire first detection data of the first battery pack; and, if the first detection unit determines that the first battery pack has failed based on the first detection data, to control the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system.

[0040] This embodiment directly controls the switching component through the detection unit, which simplifies the control logic. When a fault is detected, fault handling is performed directly without sending the detection results to the battery management system. The battery management system performs the logic judgment and control, which simplifies the fault handling steps and improves the response speed and processing efficiency.

[0041] In some embodiments, the battery system includes a control unit configured to acquire first detection data of a first battery pack sent by a first detection unit; and, if the control unit determines based on the first detection data that a fault has occurred in the first battery pack, to control a switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system.

[0042] This embodiment can acquire detection data through a detection unit, analyze the data through a centralized control unit, and control the switching component to change the connection state of the battery pack. This simplifies the structure of the detection unit, enables rapid switching of multiple battery pack states, reduces hardware costs, and provides high maintenance convenience.

[0043] An embodiment of the fourth aspect of this application provides a battery management system, including a switch assembly and multiple detection units. The multiple detection units are respectively configured to correspond one-to-one with multiple physically isolated battery packs in the battery system. The switch assembly is connected to the multiple battery packs to control the connection state of the multiple battery packs. The battery management system is configured to acquire first detection data of a first battery pack, wherein the first detection data is obtained by a first detection unit, the first battery pack being one of the multiple battery packs, and the first detection unit being a detection unit correspondingly located in the first battery pack; if both a first sub-data and a second sub-data in the first detection data are abnormal, it is determined that the first battery pack has failed, wherein the first sub-data and the second sub-data are used to characterize different fault indicators; and if the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has failed, the switch assembly is controlled to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system.

[0044] In this embodiment, by setting a detection unit in each battery pack, the fault status of each battery pack can be monitored in a timely manner, and the faulty battery pack can be accurately located, which helps to quickly isolate the faulty area. Furthermore, because the battery packs are isolated, when one fails, the fault is less likely to spread rapidly between multiple battery packs, allowing time for fault handling. Additionally, by disconnecting a battery pack after a fault is determined and using the remaining battery packs for power, the fault response capability of the battery system is improved, preventing the electrical equipment from suddenly losing power and enhancing its safety. Determining that the first battery pack has failed by identifying two abnormal fault indicators reduces false alarms caused by a single indicator, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of fault detection.

[0045] In some embodiments, the first detection unit is configured to acquire first detection data of the first battery pack; and, if the first detection unit determines that the first battery pack has failed based on the first detection data, to control the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system.

[0046] This embodiment directly controls the switching component through the detection unit, which simplifies the control logic. When a fault is detected, fault handling is performed directly without sending the detection results to the battery management system. The battery management system performs the logic judgment and control, which simplifies the fault handling steps and improves the response speed and processing efficiency.

[0047] In some embodiments, the battery system includes a control unit configured to acquire first detection data of a first battery pack sent by a first detection unit; and, if the control unit determines based on the first detection data that a fault has occurred in the first battery pack, to control a switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system.

[0048] This embodiment can acquire detection data through a detection unit, analyze the data through a centralized control unit, and control the switching component to change the connection state of the battery pack. This simplifies the structure of the detection unit, enables rapid switching of multiple battery pack states, reduces hardware costs, and provides high maintenance convenience.

[0049] An embodiment of the fifth aspect of this application provides an electrical device including a battery system of any of the above embodiments, the battery system being used to provide electrical energy.

[0050] An embodiment of the sixth aspect of this application provides a computing device, including: at least one processor; and at least one memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor, the at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed individually or jointly by the at least one processor, cause the computing device to perform the battery failure handling method described above.

[0051] An embodiment of the seventh aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed individually or jointly by one or more processors of a computing device, cause the computing device to perform the battery failure handling method described in the above embodiments.

[0052] An embodiment of the eighth aspect of this application provides a computer program product including instructions that, when executed individually or jointly by one or more processors of a computing device, cause the computing device to perform the battery failure handling method described above.

[0053] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0054] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the various drawings denote the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings depict only some embodiments disclosed in this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0055] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating a battery fault handling method provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This application provides a structural diagram of a system for implementing a battery fault handling method, based on some embodiments of the present application. Figure 3 Circuit diagrams of battery systems provided for some embodiments of this application; Figure 4 for Figure 3 The first and second battery packs are connected in parallel, and the state comparison diagram of the switching components before and after the failure of the first battery pack is shown. Figure 5 for Figure 3 The first and second battery packs are connected in series, and the state comparison diagram of the switching components before and after the failure of the first battery pack is shown. Figure 6 Circuit diagrams of battery systems provided for other embodiments of this application; Figure 7 for Figure 6 The first and second battery packs are connected in parallel, and the state comparison diagram of the switching components before and after the failure of the first battery pack is shown. Figure 8 for Figure 6 The first and second battery packs are connected in series, and the state comparison diagram of the switching components before and after the failure of the first battery pack is shown. Figure 9 This application provides a structural diagram of a system for implementing a battery fault handling method, as shown in other embodiments. Figure 10 for Figure 9 Control principle diagram; Figure 11 Circuit diagrams of battery systems provided for some embodiments of this application; Figure 12 A schematic flowchart illustrating a battery fault handling method provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 13 A structural diagram of a system for implementing a battery fault handling method provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 14 for Figure 13 Control principle diagram; Figure 15 Circuit diagrams of battery systems provided for some embodiments of this application; Figure 16 A schematic flowchart illustrating a battery fault handling method provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of a battery fault handling device according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of a computing device for implementing a battery fault handling method, provided for some embodiments of this application.

[0056] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: First battery pack 10, first detection unit 11, second battery pack 20, second detection unit 21, output terminal 30, first output terminal 31, second output terminal 32, switch assembly 40, control unit 50; First switch K1, second switch K2, third switch K3, fourth switch K4, fifth switch K5, first one-way switch D1, second one-way switch D2. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0058] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0059] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0060] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0061] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0062] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0063] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0064] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0065] Currently, the application of rechargeable batteries is becoming increasingly widespread, judging from market trends. They are not only used in energy storage systems for hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also extensively in various electronic devices, such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric vehicles, as well as in military equipment and aerospace. As the application areas of rechargeable batteries continue to expand, the market demand is also constantly increasing.

[0066] In related technologies, the batteries of electric vehicles typically consist of multiple battery cells or multiple battery modules connected in series and encapsulated in a battery box to achieve high voltage output.

[0067] In detecting battery faults such as thermal runaway, related technologies typically incorporate pressure sensors within the battery to monitor its overall condition and promptly identify issues like thermal runaway. However, pressure sensors are susceptible to environmental interference or sensor malfunction, resulting in low reliability and a tendency for false alarms or missed detections. Furthermore, this detection method cannot precisely pinpoint the location of the fault, making it impossible to effectively isolate the faulty area.

[0068] Furthermore, in related technologies, upon detecting a fault, the entire battery system's circuit is typically cut off immediately, causing the electrical equipment to suddenly lose power. For example, this could lead to a sudden loss of power in a moving electric vehicle, rendering it unable to continue driving. Therefore, the battery redundancy and fault handling capabilities in these related technologies are relatively poor.

[0069] To address at least one of the aforementioned problems, embodiments of this application provide a battery fault handling method, apparatus, battery system, and battery management system. The battery fault handling method is used in a battery system, which includes: a switching assembly and multiple physically isolated battery packs. The switching assembly is connected to the multiple battery packs to control the connection state of the multiple battery packs, and each battery pack in the multiple battery packs is correspondingly provided with a detection unit. The method includes: acquiring first detection data of a first battery pack, wherein the first detection data is obtained by a first detection unit, the first battery pack being one of the multiple battery packs, and the first detection unit being a detection unit correspondingly provided in the first battery pack; determining that the first battery pack has failed when both a first sub-data and a second sub-data in the first detection data are abnormal, wherein the first sub-data and the second sub-data are used to characterize different fault indicators; and controlling the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system when the first detection data indicates a fault in the first battery pack, and electrically connecting at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system. By identifying the fault in the first battery pack when two fault indicators in the first battery pack show abnormalities, the false alarm phenomenon caused by a single indicator can be reduced, and the accuracy and reliability of fault detection can be significantly improved.

[0070] The method provided in this embodiment uses multiple physically isolated battery packs. When the first battery pack fails, the other battery packs are not easily affected. By setting a first detection unit on the first battery pack, the location of the fault can be accurately determined, and the faulty first battery pack can be cut off in time through the switching component to prevent the fault from spreading. This improves the redundancy and fault response capability of the battery system. At the same time, the other battery packs can be used for power supply through the switching component, so as to continue to provide power to the electrical equipment, such as allowing the electric vehicle to continue to run to a safe area, thereby improving safety.

[0071] The batteries involved in the embodiments of this application may be, but are not limited to, lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, sodium metal batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, magnesium-ion batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lead-acid batteries, etc. Furthermore, the battery systems involved in the embodiments of this application may be battery systems in electric vehicles, or battery systems in other electrical devices or energy storage devices.

[0072] The energy storage device in this application embodiment may include one or more battery clusters to increase the voltage and capacity of the energy storage device. A battery cluster may include multiple batteries, which are connected in series via a busbar to increase the voltage of the energy storage device. When the energy storage device includes multiple battery clusters, the multiple battery clusters are connected in parallel to increase the capacity of the energy storage device.

[0073] Energy storage devices can be used in energy storage power stations, wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, or temporary power supply systems. Energy storage devices can store electrical energy as needed and output it when appropriate. For example, an energy storage device can store electrical energy during off-peak hours and provide power to relevant users or electrical equipment during peak hours. The energy storage system provided in this application embodiment can be any power system that requires energy storage devices. As an example, the energy storage device is an energy storage container or an energy storage cabinet.

[0074] The electrical devices in this application embodiment can be, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Among them, electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric vehicle toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc., and spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0075] It should be understood that the batteries involved in the embodiments of this application are not limited to the energy storage devices and electrical equipment described above, but can also be applied to electrical equipment that uses battery systems.

[0076] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating a battery fault handling method provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a system for implementing a battery fault handling method according to some embodiments of this application.

[0077] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 This application provides a battery fault handling method 100 for use in a battery system. The battery system includes a switch assembly 40 and multiple physically isolated battery packs. The switch assembly 40 is connected to the multiple battery packs to control the connection status of the multiple battery packs, and each of the multiple battery packs is provided with a detection unit. The method 100 includes the following steps S110 to S130.

[0078] Step S110: Obtain first detection data of the first battery pack 10, wherein the first detection data is obtained by the first detection unit 11, the first battery pack 10 is one of multiple battery packs, and the first detection unit 11 is a detection unit correspondingly set in the first battery pack 10.

[0079] Step S120: If both the first sub-data in the first detection data and the second sub-data in the first detection data are abnormal, it is determined that the first battery pack has failed. The first sub-data and the second sub-data are used to characterize different fault indicators.

[0080] In step S130, if the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack 10 has malfunctioned, the control switch assembly 40 is used to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack 10 and the output terminal 30 of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs other than the first battery pack 10 to the output terminal 30 of the battery system.

