A nickel-based alloy clad plate and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a nickel-based alloy composite plate and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of nickel-based alloys. The nickel-based alloy composite plate comprises a stainless steel bottom plate and a nickel-based alloy plate. The nickel-based alloy plate comprises, by weight, 52-58 parts of nickel powder, 17-21 parts of molybdenum powder, 8-12 parts of copper powder, 7-9 parts of boron powder, 2-3 parts of modified hafnium carbide powder, 4-7 parts of alloy reinforcing agent and 2-3 parts of fluxing agent. The modified hafnium carbide prepared from hafnium oxide and nano carbon powder successfully replaces the high-cost metal hafnium in the traditional process. Meanwhile, the actual adding proportion of the modified hafnium carbide in the nickel-based alloy plate is greatly reduced, the cost of industrialized mass production is double-compressed from the aspects of raw material selection and dosage control, and the economic requirement of large-scale production is better met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of nickel-based alloys, in particular to a nickel-based alloy composite plate and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Nickel-based alloys are widely used in high-end fields such as aerospace, petrochemical industry, integrated circuits, etc. due to their excellent mechanical properties, high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. Traditional nickel-based alloys usually add elements such as molybdenum, copper and boron to improve performance, and hafnium (Hf) is often introduced into the alloy system to further improve the high-temperature stability and strength of the alloy due to its high melting point of about 2227℃ and strong oxidation resistance.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent CN119530614A discloses a nickel-based alloy composite plate and a preparation method thereof, which includes 35-45 parts of nickel powder, 10-15 parts of molybdenum powder, 5-10 parts of copper powder, 5-10 parts of boron powder and 3-5 parts of hafnium powder. However, hafnium is not only scarce in resources but also expensive, and its high addition amount directly leads to a significant increase in the cost of nickel-based alloys.

[0004] Therefore, the skilled in the art is committed to developing a nickel-based alloy composite plate and a preparation method thereof. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is:

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a nickel-based alloy composite plate, which comprises a stainless steel bottom plate and a nickel-based alloy plate, wherein the nickel-based alloy plate comprises the following components by weight:

[0007] 52-58 parts of nickel powder, 17-21 parts of molybdenum powder, 8-12 parts of copper powder, 7-9 parts of boron powder, 2-3 parts of modified hafnium carbide powder, 4-7 parts of alloy enhancer and 2-3 parts of flux.

[0008] A preparation method of the nickel-based alloy composite plate, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1. Preparation of modified hafnium carbide;

[0010] Pretreatment: mix hafnium oxide powder with nano-carbon powder, add nickel powder, and then ball mill the mixture under argon atmosphere to obtain mixed powder B;

[0011] Pressure heat treatment: heat the mixed powder B to 1500-1800℃, pressurize to 30-50MPa by H2 / Ar mixed gas with a volume ratio of 4:96 and keep warm, then air cool after furnace cooling, grind, crush and sieve to obtain a precursor powder;

[0012] Post-processing: the precursor powder is completely immersed in a mixed solution of HCl+HF, ultrasonic treatment is performed to remove surface oxides, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried to obtain modified hafnium carbide powder;

[0013] S2. The nickel powder, molybdenum powder, copper powder, boron powder, modified hafnium carbide powder and alloy reinforcing agent are mixed and ball milled to obtain a mixed powder C which is passed through a 200 mesh screen;

[0014] S3. The smelting furnace is preheated to 180℃ under an argon atmosphere, the mixed powder C and fluxing agent are added to the smelting furnace, the temperature is raised to 1200-1250℃ and kept, the temperature is continuously raised to 1600-1680℃ and kept, the temperature is raised to 1820-1850℃ and kept, and the mixed melt is quickly poured into a preheated mold to obtain the nickel-based alloy plate;

[0015] S4. The 304 stainless steel bottom plate and the nickel-based alloy plate after cleaning, polishing and passivation treatment are combined by laser welding technology, and the nickel-based alloy composite plate is obtained after cutting and polishing.

[0016] In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the pretreatment step S1 is specifically: mixing hafnium oxide powder and nano-carbon powder in a molar ratio of 1:1.1-1.3, adding 5-10% of nickel powder based on the total amount of reactants, mixing and then ball milling under an argon atmosphere for 8-10h at a speed of 300-400r / min, and a ball-to-material ratio of 13-15:1 to obtain a mixed powder B.

