Safety protection device for construction site deep foundation pit

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hoisting protection, and discloses a safety protection device for a construction site deep foundation pit, the safety protection device comprises a safety cage, a vertical rod and a protection mechanism, the protection mechanism comprises a fixing frame, a transmission frame and a transverse moving frame, the fixing frame is connected with the safety cage, and the transmission frame is arranged between the fixing frame and the transverse moving frame and arranged on the fixing frame in a front-back sliding mode; the transverse moving frame is arranged on the transmission frame in a left-right sliding mode, the fixed frame and the transverse moving frame are each provided with a clamping pulley mechanism and a locking mechanism, an emergency brake mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame, the clamping pulley mechanisms enable the protection mechanism to move along the vertical rod, and the locking mechanisms enable the fixed frame and the transverse moving frame to keep the distance from the vertical rod in the locking state. According to the safety protection device for the construction site deep foundation pit, stable lifting of the safety cage along the vertical rods is achieved, accurate transverse movement among the vertical rods can be completed through the protection mechanism, and the operation range is greatly expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hoisting protection technology, specifically to a safety protection device for deep foundation pits at construction sites. Background Technology

[0002] In existing deep foundation pit safety protection processes, it is necessary to first reinforce the walls of the deep foundation pit, such as by pouring concrete walls or providing protective steel plate support. Construction workers usually use ramps or hoisting equipment to descend into the deep foundation pit for construction. For deeper foundation pits, a safety cage pulled by a winch is usually used to transport personnel and bulk materials. Some equipment is equipped with a simple upright guide structure to ensure that the safety cage can be dropped stably.

[0003] A Chinese patent (publication number: CN114348925B) discloses a safety protection device for deep foundation pits, which is an enhanced protective structure with oxygen supply, alarm and observation functions. The device can provide safety protection for workers in deep foundation pits in case of emergencies. However, the device is directly lifted by a crane without other support points, which makes it easy for the device to sway during descent and collide with the walls of the deep foundation pit, causing collision injuries to the workers inside.

[0004] During deep foundation pit construction, it is necessary to regularly inspect the protective structure of the walls to prevent collapse accidents. However, this type of equipment cannot perform this task. The safety cage with the pole guide lacks a stable lateral movement structure. If the lateral position of the safety cage needs to be adjusted, the work often needs to be stopped and external auxiliary equipment is needed, which is not only inefficient but also increases the risk of operation. The safety cage without additional support points lacks stability during hoisting, which keeps the personnel inside in a constant state of motion (mainly swinging). If the dynamic vision is insufficient, it is difficult to detect cracks in the deep foundation pit walls.

[0005] The emergency braking system of this type of equipment is unreliable, and most of them rely solely on the self-braking of the hoisting equipment. When the hoisting equipment malfunctions and causes the safety cage to fall abnormally, it cannot be stopped immediately by rigidly locking with the deep foundation pit structure, which can easily lead to safety accidents and fails to meet the dual requirements of flexibility and safety for deep foundation pit operations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned difficulties and provide a safety protection device for deep foundation pits at construction sites.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: a safety protection device for deep foundation pits at construction sites, including a safety cage, which is raised and lowered along the wall of the deep foundation pit by a hoisting device, and also includes uprights and a protective mechanism. The uprights are provided with multiple mounting plates fixed to the wall of the deep foundation pit and stiffening plates connected to the mounting plates. The protective mechanism is located on one side of the safety cage, so that the safety cage can move up and down along the uprights and move laterally on the multiple uprights. The protective mechanism includes a fixed frame, a transmission frame, and a transverse frame. The fixed frame is connected to the safety cage. The transmission frame is located between the fixed frame and the transverse frame and slides back and forth on the fixed frame. The transverse frame slides left and right on the transmission frame. Both the fixed frame and the transverse frame are equipped with a clamping pulley mechanism and a locking mechanism. An emergency braking mechanism is located at the bottom of the fixed frame. The clamping pulley mechanism moves the protective mechanism along the upright. In the locked state, the locking mechanism keeps the fixed frame and the transverse frame at a distance from the upright. When the emergency braking mechanism brakes, it engages with the stiffening plate to prevent the safety cage from falling.

[0008] As an improvement: the clamping pulley mechanism includes a fixed platform, with clamping plates hinged to both sides of the fixed platform, and rollers that cooperate with the upright are rotatably provided on both the fixed platform and the clamping plates.

[0009] As an improvement: the clamping plate is provided with a guide rod, the guide rod is provided with a guide slide, and the fixed frame and the transmission frame are provided with a limiting mechanism that matches the clamping pulley mechanism. The limiting mechanism includes a limiting plate, which is slidably mounted on the matching fixed platform. The limiting plate is provided with a guide groove that slides with the guide slide.

