Floor-beam connecting structure based on composite vibration reduction and vibration control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a floor-beam connecting structure based on composite vibration reduction and a vibration control method of the floor-beam connecting structure. The floor-beam connecting structure comprises a beam, a floor and a vibration reduction unit arranged between the beam and the floor. A groove is formed in the top face of the beam in the axial direction of the beam, a protruding rib is arranged at the position, corresponding to the beam, of the bottom face of the floor slab, the protruding rib is arranged in the groove, and the vibration reduction unit is vertically arranged between the protruding rib and the bottom face of the groove. Lateral vibration reduction layers are further arranged between the convex ribs and the side faces of the grooves. Each lateral vibration reduction layer comprises a damping material layer and a piezoelectric material layer. The vibration reduction unit comprises a lower steel plate arranged on the bottom face of the groove of the beam, an upper steel plate arranged on the bottom face of the protruding rib of the floor slab and a piston arranged between the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate. Vertical displacement generated during vibration is reduced through the vibration reduction units, multiple vibration reduction barriers are constructed through cooperation of the vibration reduction units and the lateral vibration reduction layers, and structural vibration caused by train operation is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building structure vibration reduction technology, and more specifically, relates to a floor slab-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction and its vibration control method. Background Technology

[0002] With the increase in operating mileage and the accumulation of operational experience, the environmental vibration problem caused by rail transit is becoming increasingly prominent. The interaction between vehicles and tracks during high-speed operation generates vibrations, which are transmitted through the structure to the surrounding ground and then propagate outwards, or directly to connected structures, exciting nearby underground structures or surface buildings to vibrate. This affects the structural safety of buildings and the work and lives of residents within them. Due to the severity of the impact of vibration problems, internationally, vibration, along with air pollution, has been listed as one of the seven major environmental hazards. Indoor low-frequency noise (frequency range 16–200 Hz) generated by the vibration of buildings along the urban rail transit line caused by train operation is a common environmental vibration problem. This noise is mainly transmitted through structural propagation paths; that is, the vibration of the train wheels and rails is transmitted through the track foundation and surrounding soil to the building foundation, thereby exciting the building structure to vibrate and radiating low-frequency noise into the room.

[0003] To effectively control this type of noise pollution, vibration reduction measures can be taken. Vibration reduction technologies include overall vibration reduction and local vibration reduction. Overall vibration reduction refers to setting up a vibration isolation layer between the building and the foundation to reduce vibrations transmitted from the ground; however, this is difficult to implement in existing buildings. Local vibration reduction refers to reducing the vibration from rail transit in important rooms, and commonly uses tuned mass dampers, which consist of a mass block and a damping system. The damping system allows the mass block to vibrate freely within a certain range and adjusts its vibration frequency to match the vibration frequency of the main structure.

[0004] The current vibration reduction technology for the impact of rail transit on buildings mainly has the following problems: (1) The vibration transmission path is single and the vibration reduction effect is limited. In traditional building structures, floor slabs and beams are usually rigidly connected, and vibration waves are directly transmitted through the concrete structure. There is a lack of effective vibration reduction measures, which makes it difficult to dissipate vibration energy. Existing vibration reduction technologies (such as rubber bearings and vibration isolation pads) are mainly applied to foundation isolation, but the vibration suppression effect on floor slab-beam joints is insufficient; (2) Traditional building vibration reduction design usually adopts overall reinforcement or foundation isolation. Although it can reduce the overall vibration response of the structure, it has problems such as large stiffness redundancy, high energy consumption, and limited low-frequency vibration reduction effect. In particular, it is not targeted enough for local vibration sensitive areas such as floor slab-beam joints, which means that vibration energy may still spread through key force transmission paths; (3) There is a lack of energy recovery and intelligent control capabilities. Existing vibration reduction technologies only passively dissipate vibration energy without considering energy recovery and utilization, resulting in resource waste. The lack of real-time monitoring and active adjustment mechanisms makes it impossible to dynamically optimize the vibration reduction effect for different vibration frequencies. Passive vibration reduction technology is difficult to adapt to complex vibration conditions. Traditional spring vibration reduction devices are prone to aging, and their stiffness changes after long-term use, affecting vibration reduction performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned deficiencies or improvement needs of existing technologies, this invention provides a floor-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction and its vibration control method. By using ribs and grooves to create an isolation gap between the floor slab and beam, the rigid connection between them is eliminated. Vibration reduction units reduce the vertical displacement generated during floor slab vibration. Through the cooperation of vibration reduction units and lateral vibration reduction layers, multiple vibration reduction barriers are constructed, achieving vibration reduction and utilizing vibration for power generation. This reduces structural vibration caused by train operation, significantly improving the comfort of the living environment while ensuring the safety of the building structure.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a floor beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction is provided, comprising: a beam, a floor slab, and a vibration reduction unit disposed between the beam and the floor slab;

