Self-adaptive buffering support for collision between offshore wind power steel pipe pile and ship

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power equipment protection, in particular to a self-adaptive buffering support for collision between an offshore wind power steel pipe pile and a ship, which comprises a ring type buffering device, the ring type buffering device comprises a floating rotating seat, an elastic buffering net and a net supporting mechanism, and the net supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of elastic telescopic arms. A set of elastic supporting pieces are arranged between every two adjacent elastic telescopic arms, the two ends of each elastic telescopic arm are the telescopic end and the connecting end respectively, a rolling supporting and pressing arm is arranged at the telescopic end of each elastic telescopic arm, and the elastic buffering net sequentially penetrates through the rolling supporting and pressing arms and then is connected end to end to finally form a closed-loop structure. The elastic buffering net of a closed-loop structure is adopted, and the effect that local recesses of the elastic buffering net can drive the whole to synchronously deform during collision is achieved, so that the compression area of the elastic buffering net can be increased, the local pressure intensity can be reduced, and ships berthing in wind power plant construction and berthing piece structures on the outer sleeve cage can be effectively protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of offshore wind power equipment protection technology, specifically to an adaptive buffer support for collisions between offshore wind power steel pipe piles and ships. Background Technology

[0002] In offshore wind power construction, monopile piles are a commonly used supporting foundation structure for wind turbines. Their installation and operation and maintenance cannot be separated from the collaborative operation of ships. In actual operation and maintenance scenarios, there are significant safety hazards in the interaction between ships and berthing facilities. During the docking and departure of ships, due to limitations in operational precision or the influence of sudden ocean currents, hard collisions between the ship hull and berthing facilities are inevitable. More importantly, the marine environment is complex and changeable. The rise and fall of waves and the push of sea winds will cause the ship docked at the berthing facility to continuously sway from side to side. This continuous impact under dynamic action will not only damage the ship itself, but also gradually undermine the structural integrity of the berthing facility. Long-term accumulation may lead to stability problems of the outer cage or even the monopile pile, seriously threatening the safe operation of offshore wind power facilities. A Chinese patent with publication number CN114941343B discloses a multi-faceted buffer type anti-collision device for offshore wind turbine monopile foundations. Although the above patent can prevent ships from directly impacting the monopile, it also introduces new problems: Firstly, the regular polygonal energy dissipation ring in the aforementioned patent mainly relies on the circumferential rotation of the basic ring body and the elastic deformation of the mesh buffer unit to absorb kinetic energy. However, its support arm is fixed to the outer wall of the basic ring body, and adjacent support arms are only connected by rubber strips and shock-absorbing units, resulting in weak structural linkage. When a ship experiences a side impact, the impact force can easily lead to stress concentration in local areas, which in turn can cause the support arm root to break or the mesh buffer unit to be partially damaged. Secondly, when the mesh buffer unit in the aforementioned patent is deformed by impact, it can only transmit force through the axial extension and contraction of the support arm or the rotation of the base ring body, which cannot quickly disperse the force load. This causes the impact force to concentrate on the local support arm and buffer unit, which is prone to early structural failure due to local overload. Furthermore, the mesh buffer unit in the aforementioned patent is a number of independently set individuals, and the force-bearing area of ​​each mesh buffer unit is limited. Under a major impact, it is easy for the connection between the mesh buffer unit and the support arm to break. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an adaptive buffer support for collisions between offshore wind power steel pipe piles and ships, addressing the existing technical problems.

[0004] To address the problems of existing technologies, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an adaptive buffer support for collisions between offshore wind turbine steel pipe piles and ships, comprising a ring-shaped buffer device fitted onto an outer cage to prevent hard collisions between the berthing component and the ship. The ring-shaped buffer device includes a floating rotating seat, an elastic buffer net, and a support net mechanism. The floating rotating seat is ring-shaped and can rotate circumferentially around the outer cage. The support net mechanism includes several elastic telescopic arms evenly distributed around the floating rotating seat. A set of elastic support members connecting two adjacent elastic telescopic arms is provided. The two ends of each elastic telescopic arm are a telescopic end and a connecting end hinged to the floating rotating seat, respectively. Each telescopic end of the elastic telescopic arm is provided with a vertically oriented rolling support arm. The elastic buffer net passes through several rolling support arms in sequence and is connected end to end to form a closed loop structure. The several rolling support arms expand the elastic buffer net horizontally from the inside to the outside through the telescopic ends of the elastic telescopic arms.