[0081] In this embodiment, a battery system is used in a vehicle as an example. The vehicle can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. The battery system is installed inside the vehicle, and can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle. The battery system can be used for the vehicle's low-voltage power supply; for example, the battery system can serve as the vehicle's operating power source. The vehicle may also include a controller and a motor. The controller is used to control the battery system to supply power to the motor, for example, for the vehicle's starting, navigation, and driving power needs. In some embodiments, the battery system can not only serve as the vehicle's operating power source but also as the vehicle's drive power source, replacing or partially replacing gasoline or natural gas to provide driving power to the vehicle.

[0082] A battery system includes multiple battery packs, which can be battery packs or battery modules, etc. The multiple battery packs are physically isolated. Physical isolation means that the multiple battery packs are encapsulated in different boxes or installed in different cavities of the same box. Each battery pack can include multiple battery cells or multiple battery modules, etc.

[0083] Multiple battery packs can have their connection states changed via the switching component 40. The connection state refers to the series-parallel connection of the battery packs, which can include at least a first state where all battery packs are connected in series and a second state where all battery packs are connected in parallel. The first state can be powered by a high voltage level, and the second state can be powered by a low voltage level, thus enabling the battery to have multiple power supply modes and improving versatility. Furthermore, when multiple battery packs are involved, the connection state can also include connecting one battery pack individually (bypassing the others), connecting some battery packs in series (bypassing others), connecting some battery packs in parallel (bypassing others), or a hybrid connection combining series and parallel connections of at least some battery packs. The specific connection state can be set according to requirements.

[0084] It is understandable that the power supply state of the battery system can be changed by changing the connection state. For example, the switch assembly 40 can be used to connect one or more battery packs to the load for power supply. When multiple battery packs are used for power supply, these battery packs can also be connected in series, in parallel, or in a combination of series and parallel.

[0085] It is understood that the battery system can have two output terminals 30, namely the first output terminal 31 and the second output terminal 32, one of which can be positive and the other negative. When supplying power, the load can be connected to the first output terminal 31 and the second output terminal 32 respectively, thereby obtaining power from the battery system. The switching assembly 40 can be located in the internal circuit of the battery system. Through the switching assembly 40, different battery packs can be connected between the two first output terminals 31 and the second output terminal 32. It is understood that only battery packs connected between the first and second output terminals can supply power to the load, while battery packs not connected between the first and second output terminals will be in an open circuit state and will not supply power to the load.

[0086] For example, Figure 2 The diagram shows a battery system comprising two battery packs, a first battery pack 10 and a second battery pack 20. The connection states may include the first battery pack 10 being connected alone between the two output terminals, the second battery pack 20 being connected alone between the two output terminals, the first battery pack 10 and the second battery pack 20 being connected in series between the two output terminals 30, and the first battery pack 10 and the second battery pack 20 being connected in parallel between the two output terminals 30.

[0087] In addition, each battery pack can be equipped with a detection unit, which can include one or more sensors to measure the fault indicators of the battery pack and obtain fault-related detection data.

[0088] The correspondence between the detection unit and the battery pack can be understood as follows: the detection unit is installed inside the corresponding battery pack, or the detection unit can be installed outside the battery pack, or some of the sensors in the detection unit can be installed inside the battery pack, and other sensors can be installed outside the battery pack.

[0089] It is understood that the following embodiments use thermal runaway as an example of battery pack failure and the detection unit is used to detect thermal runaway of the battery pack. Of course, in other embodiments, the battery pack failure can be other types of failure, such as mechanical failure.

[0090] Figure 2In the first battery pack 10, a first detection unit 11 may be provided, and a second battery pack 20 may be provided with a second detection unit 21. The first detection unit 11 is a detection unit provided in the first battery pack 10, and the second detection unit 21 is a detection unit provided in the second battery pack 20.

[0091] In this embodiment, step S110 can acquire first detection data of the first battery pack 10 in real time. The first detection data is obtained by the first detection unit 11 and may include fault-related indicator data such as temperature data and air pressure data. This data can be used to determine whether the first battery pack has malfunctioned. It can be understood that the first detection unit 11 can monitor the first battery pack 10 in real time to obtain the first detection data.

[0092] In addition, step S120 can analyze the first detection data to determine whether the first battery pack has malfunctioned. It is understood that the detection unit may include multiple sensors, each of which can be used to detect different fault indicators of the first battery pack.

[0093] For example, when the detection unit includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, the first detection data can be used to characterize the temperature index (fault index) as first temperature data and the pressure index (fault index) as first pressure data. That is, the first sub-data and the second sub-data can be the first temperature data and the first pressure data, respectively.

[0094] In other embodiments, the first sub-data and the second sub-data can also be used to characterize other fault indicators, such as voltage and temperature indicators. Furthermore, the detection unit can include more types of sensors, such as three or four sensors, meaning the first detection data can include more fault indicators, and the first and second sub-data are used to characterize two different fault indicators among these.

[0095] In some embodiments, the first sub-data and the second sub-data can respectively characterize the two fault indicators that first show abnormalities. In other embodiments, the first sub-data and the second sub-data can also respectively characterize two fault indicators that have a characteristic relationship, which will be described in subsequent embodiments.

[0096] In this embodiment, when both the first sub-data and the second sub-data are abnormal, it is determined that the first battery pack 10 has failed. It is understood that with the occurrence of a fault, multiple fault indicators of the battery pack will become abnormal. However, depending on the type and accuracy of the sensors, the timing of the abnormality of the sub-data corresponding to different fault indicators is usually inconsistent. Following the order of occurrence of the abnormalities, when the first sub-data and the second sub-data are abnormal, it can be determined that at least two fault indicators are abnormal. At this point, it can be determined that the first battery pack has failed; that is, the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has failed.

[0097] When the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has failed, step S130 can control the switch assembly 40 to operate, thereby disconnecting the first battery pack from the two output terminals and connecting the other battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminals. It can be understood that since step S130 will disconnect the faulty battery pack, the other battery packs here can be battery packs that have not failed.

[0098] It is understandable that if only the first battery pack 10 is connected between the output terminals, meaning the first battery pack powers the circuit alone, then upon detecting a fault in the first battery pack 10, the first battery pack 10 can be disconnected, and one or more other battery packs that are not faulty can be connected to the power supply circuit for power supply. If multiple battery packs, including the first battery pack 10, are connected between the output terminals, then upon detecting a fault in the first battery pack 10, the first battery pack 10 can be disconnected, and the remaining battery packs between the two output terminals can be used for power supply.

[0099] Specifically, in the case where the battery system includes a first battery pack 10 and a second battery pack 20, if a fault is detected in the first battery pack 10, the first battery pack 10 can be disconnected from the output terminals, and then the second battery pack 20 can be connected to the output terminals to provide power.

[0100] It is understood that the first battery pack 10 in this embodiment can be any one of multiple battery packs. It is also understood that if multiple battery packs fail, method 100 can disconnect all the failed battery packs and use other non-failed battery packs for power supply.

[0101] In this embodiment, by setting a detection unit in each battery pack, the fault status of each battery pack can be monitored in a timely manner, and the faulty battery pack can be accurately located, which helps to quickly isolate the faulty area. Furthermore, because the battery packs are isolated, when one fails, the fault is less likely to spread rapidly between multiple battery packs, allowing time for fault handling. Additionally, by disconnecting a battery pack after a fault is determined and using the remaining battery packs for power, the fault response capability of the battery system is improved, preventing the electrical equipment from suddenly losing power and enhancing its safety. Determining that the first battery pack has failed by identifying two abnormal fault indicators reduces false alarms caused by a single indicator, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of fault detection.

[0102] For example, if a battery pack malfunctions while an electric vehicle is in motion, the spread of the malfunction can be slowed by quickly switching to a working battery pack. At the same time, the remaining working battery packs can provide power, giving the electric vehicle enough power to drive into a safe area and preventing a sudden loss of power, thus improving the safety of the electric vehicle.

[0103] Figure 3 For circuit schematics of the battery system provided in some embodiments of this application, please refer to... Figure 3 According to some embodiments of this application, the switch assembly 40 includes a first switch K1, a second switch K2, and a third switch K3; the first battery pack 10, the third switch K3, and the second battery pack 20 are connected in series between the first output terminal 31 and the second output terminal 32, wherein the first output terminal 31 and the second output terminal 32 are two output terminals of the battery system, and the second battery pack 20 is one of a plurality of battery packs; the first battery pack 10 and the first switch K1 are connected in series between the first output terminal 31 and the second output terminal 32, and the branch formed by the third switch K3 and the second battery pack 20 connected in series is also connected in parallel with the first switch K1; the second switch K2 and the second battery pack 20 are connected in series between the first output terminal 31 and the second output terminal 32, and the branch formed by the first battery pack 10 and the third switch K3 connected in series is also connected in parallel with the second switch K2.

[0104] The first, second, and third switches can be common relay switches that enable circuit switching. For example... Figure 3In this configuration, the battery includes a first battery pack 10 and a second battery pack 20. The switch assembly 40 may include a first switch K1, a second switch K2, and a third switch K3. The first battery pack 10 and the first switch K1 are connected in series between the first output terminal 31 and the second output terminal 32. The second switch K2 and the second battery pack are connected in series between the first output terminal 31 and the second output terminal 32. The first end of the third switch K3 is connected between the first battery pack 10 and the first switch K1, and the second end of the third switch K3 is connected between the second battery pack 20 and the second switch K2.

[0105] It is understandable that the battery system is in different connection states when the switching components are in different states. For example, when the first switch K1 is closed and the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are open, the first battery pack 10 is connected alone between the two output terminals. When the second switch K2 is closed and the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 are open, the second battery pack 20 is connected alone between the two output terminals. When the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are closed and the third switch K3 is open, the first battery pack 10 and the second battery pack 20 are connected in parallel between the two output terminals. When the third switch K3 is closed and the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are open, the first battery pack 10 and the second battery pack 20 are connected in series between the two output terminals.

[0106] It is understandable that when there are two battery packs, the first battery pack and the second battery pack, the connection state when the two battery packs are connected in parallel is the second state, and the connection state when the two battery packs are connected in series is the first state.

[0107] In this embodiment, by setting a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch, the battery system can have multiple connection states to adapt to different usage conditions. For example, when a higher voltage is required, the first battery pack and the second battery pack can be connected in series to provide power. When a high voltage output is not required, the two can be connected in parallel to provide power. Alternatively, in case of a fault, one of the battery packs can be used alone to provide power, which improves the diversity of usage scenarios and the ability to respond to faults.

[0108] According to some embodiments of this application, step S130, in the case where the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has failed, controls the switch assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack 10 and the output terminal 30 of the battery system, and connects at least one of the remaining battery packs other than the first battery pack 10 to the output terminal 30 of the battery system, may include: controlling the first switch K1 to open when the first battery pack 10 and the second battery pack 20 are connected in parallel and the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack 10 has failed; and / or, controlling the third switch K3 to open and controlling the second switch K2 to close when the first battery pack 10 and the second battery pack 20 are connected in series and the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack 10 has failed.

[0109] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The first and second battery packs are connected in parallel, and a comparison diagram of the switch assembly status before and after the first battery pack failure is provided. Figure 4 The initial state of the battery system can be a state in which the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel, with the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 closed and the third switch K3 open. Figure 4 (Left figure) When the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has malfunctioned, the switch assembly 40 can be controlled to disconnect the first switch K1, thereby switching to the state where the second battery pack 20 is connected to supply power independently. Figure 4 (Right image).