[0010] As an improvement: the fixed frame is provided with an extension rod that passes through the gap between the transmission frame and the transverse frame, and the end of the extension rod is provided with a frame located between the upright and the transverse frame. The limiting mechanism also includes a follower table that cooperates with the limiting plate. The follower table matching the clamping pulley mechanism on the fixed frame is slidably mounted on the transmission frame, and the follower table matching the clamping pulley mechanism on the transverse frame is slidably mounted on the frame.

[0011] As an improvement: the limiting plate is provided with a wing plate, and the follower platform is provided with a slide rod passing through the through hole on the wing plate, and the slide rod is provided with a spring connected to the wing plate.

[0012] As an improvement: the emergency braking mechanism includes a fixed box connected to the fixed frame, a drive wheel that rotatably cooperates with the upright is provided inside the fixed box, pressure plates are hinged to both sides of the drive wheel at the front end of the fixed box, a spring is provided on the rear side of the pressure plate that is connected to the fixed box, a brake pad is provided on the pressure plate, a push rod is slidably provided inside the fixed box, the end of the push rod pushes the pressure plate to rotate, and a transmission structure is provided inside the fixed box to convert the torque of the drive wheel into the thrust of the push rod.

[0013] As an improvement: the transmission structure includes a ring wheel, with rotating wheels on both sides of the drive wheel, a centrifugal insertion platform connected by a spring two in the groove on the outer side of the rotating wheel, the rotating wheel is located inside the ring wheel, the inner side of the ring wheel has a slot that cooperates with the centrifugal insertion platform, a gear one is coaxially connected to one side of the ring wheel, and a rack that meshes with the gear one is provided at the bottom of the push rod.

[0014] As an improvement: the locking mechanism includes a semi-circular fixed platform, an arc-shaped groove inside the semi-circular fixed platform, a semi-circular insert rotatably arranged inside the arc-shaped groove, a second motor for driving the semi-circular insert to rotate on the semi-circular fixed platform, and both the semi-circular fixed platform and the semi-circular insert include grooves that allow the upright to extend into them.

[0015] As an improvement: the fixed frame is equipped with a cylinder, the output end of the cylinder drives the transmission frame to slide back and forth on the fixed frame, the transmission frame is equipped with a motor and a threaded column, the motor drives the threaded column to rotate on the transmission frame, the transverse frame is equipped with a drive block, and the drive block is equipped with a threaded hole that mates with the threaded column.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows: The safety protection device for deep foundation pits at construction sites effectively solves the core problems of poor mobility and insufficient safety protection of existing equipment. Through the coordinated design of the uprights, protective mechanisms, and safety cage, it not only achieves stable lifting and lowering of the safety cage along the uprights, but also enables precise lateral movement between multiple uprights through a two-stage transmission system consisting of a fixed frame, a transmission frame, and a transverse frame, significantly expanding the operating range. Specifically: 1. Compared to the limitations of existing equipment that can only move vertically, this device constructs a two-stage transmission structure by using a cylinder to drive the transmission frame to slide back and forth and a motor to drive the transverse frame to slide left and right. This allows the safety cage to flexibly switch laterally between multiple uprights, and the working position can be adjusted without external auxiliary equipment, greatly improving work efficiency. 2. The device achieves the opening and closing of the clamping plate and stable guidance through the automatic cooperation of the limiting mechanism and the clamping pulley mechanism. Moreover, the overall power components rely on only a few devices such as cylinders and motors, which reduces the number of failure points, reduces the weight and maintenance costs of the equipment, and improves the continuity and stability of long-term operation. 3. The emergency braking mechanism and locking mechanism form a dual braking guarantee, which can quickly lock with the stiffening plate and stop the safety cage through the brake pad when it falls abnormally, significantly improving the reliability of protection. The overall structure is simplified and the number of power components is small, which reduces the probability of failure and fully meets the safety and efficiency requirements of deep foundation pit operations. 4. The emergency braking mechanism uses centrifugal force to trigger braking. When the speed of the drive wheel increases suddenly, it quickly pushes the brake pads to engage and stop the vehicle. At the same time, the locking mechanism can form a rigid locking with the stiffening plate on the upright. The dual braking avoids the single reliance of existing equipment on hoisting braking and effectively eliminates the risk of abnormal fall of the safety cage. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the usage state of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the protective mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing frame of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission frame of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse moving frame of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping pulley mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the limiting mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the emergency braking mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 13 This is an exploded view of the emergency braking mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 14 This is an exploded view of the transmission structure of the emergency braking mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the centrifugal insertion platform of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 16 This is an exploded view of the locking mechanism of the present invention.