[0005] To demonstrate how the floating rotating seat rotates around the outer cage, an annular protective plate is fixedly mounted on the outer cage and fitted around several sets of mooring components. The axial direction of the annular protective plate is vertical. The floating rotating seat includes an annular seat body and several rolling components. The annular seat body is coaxially fitted around the annular protective plate. The inner ring of the annular seat body is spaced apart from the annular protective plate, and an annular support plate extending vertically upward is formed on the inner ring of the annular seat body. The several sets of rolling components are evenly distributed on the annular support plate along the circumferential direction. Each rolling component includes a columnar seat and a ball. The columnar seat is horizontally fixed to the annular support plate, and the ball rotates within the corresponding columnar seat and rolls against the peripheral wall of the annular protective plate.

[0006] To demonstrate how the floating rotating seat floats on the sea surface, a ring-shaped mounting groove with an upward-recessed opening is provided at the bottom of the ring-shaped seat body, and several floats evenly distributed along the circumference are fixedly installed in the ring-shaped mounting groove.

[0007] To illustrate the specific structure of each elastic telescopic arm, each elastic telescopic arm includes a support cylinder, a piston, and a spring. The support cylinder is horizontally positioned with an open structure at one end and a closed structure at the other. The closed end of the support cylinder is hinged to the annular support plate, allowing it to swing left and right. The head of the piston slides inside the support cylinder, and the piston head presses the spring inside the support cylinder. An annular cover plate is fixedly provided on the open end of the support cylinder for the piston rod to pass through. The piston rod is the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic arm, and the closed end of the support cylinder is the connecting end of the elastic telescopic arm.

[0008] To demonstrate the specific structure of the elastic support, each set of elastic support includes several tension springs evenly distributed radially along the annular support plate, with each tension spring having its two ends fixedly connected to the outer walls of two adjacent support cylinders.

[0009] To illustrate the specific structure of the rolling support arm, each rolling support arm includes a strip frame, a support roller shaft, and two auxiliary roller shafts. The strip frame is vertically connected to the rod end of the piston. The support roller shaft is vertically rotatably connected to the strip frame. Each auxiliary roller shaft is vertically rotatably connected to the strip frame. The support roller shaft and the two auxiliary roller shafts are arranged in a triangular pattern. The elastic buffer net passes through the support roller shaft and the two auxiliary roller shafts.

[0010] In order to enable the rolling support arm to dissipate the impact force of the ship through a small swing, the middle part of each strip frame is hinged to the rod end of the piston, and each strip frame has a limiting arm formed on both sides that bends toward the rod of the piston. Each piston rod end has two symmetrical limiting blocks formed, and the two limiting blocks correspond to the two limiting arms respectively.

[0011] To protect the strip frame, each strip frame is fixed with a vertical strip guard plate, each strip guard plate covers the two corresponding auxiliary rollers, and the cross-section of each strip guard plate is semi-circular.

[0012] To prevent ships from colliding directly with the annular seat, several anti-collision arc-shaped plates are formed on the outer peripheral wall of the annular seat, evenly distributed along the circumference, and each anti-collision arc-shaped plate is located between the elastic buffer net and the annular seat.