[0017] In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the pressure heat treatment step S1 is specifically: heating the mixed powder B to 1500-1800℃ at a rate of 10-15℃ / min, holding at the final temperature for 20-30min, then pressurizing to 30-50MPa by H2 / Ar mixed gas with a volume ratio of 4:96, holding for 50-60min, air cooling to 60-80℃ after furnace cooling to 200℃, and grinding and crushing to pass through a 180-200 mesh screen to obtain a precursor powder.

[0018] In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the post-processing step S1 is specifically: completely immersing the precursor powder in a mixed solution of 4-5% HCl+2-3% HF, ultrasonic treatment for 10-15min, removing surface oxides, washing with deionized water until neutral, drying at 40℃ for 8h to remove water, and obtaining modified hafnium carbide powder.

[0019] In the preferable embodiment of the present application, the S3 is specifically: preheating the smelting furnace to 180℃ under argon atmosphere, adding the mixed powder C and flux into the smelting furnace, increasing the temperature to 1200-1250℃ at a speed of 10-12℃ / min and keeping for 15min, continuously increasing the temperature to 1600-1680℃ at a speed of 5-8℃ / min and keeping for 20min, increasing the temperature to 1820-1850℃ at a speed of 2-4℃ / min and keeping for 30min, and rapidly pouring the mixed melt into a mold preheated to 150℃ to obtain the nickel-based alloy plate.

[0020] In the preferable embodiment of the present application, the flux is a mixture of sodium fluoride and potassium fluoride with a molar ratio of 1.2-1.5:1.

[0021] The device or method provided by the present application has the following technical effects:

[0022] 1. The modified hafnium carbide prepared from hafnium oxide and nano-carbon powder successfully replaces the expensive metal hafnium in the traditional process; at the same time, the actual addition ratio of the modified hafnium carbide in the nickel-based alloy plate is greatly reduced, which double-compresses the cost of industrial production from the aspects of raw material selection and dosage control, and is more in line with the economic requirements of large-scale production.

[0023] 2. After introducing the modified hafnium carbide into the nickel-based alloy plate, the product hardness and high-temperature resistance are also unexpectedly improved synchronously, breaking the common dilemma of "cost reduction easily accompanied by performance compromise" in production. In addition, the optimization measures for the original process, such as adding passivation treatment in the key process and adopting gradient temperature rising smelting method, not only can be easily integrated into the existing production line without the need for substantial equipment modification, but also can further enhance the hardness and high-temperature resistance of the nickel-based alloy composite plate, providing reliable process support for the stable application of the product under high-temperature working conditions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with specific examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the disclosure of the present specification. The present application can also be implemented or applied in other different specific embodiments, and various modifications or changes can be made to the details in the specification without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that the following examples and features in the examples can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0025] Example 1: The present embodiment provides a preparation method of an alloy reinforcing agent, comprising the following steps:

[0026] 10 parts by weight of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate was added to 54 parts by weight of deionized water, ultrasonic stirring at 60°C for 30 min, 8 parts by weight of nano-alumina was added, and stirring was continued for 3h, filtration and drying in a 100°C vacuum drying oven for 6h, to obtain powder A; powder A was placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 830°C for 1.5h, then placed in a ball mill jar and added with hard steel balls, the ball-to-material ratio was controlled to be 10:1, filled with high-purity argon, and ball milled on a planetary ball mill for 30 min, and then sieved through a 500-mesh sieve to obtain the alloy reinforcing agent (selected from the above method in Chinese patent CN119530614A).

[0027] Example 2: The present example provides a nickel-based alloy composite plate, comprising a stainless steel base plate and a nickel-based alloy plate, the nickel-based alloy plate comprising the following components by weight parts:

[0028] 56 parts of nickel powder, 19 parts of molybdenum powder, 9 parts of copper powder, 8 parts of boron powder, 2 parts of modified hafnium carbide powder, 5 parts of alloy reinforcing agent, and 3 parts of fluxing agent.