[0007] The top surface of the beam has a groove along its axial direction, and the bottom surface of the floor slab has a rib at the corresponding position of the beam. The rib is located in the groove, and the vibration damping unit is vertically located between the rib and the bottom surface of the groove.

[0008] A lateral damping layer is also provided between the sides of the rib and the groove, the lateral damping layer including a damping material layer and a piezoelectric material layer;

[0009] The vibration reduction unit includes a lower steel plate on the bottom surface of the groove of the beam, an upper steel plate on the bottom surface of the convex rib of the floor slab, and a piston between the upper and lower steel plates, forming multiple vibration reduction barriers to achieve initial vibration reduction and generate electricity using vibration, thereby reducing structural vibration caused by train operation.

[0010] Furthermore, a top longitudinal damping layer is provided between the upper steel plate and the protruding rib. This top longitudinal damping layer also includes a damping material layer and a piezoelectric material layer. A bottom longitudinal damping layer is also provided between the lower steel plate and the groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the piston includes a base disposed on the lower steel plate, an outer cylinder sleeved on the base, and a piston rod disposed inside the outer cylinder;

[0012] The bottom end of the base is fixed to the lower steel plate, and the bottom end of the outer cylinder is also fixedly connected to the lower steel plate and sealed to the outer cylinder. The piston rod is made of shape memory alloy, with a piston plate at one end located inside the outer cylinder, and the other end protruding from the top of the outer cylinder and connected to the upper steel plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a first damping spring is provided between the bottom side of the piston plate and the base, and a plurality of second damping springs are provided between the top side of the piston plate and the top of the outer cylinder. The plurality of second damping springs are arranged equidistantly around the piston rod to form a second damping spring array.

[0014] When the piston plate is located in the middle position of the outer cylinder, the first damping spring and the second damping spring are in a balanced state.

[0015] Furthermore, the piston plate has multiple air holes circumferentially open to connect the spaces on both sides of the piston plate, thereby adjusting the air pressure in the outer cylinder, preventing the damping material in the outer cylinder from generating an airlock effect due to compression, and improving the piston's response sensitivity under vibration.

[0016] Furthermore, the floor slab has a cavity at the location of the structural column, through which it is directly fitted onto the structural column;

[0017] Furthermore, a gap is provided between the structural column and the inner wall of the cavity as a vibration damping joint, so that the two are not directly connected. This allows the vibration to be transmitted directly from the structural column to the beam, and finally the vibration energy is eliminated by the vibration damping unit between the beam and the floor slab, thus preventing the vibration energy from being directly transmitted from the structural column to the floor slab.

[0018] Furthermore, a monitoring sensor is provided between the groove and the rib, the monitoring sensor including an acceleration sensor and a displacement sensor;

[0019] The acceleration sensor is a vertical acceleration sensor, used to monitor the actual vertical acceleration data of the floor slab;

[0020] The displacement sensor monitors the vertical displacement of the beam due to vibration. Under the influence of train vibration, the thickness of the piezoelectric material is adjusted in real time based on the dynamic response of the beam using the inverse piezoelectric effect.