[0013] To prevent the spring from being affected by force shift or shaking, a support ring is formed on the head of each piston and the inner end wall of the support cylinder, and the two ends of each spring are respectively sleeved on two support rings.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are: Firstly, during the construction of offshore wind turbines or the installation of offshore wind power equipment, ships frequently dock and are prone to collisions with berthing components. This invention achieves a precise response to impacts from different directions, such as frontal and lateral, through the coordinated operation of an elastic buffer net, an elastic telescopic arm, a rolling support arm, and elastic support components. When a ship is impacted laterally, the rolling support arm can deflect around the hinge point of the piston end. The deflection angle is limited by the cooperation of the limiting arm and the limiting block. If the impact force continues, the elastic telescopic arm drives the floating rotating seat to rotate circumferentially around the annular guard plate through the tension spring to actively dissipate the force. Compared with the prior art, this invention significantly improves the force dissipation efficiency of lateral impacts. Secondly, this invention patent uses a closed-loop structure of elastic buffer net in conjunction with rolling support arms, so that when the elastic buffer net is partially indented during an impact, it can drive the overall synchronous deformation, thereby increasing the pressure-bearing area of ​​the elastic buffer net and reducing local pressure. At the same time, the springs of the elastic telescopic arms and the tension springs between adjacent telescopic arms form a multi-level elastic buffer, making the force transmission path more reasonable, greatly improving the kinetic energy absorption efficiency, reducing the risk of local overload, and effectively protecting the ships moored during the construction of wind farms and the mooring structure on the outer cage, reducing construction interruption problems caused by collisions. Thirdly, the floating rotating seat of the present invention achieves low-resistance circumferential rotation through the ball bearing structure outside the annular guard plate, and provides stable buoyancy with the bottom float, ensuring that the buffer device always floats at the effective impact height. Throughout the entire cycle of offshore wind turbine construction or offshore wind power equipment installation, it can effectively avoid the problem of protection failure caused by tidal changes. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the ring-type buffer device fitted onto the outer cage. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a ring-type buffer device. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of the area indicated by A1 in the diagram; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a ring-type buffer device. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a top view of a ring-shaped buffer device; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The enlarged view of the area indicated by A2 in the diagram; Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Sectional view along line AA; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 The enlarged view of the area indicated in A3; Figure 9 yes Figure 8 The enlarged view shown in section A4; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the elastic buffer net being stretched open by the pressure roller shaft; Figure 11 This is an exploded three-dimensional structural diagram of the elastic telescopic arm.

[0016] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Floating rotating seat; 2. Elastic buffer net; 3. Elastic telescopic arm; 4. Rolling support arm; 5. Annular guard plate; 6. Annular seat body; 7. Rolling element; 8. Annular support plate; 9. Columnar seat; 10. Ball bearing; 11. Annular mounting groove; 12. Float; 13. Support cylinder; 14. Piston; 15. Spring; 16. Annular cover plate; 17. Tension spring; 18. Strip frame; 19. Support roller shaft; 20. Auxiliary roller shaft; 21. Limiting arm; 22. Limiting block; 23. Strip guard plate; 24. Anti-collision arc plate; 25. Support ring. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] refer to Figure 1 The adaptive buffer support for collisions between offshore wind turbine steel pipe piles and ships shown includes a ring-shaped buffer device fitted onto an outer cage to prevent hard collisions between the berthing component and the ship. The ring-shaped buffer device includes a floating rotating seat 1, an elastic buffer net 2, and a net-supporting mechanism. The floating rotating seat 1 is ring-shaped and can rotate circumferentially around the outer cage. The net-supporting mechanism includes several elastic telescopic arms 3 evenly distributed around the floating rotating seat 1. A set of elastic support members is provided between each pair of adjacent elastic telescopic arms 3 to connect them. The two ends of each elastic telescopic arm 3 are a telescopic end and a connecting end that is hinged to the floating rotating seat 1, respectively. Each telescopic end of the elastic telescopic arm 3 is provided with a vertically oriented rolling support arm 4. The elastic buffer net 2 passes through several rolling support arms 4 in sequence and is connected end to end to finally form a closed loop structure. The several rolling support arms 4 expand the elastic buffer net 2 horizontally from the inside to the outside through the telescopic ends of the elastic telescopic arms 3.