[0033] As shown in the figure: 1. Upright pole; 2. Safety cage; 3. Protective mechanism; 4. Fixing frame; 5. Transmission frame; 6. Horizontal movement frame; 7. Clamping pulley mechanism; 8. Limiting mechanism; 9. Emergency braking mechanism; 10. Locking mechanism; 11. Mounting plate; 12. Rib plate; 21. Connecting frame; 22. Hook; 41. Cylinder; 42. Extending platform; 43. Extension rod; 44. Frame; 45. Slide rail one; 46. Slide groove one; 47. Mounting frame; 51. Motor one; 52. Threaded column; 53. Slide rail two; 54. Slide groove two; 55. Slide rail three; 61. Drive block; 62. Slide rail four; 71. Fixing platform; 72. Clamping plate; 73. Roller; 74. Guide. 75. Rod; 76. Guide slide; 87. Slide groove three; 88. Limiting plate; 811. Guide groove; 812. Slider; 813. Wing plate; 82. Follower stage; 821. Slide groove four; 822. Slide rod; 823. Spring one; 91. Fixed box; 92. Drive wheel; 921. Rotary wheel; 922. Centrifugal insertion stage; 923. Spring two; 93. Pressure plate; 931. Spring three; 94. Brake pad; 95. Ring wheel; 951. Slot; 952. Gear one; 96. Push rod; 961. Rack; 101. Semi-arc fixed stage; 102. Arc groove; 103. Motor two; 104. Gear two; 105. Semi-arc insertion stage; 106. Gear ring. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Combined with appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, a safety protection device for deep foundation pits at construction sites includes a safety cage 2, which is raised and lowered along the wall of the deep foundation pit by a hoisting device. It also includes a pole 1 and a protective mechanism 3. The pole 1 is provided with a plurality of mounting plates 11 fixed to the wall of the deep foundation pit and stiffening plates 12 connected to the mounting plates 11. The protective mechanism 3 is located on one side of the safety cage 2, enabling the safety cage 2 to move up and down along the pole 1 and to move laterally on the plurality of poles 1.

[0036] Combined with appendix Figure 3 and attached Figure 5As shown, the protective mechanism 3 includes a fixed frame 4, a transmission frame 5, and a transverse frame 6. The fixed frame 4 is connected to the safety cage 2. The safety cage 2 is provided with a connecting frame 21 that connects the fixed frame 4 and the safety cage 2. The connecting frame 21 is provided with a hook 22. An external winch drives the safety cage 2 and the protective mechanism 3 to move up and down through the hook 22. The transmission frame 5 is located between the fixed frame 4 and the transverse frame 6 and is slidably mounted on the fixed frame 4. The transverse frame 6 is slidably mounted on the transmission frame 5. The fixed frame 4 is provided with an extension platform 42. Both the extension platform 42 and the transverse frame 6 are provided with a clamping pulley mechanism 7 and a locking mechanism 10. The mounting frame 47 at the bottom of the fixed frame 4 is provided with an emergency braking mechanism 9. The clamping pulley mechanism 7 causes the protective mechanism 3 to move along the upright 1. The locking mechanism 10 keeps the fixed frame 4 and the transverse frame 6 at a distance from the upright 1 when locked. When the emergency braking mechanism 9 brakes, it engages with the stiffening plate 12 to prevent the safety cage 2 from falling.

[0037] The safety protection device for deep foundation pits at construction sites mainly solves the problems of the mobility and safety protection of the safety cage 2 during deep foundation pit operations. It can not only achieve stable lifting and lowering of the safety cage 2 along the foundation pit wall, but also allow it to move laterally between different uprights 1. At the same time, it provides reliable braking in case of emergencies to ensure the safety of workers.

[0038] Its working principle is as follows: The safety cage 2, as the load-bearing structure for the workers, is connected to the fixed frame 4 of the protective mechanism 3 through the connecting frame 21. The external winch provides lifting power through the hook 22 on the connecting frame 21, driving the safety cage 2 and the protective mechanism 3 to move as a whole. The clamping pulley mechanism 7 in the protective mechanism 3 is respectively set on the extended platform 42 of the fixed frame 4 and the transverse frame 6, and achieves the guiding function by clamping the uprights 1, ensuring that the safety cage 2 moves stably along the uprights 1. When it is necessary to move laterally between multiple uprights 1, the transmission frame 5 slides back and forth on the fixed frame 4 and the transverse frame 6 slides left and right on the transmission frame 5. The two mechanisms work together to adjust the lateral position of the safety cage 2. The locking mechanism 10 is in the unlocked state during normal operation and in the locked state when lateral movement or emergency braking is required. During lateral movement, it alternately maintains a reasonable distance between the fixed frame 4, the transverse frame 6 and the upright 1 to ensure smooth and stable movement. When the emergency braking mechanism 9 is activated, the locking mechanism 10 will quickly engage with the stiffening plate 12 on the upright 1. By utilizing the fixed connection between the stiffening plate 12 and the deep pit wall, a rigid constraint is formed, thereby immediately preventing the safety cage 2 from falling and achieving emergency braking, ensuring all-round operation safety.