[0110] Figure 5 for Figure 3 The first and second battery packs are connected in series, and a comparison diagram of the switch assembly status before and after the first battery pack failure is provided. Figure 5 The initial state of the battery system can be a state in which the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series, with the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 open and the third switch K3 closed. Figure 5 (Left figure) When the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has malfunctioned, the switch assembly 40 can be controlled to open the third switch K3 and close the second switch K2, thereby switching to the state where the second battery pack 20 is connected to power supply alone. Figure 5 (Right image).

[0111] In this embodiment, when the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel, if a fault is found in the first battery pack during the operation of the electric vehicle, the first battery pack can be disconnected and the second battery pack can continue to provide power, so that the electric vehicle has enough power to drive into a safe area and does not suddenly lose power, thus improving the safety of the electric vehicle.

[0112] When the first and second battery packs are connected in series, if a fault is found in the first battery pack, the first battery pack can be disconnected and the second battery pack can be connected separately to the output terminals for power supply. This will also allow the electric vehicle to have enough power to drive into a safe area without suddenly losing power, thus improving the safety of the electric vehicle.

[0113] It is understood that in other embodiments, when only the first battery pack is supplying power (the first switch is closed, and the second and third switches are open), if a fault is detected in the first battery pack, the first switch can be opened and the second switch closed, so that the battery can continue to supply power.

[0114] Figure 6 For circuit schematics of battery systems provided in other embodiments of this application, please refer to... Figure 6 The switch assembly 40 also includes a fourth switch K4 and a fifth switch K5; the fourth switch K4 is connected in series between the first battery pack 10 and the first output terminal 31, and the fifth switch K5 is connected in series between the second battery pack 20 and the second output terminal 32; and the first switch K1 is connected in parallel with a first one-way switch D1, which allows current to flow unidirectionally from the second output terminal 32 through the first one-way switch D1 to the third switch K3; the second switch K2 is connected in parallel with a second one-way switch D2, which allows current to flow unidirectionally from the third switch K3 through the second one-way switch D2 to the first output terminal 31.

[0115] The first unidirectional switch D1 and the second unidirectional switch D2 can be switches capable of unidirectional conduction. Unidirectional conduction means that the unidirectional switch only allows current to flow from its first terminal to its second terminal, while current flowing from its second terminal to its first terminal is not allowed to pass through the unidirectional switch. The unidirectional switches can be structures such as diodes.

[0116] The fourth switch K4 and the fifth switch K5 can also be common relay components that can realize the switching on and off of the circuit.

[0117] It is understandable that the battery system is in different connection states when the switching components are in different states. For example, when the first switch K1 and the fourth switch K4 are closed, and the second switch K2 (and / or the fifth switch K5) and the third switch K3 are open, the first battery pack 10 is connected alone between the two output terminals. When the second switch K2 and the fifth switch K5 are closed, and the first switch K1 (and / or the fourth switch K4) and the third switch K3 are open, the second battery pack 20 is connected alone between the two output terminals. When the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the fifth switch K5 and the fourth switch K4 are closed, and the third switch K3 is open, the first battery pack 10 and the second battery pack 20 are connected in parallel between the two output terminals. When the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4 and the fifth switch K5 are closed, and the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are open, the first battery pack 10 and the second battery pack 20 are connected in series between the two output terminals.

[0118] It is understandable that the first one-way switch D1 and the second one-way switch D2 can play a role in preventing reverse circuits when the switching components are misoperated or accidentally touched. For example, if the second battery pack 20 is connected to power supply alone, and the third switch K3 is accidentally touched or operated, it may cause the second battery pack 20 to be short-circuited. However, by setting the first one-way switch D1, in the circuit formed by the second battery pack 20, the third switch K3, the first one-way switch D1, and the fifth switch K5, due to the one-way conduction function of the first one-way switch D1, the current cannot flow from the positive terminal of the second battery pack 20 back to the negative terminal of the second battery pack 20 through this circuit. This can improve the situation where the second battery pack 20 is short-circuited, thus providing a reverse circuit prevention function and improving the safety of the battery system.

[0119] Similarly, if the first battery pack 10 is connected to power supply alone, and the third switch K3 is accidentally touched or misoperated, the first battery pack 10 may be short-circuited. However, by setting the second one-way switch D2, in the circuit formed by the first battery pack 10, the fourth switch K4, the second one-way switch D2, and the third switch K3, the unidirectional conduction function of the second one-way switch D2 prevents the current from flowing from the positive terminal of the first battery pack 10 back to the negative terminal of the first battery pack 10 through this circuit. This can improve the situation where the first battery pack 10 is short-circuited, has a reverse protection function, and improves the safety of the battery system.

[0120] By setting the fourth and fifth switches, when the first battery pack is disconnected, it can disconnect from the two output terminals through the fourth and first switches respectively. When the second battery pack is disconnected, it can also disconnect from the two output terminals through the second and fifth switches respectively, further improving the safety of the battery system.

[0121] According to some embodiments of this application, in step S130, when the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack 10 has failed, controlling the switch assembly 40 to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack 10 and the output terminal 30 of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs other than the first battery pack 10 to the output terminal 30 of the battery system, may include: when the first battery pack 10 and the second battery pack 20 are connected in parallel and the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack 10 has failed, controlling the first switch K1 and the fourth switch K4 to disconnect; and / or, when the first battery pack 10 and the second battery pack 20 are connected in series and the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack 10 has failed, controlling the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4 to disconnect, and controlling the second switch K2 to close.

[0122] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The first and second battery packs are connected in parallel, and a comparison diagram of the switch assembly status before and after the first battery pack failure is provided. Figure 7 The initial connection state of the battery system can be such that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel with the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the fourth switch K4 and the fifth switch K5 closed, and the third switch K3 open. Figure 7 (Left figure) When the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has malfunctioned, the switch assembly 40 can be controlled to disconnect the first switch K1 and the fourth switch K4, thereby switching to the state where the second battery pack 20 is connected to power supply alone. Figure 7 (See right figure). By disconnecting the first switch K1, the first one-way switch D1 can be connected to the circuit, thereby preventing reverse polarity.

[0123] Figure 8 for Figure 6 The first and second battery packs are connected in series, and a comparison diagram of the switch assembly status before and after the first battery pack failure is provided. Figure 8 The initial state of the battery system can be a state in which the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series, with the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 open, and the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4 and the fifth switch K5 closed. Figure 8 (Left figure) When the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has malfunctioned, the switch assembly 40 can be controlled to disconnect the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4, and close the second switch K2, thereby switching to the state where the second battery pack 20 is connected to power supply alone. Figure 8 (Right image).

[0124] In this embodiment, when the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel or series, if a fault is detected in the first battery pack during the operation of the electric vehicle, the first battery pack can be disconnected, and the second battery pack can continue to provide power. This ensures that the electric vehicle has sufficient power to enter a safe area, preventing a sudden loss of power and improving the safety of the electric vehicle. Simultaneously, by controlling the first switch to connect the first one-way switch to the circuit, and by controlling the second switch to connect the second one-way switch to the circuit, a reverse protection function is provided, further enhancing safety.

[0125] It is understood that in other embodiments, when only the first battery pack is supplying power (the first and fourth switches are closed, and the second, third, and fifth switches are open), if a fault is detected in the first battery pack, the first and fourth switches can be opened, and the second and fifth switches can be closed, so that the battery system can continue to supply power.

[0126] According to some embodiments of this application, the first detection data includes N sub-data that respectively characterize different fault indicators. The first sub-data and the second sub-data are each one of the N sub-data, and N≥2, where N is a natural number.

[0127] It is understood that the detection unit may include multiple sensors, each of which can be used to detect different fault indicators.

[0128] According to some embodiments of this application, the first detection unit includes at least one of a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a gas sensor, and a voltage monitoring unit.

[0129] A pressure sensor can be used to monitor changes in internal pressure within the battery pack. The pressure sensor in the first detection unit can acquire the pressure changes, i.e., pressure data, of the first battery pack. Thermal runaway faults can cause the generation of gases (such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, etc.) inside the battery pack, leading to an increase in pressure. The pressure sensor determines whether a thermal runaway fault has occurred by measuring changes in internal pressure.

[0130] Pressure changes typically occur in the early stages of thermal runaway faults. Therefore, pressure sensors have a fast response time, enabling them to quickly detect pressure changes and exhibit high sensitivity. However, pressure sensors are susceptible to interference; external pressure fluctuations (such as changes in ambient pressure or mechanical vibration) can lead to false alarms. Furthermore, the installation location of the pressure sensor can affect detection performance; for example, uneven gas diffusion can cause detection delays. Therefore, pressure sensors are highly location-dependent.

[0131] Temperature sensors can be installed inside the battery pack to detect changes in the surface temperature of individual battery cells, thereby obtaining temperature data. Thermal runaway causes a rapid increase in the internal temperature of a battery cell, which is then transferred to the surface via heat conduction. Detecting changes in surface temperature can be used to determine if a thermal runaway fault has occurred.

[0132] Temperature rise is a direct manifestation of thermal runaway faults, and temperature changes are closely related to thermal runaway. Therefore, temperature sensors have the advantages of being highly intuitive and reliable. However, since it takes time for temperature rise to reach the surface, it may cause detection delays, resulting in slow response times for temperature sensors. Furthermore, surface temperature sensors may not be able to detect localized thermal runaway, leading to low spatial resolution.

[0133] Smoke sensors can detect the presence of smoke inside a battery pack to determine if thermal runaway has occurred. They can acquire smoke data by measuring the quantity or concentration of smoke particles. Since thermal runaway causes the decomposition or combustion of materials within the battery system, producing smoke particles, which are a direct product of thermal runaway, smoke sensors can directly detect this fault. Furthermore, they are highly sensitive and can detect even minute smoke particles.

[0134] However, external smoke (such as ambient dust) may cause false alarms from smoke sensors, and the location of the smoke sensor may affect the detection effect. For example, uneven smoke diffusion may lead to missed detections. Therefore, smoke sensors also have the risk of false alarms and are highly location-dependent.

[0135] Gas sensors can detect changes in the concentration of specific gases (such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen) inside a battery pack to determine if thermal runaway has occurred. Thermal runaway causes a large amount of gas to be generated inside the battery system, and gas sensors can monitor these gas concentration changes in real time to obtain gas concentration data.

[0136] Gas sensors can detect specific gases, even at extremely low concentrations, giving them advantages such as high specificity and sensitivity. However, gas sensors are typically expensive and require regular calibration and maintenance to ensure accuracy, resulting in high costs and complex maintenance.

[0137] A voltage monitoring unit can be installed inside the battery pack to detect changes in the voltage of individual battery cells, obtain voltage data, and use this data to determine whether a thermal runaway fault has occurred. It is understood that a thermal runaway fault can cause a short circuit or abnormal chemical reaction inside the battery cell, resulting in a rapid drop or rise in voltage, thus causing abnormal voltage phenomena.

[0138] The voltage monitoring unit can quickly reflect the abnormal state of the battery cell through voltage changes and has high measurement accuracy. Therefore, it has high real-time performance and high accuracy in thermal runaway detection.

[0139] However, since voltage anomalies can be caused by other reasons (such as short circuits, over-discharge, or overcharge), the voltage monitoring unit is also at risk of false alarms. Furthermore, the detection results of the voltage monitoring unit also depend on the state of the battery pack, such as SOC (States of Charge) and SOH (States of Health), which may lead to a decrease in detection sensitivity.