[0019] In offshore wind power construction, monotube piles are commonly used as the supporting foundation structure for wind turbines. During actual installation, they are typically driven vertically into the seabed using a large hydraulic pile hammer. After the monotube pile is fixed to the seabed, an outer cage is installed to enhance structural safety. During the fabrication of the outer cage, several sets of berthing components are welded onto it, and each set of berthing components has a ladder (not shown in the diagram) above it. The berthing components are used for ship berthing. Once a ship is berthed on the berthing components, operators can climb the ladder to the monotube pile to perform their work. However, in reality, we have found that during berthing and unberthing, the ship's hull inevitably collides hard with the berthing components. Furthermore, the complex marine environment causes ships berthed on the berthing components to sway from side to side due to waves and wind, resulting in continuous impacts and ultimately damage to both the ship and the berthing components. Therefore, a ring-shaped buffer device is installed on the outer cage to prevent hard collisions between the ship and the berthing components. The specific usage process is as follows: When the ship is not docked at the berthing device, several rolling support arms 4 will stretch the elastic buffer net 2 horizontally from the inside to the outside through the telescopic ends of the elastic telescopic arms 3. The elastic buffer net 2 and the support net mechanism can float up and down with the height of the sea surface through the floating rotating seat 1, ensuring that the elastic buffer net 2 and the support net mechanism will not be submerged below the sea surface. As the ship approaches the berthing device, the ring buffer device will reduce the impact force of the ship through three different buffering methods according to the impact direction of the ship. Firstly, when a ship collides with the elastic buffer net 2, the elastic buffer net 2 will be impacted and gradually indent inward. Since the elastic buffer net 2 is a closed-loop structure, when a part of the elastic buffer net 2 is indented, other parts of the elastic buffer net 2 will deform synchronously. At this time, the elastic buffer net 2 will compress the elastic telescopic arm 3 inward through the rolling support arm 4. During this process, the elastic buffer net 2 will directly buffer the impact of the ship through its own elasticity. After the elastic buffer net 2 deforms and compresses the elastic telescopic arm 3, the elastic telescopic arm 3 will indirectly buffer the impact of the ship through the support pressure applied to the elastic buffer net 2. At the same time, when the elastic buffer net 2 is locally compressed and indented inward, the elastic buffer net 2 will expand to both sides by pressing against the rolling support arm 4, and finally increase the local pressure surface of the elastic buffer net 2, thereby reducing the local pressure of the elastic buffer net 2 and preventing the elastic buffer net 2 from being torn apart. Secondly, when the ship collides directly with the rolling support arm 4, the rolling support arm 4 will cause the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic arm 3 to retract. At the same time, the rolling support arm 4 will cause a local area of ​​the elastic buffer net 2 to indent inward. During this process, the elastic telescopic arm 3 will directly buffer the impact of the ship through its elasticity, and the compressed elastic buffer net 2 will indirectly buffer the impact of the ship through its own elasticity. Third, when the ship makes a side impact to the rolling support arm 4, the impacted rolling support arm 4 will cause the corresponding elastic telescopic arm 3 to deflect. During this process, through the connection of several elastic support members, all elastic telescopic arms 3 will deflect to one side. In this way, the deflection trend of several elastic telescopic arms 3 will drive the floating rotating seat 1 to rotate, and finally make the impacted rolling support arm 4 move away from the ship and thus release the force. In summary, this device can use different buffering methods to reduce the impact force of a ship depending on the different impact directions of the ship.

[0020] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, an annular guard plate 5 is fixedly provided on the outer cage and sleeved on several sets of boat-mounting components. The axial direction of the annular guard plate 5 is vertical. The floating rotating seat 1 includes an annular seat body 6 and several rolling elements 7. The annular seat body 6 is coaxially sleeved on the annular guard plate 5. The inner ring of the annular seat body 6 is spaced apart from the annular guard plate 5. An annular support plate 8 extending upward in the vertical direction is formed on the inner ring of the annular seat body 6. Several sets of rolling elements 7 are evenly distributed on the annular support plate 8 in the circumferential direction. Each rolling element 7 includes a columnar seat 9 and a ball 10. The columnar seat 9 is horizontally fixed to the annular support plate 8. The ball 10 rotates in the corresponding columnar seat 9 and rolls against the peripheral wall of the annular guard plate 5.