[0021] Furthermore, an integrated circuit system is also provided on the lower steel plate. The integrated circuit system is connected to all piezoelectric materials and monitoring sensors through wires. It collects the electrical energy generated by the piezoelectric materials during vibration, rectifies and stores it, and then outputs it to the piezoelectric materials by the integrated circuit system. It uses the inverse piezoelectric effect to control the adjustment of its thickness to offset part of the vibration, or outputs it to the monitoring sensors to power them for monitoring.

[0022] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a vibration control method for a floor-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction is provided, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0023] S100. When the building structure receives low-frequency vibration energy from the outside, the structural columns and beams vibrate and transmit the vibration energy to the connection between the beam and the floor slab.

[0024] S200: The vibration is decomposed into lateral vibration and vertical vibration. The vibration compression damping unit and the lateral damping layer partially eliminate the vertical vibration energy and lateral vibration energy.

[0025] When S300, extrusion damping unit and lateral damping layer are formed, the piezoelectric material in them is compressed and converts the energy of vibration into electrical energy through the positive piezoelectric effect;

[0026] S400: The vertical displacement of the beam is monitored by a monitoring sensor, and the voltage output to the piezoelectric material is adjusted according to the displacement to adjust its thickness in order to achieve dynamic cancellation of vibration.

[0027] The S500 monitors the vertical acceleration of the floor slab using sensors and compares the acceleration decay rate to assess the floor slab's vibration and monitor abnormal high-frequency vibrations.

[0028] Furthermore, in step S400, the strain generated in the piezoelectric material under the action of an external voltage is controlled by the inverse piezoelectric equation, specifically:

[0029] ΔL=d 33 ·V

[0030] Where ΔL is the axial displacement generated by the piezoelectric material.

[0031] d 33 The piezoelectric strain constant is

[0032] V is the applied external voltage.

[0033] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The floor-beam connection structure of the present invention reserves an isolation gap between the floor slab and the beam through ribs and grooves, eliminates the rigid connection between the floor slab and the beam, reduces the vertical displacement generated when the floor slab vibrates through vibration damping units, and constructs multiple vibration damping barriers through the cooperation of vibration damping units and lateral vibration damping layers, thereby achieving vibration reduction and using vibration to generate electricity, reducing structural vibration caused by train operation, and significantly improving the comfort of the living environment while ensuring the safety of the building structure.

[0035] 2. The floor slab-beam connection structure of the present invention adopts a local vibration reduction method, which can precisely weaken the vibration transmission path, form a flexible energy dissipation mechanism at key nodes, and implement precise measures for vibration sources or sensitive areas, which is cost-effective and highly flexible.

[0036] 3. The floor slab-beam connection structure of the present invention combines various vibration reduction methods such as damping materials, spring systems, and friction energy dissipation to improve the vibration reduction effect. It also utilizes the positive / inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials to realize vibration energy recovery and dynamic adjustment, thereby improving vibration reduction adaptability.

[0037] 4. The floor slab-beam connection structure of the present invention effectively absorbs vibration energy through the damping material layers in the top longitudinal damping layer and the bottom longitudinal damping layer, and converts mechanical vibration into electrical energy through the piezoelectric material layer embedded therein via the positive piezoelectric effect, while actively adjusting the displacement to counteract vibration by utilizing the inverse piezoelectric effect.

[0038] 5. The floor slab-beam connection structure of the present invention, through a tension / compression bidirectional spring system composed of a first damping spring and a second damping spring, when the floor slab vibrates, the damping springs on both sides of the piston plate provide pressure on one side and tension on the other side, thus achieving a damping effect together, enhancing the overall damping effect of the piston, and improving the durability of the piston. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a floor slab-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration reduction unit structure based on a composite vibration reduction floor-beam connection structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the location distribution of beams, floor slabs, and structural columns in a floor-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of vibration reduction units and sensors in a floor slab-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5This is a schematic flowchart of a vibration control method for a floor slab-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating steps R100-R700 of a vibration control method for a floor-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: 1-beam, 2-floor slab, 3-vibration damping unit, 31-upper steel plate, 32-lower steel plate, 33-piston, 331-base, 332-outer cylinder, 333-piston rod, 334-first damping spring, 335-second damping spring, 336-air hole, 34-vertical adjustment structure, 35-top longitudinal damping layer, 36-bottom longitudinal damping layer, 4-monitoring sensor, 5-lateral damping layer, 6-integrated circuit system, 7-structural column, 8-dampening joint. Detailed Implementation