[0029] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0030] S1. Preparation of modified hafnium carbide;

[0031] Pre-treatment: Mix hafnium oxide powder with nano-carbon powder at a molar ratio of 1:1.2, add 8% of the total amount of nickel powder, mix and ball mill under argon atmosphere for 10h at a speed of 360r / min, and the ball-to-material ratio is 14:1, to obtain mixed powder B;

[0032] Pressure heat treatment: heat the mixed powder B to 1700°C at a rate of 12°C / min, after constant temperature for 25 min at the terminal temperature, pressurize to 42MPa by H2 / Ar mixed gas (volume ratio of H2 and Ar is 4:96), keep for 57 min, after furnace cooling to 200°C, air cooling to 77°C, grinding and crushing through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a precursor powder;

[0033] Post-treatment: immerse the precursor powder in a mixed solution of 5% HCl + 2% HF, ultrasonic treatment for 13 min, remove the surface oxides, wash with deionized water until neutral, and dry at 40°C for 8h to remove water, to obtain modified hafnium carbide powder;

[0034] S2. Mix the nickel powder, molybdenum powder, copper powder, boron powder, modified hafnium carbide powder and alloy reinforcing agent and place them in a ball mill for ball milling under argon atmosphere for 17h, the ball-to-material ratio is 8:1, the ball milling speed is 380r / min, the ball milling mode is 30 min of ball milling and 10 min of intermittent, and then sieve through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder C;

[0035] S3. Preheat the smelting furnace to 180℃ under argon atmosphere, put the mixed powder C and flux (a mixture of sodium fluoride and potassium fluoride with a molar ratio of 1.4:1) into the smelting furnace together, increase the temperature to 1220℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min and keep for 15min, continue to increase the temperature to 1630℃ at a rate of 6℃ / min and keep for 20min, finally increase the temperature to 1840℃ at a rate of 3℃ / min and keep for 30min, quickly pour the mixed melt into a mold preheated to 150℃, to obtain the nickel-based alloy plate;

[0036] S4. Clean the surfaces to be combined of the 304 stainless steel base plate and the nickel-based alloy plate with anhydrous ethanol, polish them with 240-mesh, 600-mesh and 1000-mesh sandpaper at a 45° cross (to eliminate one-way scratches) to a roughness of 2μm, and after polishing, perform passivation treatment with a 5% nitric acid + 2% hydrofluoric acid solution (25℃, 2min) to remove the surface oxide layer, to obtain the pretreated 304 stainless steel base plate and the nickel-based alloy plate; combine the pretreated 304 stainless steel base plate and the nickel-based alloy plate using laser welding technology, with a laser beam spot diameter of 0.2mm, a pulse frequency of 30Hz, a voltage of 100V, and a welding speed of 12mm / s, and after cutting and polishing, obtain the nickel-based alloy composite plate.

[0037] Example 3: This example provides a nickel-based alloy composite plate, which comprises a stainless steel base plate and a nickel-based alloy plate, and the nickel-based alloy plate comprises the following components by weight:

[0038] 58 parts of nickel powder, 21 parts of molybdenum powder, 12 parts of copper powder, 9 parts of boron powder, 3 parts of modified hafnium carbide powder, 7 parts of alloy reinforcing agent, and 3 parts of flux.

[0039] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0040] S1. Prepare modified hafnium carbide;

[0041] Pre-treatment: Mix hafnium oxide powder and nano-carbon powder in a molar ratio of 1:1.3, add 10% of the total amount of nickel powder, mix, and then ball mill under argon atmosphere for 10h at a speed of 400r / min and a ball-to-material ratio of 15:1 to obtain mixed powder B;

[0042] Pressure heat treatment: increase the temperature of the mixed powder B to 1800℃ at a rate of 15℃ / min, after constant temperature at the terminal temperature for 30min, pressurize to 50MPa by H2 / Ar mixed gas (volume ratio of H2 to Ar is 4:96), keep for 60min, cool to 200℃ in the furnace, and then air cool to 80℃, grind and crush to pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a precursor powder;

[0043] Post-processing: the precursor powder is completely immersed in a mixed solution of 5% HCl + 3% HF, ultrasonic treatment for 15 min, removal of surface oxides, washing with deionized water to neutral, drying at 40℃ for 8h to remove water, to obtain modified hafnium carbide powder;