[0039] Combined with appendix Figure 4 Appendix Figure 6 Appendix Figure 7 and attached Figure 8As shown, the fixed frame 4 is equipped with a cylinder 41. The output end of the cylinder 41 is connected to the transmission frame 5 and drives the transmission frame 5 to slide back and forth on the fixed frame 4. The fixed frame 4 is equipped with a front-to-back sliding groove 46. The transmission frame 5 is equipped with a slide rail 55 that cooperates with the sliding groove 46. The transmission frame 5 is equipped with a motor 51 and a threaded column 52. The motor 51 drives the threaded column 52 to rotate on the transmission frame 5. The transverse frame 6 is equipped with a driving block 61. The driving block 61 is equipped with a threaded hole that cooperates with the threaded column 52. The transmission frame 5 is equipped with a left-to-right sliding groove 54. The transverse frame 6 is equipped with a slide rail 62 that slides with the sliding groove 54.

[0040] The installation of the fixed frame 4, transmission frame 5 and transverse frame 6 mainly solves the problem of the accuracy and stability of the lateral movement of the safety cage 2 in deep foundation pit operations. Through the structured transmission cooperation, the safety cage 2 can be flexibly switched between different uprights 1, while ensuring reliable guidance during the movement process.

[0041] Its working principle is as follows: The fixed frame 4 serves as the basic load-bearing structure. The cylinder 41 provides power to drive the transmission frame 5 to move. When the output end of the cylinder 41 extends or retracts, the transmission frame 5 slides stably along the front-back direction of the fixed frame 4 by means of the sliding engagement between the slide rail 3 55 on it and the front-back sliding groove 1 46 on the fixed frame 4. After the motor 1 51 on the transmission frame 5 starts, it drives the threaded column 52 to rotate. Since the drive block 61 of the transverse frame 6 is provided with a threaded hole that engages with the threaded column 52, the rotational motion of the threaded column 52 is converted into the linear motion of the drive block 61. At the same time, the transverse frame 6 slides smoothly along the left-right direction of the transmission frame 5 by means of the sliding engagement between the slide rail 4 62 and the left-right sliding groove 2 54 on the transmission frame 5. The front-back sliding driven by the cylinder 41 and the left-right sliding driven by the motor 1 51 cooperate with each other. The fixed frame 4, the transmission frame 5 and the transverse frame 6 form a two-stage transmission structure, which together drive the safety cage 2 to complete the required lateral displacement adjustment and meet the operation requirements of lateral movement between multiple uprights 1.

[0042] Combined with appendix Figure 9 Appendix Figure 10 and attached Figure 11 As shown, the clamping pulley mechanism 7 includes a fixed platform 71, with clamping plates 72 hinged to both sides of the fixed platform 71. Rollers 73 that cooperate with the upright rod 1 are rotatably mounted on both the fixed platform 71 and the clamping plates 72. A guide rod 74 is provided on the clamping plate 72, and a guide slide 75 is provided on the guide rod 74. A limiting mechanism 8 that matches the clamping pulley mechanism 7 is provided on the fixed frame 4 and the transmission frame 5. The limiting mechanism 8 includes a limiting plate 81, which is slidably mounted on the matching fixed platform 71. An arc-shaped guide groove 811 that slides with the guide slide 75 is provided on the limiting plate 81.

[0043] Combined with appendix Figure 6 Appendix Figure 7 Appendix Figure 9 Appendix Figure 10 and attached Figure 11 As shown, the fixed frame 4 is provided with an extension rod 43 that passes through the gap between the transmission frame 5 and the transverse frame 6. The end of the extension rod 43 is provided with a frame 44 located between the upright 1 and the transverse frame 6. The limiting mechanism 8 also includes a follower platform 82 that cooperates with the limiting plate 81. The follower platform 82 is provided with a left-right sliding groove 821. The sliding groove 821 on the follower platform 82 that matches the pulley clamping mechanism 7 on the fixed frame 4 is slidably engaged with the slide rail 53 on the transmission frame 5. The sliding groove 821 on the follower platform 82 that matches the pulley clamping mechanism 7 on the transverse frame 6 is slidably engaged with the slide rail 45 on the frame 44. The fixed platform 71 is provided with a front-back sliding groove 76. The limiting plate 81 is provided with a slider 812 that is slidably engaged with the sliding groove 76.