[0046] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0047] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0048] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a floor-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction, including: a vibration reduction unit 3 disposed between a beam 1 and a floor slab 2; a groove is formed along the axial direction on the top surface of the beam 1; a rib is provided on the bottom surface of the floor slab 2 at a position corresponding to the beam 1; the rib is disposed in the groove; the vibration reduction unit 3 is vertically disposed between the bottom surfaces of the rib and the groove; and a lateral vibration reduction layer 5 is also provided between the sides of the rib and the groove, the lateral vibration reduction layer 5 including a damping material layer and a piezoelectric material layer. By using the rib and the groove to reserve an isolation gap between the floor slab 2 and the beam 1, the rigid connection between the floor slab 2 and the beam 1 is eliminated; the vertical displacement generated by floor slab vibration is reduced by the vibration reduction unit 3; and the vibration reduction unit 3 and the lateral vibration reduction layer 5 work together to construct multiple vibration reduction barriers, achieving initial vibration reduction and utilizing vibration for power generation, reducing structural vibration caused by train operation, and significantly improving the comfort of the living environment while ensuring the safety of the building structure.

[0052] The vibration damping unit 3 includes a lower steel plate 32 disposed on the bottom surface of the groove of the beam 1, an upper steel plate 31 disposed on the bottom surface of the convex rib of the floor slab 2, and a piston 33 disposed between the upper steel plate 31 and the lower steel plate 32. A top longitudinal damping layer 35 is also provided between the upper steel plate 31 and the convex rib, and this top longitudinal damping layer 35 also includes a damping material layer and a piezoelectric material layer. A bottom longitudinal damping layer 36 is also provided between the lower steel plate 32 and the groove. The damping material layers in the top longitudinal damping layer 35 and the bottom longitudinal damping layer 36 effectively absorb vibration energy, and the piezoelectric material layer embedded therein converts mechanical vibration into electrical energy through the positive piezoelectric effect. Simultaneously, the inverse piezoelectric effect is used to actively adjust displacement to counteract vibration.

[0053] The lower steel plate 32 is connected to the beam 1 by high-strength bolts, and the upper steel plate 31 is also connected to the floor slab 2 by high-strength bolts.

[0054] The piston 33 includes a base 331 mounted on the lower steel plate 32, an outer cylinder 332 fitted onto the base 331, and a piston rod 333 disposed within the outer cylinder 332. The bottom end of the base 331 is fixed to the lower steel plate 32, and the bottom end of the outer cylinder 332 is also fixedly connected to the lower steel plate 32 and sealed to it. The piston rod 333 is made of shape memory alloy, with a piston plate at one end inside the outer cylinder 332 and the other end extending from the top of the outer cylinder 332 to connect to the upper steel plate 31. A first damping spring 334 is provided between the bottom side of the piston plate and the base 331, and multiple second damping springs 335 are provided between the top side of the piston plate and the top of the outer cylinder 332. The multiple second damping springs 335 are equidistantly arranged around the piston rod 333, forming a second damping spring array. When the piston plate is located in the middle position of the outer cylinder 332, the first damping spring 334 and the second damping spring 335 are in a balanced state. Through the tension / compression bidirectional spring system composed of the first damping spring 334 and the second damping spring 335, when the floor slab 2 vibrates, the damping springs on both sides of the piston plate provide pressure on one side and tension on the other side, thus achieving a vibration reduction effect, enhancing the overall vibration reduction effect of the piston 33, and improving the durability of the piston 33.

[0055] As a further preferred embodiment, a layer of damping material is provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 332, and energy is further dissipated through the friction between the piston plate and the damping material inside the outer cylinder 332.

[0056] The piston plate has multiple air holes 336 circumferentially open, which connects the spaces on both sides of the piston plate, thereby adjusting the air pressure in the outer cylinder 332, preventing the damping material in the outer cylinder 332 from generating an airlock effect due to compression, and improving the response sensitivity of the piston 33 under vibration.