[0140] It is understood that each battery pack's detection unit can be equipped with one or more of the aforementioned pressure sensor, temperature sensor, smoke sensor, gas sensor, and voltage monitoring unit, for example, at least two or at least three. The detection unit can collect data from the pressure sensor, temperature sensor, voltage monitoring unit, smoke sensor, and gas sensor in real time, and record the changing trends and time series of the sensor data to obtain detection data.

[0141] All of the aforementioned sensors and monitoring units can be used to detect whether the battery pack is malfunctioning. Including multiple of them can further improve the accuracy of the detection.

[0142] Furthermore, each of the aforementioned sensors and monitoring units can be used to monitor different fault indicators. When N of these indicators are included, the first detection data can include N sub-data points, each corresponding one-to-one with a fault indicator. N can be a natural number greater than 2, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc. For example, when the first detection unit simultaneously includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a gas sensor, and a voltage monitoring unit, the first detection data can include five sub-data points: first pressure data, first temperature data, first smoke data, first gas concentration data, and first voltage data.

[0143] It is understood that the first sub-data and the second sub-data can be any two sub-data that first show an anomaly among these sub-data, or the first sub-data and the second sub-data can also be two sub-data that have a characteristic relationship, which will be described in subsequent embodiments.

[0144] In this embodiment, when both the first and second sub-data are abnormal, it is determined that the first battery pack 10 has failed. It is understood that with the occurrence of a fault, all N sub-data will become abnormal. However, depending on the type and accuracy of the sensors, the timing of these sub-data anomalies is usually inconsistent. Following the order of occurrence, when the first and second sub-data are abnormal, it can be determined that at least two fault indicators are abnormal, and at this point, it can be determined that the first battery pack has failed.

[0145] It is understandable that determining the first battery pack as faulty when two out of multiple fault indicators show abnormalities can reduce false alarms caused by a single indicator and significantly improve the accuracy and reliability of fault detection.

[0146] According to some embodiments of this application, after controlling the switch assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack 10 and the output terminal 30 of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs other than the first battery pack 10 to the output terminal 30 of the battery system, the method 100 may further include: if the number of abnormal sub-data in the first detection data within a preset time period is less than a preset threshold M, the control switch assembly is restored to its initial state; wherein 2 < M ≤ N, and M is a natural number.

[0147] The preset time period can be set according to the development time of faults such as thermal runaway. It can start from the time period when the first abnormal sub-data appears in the first detection data, or it can start from the time period when the first battery pack is determined to have a fault.

[0148] When N is 5, M can be 3, 4, 5, etc. After determining that the first battery pack has failed, if the number of abnormal sub-data is always less than M within a preset time period, it is determined to be a false alarm and the abnormal information is recorded. At the same time, the state of the switch component can be restored to the initial state before the fault handling (step S130), that is, the connection state of multiple battery packs is restored to the initial connection state before step S130.

[0149] It is understandable that if the initial connection state is that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel, when the first and second sub-data are abnormal, it can be preliminarily determined that the first battery pack has failed. In this case, the connection state is switched to the second battery pack supplying power alone. At this time, the number of abnormal sub-data is at least 2. Furthermore, if the number of abnormal sub-data in the first detection data is always less than M within a preset time period, it is judged as a false alarm, and the connection state is switched back to the first and second battery packs supplying power in parallel. Taking M=3 as an example, if the first and second sub-data are the first and second sub-data respectively, when initially judging that the first battery pack has failed, the number of abnormal sub-data is 2 (first and second sub-data). If, within a preset time period, other sub-data besides the first and second sub-data also become abnormal, that is, the number of abnormal sub-data is greater than or equal to 3, a second judgment of battery pack failure can be made. If only 1-2 sensors detect abnormal sub-data, it is judged as a false alarm, and the abnormal information can be recorded.

[0150] In this embodiment, by setting a preset threshold M, when anomalies are detected in the first and second sub-data during fault detection, the first battery pack can be quickly disconnected to slow the spread of the fault. At the same time, if the number of abnormal sub-data is always less than M, it can be determined as a false alarm and the connection of the first battery pack can be restored, thereby reducing false alarms and improving the accuracy of fault detection.

[0151] According to some embodiments of this application, method 100 may further include: issuing a fault warning message indicating that the first battery pack has malfunctioned when the number of abnormal sub-data in the first detection data is greater than or equal to a preset threshold M, and / or controlling the battery cooling device to cool the first battery pack when the number of abnormal sub-data in the first detection data is greater than or equal to the preset threshold M; wherein, 2 < M ≤ N, and M is a natural number.

[0152] In this embodiment, when the first sub-data and the second sub-data are abnormal, it can be determined that the first battery pack has failed. The switching component can be controlled to disconnect the first battery pack and continuously monitor the number of abnormal sub-data. If the number of abnormal sub-data in the first detection data is greater than or equal to M, it is considered that the sub-data are mutually verified and the first battery pack has indeed failed, and no false alarm has occurred. At this time, the fault can be further processed. The fault processing operation includes, but is not limited to, issuing fault prompt information and rapid cooling through the battery cooling device.

[0153] For example, a fault message may be issued to prompt the user to move the electric vehicle to a safe area within a safe time. The fault message may include one or more of the following: sound, text, icons, etc.

[0154] In addition, the first battery pack can be rapidly cooled by the battery cooling device installed on the battery pack, such as by increasing the cooling power, to slow down the spread of faults such as thermal runaway.

[0155] It is understandable that if a secondary fault is detected, the emergency mechanism of the battery management system (such as disconnecting the high-voltage circuit, starting the cooling system, and triggering an alarm) can be activated to further address the fault and improve safety.

[0156] In this embodiment, the fault handling operation can further process the fault, promptly alert the user, and at the same time, the battery cooling device can cool the faulty battery pack, slowing down the spread of the fault and improving safety.

[0157] According to some embodiments of this application, method 100 further includes: determining that both the first sub-data in the first detection data and the second sub-data in the first detection data are abnormal when the first sub-data satisfies the first abnormal condition and the second sub-data satisfies the second abnormal condition during the abnormal duration of the first sub-data.

[0158] In this embodiment, the first sub-data is the sub-data that first shows an anomaly in the first detection data, and the second sub-data is the sub-data that second shows an anomaly in the first detection data. The anomaly duration of the first sub-data refers to the duration during which the first sub-data satisfies the first anomaly condition.

[0159] The first and second sub-data represent different fault indicators, which can be set according to the actual situation. In addition, the first abnormal condition refers to the condition under which the first sub-data is abnormal, and the second abnormal condition refers to the condition under which the second sub-data is abnormal. Both can be set according to the fault indicators represented by the sub-data.

[0160] When it is determined that the first battery pack has malfunctioned, the anomalies in both the first and second sub-data mean that when the first sub-data meets the first anomaly condition, and during the duration of its anomaly, the second sub-data is detected to meet the second anomaly condition.

[0161] It is understandable that if an anomaly is detected in the first sub-data, but the anomaly disappears and then an anomaly is detected in the second sub-data, then the first battery pack has not malfunctioned.

[0162] By setting the detection of the second sub-data anomaly within the abnormal duration of the first sub-data, the fault of the first battery pack can be determined. This can more accurately determine the fault of the first battery pack, improve the accuracy of fault detection, and reduce the occurrence of judgment errors caused by false sub-data alarms.

[0163] It is understandable that, taking thermal runaway as an example, thermal runaway is a gradual process, and the changes in the sub-data from various sensors should be consistent over time. By checking whether the changes in the sensor sub-data conform to the temporal development pattern of thermal runaway (such as a gradual increase in air pressure and temperature), it can be determined whether a thermal runaway fault has occurred. If the changes in the sensor sub-data do not conform to the development pattern of thermal runaway, it is considered a false alarm. Therefore, in some embodiments, the first and second sub-data can be two sub-data that conform to the development pattern of thermal runaway, i.e., have a mutual verification relationship. The following analysis will combine specific types of first and second sub-data to analyze the judgment of thermal runaway faults.

[0164] According to some embodiments of this application, the first sub-data includes the first air pressure data of the first battery pack detected by the air pressure sensor in the first detection unit, and the second sub-data includes the first temperature data of the first battery pack detected by the temperature sensor in the first detection unit. Both the first sub-data and the second sub-data in the first detection data are abnormal, including the first air pressure data exceeding the air pressure threshold and the first temperature data exceeding the temperature threshold.

[0165] In this embodiment, the first sub-data can be the first air pressure data detected by the air pressure sensor, and the second sub-data can be the first temperature data detected by the temperature sensor. The first abnormal condition can refer to the first air pressure data exceeding the air pressure threshold, and the second abnormal condition can refer to the first temperature data exceeding the temperature threshold.

[0166] It is understandable that during thermal runaway, gas will be generated inside the battery pack, causing the gas pressure to rise. At the same time, the surface temperature of the individual battery cells will also increase. Therefore, when the pressure sensor detects that the first pressure data indicates that the pressure rise exceeds the pressure threshold, the first temperature data can be obtained. If the first temperature data indicates that the temperature rises and exceeds the temperature threshold, it can be determined that the first battery pack has failed.

[0167] If only the barometric pressure sensor detects that the barometric pressure exceeds the barometric pressure threshold, while the temperature does not exceed the threshold, it may be due to external barometric pressure interference. This is not considered a fault at this time and requires further investigation.

[0168] In other embodiments, the first sub-data includes the first voltage data of the first battery pack monitored by the voltage monitoring unit in the first detection unit, and the second sub-data includes the first temperature data of the first battery pack detected by the temperature sensor in the first detection unit. The first sub-data and the second sub-data in the first detection data both show abnormalities, including the first voltage data meeting the voltage abnormality condition and the first temperature data being in the rising phase.

[0169] In this embodiment, the first sub-data can be the first voltage data of the first battery pack monitored by the voltage monitoring unit, and the second sub-data can be the first temperature data detected by the temperature sensor. The first abnormal condition can refer to the first voltage data meeting the voltage abnormality condition, and the second abnormal condition can refer to the first temperature data being in the rising phase.

[0170] It is understandable that during thermal runaway, voltage anomalies (such as rapid drops or rises) will occur, accompanied by a rise in temperature. Therefore, when the voltage monitoring unit detects that the first voltage data meets the voltage anomaly condition (the first voltage data represents the voltage change exceeding a preset voltage threshold within a first time period), the first temperature data can be obtained. If the first temperature data indicates that the temperature is in the rising phase (the temperature continues to increase within a second time period before the current moment), it can be determined that the first battery pack has failed.

[0171] If only the voltage monitoring unit detects an abnormal voltage, but the temperature is not rising, the abnormal voltage may be caused by a short circuit or discharge. This is not considered a fault at this time and requires further investigation.

[0172] It is understood that in this embodiment, the second abnormal condition is that the first temperature data is in the rising stage. However, in the embodiment where the pressure sensor and temperature sensor are mutually verified, the second abnormal condition is that the first temperature data exceeds the temperature threshold. This is because the detection result of the pressure sensor is easily affected by external interference. Therefore, the first temperature data needs to be verified more strictly. In this embodiment, the detection result of the voltage monitoring unit is not easily affected by external interference. Therefore, when the temperature is detected to be rising continuously, it can be determined that a fault has occurred.