[0021] During the processing of the outer cage, the annular guard plate 5 is welded onto the outer cage, and the annular guard plate 5 covers several sets of mooring parts. After the annular seat 6 is fitted onto the annular guard plate 5, the annular seat 6 can rotate circumferentially around the annular guard plate 5 through several rolling elements 7. During this process, the ball bearings 10 in each column seat 9 will rotate against the outer wall of the annular guard plate 5.

[0022] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, a ring-shaped mounting groove 11 with an upward indentation is provided at the bottom of the ring-shaped base 6, and several floats 12 evenly distributed along the circumference are fixedly installed in the ring-shaped mounting groove 11.

[0023] Several buoys 12 are fixed to the bottom of the annular base 6 through the annular mounting groove 11. When the annular base 6 is fitted over the annular protective plate 5, the annular base 6 will float on the sea surface through the several buoys 12. Finally, the floating function of the annular base 6 prevents the elastic buffer net 2 and the net support mechanism from sinking below the sea surface.

[0024] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, each elastic telescopic arm 3 includes a support cylinder 13, a piston 14, and a spring 15. The support cylinder 13 is horizontally arranged, with an open structure at one end and a closed structure at the other. The closed end of the support cylinder 13 is hinged to the annular support plate 8, allowing it to swing left and right. The head of the piston 14 slides inside the support cylinder 13, and the head of the piston 14 presses the spring 15 inside the support cylinder 13. An annular cover plate 16 is fixed on the open end of the support cylinder 13 for the rod of the piston 14 to pass through. The rod of the piston 14 is the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic arm 3, and the closed end of the support cylinder 13 is the connecting end of the elastic telescopic arm 3.

[0025] In the initial state, the spring 15 drives the piston 14 to extend through its elastic force. At this time, the head of the piston 14 abuts against the annular cover plate 16 to prevent the entire piston 14 from sliding out of the support cylinder 13. When the rolling support arm 4 is subjected to force due to the impact of the ship, the rolling support arm 4 will drive the piston 14 to retract inward. During this process, the head of the piston 14 will compress the spring 15, thereby causing the spring 15 to generate elastic force. Finally, the elastic force of the spring 15 will counteract the force on the rolling support arm 4.

[0026] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, each set of elastic support members includes several tension springs 17 that are evenly distributed radially along the annular support plate 8. The two ends of each tension spring 17 are respectively fixed to the outer walls of two adjacent support cylinders 13.

[0027] In the initial state, each support cylinder 13 is in the center position due to the tension of the tension springs 17 on both sides. That is, at this time, the axis of the support cylinder 13 is perpendicular to the axis of the annular support plate 8. When the ship directly hits the elastic buffer net 2 or laterally hits the rolling support arm 4, the rolling support arm 4 will drive the corresponding support cylinder 13 to deflect through the piston 14. During this process, the support cylinder 13 will stretch the tension spring 17, so that the tension spring 17 generates elastic force. Finally, when the ship moves away, the tension spring 17 will drive the deflected support cylinder 13 to return to its original position through its elastic force. When the support cylinder 13 is deflected by force, the stretched tension spring 17 will also indirectly weaken the impact force of the ship through its elastic force.

[0028] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, each rolling support arm 4 includes a strip frame 18, a support roller shaft 19, and two auxiliary roller shafts 20. The strip frame 18 is vertically connected to the rod end of the piston 14. The support roller shaft 19 is vertically rotatably connected to the strip frame 18. Each auxiliary roller shaft 20 is vertically rotatably connected to the strip frame 18. The support roller shaft 19 and the two auxiliary roller shafts 20 are triangularly distributed. The elastic buffer net 2 passes through the support roller shaft 19 and the two auxiliary roller shafts 20.