[0044] Combined with appendix Figure 11 As shown, the limiting plate 81 is provided with a wing plate 813, and the follower table 82 is provided with a slide rod 822 that passes through the through hole in the wing plate 813. The slide rod 822 is provided with a spring 823 that is connected to the wing plate 813.

[0045] The clamping pulley mechanism 7 and the limiting mechanism 8 are mainly designed to solve the problem of stable clamping of the protective mechanism 3 when it moves along the upright 1, ensuring that the roller 73 is always in reliable contact with the upright 1 to ensure smooth movement. At the same time, they satisfy the relative movement of the fixed frame 4, the transmission frame 5 and the transverse frame 6 during the transverse movement of the protective mechanism 3, and automatically realize the opening and closing of the clamping plate 72.

[0046] Its working principle is as follows: In the clamping pulley mechanism 7, the fixed platform 71 serves as the base, and the clamping plates 72, which are hinged on both sides, contact the upright 1 through the rollers 73 on them, forming a surrounding clamping of the upright 1. This provides guidance for the protective mechanism 3 to move along the upright 1 and prevents the protective mechanism 3 from detaching from the upright 1 during the lifting and lowering process. The limiting mechanism 8 cooperates with the guide slide 75 of the clamping plate 72 through the limiting plate 81. When the limiting plate 81 slides back and forth on the slide groove 76 of the fixed platform 71, its arc-shaped guide groove 811 will drive the guide slide 75 to move along the trajectory of the guide groove 811, thereby driving the clamping plate 72 to rotate around the hinge point, realizing the automatic opening and closing of the clamping plate 72 in different states.

[0047] The follower stage 82 is connected to the slide rail 53 of the transmission frame 5 or the slide rail 45 of the frame 44 via the slide groove 821. Since the limiting plate 81 and the follower stage 82 are connected to the through hole of the wing plate 813 via the slide rod 822 and the slide groove 76 is connected to the slider 812, the follower stage 82 and the limiting plate 81 can only move forward and backward. Since the guide slide 75 is always in the guide groove 811, the left and right movement of the limiting plate 81 is restricted. There is no up and down movement between the fixed frame 4, the transmission frame 5 and the transverse frame 6. Therefore, when the fixed frame 4 and the transmission frame 5 move laterally, the limiting plate 81 and the follower stage 82 remain unchanged in the left and right position. The slide groove 821 on the follower stage 82 slides on the slide rail 53 or the slide rail 45.

[0048] During the lateral displacement of the protective mechanism 3, the cooperation process between the clamping pulley mechanism 7 and the limiting mechanism 8 is as follows: Figure 10 The state shown is that the clamping pulley mechanism 7 maintains the clamping action. When the transmission frame 5 and the transverse frame 6 move forward (towards the fixed frame 4), the fixed frame 4 is kept in a fixed position by the locking mechanism 10. The frame 44 and the follower table 82 on it remain in a fixed position. The guide slide 75 of the clamping pulley mechanism 7 on the transverse frame 6 moves along the trajectory of the guide groove 811, automatically opening the clamping plate 72 to avoid obstructing the transmission frame 5 and the transverse frame 6 from continuing to move forward. The limiting plate 81 has a tendency to move forward under the push of the reaction force. At this time, the limiting plate 81... The wing plate 813 at the bottom of the position plate 81 is blocked by the follower stage 82, and the position of the limiting plate 81 remains unchanged, ensuring that the clamping plate 72 can be fully opened. At the same time, the position of the clamping pulley mechanism 7 on the fixed frame 4 remains unchanged, and the follower stage 82 of the corresponding limiting mechanism 8 moves forward with the transmission frame 5 under the pull of the slide rail 53. The guide slide 75 is at the end of the guide groove 811, so that the limiting plate 81 cannot move with the follower stage 82 and remains in the same position. At this time, the relative movement of the limiting plate 81 and the follower stage 82 compresses the spring 823.

[0049] When the transverse frame 6 moves laterally on the transmission frame 5, causing the clamping pulley mechanism 7 on the transverse frame 6 to move to the next upright position, the guide slide 75 and the guide groove 811 limit the left and right directions, and the limiting plate 81 corresponding to the clamping pulley mechanism 7 on the transverse frame 6 moves with the transverse frame 6. The corresponding follower table 82 moves laterally on the frame 44, while the clamping pulley mechanism 7 and the limiting mechanism 8 on the fixed frame 4 remain in unchanged positions.

[0050] After the clamping pulley mechanism 7 on the transverse frame 6 reaches its position, the transverse frame 6 and the transmission frame 5 move backward to reset, the limiting plate 81 and the follower table 82 on the fixed frame 4 reset, and the spring 823 resets. During the reset process, the guide slide 75 of the clamping pulley mechanism 7 on the transverse frame 6 moves along the trajectory of the guide groove 811. As the fixed table 71 approaches the upright 1, the clamping plate 72 gradually closes. During this process, the spring 823 pushes on the wing plate 813 to prevent the limiting plate 81 from moving backward.