[0173] In other embodiments, the first sub-data includes first smoke data of the first battery pack detected by the smoke sensor in the first detection unit, and the second sub-data includes first air pressure data of the first battery pack detected by the air pressure sensor in the first detection unit. Both the first sub-data and the second sub-data in the first detection data show abnormalities, including the first smoke data exceeding the smoke threshold and the first air pressure data being in the rising phase.

[0174] In this embodiment, the first sub-data can be the first smoke data detected by the smoke sensor, and the second sub-data can be the first air pressure data detected by the air pressure sensor. The first abnormal condition can refer to the first smoke data exceeding a smoke threshold, which can be a smoke concentration threshold for a specific gas, for example, it can be 0. When it exceeds 0, it indicates that a specific gas has been detected. The second abnormal condition can refer to the first air pressure data being in an upward phase.

[0175] It is understandable that during thermal runaway, smoke or gas will be generated, causing the internal air pressure to rise. Therefore, when the smoke sensor detects smoke data exceeding the preset smoke threshold, the first air pressure data can be obtained. If the first air pressure data indicates that the air pressure is in the rising phase (i.e., the air pressure continues to increase in the third time interval before the current moment), it can be determined that the first battery pack has failed.

[0176] If only the smoke sensor is triggered, but the air pressure is not rising, it may be due to external smoke interference. This is not considered a malfunction at this time, but further investigation is needed.

[0177] In other embodiments, the first sub-data includes first gas concentration data of the target gas in the first battery pack detected by a gas sensor in the first detection unit, and the first sub-data satisfies a first abnormal condition including the first gas concentration data exceeding a gas concentration threshold; the second sub-data includes first temperature data of the first battery pack detected by a temperature sensor in the first detection unit, and the second sub-data satisfies a second abnormal condition including the first temperature data being in a rising phase.

[0178] In this embodiment, the first sub-data can be the first gas concentration data of the first battery pack detected by the gas sensor, and the second sub-data can be the first temperature data detected by the temperature sensor. The first abnormal condition can refer to the first gas concentration data exceeding the gas concentration threshold, and the second abnormal condition can refer to the first temperature data being in the rising phase.

[0179] It is understandable that specific gases are generated during thermal runaway, accompanied by a rise in temperature. Therefore, when the gas concentration data detected by the gas sensor exceeds the gas concentration threshold, the first temperature data can be obtained. If the first temperature data indicates that the temperature is in the rising phase (the temperature continues to increase in the second time period before the current moment), it can be determined that the first battery pack has failed.

[0180] If only the gas sensor detects that the concentration of a specific gas exceeds the threshold, but the temperature is not rising, it may be a false alarm and should not be considered a fault at this time, but further investigation is needed.

[0181] It is understood that the above embodiments utilize one or more of the following as fault judgment conditions: mutual verification between pressure sensor and temperature sensor, mutual verification between voltage monitoring unit and temperature sensor, mutual verification between smoke sensor and pressure sensor, and mutual verification between gas sensor and temperature sensor. By utilizing the correlation between the data of each sensor, the accuracy and reliability of fault judgment can be improved.

[0182] According to some embodiments of this application, method 100 may further include: adjusting a threshold for at least some of the N sub-data that are abnormal based on the operating state of the battery system.

[0183] In this embodiment, the threshold for abnormal occurrences of fault indicators related to the battery system's operating state can also be adjusted based on the battery system's operating state, such as SOC, SOH, and charge / discharge state. For example, when the battery system is in a high-risk state (such as high temperature or overcharge), the threshold can be lowered to improve detection sensitivity.

[0184] In one embodiment, the threshold for anomalies in the first voltage data detected by the voltage monitoring unit can be adjusted based on the operating state of the battery system; that is, the voltage anomaly condition (the preset voltage threshold in the above embodiment) can be adjusted. Specifically, a correspondence between SOC and voltage change rate can be established, and the voltage fluctuation range can be adjusted based on this correspondence, i.e., the voltage anomaly condition can be adjusted. For example, the voltage fluctuation threshold can be relaxed for aged batteries (e.g., SOH < 80%) to reduce false alarms.

[0185] Of course, the temperature threshold can also be adjusted based on the operating status of the battery system. For example, a correspondence between SOC and critical fault temperature can be established, and the temperature threshold can be adjusted based on this correspondence. Alternatively, a temperature threshold compensation coefficient can be determined based on SOC, SOH, and the current data of the battery system, and the temperature threshold can be adjusted based on the temperature threshold adjustment coefficient.

[0186] By adjusting the conditions under which sub-data anomalies occur, the accuracy of detection can be improved, thereby reducing false alarms and missed alarms.

[0187] According to some embodiments of this application, method 100 may further include: performing data fusion on N sub-data included in the first detection data to obtain first fused data; determining that the first battery pack has failed if the first fused data meets the fault conditions; wherein the N sub-data are used to characterize different fault indicators, and N≥2, where N is a natural number.

[0188] In this embodiment, a data fusion algorithm (such as Kalman filtering, Bayesian network, etc.) can be used to fuse N sub-data to obtain the first fused data. The fault conditions can be determined based on experimental or empirical values.

[0189] If the fused data meets the fault conditions, it can be determined that the first battery pack has failed. If the fused data does not meet the fault conditions, it indicates that the first battery pack has not failed.

[0190] This embodiment improves detection accuracy by comprehensively analyzing the sub-data obtained from the detection of data from various sensors.

[0191] According to some embodiments of this application, data fusion is performed on N sub-data included in the first detection data to obtain first fused data, including: determining the weight value of each sub-data in the N sub-data based on the detection accuracy of the N sub-data; and performing data fusion on the N sub-data based on the weight value of each sub-data to obtain the first fused data.

[0192] Specifically, the weighting value of each fault indicator's sub-data can be determined based on the detection accuracy of each sensor and its close relationship with the fault. Then, based on the weighting value of each sub-data, the sub-data is weighted to obtain the first fused data.

[0193] In this embodiment, by weighting the sub-data, the impact of each sub-data on fault diagnosis can be comprehensively considered, reducing the possibility of false alarms and missed alarms.

[0194] In some embodiments, the reliability of the detection system can also be ensured by periodically checking the sensor status (such as sensitivity, drift, etc.). If a sensor abnormality (such as drift or malfunction) is detected, a warning is issued promptly and calibration or replacement is performed.

[0195] In some embodiments, a historical database can be established to record the changing trends and fault events of each sub-data set. Machine learning algorithms can then be used to analyze the historical data and optimize the detection logic and threshold settings.

[0196] Figure 9 This application provides a structural diagram of a system for implementing a battery fault handling method, as shown in other embodiments. Figure 10 for Figure 9 Control principle diagram; Figure 11 The circuit diagrams of the battery system provided in some embodiments of this application are shown.

[0197] Please refer to Figures 9 to 11 According to some embodiments of this application, obtaining the first detection data of the first battery pack in step S110 includes: the first detection unit 11 obtaining the first detection data of the first battery pack 10; controlling the switch assembly 40 to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack 10 and the output terminal 30 of the battery system when the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack 10 has failed may include: when the first detection unit 11 determines that the first battery pack 10 has failed based on the first detection data, the first detection unit controls the switch assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system.

[0198] In this embodiment, steps S110 to S130 can be executed by the first detection unit. It is understood that the first battery pack is equipped with a first detection unit 11, and the second battery pack is equipped with a second detection unit 21. The first detection unit 11 can acquire and analyze first detection data. When the analysis results indicate a fault, the first detection unit 11 can directly control the switching assembly 40, for example, by controlling... Figure 10 The first switch K1, the third switch K3, and the fourth switch K4 in the circuit control the connection state of the first battery pack 10. Similarly, the second detection unit 21 can acquire and analyze the second detection data. When the analysis results indicate a fault, the second detection unit 21 can directly control the switching assembly 40, for example, by controlling... Figure 10 The second switch K2, the third switch K3, and the fifth switch K5 are used to control the connection status of the second battery pack 20.

[0199] It is understood that in this embodiment, the first detection unit can control the connection state of the first battery pack 10 by controlling the first switch K1, the third switch K3, and the fourth switch K4. Furthermore, it does not necessarily control the connection state of the second battery pack 20 directly. When it is necessary to change the connection state of the second battery pack, the first detection unit can send control information to the second detection unit, which then controls the second switch K2, the third switch K3, and the fifth switch K5 to control the connection state of the second battery pack 20. It is also understood that both the first and second detection units can control the third switch K3, and the third switch K3 is controlled by the detection unit that first detects the fault, thereby improving control efficiency.

[0200] For example, please refer to Figure 11 When the first battery pack 10 is connected alone (first switch K1 and fourth switch K4 are closed, and the other switches are open), if the first detection unit detects a fault in the first battery pack, the first detection unit can control the first switch K1 and fourth switch K4 to open, and the second detection unit can control the second switch K2 and fifth switch K5 to close, so that the second battery pack can work alone.

[0201] Conversely, if the second battery pack 20 is connected alone (with the second switch K2 and the fifth switch K5 closed and the other switches open), and the second detection unit detects a fault in the second battery pack, the second detection unit can control the second switch K2 and the fifth switch K5 to open, and the first detection unit can control the first switch K1 and the fourth switch K4 to close, thereby allowing the first battery pack to work independently.

[0202] Figure 12 This is a flowchart illustrating a battery fault handling method provided in some embodiments of this application. Please refer to it. Figure 12In one embodiment, the battery fault handling method may further include steps S201 to S208.

[0203] Step S201: Start, activate the first detection unit 11 and the second detection unit 21.

[0204] In step S202, the first detection unit 11 acquires the first detection data of the first battery pack 10, and the second detection unit 21 acquires the second detection data of the second battery pack 20. The first detection unit 11 can acquire the first detection data through various sensors installed on the first battery pack, and similarly, the second detection unit can acquire the second detection data through various sensors installed on the second battery pack.

[0205] In step S203, the first detection unit 11 performs fault judgment based on the first detection data, and the second detection unit performs fault judgment based on the second detection data. The first detection unit 11 can analyze the first detection data to determine whether the first battery pack 10 has a fault. Similarly, the second detection unit 21 can also analyze the second detection data to determine whether the second battery pack 20 has a fault.

[0206] In step S204, the first detection unit determines whether the first battery pack 10 has malfunctioned. If yes, then step S206 is executed; otherwise, step S205 is executed.

[0207] In step S205, the second detection unit determines whether the second battery pack has malfunctioned. If yes, step S207 is executed; otherwise, step S208 is executed.

[0208] In step S206, if the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has malfunctioned, a fault prompt message can be output. The first detection unit controls the switch assembly to disconnect the first battery pack 10, and the second detection unit controls the switch assembly to use the second battery pack 20 for power supply.

[0209] In step S207, if the second detection data indicates that the second battery pack has malfunctioned, a fault prompt message can be output. The second detection unit controls the switch assembly to disconnect the second battery pack 20, and the first detection unit controls the switch assembly to use the first battery pack 10 for power supply.

[0210] Step S208, process ends.

[0211] This embodiment directly controls the switching component through the detection unit, which simplifies the control logic. When a fault is detected, fault handling is performed directly without sending the detection results to the battery management system. The battery management system performs the logic judgment and control, which simplifies the fault handling steps and improves the response speed and processing efficiency.