[0029] Piston 14 is driven to extend outward by spring 15 inside support cylinder 13. At this time, bar frame 18 connected to piston 14 will expand a local area of ​​elastic buffer net 2 from the inside to the outside in the horizontal direction through support roller shaft 19. Finally, the entire elastic buffer net 2 is expanded outward by several rolling support arms 4. When the local area of ​​elastic buffer net 2 is subjected to force and indents inward, elastic buffer net 2 will press against support roller shaft 19, and support roller shaft 19 will increase the local pressure area of ​​elastic buffer net 2 by rolling. When the ship directly hits the rolling support arm 4, the elastic buffer net 2 is pressed by two auxiliary roller shafts 20, so that the area of ​​elastic buffer net 2 corresponding to support roller shaft 19 can be indented inward.

[0030] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the middle part of each strip frame 18 is hinged to the rod end of the piston 14. Each strip frame 18 has a limiting arm 21 bent toward the rod of the piston 14 on both sides. Each piston 14 has two symmetrical limiting blocks 22 formed on the rod end, and the two limiting blocks 22 correspond to the two limiting arms 21 respectively.

[0031] When installing the strip frame 18, the strip frame 18 is hinged to the rod of the piston 14, so that the strip frame 18 can swing left and right. When the rolling support arm 4 is hit by the side of the ship, the swing of the strip frame 18 is used to dissipate the impact force of the ship. During this process, one of the limiting arms 21 will turn to the limiting block 22. The contact between the limiting arm 21 and the limiting block 22 restricts the rotation angle of the strip frame 18. When the strip frame 18 rotates to the limit, if the ship continues to hit the rolling support arm 4 sideways, the strip frame 18 will drive the corresponding support cylinder 13 to deflect through the piston 14. Finally, the deflection of several support cylinders 13 will drive the annular seat 6 to rotate around the annular guard plate 5 and thus dissipate the impact force of the ship.

[0032] refer to Figure 11 As shown, each strip frame 18 is fixed with a vertical strip guard plate 23, each strip guard plate 23 covers the corresponding two auxiliary roller shafts 20, and the cross-section of each strip guard plate 23 is semi-circular.

[0033] When the ship impacts the rolling support arm 4, the strip guard plate 23 will come into direct contact with the ship, thereby protecting the strip frame 18 and the auxiliary roller shaft 20. When processing the strip guard plate 23, the strip guard plate 23 can be made of carbon fiber reinforced composite material, so that the strip guard plate 23 has high impact strength and high toughness.

[0034] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a number of anti-collision arc-shaped plates 24 are formed on the outer peripheral wall of the annular seat 6, which are evenly distributed along the circumference, and each anti-collision arc-shaped plate 24 is located between the elastic buffer net 2 and the annular seat 6.

[0035] When a ship hits the elastic buffer net 2, it may continue to hit the ring seat 6. At this time, the anti-collision arc plate 24 is used to prevent the ship from contacting the ring seat 6. When processing the anti-collision arc plate 24, the arc plate can be made of carbon fiber reinforced composite material, so that the arc plate has high impact strength and high toughness.

[0036] refer to Figure 9As shown, each piston 14 has a support ring 25 formed on its head and the inner end wall of the support cylinder 13, and each spring 15 has its two ends respectively fitted onto two support rings 25.

[0037] The spring 15 is rigidly fixed by two support rings 25, which prevents the spring 15 from shifting or wobbling after being subjected to force.