[0057] As a further preferred embodiment, a vertical adjustment structure 34 is provided between the top end of the piston rod 333 and the upper steel plate 31. The vertical adjustment structure 34 is made of piezoelectric material and uses its inverse piezoelectric effect to adjust the vertical displacement again.

[0058] Understandably, in the building structure, beam 1 is divided into horizontal beams and vertical beams, which are connected by structural columns 7. Floor slab 2 is located on beam 1 and structural columns 7. In the prior art, beam 1, floor slab 2, and structural columns 7 are all rigidly connected, which results in vibration that cannot be eliminated. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, floor slab 2 is located at the position of structural column 7 and has a cavity. This cavity is directly fitted onto structural column 7, and a gap 8 is provided between structural column 7 and the inner wall of the cavity as a vibration damping joint. This prevents a direct connection between the two, allowing vibration to be transmitted directly from structural column 7 to beam 1. Finally, vibration damping unit 3 between beam 1 and floor slab 2 eliminates the vibration energy, preventing the vibration energy from being directly transmitted from structural column 7 to floor slab 2, thus rendering the vibration damping unit 3 ineffective and ensuring its effectiveness.

[0059] A monitoring sensor 4 is also provided between the groove and the rib. The monitoring sensor 4 includes an acceleration sensor and a displacement sensor. The acceleration sensor is a vertical acceleration sensor used to monitor the actual vertical acceleration data of the floor slab 2. By comparing the acceleration attenuation rate, the vibration of the floor slab 2 is assessed, thereby detecting abnormal high-frequency vibrations, investigating building hazards caused by vibration, and providing vibration safety early warnings for building operation and maintenance. The displacement sensor monitors the vertical displacement of the beam 1 caused by vibration. Under the influence of train vibration, based on the dynamic response of the beam, the thickness of the piezoelectric material is adjusted in real time using the inverse piezoelectric effect, i.e., displacement, to dynamically cancel the vibration.

[0060] An integrated circuit system 6 is also provided on the lower steel plate 32. The integrated circuit system 6 is connected to all piezoelectric materials and monitoring sensors 4 through wires. It collects the electrical energy generated by the piezoelectric materials during vibration, rectifies and stores it, and then outputs it to the piezoelectric materials through the integrated circuit system 6. The thickness of the materials is adjusted by using the inverse piezoelectric effect to offset part of the vibration, or it is output to the monitoring sensors 4 to power them for monitoring, thereby realizing the recovery and utilization of vibration energy.

[0061] As a further preferred embodiment, the vibration damping units 3 are arranged in multiple rows of at least three along the axial direction of the beam 1; and multiple monitoring sensors 4 are evenly distributed on the beam 1.

[0062] As a further preferred embodiment, the damping material is a composite material of waste tire rubber powder (40-60 mesh) and graphene, which not only improves the damping performance but also realizes the utilization of solid waste.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, this invention provides a vibration control method for a floor-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction, specifically including the following steps:

[0065] S100. When the building structure receives low-frequency vibration energy from the outside, the structural column 7 and beam 1 vibrate and transmit the vibration energy to the connection between beam 1 and floor slab 2.

[0066] S200: The vibration is decomposed into lateral vibration and vertical vibration. The vibration compression damping unit 3 and the lateral damping layer 5 are used to partially eliminate the vertical vibration energy and lateral vibration energy.

[0067] When S300, the extrusion damping unit 3 and the lateral damping layer 5 are compressed, the piezoelectric material therein converts the energy of vibration into electrical energy through the positive piezoelectric effect.

[0068] S400: The vertical displacement generated by beam 1 is monitored by monitoring sensor 4. The voltage output to the piezoelectric material is adjusted according to the displacement, and its thickness is adjusted to achieve dynamic cancellation of vibration.

[0069] S500 monitors the vertical acceleration of floor slab 2 by monitoring sensor 4 and compares the acceleration decay rate to assess the vibration of floor slab 2 and monitor abnormal high-frequency vibrations.