[0212] Figure 13A structural diagram of a system for implementing a battery fault handling method provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 14 for Figure 13 Control principle diagram; Figure 15 The circuit diagrams for the battery system provided in some embodiments of this application are shown below. Please refer to... Figures 13 to 15 According to some embodiments of this application, the battery system includes a control unit 50. Step S110, obtaining first detection data of the first battery pack 10, includes: the control unit 50 obtaining first detection data of the first battery pack 10 sent by the first detection unit 11; Step S130, in the case that the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack 10 has failed, controlling the switch assembly 40 to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack 10 and the output terminal 30 of the battery system, and electrically connecting at least one battery pack among the multiple battery packs other than the first battery pack 10 to the output terminal 30 of the battery system, includes: in the case that the control unit 50 determines that the first battery pack 10 has failed based on the first detection data, the control unit 50 controls the switch assembly 40 to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack 10 and the output terminal 30 of the battery system, and electrically connect at least one battery pack among the multiple battery packs other than the first battery pack 10 to the output terminal 30 of the battery system.

[0213] In this embodiment, steps S110 to S130 can be executed by the control unit 50. It is understood that the first battery pack is equipped with a first detection unit 11, and the second battery pack is equipped with a second detection unit 21. The control unit can obtain first detection data from the first detection unit 11 and analyze the first detection data. If the analysis result indicates a fault, the control unit 50 can directly control the switching assembly 40, for example, controlling the first switch K1 to the fifth switch K5, thereby controlling the connection state of the first battery pack 10. Similarly, the control unit can obtain second detection data from the second detection unit 21 and analyze the second detection data. If the analysis result indicates a fault, the control unit 50 can directly control the switching assembly 40 to switch the connection state of the second battery pack 20.

[0214] For example, please refer to Figure 15 When the first battery pack 10 is connected alone (first switch K1 and fourth switch K4 are closed, and the other switches are open), if the control unit determines that the first battery pack has failed, it can control the first switch K1 and fourth switch K4 to disconnect, and the control unit can simultaneously control the second switch K2 and fifth switch K5 to close, so that the second battery pack can work alone.

[0215] Conversely, if the second battery pack 20 is connected alone (with the second switch K2 and the fifth switch K5 closed and the other switches open), and the control unit determines that the second battery pack has malfunctioned, the control unit can open the second switch K2 and the fifth switch K5, and at the same time close the first switch K1 and the fourth switch K4, thereby allowing the first battery pack to work independently.

[0216] Figure 16 A schematic flowchart of a battery fault handling method provided in some embodiments of this application is shown below; please refer to Figure 16 In one embodiment, the battery fault handling method may further include steps S301 to S308.

[0217] Step S301: Start, activate the control unit, the first detection unit, and the second detection unit.

[0218] In step S302, the control unit 50 acquires first detection data of the first battery pack 10 through the first detection unit 11, and acquires second detection data of the second battery pack 20 through the second detection unit 21. The first detection unit 11 can acquire the first detection data through various sensors installed on the first battery pack, and similarly, the second detection unit can acquire the second detection data through various sensors installed on the second battery pack.

[0219] In step S303, the control unit 50 performs fault judgment on the first detection data and the second detection data respectively. The control unit can analyze the first detection data to determine whether the first battery pack has a fault. Similarly, the control unit 50 can also analyze the second detection data to determine whether the second battery pack has a fault.

[0220] In step S304, the control unit determines whether the first battery pack has malfunctioned. If yes, step S306 is executed; otherwise, step S305 is executed.

[0221] In step S305, the control unit determines whether the second battery pack has malfunctioned. If yes, step S307 is executed; otherwise, step S308 is executed.

[0222] In step S306, if the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has malfunctioned, the control unit can output a fault message, disconnect the first battery pack 10, and use the second battery pack 20 for power supply.

[0223] In step S307, if the second detection number indicates that the second battery pack has malfunctioned, the control unit can output a fault message, disconnect the connection of the second battery pack 20, and use the first battery pack 10 for power supply.

[0224] Step S308, process ends.

[0225] This embodiment can acquire detection data through a detection unit, analyze the data through a centralized control unit, and control the switching component to change the connection state of the battery pack. This simplifies the structure of the detection unit, enables rapid switching of multiple battery pack states, reduces hardware costs, and provides high maintenance convenience.

[0226] According to some embodiments of this application, the battery system includes a battery management system, and method 100 further includes: the battery management system acquiring second detection data of the second battery pack 20, wherein the second detection data is detected by a second detection unit 21, and the second detection unit 21 is a detection unit correspondingly disposed in the second battery pack 20; acquiring first detection data of the first battery pack 10 in step S110 may include: the battery management system acquiring first detection data of the first battery pack 10; controlling the switch assembly 40 to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack 10 and the output terminal 30 of the battery system when the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack 10 has failed, and electrically connecting at least one of the remaining battery packs other than the first battery pack to the output terminal of the battery system in step S130 includes: when the battery management system determines that the first battery pack 10 has failed based on the first detection data and the second detection data, and the second battery pack 20 has not failed, the battery management system controls the switch assembly 40 to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack 10 and the output terminal 30 of the battery system, and electrically connects the second battery pack 20 to the output terminal of the battery system.

[0227] In this embodiment, the battery management system may include a switching assembly 40 and multiple detection units, each of which is configured to correspond one-to-one with a plurality of battery packs in the battery system. For example, the battery management system may include a first detection unit 11 and a second detection unit 12.

[0228] In this embodiment, the battery management system can execute... Figure 12 In the illustrated embodiment, the first detection unit of the battery management system acquires the first detection data of the first battery pack, and the second detection unit of the battery management system acquires the second detection data. Then, the first detection unit analyzes the first detection data to determine whether the first battery pack has a fault, and the second detection unit analyzes the second detection data to determine whether the second battery pack has a fault. If the first battery pack has a fault but the second battery pack has not, the first detection unit controls the switch assembly to disconnect the first battery pack, and the second detection unit controls the switch assembly to connect the second battery pack to the output terminal of the battery system, thereby using the second battery pack for power supply.

[0229] In addition, the battery management system can also be used to perform Figure 16In the illustrated embodiment, the battery management system may include a control unit 50, or the battery management system may function as the control unit 50. The battery management system acquires first detection data through a first detection unit and second detection data through a second detection unit. It then analyzes the first and second detection data. If the first battery pack malfunctions but the second battery pack does not, the battery management system controls a switching assembly to disconnect the first battery pack and connects the second battery pack to the output terminal of the battery system, thereby using the second battery pack for power supply.

[0230] In this embodiment, the method for determining that the second battery pack has failed is the same as the method for determining that the first battery pack has failed. For example, if two sub-data representing different fault indicators in the second detection data are abnormal, it can be determined that the second battery pack has failed. For details, please refer to the relevant embodiments for determining the failure of the first battery pack described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0231] In this embodiment, the battery management system can monitor the thermal runaway faults of the first battery pack and the second battery pack. When the first battery pack fails, the second battery pack can provide power, which improves the battery system's ability to cope with faults and enhances the reliability and safety of the electrical equipment.

[0232] In some embodiments, the type of sensor included in the first detection unit 11 is different from the type of sensor included in the second detection unit 21; and / or, the number of sensors included in the first detection unit 11 is different from the number of sensors included in the second detection unit.

[0233] It is understood that the second detection unit also includes at least one of a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a gas sensor, and a voltage monitoring unit.

[0234] In some embodiments, the first detection unit may be different from the second detection unit; for example, the types and / or numbers of sensors contained in the two may be different.

[0235] Specifically, when the size or type of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are different, targeted testing can be performed by setting up first and second detection units with different configurations.

[0236] Furthermore, when the historical risks of the first and second battery packs differ, detection units with higher sensitivity or a greater number of sensors can be configured for the battery pack with higher historical risk. Historical risk can refer to minor defects in the manufacturing process of a battery pack, or minor overcharging and over-discharging during its service life, resulting in relatively lower reliability.

[0237] Meanwhile, for the installation locations of the first and second battery packs, such as those in the center of the battery system or in locations with poor heat dissipation, detection units with high sensitivity or a large number of sensors can be set up for focused monitoring.

[0238] This embodiment can combine the types, locations, or historical risks of the first and second battery packs to change the types and number of sensors in the first and second detection units, thereby achieving the most efficient allocation of resources, improving system reliability, and reducing costs.

[0239] This application embodiment also provides a battery system, including: a switch assembly 40 and a plurality of physically isolated battery packs. The switch assembly 40 is connected to the plurality of battery packs to control the connection state of the plurality of battery packs, and each of the plurality of battery packs is provided with a detection unit. The battery system is configured to determine that the first battery pack has failed when both the first sub-data and the second sub-data in the first detection data of the first battery pack 10 are abnormal; and when the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack 10 has failed, the electrical connection between the first battery pack 10 and the output terminal 30 of the battery system is disconnected, and at least one of the battery packs other than the first battery pack 10 is electrically connected to the output terminal 30 of the battery system. The first detection data is detected by the first detection unit 11, the first sub-data and the second sub-data are used to characterize different fault indicators, the first battery pack 10 is one of the plurality of battery packs, and the first detection unit 11 is a detection unit corresponding to the first battery pack 10.

[0240] In this embodiment, the structure and function of the battery system are the same as those in the above embodiments. For details, please refer to the above embodiments and they will not be repeated here. In addition, the battery system can be used to execute the battery fault handling method 100 in any of the above embodiments. Therefore, the battery system has all the beneficial effects of the above method 100, which will not be repeated here.

[0241] In some embodiments, the first detection unit 11 is configured to acquire first detection data of the first battery pack 10; and, if the first detection unit 11 determines that the first battery pack 10 has malfunctioned based on the first detection data, to control the switch assembly 40 to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack 10 and the output terminal of the battery system.

[0242] In this embodiment, when the detection unit detects a fault, it can directly control the switching component, which simplifies the control logic. Furthermore, when a fault is detected, fault handling can be performed directly without sending the detection results to the battery management system. The battery management system performs the logic judgment and control, which simplifies the fault handling steps and improves the response speed and processing efficiency.

[0243] In some embodiments, the battery system includes a control unit 50, which is configured to acquire first detection data of a first battery pack 10 sent by a first detection unit 11; and, if the control unit 50 determines based on the first detection data that the first battery pack 10 has failed, to control a switch assembly 40 to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack 10 and the output terminal 30 of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs other than the first battery pack 10 to the output terminal 30 of the battery system.

[0244] This embodiment can acquire detection data through a detection unit, analyze the data through a centralized control unit, and control the switching component to change the connection state of the battery pack. This simplifies the structure of the detection unit, enables rapid switching of multiple battery pack states, reduces hardware costs, and provides high maintenance convenience.

[0245] This application embodiment also provides a battery management system, including a switch assembly 40 and multiple detection units. Each detection unit is respectively configured to correspond one-to-one with multiple physically isolated battery packs in the battery system. The switch assembly 40 is connected to the multiple battery packs to control the connection state of the multiple battery packs. The battery management system is configured to acquire first detection data of a first battery pack 10, wherein the first detection data is detected by a first detection unit 11, the first battery pack 10 being one of the multiple battery packs, and the first detection unit 11 being a detection unit correspondingly located on the first battery pack 10; if both the first sub-data and the second sub-data in the first detection data are abnormal, it is determined that the first battery pack has failed, wherein the first sub-data and the second sub-data are used to characterize different fault indicators; and if the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack 10 has failed, the switch assembly 40 is controlled to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack 10 and the output terminal 30 of the battery system, and at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack 10) is electrically connected to the output terminal 30 of the battery system.