[0038] Working principle: In its initial state, the ring-shaped buffer device floats stably on the sea surface through the floating rotating seat 1. Several floats 12 are fixed to the bottom of the ring seat 6 of the floating rotating seat 1 through the ring mounting groove 11, which provides buoyancy for the overall structure and prevents the elastic buffer net 2 and the net support mechanism from sinking underwater. At the same time, the ring seat 6 can rotate flexibly in the circumferential direction through the rolling element 7, laying the foundation for the subsequent pressure release action. In the support net mechanism, several elastic telescopic arms 3 are evenly distributed around the floating rotating seat 1. The springs 15 in each support cylinder 13 are in a naturally extended state, pushing the piston 14 to extend outward, so that the rolling support arm 4 at the telescopic end expands the elastic buffer net 2 from the inside to the outside in the horizontal direction to form a closed loop structure. Adjacent elastic telescopic arms 3 are connected by tension springs 17 to maintain the central position. When the ship approaches the berthing device, the device activates three buffer mechanisms depending on the direction of impact: Firstly, when a ship collides with the elastic buffer net 2, the elastic buffer net 2 will dent due to local impact. Through the closed-loop structure, it will cause other parts to deform synchronously. The dented elastic buffer net 2 will compress the piston 14 inward through the rolling support arm 4. The head of the piston 14 will compress the spring 15 in the support cylinder 13. The elastic force of the spring 15 will buffer the impact force of the ship. At the same time, the elastic buffer net 2 will press against the rolling support arm 4, causing the adjacent elastic telescopic arms 3 to expand to both sides, increasing the local pressure area to reduce the pressure and prevent the elastic buffer net 2 from breaking. Furthermore, the support force of the elastic telescopic arms 3 on the buffer net can further indirectly weaken the impact force. Secondly, when the ship crashes directly into the rolling support arm 4, the strip guard plate 23 of the rolling support arm 4 is directly subjected to force, which drives the piston 14 to retract and compress the spring 15. The spring force of the spring 15 is used to buffer the impact force of the ship. At the same time, the support roller shaft 19 and the auxiliary roller shaft 20 cause the elastic buffer net 2 to partially dent. The elastic buffer net 2 indirectly enhances the buffering effect through its own elasticity. Third, when the ship makes a lateral impact on the rolling support arm 4, the bar frame 18 swings around the hinge point at the end of the piston 14. During this process, the swing angle is limited by the contact between the limiting arm 21 and the limiting block 22. If the impact force continues, the bar frame 18 will drive the corresponding support cylinder 13 to deflect. Through the connection of the tension spring 17, all the elastic telescopic arms 3 will deflect to one side synchronously, thereby driving the floating rotating seat 1 to rotate circumferentially along the annular guard plate 5 through the ball bearing 10, so that the impacted rolling support arm 4 is away from the ship to achieve force relief. The elastic force of the tension spring 17 also indirectly weakens the impact force during this process. In addition, the anti-collision arc plate 24 on the outer periphery of the annular seat 6 can prevent the ship from directly impacting the annular seat 6 after breaking through the buffer net, while the strip guard plate 23 protects the core components of the rolling support arm 4, ensuring that the device can stably play a buffering and protective role in complex marine environments.

[0039] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An adaptive buffer support for collisions between offshore wind turbine steel pipe piles and ships, characterized in that, The device includes a ring-shaped buffer device fitted onto the outer cage to prevent the berthing parts from colliding with the ship. The ring-shaped buffer device includes a floating rotating seat (1), an elastic buffer net (2), and a net-supporting mechanism. The floating rotating seat (1) is ring-shaped and can rotate circumferentially around the outer cage. The net-supporting mechanism includes several elastic telescopic arms (3) evenly distributed around the floating rotating seat (1). A set of elastic support members connecting two adjacent elastic telescopic arms (3) is provided. The two ends of each elastic telescopic arm (3) are a telescopic end and a connecting end that is hinged to the floating rotating seat (1). Each elastic telescopic arm (3) has a vertically arranged rolling support arm (4) on its telescopic end. The elastic buffer net (2) passes through several rolling support arms (4) in sequence and is connected end to end to form a closed loop structure. Several rolling support arms (4) open the elastic buffer net (2) horizontally from the inside to the outside through the telescopic ends of the elastic telescopic arms (3).