[0051] The above process completes the first stage of the transverse movement. In the second stage, the locking mechanism 10 on the transverse frame 6 is in the locked state, and the locking mechanism 10 on the fixed frame 4 is in the unlocked state. Under the push of the cylinder 41, the fixed frame 4 moves forward (away from the direction of the upright 1). During this process, the limiting mechanism 8 corresponding to the clamping pulley mechanism 7 on the fixed frame 4 moves in the opposite direction to the limiting mechanism 8 corresponding to the clamping pulley mechanism 7 on the transverse frame 6. After the fixed frame 4 has moved, under the drive of the threaded column 52, the transverse frame 6 pulls the transmission frame 5 and the fixed frame 4 to move laterally, so that the relative positions of the fixed frame 4, the transmission frame 5 and the transverse frame 6 in the left and right directions return to the initial state. Then the fixed frame 4 moves backward, so that the clamping pulley mechanism 7 on the fixed frame 4 completes the clamping of the upright 1, and the overall transverse movement is completed.

[0052] The above process achieves the relative movement between the fixed frame 4, the transmission frame 5, and the transverse frame 6, the clamping of the pulley mechanism 7 at different positions, and the automatic opening of the fixed frame 4, the transmission frame 5, and the transverse frame 6 through the locking operation of the cylinder 41, the motor 51, and the locking mechanism 10. This effectively reduces the number of powered workpieces, the weight of the protective mechanism 3, and the probability of power damage, and improves the safety and durability of the protective mechanism 3.

[0053] Combined with appendix Figure 12 and attached Figure 13 As shown, the emergency braking mechanism 9 includes a fixed box 91 connected to the fixed frame 4. A drive wheel 92 that cooperates with the upright 1 is rotatably provided inside the fixed box 91. Pressure plates 93 are hinged to both sides of the drive wheel 92 at the front end of the fixed box 91. A spring 931 connected to the fixed box 91 is provided on the rear side of the pressure plate 93. A brake pad 94 is provided on the pressure plate 93. A push rod 96 is slidably provided inside the fixed box 91. The end of the push rod 96 pushes the pressure plate 93 to rotate. The fixed box 91 is provided with a transmission structure that converts the torque of the drive wheel 92 into the thrust of the push rod 96.

[0054] Combined with appendix Figure 13 Appendix Figure 14 and attached Figure 15As shown, the transmission structure includes a ring wheel 95, and rotating wheels 921 are provided on both sides of the drive wheel 92. A centrifugal insertion platform 922 connected by a spring 923 is provided in the groove on the outer side of the rotating wheel 921. The rotating wheel 921 is located inside the ring wheel 95. A slot 951 that mates with the centrifugal insertion platform 922 is provided on the inner side of the ring wheel 95. A gear 952 is coaxially connected to one side of the ring wheel 95. A rack 961 that meshes with the gear 952 is provided at the bottom of the push rod 96.

[0055] The emergency braking mechanism 9 is designed to address the issue of rapid braking of the safety cage 2 in emergency situations such as sudden falls during deep foundation pit operations. By converting the abnormal rotation speed of the drive wheel 92 into braking power, it enables the immediate stopping of the safety cage 2 and prevents accidents from occurring.

[0056] Its working principle is as follows: The emergency braking mechanism 9 is mounted on the fixed box 91. The drive wheel 92 cooperates with the upright 1 and rotates synchronously with the rise and fall of the safety cage. Under normal conditions, the rotating wheel 921 rotates smoothly with the drive wheel 92. The centrifugal insertion platform 922 retracts into the groove of the rotating wheel 921 under the tension of the second spring 923 and does not cooperate with the slot 951 of the ring wheel 95. The ring wheel 95 remains stationary, the push rod 96 does not move, the pressure plate 93 is in the initial position under the action of the third spring 931, and the brake pad 94 is separated from the drive wheel 92, without producing a braking effect. When the safety cage 2 falls abnormally, causing the speed of the drive wheel 92 to increase suddenly, the centrifugal force of the rotating wheel 921 increases, making... Centrifugal insertion platform 922 extends outward against the tension of spring 923 and inserts into slot 951 inside ring wheel 95, causing ring wheel 95 to rotate synchronously; gear 952 on one side of ring wheel 95 rotates accordingly, and through meshing with rack 961 at the bottom of push rod 96, the rotational motion is converted into linear sliding of push rod 96. The end of push rod 96 pushes pressure plates 93 on both sides to rotate around the hinge point, stretching spring 931, so that brake pad 94 on pressure plate 93 tightly adheres to drive wheel 92, generating strong friction to prevent drive wheel 92 from rotating. At the same time, in conjunction with the locking mechanism 10 and the locking action of stiffener 12, the safety cage 2 is braked in an emergency to prevent it from falling further.

