Composite ice dome structure suitable for extremely cold and strong wind environment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of extreme environment constructional engineering, and discloses a composite ice dome structure suitable for an extremely cold and strong wind environment, the composite ice dome structure comprises a dome and an enclosing wall which are connected, and the dome and the enclosing wall jointly enclose to form the ice dome structure with a containing space; each of the dome and the enclosing wall is formed by mutually splicing a plurality of ice structure units; the dome and the enclosing wall are wrapped with the film sleeve, the film sleeve is made of a low-temperature-resistant flexible material, and the outer side face of the film sleeve is covered with a heat preservation layer; a plurality of sub-bins are arranged in the film sleeve, at least one ice structure unit is contained in each sub-bin, and all the ice structure units in the dome and the enclosing wall are located in the sub-bins; containing spaces are provided for the ice structure units through the branch bins in the film sleeve, loads are evenly transmitted through the branch bins, water is injected to form a continuous and even whole through ice cleaning, and the problems that in the prior art, due to the ice block stacking mode, the integrity of an ice dome structure is poor, and stress at the abutted seam is concentrated are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of extreme environment construction engineering technology, specifically relating to a composite ice dome structure suitable for extremely cold and windy environments. Background Technology

[0002] The polar regions are crucial frontiers for global climate change and Earth system science research. The Arctic and Antarctic possess immense scientific and strategic value in areas such as glacier evolution, atmospheric circulation, ecological protection, and resource utilization. To support long-term, stable scientific research and living activities, humans must establish reliable, durable, and sustainable buildings in polar environments. Polar research stations, living quarters, and other polar structures constantly face the dual challenges of extreme low temperatures and strong winds. Traditional steel structures are susceptible to low-temperature brittle fracture, while concrete structures are difficult to construct in the low-temperature polar environment and are highly vulnerable to freezing damage. Therefore, currently, local materials are typically used, employing ice blocks or ice bricks to construct building components, reducing material transportation costs and avoiding problems such as low-temperature brittle fracture of steel and freeze-thaw damage to concrete. However, ice structures simply constructed from ice components rely solely on the natural freezing of the contact surfaces to form connections, resulting in poor overall integrity and numerous weak seams. Under strong wind loads, stress concentrations occur at these seams, leading to structural cracking and even failure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a composite ice dome structure suitable for extremely cold and windy environments, solving the problems of poor overall integrity and stress concentration at joints caused by the ice block stacking method in existing ice dome structures.

[0004] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A composite ice dome structure suitable for extremely cold and windy environments includes a connected dome and walls, which together enclose an ice dome structure with a containment space. Both the dome and the walls are formed by assembling multiple ice structural units. The membrane sleeve covering the outside of the dome and the wall is made of low-temperature resistant flexible material, and the outer surface of the membrane sleeve is covered with an insulation layer. The membrane casing has multiple compartments, each of which contains at least one ice structure unit, and all ice structure units in the dome and the enclosure are located in the compartments. The compartments within the membrane sheath are partially or completely connected, and water is injected into the membrane sheath to freeze adjacent ice structure units in the connected compartments into a whole.

[0005] Furthermore, the upper and lower ends of the wall are respectively provided with ring beams and foundation bases, and the dome is fixedly connected to the ring beams; The ring beam and the foundation base are respectively equipped with the first circumferential prestressed tendon and the second circumferential prestressed tendon; The dome contains multiple radially arranged radial prestressed tendons, which extend from near the center of the dome into the ring beam. The enclosure contains multiple vertically arranged prestressed tendons, with their upper and lower ends extending into the ring beam and foundation base, respectively.

[0006] Furthermore, shear key components are provided at the joints of adjacent ice structure units.

[0007] Furthermore, the shear key assembly includes a tenon disposed on one of the ice structure units, and a matching groove disposed on the other ice structure unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the membrane sleeve is made of any one of the following materials: aramid-reinforced membrane, PTFE composite membrane, or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber membrane.

[0009] Furthermore, the insulation layer includes aerogel felt, vacuum insulation panel, or polyurethane foam.

[0010] Furthermore, the ice structure unit includes pre-made ice packs or natural ice blocks.

[0011] Furthermore, the pre-made ice packs are formed by freezing water mixed with fibrous material inside a sealed bag.

[0012] Furthermore, the fiber material includes one or more of glass fiber, basalt fiber, or aramid fiber.