2. The adaptive buffer support for collisions between offshore wind power steel pipe piles and ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, An annular guard plate (5) is fixedly provided on the outer cage and sleeved on several sets of boat-mounting parts. The axial direction of the annular guard plate (5) is vertical. The floating rotating seat (1) includes an annular seat body (6) and several rolling elements (7). The annular seat body (6) is coaxially sleeved on the annular guard plate (5). The inner ring of the annular seat body (6) is spaced apart from the annular guard plate (5). An annular support plate (8) extending upward in the vertical direction is formed on the inner ring of the annular seat body (6). The several sets of rolling elements (7) are evenly distributed on the annular support plate (8) in the circumferential direction. Each rolling element (7) includes a columnar seat (9) and a ball (10). The columnar seat (9) is horizontally fixed to the annular support plate (8). The ball (10) rotates in the corresponding columnar seat (9) and rolls against the peripheral wall of the annular guard plate (5).

3. The adaptive buffer support for collisions between offshore wind turbine steel pipe piles and ships according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the annular base (6) has an annular mounting groove (11) that is recessed upwards, and several floats (12) are fixedly installed in the annular mounting groove (11) and evenly distributed along the circumference.

4. The adaptive buffer support for collisions between offshore wind turbine steel pipe piles and ships according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the elastic telescopic arms (3) includes a support cylinder (13), a piston (14), and a spring (15). The support cylinder (13) is horizontally arranged, and its two ends are open and closed structures, respectively. The closed end of the support cylinder (13) is hinged to the annular support plate (8) so that it can swing left and right. The head of the piston (14) slides inside the support cylinder (13), and the head of the piston (14) presses the spring (15) inside the support cylinder (13). An annular cover plate (16) is fixed on the open end of the support cylinder (13) for the rod of the piston (14) to pass through. The rod of the piston (14) is the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic arm (3), and the closed end of the support cylinder (13) is the connecting end of the elastic telescopic arm (3).

5. The adaptive buffer support for collisions between offshore wind turbine steel pipe piles and ships according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each set of elastic support members includes several tension springs (17) evenly distributed radially along the annular support plate (8), and the two ends of each tension spring (17) are respectively fixed to the outer walls of two adjacent support cylinders (13).

6. The adaptive buffer support for collisions between offshore wind turbine steel pipe piles and ships according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the rolling support arms (4) includes a strip frame (18), a support roller shaft (19), and two auxiliary roller shafts (20). The strip frame (18) is vertically connected to the rod end of the piston (14). The support roller shaft (19) is vertically rotatably connected to the strip frame (18). Each of the auxiliary roller shafts (20) is vertically rotatably connected to the strip frame (18). The support roller shaft (19) and the two auxiliary roller shafts (20) are triangularly distributed. The elastic buffer net (2) passes between the support roller shaft (19) and the two auxiliary roller shafts (20).

7. The adaptive buffer support for collisions between offshore wind turbine steel pipe piles and ships according to claim 6, characterized in that, The middle part of each of the strip frames (18) is hinged to the rod end of the piston (14). Each of the strip frames (18) has a limiting arm (21) bent toward the rod of the piston (14) on both sides. Each of the pistons (14) has two symmetrical limiting blocks (22) formed on the rod end. The two limiting blocks (22) correspond to the two limiting arms (21) respectively.

8. The adaptive buffer support for collisions between offshore wind power steel pipe piles and ships according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each of the strip frames (18) is fixed with a vertical strip guard plate (23), each of the strip guard plates (23) covers the two corresponding auxiliary roller shafts (20), and the cross-section of each strip guard plate (23) is semi-circular.

9. The adaptive buffer support for collisions between offshore wind turbine steel pipe piles and ships according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer peripheral wall of the annular seat (6) is formed with a number of anti-collision arc plates (24) evenly distributed along the circumference, and each anti-collision arc plate (24) is located between the elastic buffer net (2) and the annular seat (6).

10. The adaptive buffer support for collisions between offshore wind power steel pipe piles and ships according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each piston (14) has a support ring (25) formed on its head and the inner end wall of the support cylinder (13), and each spring (15) has its two ends respectively fitted onto the two support rings (25).

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