[0057] When the brake pad 94 just touches the upright 1, the push rod 96 stops moving forward, causing the gear 952 and the ring wheel 95 to stop rotating. At this time, the safety cage 2 is still in the falling state, and the drive wheel 92 is still accelerating. At this time, the inclined surface at the top of the centrifugal insertion platform 922 slides into the inclined surface of the slot 951, and the centrifugal insertion platform 922 temporarily leaves the slot 951. Under the action of centrifugal force, the centrifugal insertion platform 922 inserts into the next slot 951. This process is repeated, so that the ring wheel 95 maintains the rotation trend, thereby causing the push rod 96 to continuously apply a pushing force to the pressure plate 93, thereby maintaining the contact between the brake pad 94 and the upright 1.

[0058] A cylinder can be added to the mounting bracket 47, with the output end connected to a push rod. The end of the push rod abuts against the tail end of the push rod 96. During emergency braking, when the push rod 96 leaves the push rod, the cylinder actively pushes the push rod 96 forward through the push rod, providing auxiliary support force for the push rod 96. By providing stable support to the push rod 96, the brake pad 94 is always attached to the upright 1.

[0059] Combined with appendix Figure 2 and attached Figure 16 As shown, the locking mechanism 10 includes a semi-circular fixed platform 101, an arc-shaped groove 102 is provided in the semi-circular fixed platform 101, a semi-circular insert 105 is rotatably provided in the arc-shaped groove 102, a second motor 103 is provided on the semi-circular fixed platform 101, a second gear 104 is provided at the output end of the second motor 103, and a gear ring 106 that meshes with the second gear 104 is provided on the semi-circular insert 105. Both the semi-circular fixed platform 101 and the semi-circular insert 105 include grooves that allow the upright 1 to extend into.

[0060] The locking mechanism 10 is mainly designed to ensure that the fixed frame 4 or the transverse frame 6 maintains a stable distance from the upright 1 when the safety cage 2 moves laterally, and to quickly lock into place with the stiffening plate 12 to achieve braking in an emergency. Through the rotational cooperation of the structure, it can ensure smooth movement and provide reliable locking in case of emergencies.

[0061] Its working principle is as follows: The locking mechanism 10 is based on the semi-circular fixed platform 101, which, together with the groove on the semi-circular insert platform 105, forms a space that allows the upright 1 to pass through. Under normal conditions, the semi-circular insert platform 105 is hidden in the arc-shaped groove 102, and the grooves on the semi-circular fixed platform 101 and the semi-circular insert platform 105 overlap to form a space sufficient to accommodate the upright 1 to pass through. At the same time, when the safety cage 2 moves up and down, the stiffener passes through the groove to ensure that the safety cage 2 moves along the upright 1 without obstruction. When the locking mechanism 10 needs to be locked, the motor 103 drives the gear 104 to rotate the semi-circular insert platform 105 in the arc-shaped groove 102, so that one end of the semi-circular insert platform 105 extends out of the arc. The cage 102 re-enters the arc-shaped groove 102 through the groove. At this time, the grooves of the semi-arc fixed platform 101 and the semi-arc insertion platform 105 are misaligned, forming a complete ring. This restricts the movement of the fixed frame 4 or the transverse frame 6. In the event of emergency braking, the falling speed of the safety cage 2 is reduced by the emergency braking mechanism 9, which reduces the impact force of the safety cage 2. Subsequently, the semi-arc insertion platform 105 of the locking mechanism 10 forms a locking engagement with the stiffening plate 12 on the upright 1. By using the fixed connection between the stiffening plate 12 and the deep pit wall, the locking mechanism 10 and the upright 1 are firmly locked, thereby preventing the safety cage 2 from falling further. This, together with the emergency braking mechanism 9, achieves double braking protection.