[0013] Furthermore, multiple wind power generation units are installed at the upper end of the ring beam.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This application utilizes a compartmentalized design within the membrane sleeve to facilitate the rapid positioning and assembly of ice structure units. The compartments provide storage space for the ice structure units, allowing for uniform load distribution and preventing stress concentration at point contact points between the ice structure units. Furthermore, by connecting some or all of the compartments and injecting water to fill the gaps between adjacent ice structure units, a continuous and uniform whole is formed through the ice, transforming point contact into surface contact. This further eliminates localized stress concentration, significantly improving the overall load-bearing capacity and stability. This effectively solves the problems of poor overall integrity and stress concentration at seams in existing ice dome structures due to the ice stacking method. 2. By setting up shear key components, the embedding effect between adjacent ice structure units is further improved, thereby enhancing the overall stability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the composite ice dome structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an appendix to the present invention. Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a composite ice dome structure suitable for extremely cold and windy environments includes a connected dome 2 and a surrounding wall 1, which together enclose an ice dome structure with a containment space. Both the dome 2 and the enclosure 1 are formed by assembling multiple ice structure units 10 together; The membrane sleeve 12, which is wrapped around the dome 2 and the wall 1, is made of a low-temperature resistant flexible material and the outer surface of the membrane sleeve 12 is covered with an insulation layer 13. The membrane sleeve 12 has multiple compartments inside, each compartment accommodating at least one ice structure unit 10, and each ice structure unit 10 in the dome 2 and the wall 1 is located in a compartment. The compartments in the membrane sleeve 12 are partially or completely connected, and water is injected into the membrane sleeve 12 to freeze adjacent ice structure units 10 in the connected compartments into a whole. It should be noted that the liquid water required for filling the membrane sleeve 12 can be obtained by heating and melting ice and snow. In the polar low-temperature environment, the temperature of the obtained liquid water drops rapidly after it is far away from the heating source. Before the liquid water freezes, it is quickly injected into the membrane sleeve 12 to complete the water filling operation. Since the water filling only fills the gaps and connects the adjacent ice structure units 10, the volume of water required is small. In the low-temperature environment, water is sprayed into ice and the liquid water can freeze quickly after filling the gaps. Therefore, the problem of water melting ice when the liquid water comes into contact with the ice structure unit 10 can be ignored. This application utilizes a compartmentalized design within the membrane sleeve 12 to facilitate the rapid positioning and assembly of the ice structure units 10. The compartments also provide storage space for the ice structure units 10, allowing for uniform load distribution and preventing stress concentration at point contact points. Furthermore, by connecting some or all of the compartments and injecting water to fill the gaps between adjacent ice structure units 10, a continuous and uniform whole is formed, transforming point contact into surface contact. This further eliminates localized stress concentration, significantly improving the overall load-bearing capacity and stability. This effectively solves the problems of poor overall integrity and stress concentration at seams in existing ice dome structures due to the ice stacking method.

[0019] The upper and lower ends of the enclosure wall 1 are respectively provided with a ring beam 9 and a foundation base 3, and the dome 2 is fixedly connected to the ring beam 9; The ring beam 9 and the foundation base 3 are respectively provided with the first circumferential prestressed tendon 6 and the second circumferential prestressed tendon 8; The dome 2 is equipped with multiple radially arranged radial prestressed tendons 5, which extend from the center of the dome 2 into the ring beam 9; The enclosure 1 is equipped with multiple vertically arranged prestressed tendons 7, with the upper and lower ends of the prestressed tendons 7 extending into the ring beam 9 and the foundation base 3, respectively. The first circumferential prestressed tendon 6, the second circumferential prestressed tendon 8, the radial prestressed tendon 5, and the vertical prestressed tendon 7 together form a three-dimensional prestressed system, which is used to work together to resist the horizontal thrust from the dome 2 and the external wind load. Preferably, the thickness of the base 3 is greater than the thickness of the wall 1 to improve the stability of the overall structure; Preferably, the first circumferential prestressed tendon 6, the second circumferential prestressed tendon 8, the radial prestressed tendon 5, and the vertical prestressed tendon 7 can all be made of materials suitable for extreme low-temperature environments, such as low-temperature resistant steel cables, aramid cables, or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cables.

[0020] Shear key components 11 are provided at the joints of two adjacent ice structure units 10; the shear key components 11 at the joints are provided to improve the embedding effect between adjacent ice structure units 10 and improve the overall stability.

[0021] The anti-shear key assembly 11 includes a tenon disposed on any one of the ice structure units 10, and a matching groove disposed on the other ice structure unit 10; It should be noted that the use of tenon and groove in the anti-shear key component 11 is only a preferred method in this application. The anti-shear key component 11 can also use the existing technology of pins, etc. However, considering the special properties of the ice structure unit 10 material and the special construction environment, setting tenons and grooves on the ice structure unit 10 is the optimal solution in this application. While the tenon and groove secure the two adjacent ice structure units 10, the tenon and groove also increase the contact area between the two adjacent ice structure units 10, effectively improving the stability of the two adjacent ice structure units 10 after they are frozen together.

[0022] The membrane sleeve 12 is made of any one of the following materials: aramid reinforced membrane, PTFE composite membrane, or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber membrane; these materials have excellent low temperature resistance and can adapt to extreme environments from -100℃ to 0℃ for a long time.

[0023] The insulation layer 13 includes aerogel felt, vacuum insulation panel or polyurethane foam; these materials have good thermal insulation properties, which reduce heat conduction and maintain the long-term stability of the ice.

[0024] Ice structure unit 10 includes pre-made ice packs or natural ice blocks; When natural ice is selected, it is necessary to carve the natural ice into the required shape and carve out the corresponding anti-shear key component 11. When using pre-made ice packs, they can be processed in a specific mold to form the desired shape.