[0070] In step S400, the strain generated in the piezoelectric material under the action of an external voltage is controlled by the inverse piezoelectric equation, specifically:

[0071] ΔL=d 33 ·V

[0072] Where ΔL is the axial displacement generated by the piezoelectric material.

[0073] d 33 The piezoelectric strain constant is

[0074] V is the applied external voltage.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, the dynamic response displacement of the beam is on the order of 10⁻⁴ mm, the piezoelectric material thickness is selected as 1–5 mm, suitable for low-frequency floor slab vibration, the applied external voltage V is 100 V, the piezoelectric material is PZT, and its piezoelectric strain constant d 33 500×10 -12 m / V, at this point, the displacement of the piezoelectric material is:

[0076] ΔL=500×10 -12 ×100=0.05μm

[0077] In practical applications, the minute displacements of piezoelectric materials require multiple layers to counteract floor vibrations. Multilayer piezoelectric ceramics are used; in this embodiment, 10 layers are employed, and their superimposed displacements are as follows:

[0078] ΔL 叠加 =500×10-12 ×100×10=0.5μm

[0079] Where, ΔL 叠加 The displacement is due to the superposition of piezoelectric materials.

[0080] like Figure 6 As shown, as a further preferred approach, since rail transit generally operates at fixed departure times, vibration patterns can be derived through statistical analysis of monitoring data. This allows for advance adjustment of piezoelectric materials to reduce vibration and lower delays. Specifically, in the vibration control of the floor-beam connection structure, a neural network model needs to be established to predict the vibration waveform characteristics when a train passes through historical vibration data. This triggers inverse piezoelectric adjustment 50-100ms in advance, reducing the delay of traditional feedback control to the 5ms level. The historical vibration data is continuously monitored using accelerometers and displacement sensors. Specific steps include:

[0081] R100, Data Acquisition: Set the data acquisition card to connect to the monitoring sensor 4, and collect data from the sensor 4 in real time through the data acquisition card;

[0082] R200, Data Preprocessing: Use filtering algorithms to remove high-frequency noise, retain effective signal frequency components related to rail transit vibration, normalize the data, and scale the data to improve the training efficiency and convergence speed of the neural network model.

[0083] R300, Feature Extraction: Extract feature parameters that reflect the characteristics of vibration waveforms from the preprocessed data, and convert the original high-dimensional vibration data into low-dimensional feature vectors as input to the neural network model;

[0084] R400, Model Building: Select a Long Short-Term Memory network, capture the temporal dependencies in the data, and determine the number of layers in the network and the number of neurons in each layer;

[0085] R500, Model Training: The extracted features are used to train the neural network model. An early stopping strategy is adopted, and training is stopped when the loss on the validation set no longer decreases within a few consecutive training rounds.

[0086] R600, Model Optimization: Validate the trained neural network model using a test set, evaluate the model's predictive performance, and optimize the model based on the validation results;

[0087] R700, Model Control: Continuously acquire data from monitoring sensor 4 and input it into the neural network model. Based on the model's output, control the thickness of the piezoelectric material in advance.

[0088] In step R500, the mean squared error loss function is also used to measure the difference between the model's predicted values ​​and the actual values. Stochastic gradient descent is used to update the network's weights and bias parameters to minimize the value of the loss function.

[0089] Step R700 further includes the following steps:

[0090] R701. Deploy the trained neural network model to the actual operating environment and optimize it to improve the model's inference speed.

[0091] R702 performs rapid preprocessing on real-time acquired data and sets up a data buffer in the output transmission channel to cope with data transmission delays or interruptions.

[0092] R703. Input the preprocessed real-time data into the neural network model. The model performs rapid reasoning based on the learned knowledge and outputs results reflecting the vibration state of rail transit.

[0093] R704. Based on the model's output, and considering the operational requirements of the rail transit system and the characteristics of the piezoelectric material, determine the direction and magnitude of the adjustment required for the piezoelectric material's thickness.

[0094] R705. Establish a feedback mechanism to compare the adjusted vibration data with the model's prediction results, evaluate the effectiveness of the control strategy, and issue an alarm in a timely manner if there is a large deviation between the actual vibration and the model prediction.