[0246] In this embodiment, the battery system includes a battery management system, which may include a switch assembly 40 and a detection unit corresponding to each battery pack. The structure and function of the battery management system are the same as those in the above embodiments, and can be referred to the above embodiments for details without further explanation. In addition, the battery management system can be used to execute the battery fault handling method 100 in any of the above embodiments. Therefore, the battery management system has all the beneficial effects of the above method 100, which will not be elaborated here.

[0247] In some embodiments, the first detection unit 11 is configured to acquire first detection data of the first battery pack 10; and, if the first detection unit 11 determines that the first battery pack 10 has malfunctioned based on the first detection data, to control the switch assembly 40 to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack 10 and the output terminal of the battery system.

[0248] In this embodiment, when the detection unit detects a fault, it can directly control the switching component, which simplifies the control logic. Furthermore, when a fault is detected, fault handling can be performed directly without sending the detection results to the battery management system. The battery management system performs the logic judgment and control, which simplifies the fault handling steps and improves the response speed and processing efficiency.

[0249] In some embodiments, the battery management system includes a control unit 50, which is configured to acquire first detection data of a first battery pack 10 sent by a first detection unit 11; and, if the control unit 50 determines based on the first detection data that the first battery pack 10 has failed, to control a switch assembly 40 to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack 10 and the output terminal 30 of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs other than the first battery pack 10 to the output terminal 30 of the battery system.

[0250] This embodiment can acquire detection data through a detection unit, analyze the data through a centralized control unit, and control the switching component to change the connection state of the battery pack. This simplifies the structure of the detection unit, enables rapid switching of multiple battery pack states, reduces hardware costs, and provides high maintenance convenience.

[0251] This application also provides an electrical device including any of the above-mentioned battery systems, the battery system being used to provide electrical energy.

[0252] Electrical devices include vehicles (such as cars, electric vehicles, ships, spacecraft, etc.), display devices (such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, etc.), electric toys, power tools, etc.

[0253] It is understood that the electrical device provided in this application, by using any of the aforementioned battery systems, possesses all the beneficial effects of the aforementioned battery systems, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0254] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of a battery fault handling device according to some embodiments of this application. Please refer to... Figure 17This application provides a battery fault handling device 400 for use in a battery system. The battery system includes a switch assembly 40 and multiple physically isolated battery packs. The switch assembly 40 is connected to the multiple battery packs to control the connection status of the multiple battery packs, and each battery pack is provided with a corresponding detection unit. The device 400 includes the following modules: The acquisition module 410 is configured to acquire first detection data of the first battery pack 10, wherein the first detection data is detected by the first detection unit 11, the first battery pack 10 is one of multiple battery packs, and the first detection unit 11 is a detection unit corresponding to the first battery pack.

[0255] The determination module 420 is configured to determine that the first battery pack 10 has failed when both the first sub-data and the second sub-data in the first detection data are abnormal. The first sub-data and the second sub-data are used to characterize different fault indicators.

[0256] The processing module 430 is configured to, in the event that the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack 10 has failed, control the switch assembly 40 to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack 10 and the output terminal 30 of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs other than the first battery pack 10 to the output terminal 30 of the battery system.

[0257] The acquisition module 410, determination module 420, and processing module 430 can respectively correspond to steps S110 to S130 in the battery fault handling method, and will not be described in detail here for the sake of brevity. It should be understood that, corresponding to the embodiments of the battery fault handling method, the battery fault handling device 400 may also include more modules.

[0258] It should be noted that the functions of the modules discussed herein can be divided into multiple modules, and / or at least some functions of multiple modules can be combined into a single module. The specific actions performed by a particular module discussed herein include the specific module itself performing the action, or alternatively, the specific module calling or otherwise accessing another component or module that performs the action (or performs the action in conjunction with the specific module). Therefore, a specific module performing an action can include the specific module performing the action itself and / or another module that performs the action, called or otherwise accessed by the specific module.

[0259] It should also be understood that this article can describe various technologies in the general context of software and hardware components or program modules. The above regarding... Figure 17The described modules can be implemented in hardware or in hardware in combination with software and / or firmware. For example, these modules can be implemented as computer program code / instructions configured to execute in one or more processors and stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Alternatively, these modules can be implemented as hardware logic / circuit. Hardware logic / circuit may include integrated circuit chips (which include processors (e.g., Central Processing Unit (CPU), microcontrollers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs), etc.), memory, one or more communication interfaces, and / or one or more components in other circuitry), and may optionally execute received program code and / or include embedded firmware to perform functions.

[0260] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of a computing device for implementing a battery fault handling method, provided for some embodiments of this application. Figure 18 As shown, this application embodiment also provides a computing device 500, including: at least one processor 505; and at least one memory 507 communicatively connected to at least one processor 505, the at least one memory 507 storing instructions, which, when executed individually or jointly by at least one processor 505, cause the computing device to perform the method of any of the above embodiments.

[0261] The computing device 500 may include at least one processor 505 capable of communicating with each other, such as via a bus 504 or other suitable connection, a memory 507, multiple communication interfaces 502, a display device 501, other input / output (I / O) devices 503, and one or more mass storage devices 506. Instructions are stored on the memory 507 that, when executed by the processor 505, cause the processor 505 to perform the battery failure handling method as described in the above embodiments.

[0262] Processor 505 may be a single processing unit or multiple processing units, and all processing units may include single or multiple computing units or multiple cores. Processor 505 may be implemented as one or more microprocessors, microcomputers, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, central processing units, state machines, logic circuits, and / or any computing device that manipulates signals based on operating instructions. Among other capabilities, processor 505 may be configured to fetch and execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory 507, mass storage device 506, or other computer-readable media, such as program code of operating system 508, program code of application program 509, program code of other program 510, etc.

[0263] Memory 507 and mass storage device 506 are examples of computer-readable storage media for storing instructions that are executed by processor 505 to perform the various functions described above. For example, memory 507 may generally include both volatile and non-volatile memory (e.g., RAM, ROM, etc.). Furthermore, mass storage device 506 may generally include hard disk drives, solid-state drives, removable media, including external and removable drives, memory cards, flash memory, floppy disks, optical disks (e.g., CDs, DVDs), storage arrays, network-attached storage, storage area networks, etc. Both memory 507 and mass storage device 506 may be collectively referred to herein as memory or computer-readable storage media, and may be non-transitory media capable of storing computer-readable, processor-executable program instructions as computer program code, which may be executed by processor 505 as a specific machine configured to perform the operations and functions described in the examples herein.

[0264] Multiple programs may be stored on mass storage device 506. These programs include operating system 508, one or more application programs 509, other programs 510, and program data 511, and they may be loaded into memory 507 for execution. Examples of such application programs or program modules may include, for example, computer program logic (e.g., computer program code or instructions) for implementing components / functions such as: battery fault handling device 400 (including acquisition module 410, determination module 420, and processing module 430), battery fault handling method 100 (including any suitable steps of battery fault handling method 100), and / or other embodiments described herein.

[0265] Although Figure 18 The data is illustrated as being stored in memory 507 of computing device 500, but operating system 508, application program 509, other programs 510 and program data 511 or portions thereof may be implemented using any form of computer-readable medium accessible by computing device 500.

[0266] One or more communication interfaces 502 are used for exchanging data with other computing devices, such as via a network, direct connection, etc. Such communication interfaces can be one or more of the following: any type of network interface (e.g., a network interface card (NIC)), wired or wireless (such as IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN (WLAN)) wireless interface, Wi-MAX interface, Ethernet interface, Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, cellular network interface, Bluetooth™ interface, Near Field Communication (NFC) interface, etc. Communication interface 502 can facilitate communication across various network and protocol types, including wired networks (e.g., LAN, cable, etc.) and wireless networks (e.g., WLAN, cellular, satellite, etc.), the Internet, etc. Communication interface 502 can also provide communication with external storage devices (not shown), such as storage arrays, network-attached storage, storage area networks, etc.

[0267] In some examples, a display device 501, such as a monitor, may be included for displaying information and images to the user. Other I / O devices 503 may be devices that receive various inputs from the user and provide various outputs to the user, and may include touch input devices, gesture input devices, cameras, keyboards, remote controls, mice, printers, audio input / output devices, and so on.

[0268] The technologies described herein can be supported by various configurations of computing device 500, including but not limited to specific examples of the technologies described herein. For example, the functionality can also be implemented wholly or partially on a “cloud” using a distributed system. A cloud includes and / or represents a platform for resources. The platform abstracts the underlying functionality of the cloud’s hardware (e.g., servers) and software resources. Resources may include applications and / or data that can be used when performing computational processing on servers remote from computing device 500. Resources may also include services provided via the Internet and / or via subscriber networks such as cellular or Wi-Fi networks. The platform can abstract resources and functionality to connect computing device 500 to other computing devices. Therefore, the implementation of the functionality described herein can be distributed throughout the cloud. For example, the functionality can be implemented partly on computing device 500 and partly through a platform that abstracts the functionality of the cloud.

[0269] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed individually or jointly by one or more processors of a computing device, cause the computing device to perform the methods described in any of the above embodiments.

[0270] Computer-readable storage media include volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented by any method or technology for storing information such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, Digital Universal Disc (DVD) or other optical storage devices, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tapes, disk storage devices or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information for access by computer equipment.

[0271] This application provides a computer program product including instructions that, when executed individually or jointly by one or more processors of a computing device, cause the computing device to perform the methods described in any of the above embodiments.

[0272] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application.

[0273] In some embodiments, the battery fault handling method 100 can be used in a battery system, such as the battery of an electric vehicle. The battery includes a switch assembly 40 and a physically isolated first battery pack 10 and second battery pack 20. The switch assembly 40 is connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack to control the connection state of the first battery pack and the second battery pack. A first detection unit is provided in the first battery pack and a second detection unit is provided in the second battery pack.

[0274] The switch assembly 40 includes a first switch K1, a second switch K2, and a third switch K3; the first battery pack 10, the third switch K3, and the second battery pack 20 are connected in series between the first output terminal 31 and the second output terminal 32, wherein the first output terminal 31 and the second output terminal 32 are two output terminals of the battery system, and the second battery pack 20 is one of multiple battery packs; the first battery pack 10 and the first switch K1 are connected in series between the first output terminal 31 and the second output terminal 32, and the branch formed by the third switch K3 and the second battery pack 20 connected in series is also connected in parallel with the first switch K1; the second switch K2 and the second battery pack 20 are connected in series between the first output terminal 31 and the second output terminal 32, and the branch formed by the first battery pack 10 and the third switch K3 connected in series is also connected in parallel with the second switch K2.

[0275] Method 100 may include acquiring first detection data of the first battery pack 10; determining that the first battery pack has failed when both the first sub-data and the second sub-data in the first detection data are abnormal; and controlling the first switch K1 to open when the first battery pack 10 and the second battery pack 20 are connected in parallel and the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack 10 has failed (e.g., thermal runaway failure); or controlling the third switch K3 to open and the second switch K2 to close when the first battery pack 10 and the second battery pack 20 are connected in series and the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack 10 has failed.

[0276] Specifically, when judging the fault of the first battery pack, the fault can be initially judged based on whether the first sub-data and the second sub-data in the first detection data are both abnormal. If the fault is initially judged, the connection of the first battery pack can be cut off. In addition, the fault can be further judged based on whether the number of abnormal sub-data is greater than or equal to a preset threshold. If the fault is indeed judged in the second determination, a fault prompt message can be issued and the battery cooling device can be used for rapid cooling.