[0044] S2. Mix the nickel powder, molybdenum powder, copper powder, boron powder, modified hafnium carbide powder and alloy enhancer and place them in a ball mill under an argon atmosphere for 18h, the ball-to-material ratio is 8:1, the ball milling speed is 400r / min, the ball milling mode is 30min of ball milling and 10min of intermittent, and the mixture is sieved through a 200 mesh sieve to obtain a mixed powder C;

[0045] S3. Preheat the smelting furnace to 180℃ under an argon atmosphere, add the mixed powder C and flux (a mixture of sodium fluoride and potassium fluoride in a molar ratio of 1.5:1) into the smelting furnace, increase the temperature to 1250℃ at a rate of 12℃ / min and maintain for 15min, continue to increase the temperature to 1680℃ at a rate of 8℃ / min and maintain for 20min, and finally increase the temperature to 1850℃ at a rate of 4℃ / min and maintain for 30min, quickly pour the mixed melt into a mold preheated to 150℃ to obtain the nickel-based alloy plate;

[0046] S4. Clean the surfaces to be bonded of the 304 stainless steel base plate and the nickel-based alloy plate with anhydrous ethanol, polish them with 240 mesh, 600 mesh and 1000 mesh sandpaper at a 45° cross angle (to eliminate one-way scratches) to a roughness of 2μm, and then passivate the surfaces with a 5% nitric acid + 2% hydrofluoric acid solution (25℃, 2min) to remove the surface oxide layer to obtain the pretreated 304 stainless steel base plate and the nickel-based alloy plate; combine the pretreated 304 stainless steel base plate and the nickel-based alloy plate using laser welding technology, with a laser beam spot diameter of 0.2mm, a pulse frequency of 30Hz, a voltage of 100V, and a welding speed of 12mm / s, and then cut and polish to obtain the nickel-based alloy composite plate.

[0047] Example 4: The present embodiment provides a nickel-based alloy composite plate, which comprises a stainless steel base plate and a nickel-based alloy plate, the nickel-based alloy plate comprising the following components by weight:

[0048] 52 parts of nickel powder, 17 parts of molybdenum powder, 8 parts of copper powder, 7 parts of boron powder, 2 parts of modified hafnium carbide powder, 4 parts of alloy enhancer, and 2 parts of flux.

[0049] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0050] S1. Prepare modified hafnium carbide;

[0051] Preprocessing: the hafnium oxide powder and the nano-carbon powder were mixed in a molar ratio of 1:1.1, 5% of the total amount of the reactants was added as nickel powder, and after mixing, the mixture was ball milled under an argon atmosphere for 8 h at a speed of 300 r / min, with a ball-to-material ratio of 13:1, to obtain a mixed powder B;

[0052] Pressure heat treatment: the mixed powder B was heated to 1500℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min, after constant temperature for 20 min at the terminal temperature, the pressure was increased to 30 MPa by H2 / Ar mixed gas (volume ratio of H2 and Ar was 4:96), and the temperature was kept for 50 min. After the furnace was cooled to 200℃, it was air-cooled to 60℃, and then ground and crushed to pass through a 180 mesh sieve to obtain a precursor powder;

[0053] Post-processing: the precursor powder was completely immersed in a mixed solution of 4% HCl+2% HF, ultrasonic treated for 10 min, the surface oxide was removed, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried at 40℃ for 8h to remove water, to obtain a modified hafnium carbide powder;

[0054] S2. The nickel powder, molybdenum powder, copper powder, boron powder, modified hafnium carbide powder and alloy reinforcing agent were mixed and placed in a ball mill for ball milling under an argon atmosphere for 16 h, with a ball-to-material ratio of 8:1, a ball milling speed of 300 r / min, and a ball milling mode of 30 min of ball milling and 10 min of intermittent, to obtain a mixed powder C which was sieved to pass through a 200 mesh sieve;

[0055] S3. The smelting furnace was preheated to 180℃ under an argon atmosphere, the mixed powder C and fluxing agent (a mixture of sodium fluoride and potassium fluoride in a molar ratio of 1.2:1) were added together into the smelting furnace, the temperature was increased to 1200℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min and kept for 15 min, then the temperature was increased to 1600℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min and kept for 20 min, finally the temperature was increased to 1820℃ at a rate of 2℃ / min and kept for 30 min, and the mixed melt was quickly poured into a mold preheated to 150℃ to obtain the nickel-based alloy plate;