[0062] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety protection device for deep foundation pits at construction sites, comprising a safety cage (2), wherein the safety cage (2) is raised and lowered along the wall of the deep foundation pit by a hoisting device, characterized in that: It also includes uprights (1) and protective mechanisms (3). The uprights (1) are provided with multiple mounting plates (11) fixed to the walls of the deep foundation pit and stiffening plates (12) connected to the mounting plates (11). The protective mechanism (3) is located on one side of the safety cage (2) so that the safety cage (2) can move up and down along the uprights (1) and move laterally on multiple uprights (1). The protective mechanism (3) includes a fixed frame (4), a transmission frame (5) and a transverse frame (6). The fixed frame (4) is connected to the safety cage (2). The transmission frame (5) is located between the fixed frame (4) and the transverse frame (6) and slides back and forth on the fixed frame (4). The transverse frame (6) slides left and right on the transmission frame (5). The fixed frame (4) and the transverse frame (6) are equipped with a clamping pulley mechanism (7) and a locking mechanism (10). The bottom of the fixed frame (4) is equipped with an emergency braking mechanism (9). The clamping pulley mechanism (7) makes the protective mechanism (3) move along the upright (1). The locking mechanism (10) keeps the fixed frame (4) and the transverse frame (6) at a distance from the upright (1) when locked. When the emergency braking mechanism (9) brakes, it locks with the stiffener (12) to prevent the safety cage (2) from falling.

2. The safety protection device for deep foundation pits at construction sites according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping pulley mechanism (7) includes a fixed platform (71), with clamping plates (72) hinged on both sides of the fixed platform (71), and rollers (73) that cooperate with the upright (1) are rotatably provided on both the fixed platform (71) and the clamping plates (72).

3. A safety protection device for deep foundation pits at construction sites according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping plate (72) is provided with a guide rod (74), the guide rod (74) is provided with a guide slide (75), the fixed frame (4) and the transmission frame (5) are provided with a limiting mechanism (8) that matches the clamping pulley mechanism (7), the limiting mechanism (8) includes a limiting plate (81), the limiting plate (81) is slidably disposed on the matching fixed platform (71), and the limiting plate (81) is provided with a guide groove (811) that slides with the guide slide (75).

4. A safety protection device for deep foundation pits at construction sites according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixed frame (4) is provided with an extension rod (43) that passes through the gap between the transmission frame (5) and the transverse frame (6). The end of the extension rod (43) is provided with a frame (44) located between the upright (1) and the transverse frame (6). The limiting mechanism (8) also includes a follower platform (82) that cooperates with the limiting plate (81). The follower platform (82) that matches the pulley mechanism (7) on the fixed frame (4) is slidably mounted on the transmission frame (5). The follower platform (82) that matches the pulley mechanism (7) on the transverse frame (6) is slidably mounted on the frame (44).

5. A safety protection device for deep foundation pits at construction sites according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting plate (81) is provided with a wing plate (813), and the follower table (82) is provided with a slide rod (822) that passes through the through hole in the wing plate (813). The slide rod (822) is provided with a spring (823) that is connected to the wing plate (813).

6. A safety protection device for deep foundation pits at construction sites according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emergency braking mechanism (9) includes a fixed box (91) connected to the fixed frame (4). A drive wheel (92) that cooperates with the upright (1) is rotatably provided inside the fixed box (91). A pressure plate (93) is hinged to both sides of the drive wheel (92) at the front end of the fixed box (91). A spring three (931) connected to the fixed box (91) is provided on the rear side of the pressure plate (93). A brake pad (94) is provided on the pressure plate (93). A push rod (96) is slidably provided inside the fixed box (91). The end of the push rod (96) pushes the pressure plate (93) to rotate. A transmission structure is provided inside the fixed box (91) to convert the torque of the drive wheel (92) into the thrust of the push rod (96).

7. A safety protection device for deep foundation pits at construction sites according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission structure includes a ring wheel (95), a drive wheel (92) with rotating wheels (921) on both sides, a centrifugal insert (922) connected by a spring (923) in the groove on the outer side of the rotating wheel (921), the rotating wheel (921) is located inside the ring wheel (95), the inner side of the ring wheel (95) is provided with a slot (951) that cooperates with the centrifugal insert (922), a gear (952) is coaxially connected to one side of the ring wheel (95), and a rack (961) that meshes with the gear (952) is provided at the bottom of the push rod (96).

8. A safety protection device for deep foundation pits at construction sites according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (10) includes a semi-circular fixed platform (101), an arc groove (102) is provided in the semi-circular fixed platform (101), a semi-circular insert (105) is rotatably provided in the arc groove (102), and a motor (103) is provided on the semi-circular fixed platform (101) to drive the semi-circular insert (105) to rotate. Both the semi-circular fixed platform (101) and the semi-circular insert (105) include grooves that allow the upright (1) to extend into.

9. A safety protection device for deep foundation pits at construction sites according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed frame (4) is equipped with a cylinder (41). The output end of the cylinder (41) drives the transmission frame (5) to slide back and forth on the fixed frame (4). The transmission frame (5) is equipped with a motor (51) and a threaded column (52). The motor (51) drives the threaded column (52) to rotate on the transmission frame (5). The transverse frame (6) is equipped with a drive block (61). The drive block (61) is equipped with a threaded hole that mates with the threaded column (52).

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