[0277] In addition, the detection unit may include a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a gas sensor, and a voltage monitoring unit, thereby enabling the detection of thermal runaway.

[0278] In this embodiment, the connection status of each battery pack can be adjusted via a switching component, thereby flexibly adjusting the voltage level of the battery system. Furthermore, by setting a detection unit in each battery pack, the fault status of each battery pack can be monitored in a timely manner, accurately locating the faulty battery pack and facilitating rapid isolation of the faulty area. Moreover, due to the physical isolation of each battery pack, when one fails, the fault is less likely to propagate rapidly between multiple battery packs, allowing time for fault handling. Additionally, by promptly disconnecting a battery pack after a fault is determined and utilizing the remaining healthy battery packs for power, the equipment will not suddenly lose power, improving its safety.

[0279] For example, if a battery pack malfunctions during the operation of an electric vehicle, a fault-free battery pack can be quickly switched to slow the spread of the fault. At the same time, the remaining fault-free battery packs can provide power without cutting off the entire power supply circuit. This allows the electric vehicle to rely on the power provided by the normal battery packs to drive into a safe area without suddenly losing power, thus improving the safety of the electric vehicle.

[0280] By identifying the fault in the first battery pack when two fault indicators in the first battery pack show abnormalities, the false alarm phenomenon caused by a single indicator can be reduced, and the accuracy and reliability of fault detection can be significantly improved.

[0281] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery fault handling method, characterized in that, For use in a battery system, the battery system includes: a switching assembly and a plurality of physically isolated battery packs, the switching assembly being connected to the plurality of battery packs to control the connection state of the plurality of battery packs, and each of the plurality of battery packs being provided with a corresponding detection unit; the method includes: First detection data of the first battery pack is obtained, wherein the first detection data is obtained by the first detection unit, the first battery pack is one of the plurality of battery packs, and the first detection unit is a detection unit correspondingly set in the first battery pack; If both the first sub-data and the second sub-data in the first detection data are abnormal, it is determined that the first battery pack has failed. The first sub-data and the second sub-data are used to characterize different fault indicators. If the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has failed, the switching assembly is controlled to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching assembly includes a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch; The first battery pack, the third switch, and the second battery pack are connected in series between the first output terminal and the second output terminal, wherein the first output terminal and the second output terminal are two output terminals of the battery system, and the second battery pack is one of the multiple battery packs; The first battery pack and the first switch are connected in series between the first output terminal and the second output terminal, and the branch formed by the third switch and the second battery pack connected in series is also connected in parallel with the first switch; The second switch and the second battery pack are connected in series between the first output terminal and the second output terminal, and the branch formed by the first battery pack and the third switch connected in series is also connected in parallel with the second switch.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the first detection data indicates a fault in the first battery pack, controlling the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system, includes: When the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel, and the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has malfunctioned, the first switch is controlled to open; and / or, When the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series and the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has failed, the third switch of the control unit is opened and the second switch is closed.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The switching assembly further includes a fourth switch and a fifth switch; the fourth switch is connected in series between the first battery pack and the first output terminal, and the fifth switch is connected in series between the second battery pack and the second output terminal; Furthermore, the first switch is connected in parallel with a first one-way switch, which allows current to flow unidirectionally from the second output terminal to the third switch via the first one-way switch. The second switch is connected in parallel with a second one-way switch, which allows current to flow unidirectionally from the third switch to the first output terminal via the second one-way switch.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the first detection data indicates a fault in the first battery pack, controlling the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system, includes: When the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel, and the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has malfunctioned, the first switch is controlled to disconnect from the fourth switch; and / or, When the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series and the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has failed, the third and fourth switches of the control unit are opened, and the second switch is closed.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first detection data includes N sub-data that represent different fault indicators. The first sub-data and the second sub-data are each one of the N sub-data, and N≥2, where N is a natural number.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, After controlling the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system, the method further includes: If the number of abnormal sub-data in the first detection data is less than a preset threshold M within a preset time period, the switch component is controlled to return to its initial state. Where 2 < M ≤ N, and M is a natural number.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the number of abnormal sub-data points in the first detection data is greater than or equal to a preset threshold M, a fault warning message indicating a fault in the first battery pack is issued; and / or, If the number of abnormal sub-data in the first detection data is greater than or equal to a preset threshold M, the battery cooling device is controlled to cool the first battery pack. Where 2 < M ≤ N, and M is a natural number.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the first sub-data satisfies the first abnormal condition, and the second sub-data satisfies the second abnormal condition during the abnormal duration of the first sub-data, it is determined that both the first sub-data in the first detection data and the second sub-data in the first detection data are abnormal.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first sub-data includes the first air pressure data of the first battery pack detected by the air pressure sensor in the first detection unit, and the second sub-data includes the first temperature data of the first battery pack detected by the temperature sensor in the first detection unit. The first sub-data and the second sub-data in the first detection data are both abnormal, including the first air pressure data exceeding the air pressure threshold and the first temperature data exceeding the temperature threshold. or, The first sub-data includes the first voltage data of the first battery pack monitored by the voltage monitoring unit in the first detection unit, and the second sub-data includes the first temperature data of the first battery pack detected by the temperature sensor in the first detection unit. The first sub-data and the second sub-data in the first detection data both show abnormalities, including the first voltage data meeting the voltage abnormality condition and the first temperature data being in the rising phase. or, The first sub-data includes the first smoke data of the first battery pack detected by the smoke sensor in the first detection unit, and the second sub-data includes the first air pressure data of the first battery pack detected by the air pressure sensor in the first detection unit. The first sub-data and the second sub-data in the first detection data are both abnormal, including the first smoke data exceeding the smoke threshold and the first air pressure data being in the rising phase. or, The first sub-data includes the first gas concentration data of the target gas in the first battery pack detected by the gas sensor in the first detection unit, and the second sub-data includes the first temperature data of the first battery pack detected by the temperature sensor in the first detection unit. Both the first sub-data and the second sub-data in the first detection data show abnormalities, including the first gas concentration data exceeding the gas concentration threshold and the first temperature data being in the rising phase.

11. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the operating status of the battery system, the threshold for at least some of the N sub-data points to be abnormal is adjusted.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the first detection data of the first battery pack includes: the first detection unit obtaining the first detection data of the first battery pack; If the first detection data indicates a fault in the first battery pack, controlling the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system includes: If the first detection unit determines that the first battery pack has malfunctioned based on the first detection data, the first detection unit controls the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The battery system includes a control unit. The step of acquiring the first detection data of the first battery pack includes: the control unit acquiring the first detection data of the first battery pack sent by the first detection unit; When the first detection data indicates a fault in the first battery pack, controlling the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system, includes: If the control unit determines that the first battery pack has malfunctioned based on the first detection data, the control unit controls the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first detection unit includes at least one of a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a gas sensor, and a voltage monitoring unit.

15. The method according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The battery system includes a battery management system, and the method further includes: The battery management system acquires second detection data of the second battery pack, wherein the second detection data is obtained by a second detection unit, and the second detection unit is a detection unit correspondingly set in the second battery pack; The step of obtaining the first detection data of the first battery pack includes: the battery management system obtaining the first detection data of the first battery pack; When the first detection data indicates a fault in the first battery pack, controlling the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system, includes: When the battery management system determines, based on the first detection data and the second detection data, that the first battery pack has malfunctioned and the second battery pack has not malfunctioned, the battery management system controls the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and to electrically connect the second battery pack to the output terminal of the battery system.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The types of sensors included in the first detection unit are different from the types of sensors included in the second detection unit; And / or, The number of sensors contained in the first detection unit differs from the number of sensors contained in the second detection unit.

17. A battery fault handling device, characterized in that, For use in a battery system, the battery system includes: a switching assembly and a plurality of physically isolated battery packs, the switching assembly being connected to the plurality of battery packs to control the connection state of the plurality of battery packs, and each of the plurality of battery packs being provided with a corresponding detection unit; the device includes: The acquisition module is configured to acquire first detection data of the first battery pack, wherein the first detection data is obtained by the first detection unit, the first battery pack is one of the plurality of battery packs, and the first detection unit is a detection unit correspondingly set in the first battery pack. The determination module is configured to determine that the first battery pack has failed when both the first sub-data and the second sub-data in the first detection data are abnormal, wherein the first sub-data and the second sub-data are used to characterize different fault indicators. The processing module is configured to, when the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has failed, control the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system.

18. A battery system, characterized in that, include: A switching assembly and multiple physically isolated battery packs, wherein the switching assembly is connected to the multiple battery packs to control the connection status of the multiple battery packs, and each of the multiple battery packs is provided with a corresponding detection unit. The battery system is configured to determine that the first battery pack has malfunctioned if both the first sub-data in the first detection data of the first battery pack and the second sub-data in the first detection data are abnormal. In the event that the first detection data indicates a fault in the first battery pack, the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system is disconnected, and at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the battery system. The first sub-data and the second sub-data are used to characterize different fault indicators. The first detection data is obtained by a first detection unit. The first battery pack is one of the multiple battery packs. The first detection unit is a detection unit corresponding to the first battery pack.

19. The battery system according to claim 18, characterized in that, The first detection unit is configured to acquire first detection data of the first battery pack; and, if the first detection unit determines that the first battery pack has malfunctioned based on the first detection data, control the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system.

20. The battery system according to claim 18, characterized in that, The battery system includes a control unit. The control unit is configured to acquire first detection data of the first battery pack sent by the first detection unit; and, if the control unit determines that the first battery pack has malfunctioned based on the first detection data, control the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system.

21. A battery management system, characterized in that, It includes a switch assembly and multiple detection units, each of which is respectively configured to correspond one-to-one with multiple physically isolated battery packs in the battery system. The switch assembly is connected to the multiple battery packs to control the connection status of the multiple battery packs. The battery management system is configured to acquire first detection data of a first battery pack, wherein the first detection data is obtained by a first detection unit, the first battery pack being one of the plurality of battery packs, and the first detection unit being a detection unit correspondingly disposed in the first battery pack; if both a first sub-data and a second sub-data in the first detection data are abnormal, it is determined that the first battery pack has failed, wherein the first sub-data and the second sub-data are used to characterize different fault indicators; and if the first detection data indicates that the first battery pack has failed, it controls the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system.

22. The battery management system according to claim 21, characterized in that, The first detection unit is configured to acquire first detection data of the first battery pack; and, if the first detection unit determines that the first battery pack has malfunctioned based on the first detection data, control the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system.

23. The battery management system according to claim 21, characterized in that, The battery management system includes a control unit. The control unit is configured to acquire first detection data of the first battery pack sent by the first detection unit; and, if the control unit determines that the first battery pack has malfunctioned based on the first detection data, control the switching assembly to disconnect the electrical connection between the first battery pack and the output terminal of the battery system, and to electrically connect at least one of the remaining battery packs (excluding the first battery pack) to the output terminal of the battery system.

24. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery system as described in any one of claims 18-20, the battery system being used to provide electrical energy.

25. A computing device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor, the at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed individually or jointly by the at least one processor, cause the computing device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 16.

26. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The device stores instructions that, when executed individually or jointly by one or more processors of the computing device, cause the computing device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 16.

27. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes instructions that, when executed individually or jointly by one or more processors of a computing device, cause the computing device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 16.

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