[0056] S4. The surfaces to be bonded of the 304 stainless steel base plate and the nickel-based alloy plate were cleaned with anhydrous ethanol, and were polished with 240 mesh, 600 mesh and 1000 mesh sandpaper at a 45° cross angle (to eliminate one-way scratches) to a roughness of 2μm. After polishing, a passivation treatment was performed with a 5% nitric acid+2% hydrofluoric acid solution (25℃, 2 min) to remove the surface oxide layer, to obtain the pretreated 304 stainless steel base plate and the nickel-based alloy plate. The pretreated 304 stainless steel base plate and the nickel-based alloy plate were combined using laser welding technology, with a laser beam spot diameter of 0.2 mm, a pulse frequency of 30 Hz, a voltage of 100 V, and a welding speed of 12 mm / s. After cutting and polishing, the nickel-based alloy composite plate was obtained.

[0057] Comparative Example 1: The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that no gradient heating is adopted in S3, but heating is always carried out at a speed of 15℃ / min.

[0058] Comparative Example 2: The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that S1 is not carried out, but a commercially available hafnium carbide powder (purchased from Qinghe County Xingxin New Material Technology Co., Ltd.) is directly selected.

[0059] Comparative Example 3: The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that no passivation treatment is carried out in S3.

[0060] Comparative Example 4: The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that a commercially available hafnium carbide powder is directly selected, and heating is always carried out at a speed of 15℃ / min in S3.

[0061] Control Example: Example 1 of Chinese Patent CN119530614A is selected.

[0062] Experimental Example: The hardness of the nickel-based alloy composite plates prepared in Examples 2-4 and Comparative Examples and the Control Example is detected (at 25℃ normal temperature and 650℃) according to “GB / T 7997-2014 Hard Metal Vickers Hardness Test Method”.

[0063] The results are shown in the following table:

[0064]

[0065] As can be seen from the above table, the modified hafnium carbide prepared by the present application using hafnium oxide and nano-carbon powder replaces the expensive hafnium, and the addition amount of the modified hafnium carbide in the nickel-based alloy plate is significantly reduced, further reducing the cost; while reducing the cost, by adding the modified hafnium carbide to the nickel-based alloy plate, the hardness and high temperature resistance of the nickel-based alloy composite plate are unexpectedly improved, and through optimization of the original process (such as passivation treatment and gradient heating smelting), the hardness and high temperature resistance of the nickel-based alloy composite plate are also improved to different degrees.

[0066] The above examples are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above examples without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical thought disclosed by the present application should be covered by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A nickel-based alloy clad plate comprising a stainless steel base plate and a nickel-based alloy plate, characterized by, The nickel-based alloy plate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 52-58 parts of nickel powder, 17-21 parts of molybdenum powder, 8-12 parts of copper powder, 7-9 parts of boron powder, 2-3 parts of modified hafnium carbide powder, 4-7 parts of alloy reinforcing agent, and 2-3 parts of fluxing agent; The modified hafnium carbide powder is prepared by the following method: Pre-treatment: Mix hafnium oxide powder with nano-carbon powder, add nickel powder, and mix. Then ball mill under argon atmosphere to obtain mixed powder B; Pressure heat treatment: Heat mixed powder B to 1500-1800℃, pressurize to 30-50MPa by H2 / Ar mixed gas with a volume ratio of 4:96, and keep warm. After furnace cooling and air cooling, grind and crush to obtain precursor powder; Post-treatment: Completely immerse the precursor powder in a mixed solution of HCl+HF, remove surface oxides by ultrasonic treatment, wash with deionized water until neutral, and dry to obtain modified hafnium carbide powder; The pre-treatment step of the modified hafnium carbide powder is specifically: Mix hafnium oxide powder with nano-carbon powder at a molar ratio of 1:1.1-1.3, add 5-10% of the total amount of nickel powder, mix, and then ball mill under argon atmosphere for 8-10h at a speed of 300-400r / min with a ball-to-material ratio of 13-15:1 to obtain mixed powder B; The preparation method of the alloy reinforcing agent is: Add 10 parts by weight of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate to 54 parts by weight of deionized water, ultrasonically stir at 60℃ for 30min, add 8 parts by weight of nano-aluminum oxide, continue to stir for 3h, filter and dry in a 100℃ vacuum drying oven for 6h to obtain powder A; Place powder A in a muffle furnace and calcine at 830℃ for 1.5h, then place it in a ball mill tank and add hard steel balls, control the ball-to-material ratio to 10:1, fill with high-purity argon, and then ball mill on a planetary ball mill for 30min. Screen through a 500-mesh screen to obtain the alloy reinforcing agent; The preparation method of the nickel-based alloy composite plate comprises the following steps: S1. Mix nickel powder, molybdenum powder, copper powder, boron powder, modified hafnium carbide powder, and alloy reinforcing agent, and ball mill to obtain mixed powder C; S2. Preheat the smelting furnace to 180℃ under argon atmosphere, add mixed powder C and fluxing agent to the smelting furnace, heat to 1200-1250℃ and keep warm, continue to heat to 1600-1680℃ and keep warm, heat to 1820-1850℃ and keep warm, quickly pour the mixed melt into the preheated mold to obtain the nickel-based alloy plate; S3. Combine the cleaned, polished, and passivated 304 stainless steel bottom plate with the nickel-based alloy plate using laser welding technology, cut and polish to obtain the nickel-based alloy composite plate.