[0025] Pre-made ice packs are formed by freezing water filled with fiber-doped material inside a sealed bag; preferably, the sealed bag can be made of low-temperature resistant aramid-reinforced film or PTFE composite film; after freezing with the fiber-doped material, a high-strength and tough ice body is formed; It should be noted that during the processing of pre-made ice packs, after filling the sealed bag with water mixed with fiber material, about 9% of the space is left empty, and vacuum treatment is performed to avoid the sealed bag from breaking due to volume expansion after freezing. Preferably, after the sealed bag is filled with water, a vacuum sealing machine can be used to heat-seal the bag opening and perform vacuuming.

[0026] The fiber material includes one or more of glass fiber, basalt fiber or aramid fiber; by setting the fiber material, stress can be effectively transferred and dispersed, ice crack propagation can be inhibited, and the impact resistance and fatigue resistance of ice can be significantly enhanced.

[0027] Multiple wind power generation units 4 are installed on the upper end of the ring beam 9; preferably, the wind power generation unit 4 includes rotating blades and generators, etc. Since the wind power generation unit 4 is prior art, it will not be described in detail in this application. By making full use of the polar wind conditions through wind power generation unit 4, a stable power supply can be provided for scientific research, residential and living loads, thereby achieving energy self-sufficiency and reducing dependence on external fuel transportation.

[0028] Preferably, in scenarios requiring long-term residential or scientific research use, flexible airbags 14 can be selectively installed inside the ice dome structure; the airbag 14 maintains a positive pressure state inside its cavity and, together with the double-layer door cabin, forms an airtight system, effectively isolating external environmental fluctuations, ensuring stable temperature and pressure inside the space, and also playing a secondary insulation role, reducing energy consumption.

[0029] Preferably, in scenarios requiring long-term residential or scientific research use, a corresponding monitoring system is also required. The monitoring system is used to monitor the settlement and deformation of the ice dome structure, the temperature of the outer wall, the working status of the wind power generation unit 4, etc., so that the ice dome structure can be inspected and repaired in a timely manner to improve its service life.

[0030] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0031] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A composite ice dome structure suitable for extremely cold and windy environments, comprising a connected dome (2) and a surrounding wall (1), wherein the dome (2) and the surrounding wall (1) together enclose an ice dome structure with a containment space, characterized in that: Both the dome (2) and the wall (1) are formed by assembling multiple ice structural units (10) together; The membrane sleeve (12) is wrapped around the outside of the dome (2) and the wall (1). The membrane sleeve (12) is made of low-temperature resistant flexible material and the outer surface of the membrane sleeve (12) is covered with an insulation layer (13). The membrane sleeve (12) has multiple compartments inside, each compartment accommodating at least one ice structure unit (10), and each ice structure unit (10) in the dome (2) and the wall (1) is located in a compartment; The compartments in the membrane sleeve (12) are partially or completely connected, and the adjacent ice structure units (10) in each connected compartment are frozen into a whole by injecting water into the membrane sleeve (12).

2. The composite ice dome structure suitable for extremely cold and windy environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower ends of the wall (1) are respectively provided with a ring beam (9) and a foundation base (3), and the dome (2) is fixedly connected to the ring beam (9); The ring beam (9) and the foundation base (3) are respectively provided with a first circumferential prestressed tendon (6) and a second circumferential prestressed tendon (8); The dome (2) is provided with multiple radially arranged radial prestressed tendons (5), which extend from the dome (2) near the center to the ring beam (9); The enclosure (1) contains multiple vertically arranged prestressed tendons (7), with the upper and lower ends of the prestressed tendons (7) extending into the ring beam (9) and the foundation base (3), respectively.

3. The composite ice dome structure suitable for extremely cold and windy environments according to claim 2, characterized in that, Shear key components (11) are provided at the joints of adjacent ice structural units (10).

4. The composite ice dome structure suitable for extremely cold and windy environments according to claim 3, characterized in that, The shear key assembly (11) includes a tenon provided on one of the ice structure units (10) and a matching groove provided on the other ice structure unit (10).

5. The composite ice dome structure suitable for extremely cold and windy environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The membrane sleeve (12) is made of any one of the following materials: aramid reinforced membrane, PTFE composite membrane or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber membrane.

6. The composite ice dome structure suitable for extremely cold and windy environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation layer (13) includes aerogel felt, vacuum insulation board or polyurethane foam.

7. The composite ice dome structure suitable for extremely cold and windy environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ice structure unit (10) includes pre-made ice packs or natural ice blocks.

8. The composite ice dome structure suitable for extremely cold and windy environments according to claim 7, characterized in that, Pre-made ice packs are formed by freezing water mixed with fibrous material inside a sealed bag.

9. The composite ice dome structure suitable for extremely cold and windy environments according to claim 8, characterized in that, Fiber materials include one or more of glass fiber, basalt fiber, or aramid fiber.

10. The composite ice dome structure suitable for extremely cold and windy environments according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple wind power generation units (4) are installed on the upper end of the ring beam (9).

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