2. The nickel-based alloy composite plate of claim 1, wherein, The pressure heat treatment step of the modified hafnium carbide powder is specifically: Heat mixed powder B to 1500-1800℃ at a speed of 10-15℃ / min, keep the temperature constant for 20-30min at the end point, pressurize to 30-50MPa by H2 / Ar mixed gas with a volume ratio of 4:96, keep warm for 50-60min, air cool to 60-80℃ after furnace cooling to 200℃, and grind and crush to pass through a 180-200-mesh screen to obtain the precursor powder.

3. The nickel-based alloy composite panel of claim 1, wherein, The post-treatment step of the modified hafnium carbide powder is specifically: the precursor powder is completely immersed in a mixed solution of 4-5% HCl+2-3% HF, ultrasonic treatment is performed for 10-15 min, surface oxides are removed, the powder is washed with deionized water until neutral, and the powder is dried at 40 DEG C for 8 h to remove water, thereby obtaining the modified hafnium carbide powder.

4. A method of producing a nickel-based alloy clad plate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1. Nickel powder, molybdenum powder, copper powder, boron powder, modified hafnium carbide powder and alloy reinforcing agent are mixed and ball milled, and the mixed powder C is obtained by passing through a 200-mesh screen; S2. The smelting furnace is preheated to 180 DEG C under an argon atmosphere, the mixed powder C and fluxing agent are added into the smelting furnace, the temperature is raised to 1200-1250 DEG C and kept, the temperature is continuously raised to 1600-1680 DEG C and kept, the temperature is raised to 1820-1850 DEG C and kept, and the mixed melt is quickly poured into a preheated mold, thereby obtaining the nickel-based alloy plate; S3. The 304 stainless steel bottom plate and the nickel-based alloy plate after cleaning, polishing and passivation treatment are combined by using a laser welding technology, and the nickel-based alloy composite plate is obtained after cutting and polishing.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the nickel-based alloy composite plate is prepared by the steps of: preparing a nickel-based alloy plate; and coating the nickel-based alloy plate with a coating layer containing a plurality of particles of a metal having a melting point higher than that of the nickel-based alloy plate. The S3 is specifically: the smelting furnace is preheated to 180 DEG C under an argon atmosphere, the mixed powder C and fluxing agent are added into the smelting furnace, the temperature is raised to 1200-1250 DEG C at a speed of 10-12 DEG C / min and kept for 15 min, the temperature is continuously raised to 1600-1680 DEG C at a speed of 5-8 DEG C / min and kept for 20 min, the temperature is raised to 1820-1850 DEG C at a speed of 2-4 DEG C / min and kept for 30 min, and the mixed melt is quickly poured into a mold preheated to 150 DEG C, thereby obtaining the nickel-based alloy plate.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein the nickel-based alloy composite plate is prepared by the steps of: preparing a nickel-based alloy plate; and coating the nickel-based alloy plate with a coating layer containing a plurality of particles of a metal having a melting point higher than that of the nickel-based alloy plate. The fluxing agent is a mixture of sodium fluoride and potassium fluoride with a molar ratio of 1.2-1.5:1.

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