[0095] R707. Feed the new vibration data and corresponding control results back to the model to continuously train and update the model, thereby further improving the model's prediction accuracy.

[0096] R708. Adjust and optimize the control strategy to adapt to the dynamic changes of the rail transit system and different operating conditions, so as to achieve more precise control over the thickness of the piezoelectric material.

[0097] In step R704, a control strategy library also needs to be established to store the best control schemes under different vibration conditions, so as to make decisions quickly and accurately.

[0098] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floor slab-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction, characterized in that, include: Beam (1), floor slab (2), and vibration damping unit (3) located between beam (1) and floor slab (2); The top surface of the beam (1) has a groove along its axial direction, and the bottom surface of the floor slab (2) has a rib at the position corresponding to the beam (1). The rib is located in the groove, and the vibration damping unit (3) is vertically located between the rib and the bottom surface of the groove. A lateral damping layer (5) is also provided between the sides of the rib and the groove, the lateral damping layer (5) including a damping material layer and a piezoelectric material layer; The vibration reduction unit (3) includes a lower steel plate (32) disposed on the bottom surface of the groove of the beam (1), an upper steel plate (31) disposed on the bottom surface of the convex rib of the floor slab (2), and a piston (33) disposed between the upper steel plate (31) and the lower steel plate (32), thereby constructing multiple vibration reduction barriers, achieving preliminary vibration reduction and generating electricity by utilizing vibration, and reducing structural vibration caused by train operation.

2. The floor slab-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that, A top longitudinal damping layer (35) is provided between the upper steel plate (31) and the protruding rib. The top longitudinal damping layer (35) also includes a damping material layer and a piezoelectric material layer. A bottom longitudinal damping layer (36) is provided between the lower steel plate (32) and the groove.

3. The floor slab-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The piston (33) includes a base (331) disposed on the lower steel plate (32), an outer cylinder (332) sleeved on the base (331), and a piston rod (333) disposed inside the outer cylinder (332); The bottom end of the base (331) is fixed to the lower steel plate (32), and the bottom end of the outer cylinder (332) is also fixedly connected to the lower steel plate (32) and sealed to the outer cylinder (332); The piston rod (333) is made of shape memory alloy. One end of the piston rod is located inside the outer cylinder (332) and has a piston plate. The other end of the piston rod passes through the top of the outer cylinder (332) and is connected to the upper steel plate (31).

4. The floor slab-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction according to claim 3, characterized in that, A first damping spring (334) is provided between the bottom side of the piston plate and the base (331), and a plurality of second damping springs (335) are provided between the top side of the piston plate and the top of the outer cylinder (332). The plurality of second damping springs (335) are equidistantly arranged around the piston rod (333) to form a second damping spring array. When the piston plate is located in the middle position of the outer cylinder (332), the first damping spring (334) and the second damping spring (335) are in a balanced state.

5. A floor slab-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The piston plate has multiple air holes (336) circumferentially open, which connects the spaces on both sides of the piston plate, thereby adjusting the air pressure in the outer cylinder (332), preventing the damping material in the outer cylinder (332) from generating an airlock effect due to compression, and improving the response sensitivity of the piston (33) under vibration.

6. A floor slab-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The floor slab (2) has a cavity at the position of the structural column (7), and is directly fitted onto the structural column (7) through the cavity; Furthermore, a gap is provided between the structural column (7) and the inner wall of the cavity as a vibration damping joint (8), so that the two are not directly connected, and the vibration is transmitted directly from the structural column (7) to the beam (1). Finally, the vibration energy is eliminated by the vibration damping unit (3) between the beam (1) and the floor slab (2), thus avoiding the vibration energy being directly transmitted from the structural column (7) to the floor slab (2).

7. A floor slab-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, A monitoring sensor (4) is also provided between the groove and the rib, and the monitoring sensor (4) includes an acceleration sensor and a displacement sensor; The acceleration sensor is a vertical acceleration sensor, used to monitor the actual vertical acceleration data of the floor slab (2); The displacement sensor monitors the vertical displacement of the beam (1) due to vibration. Under the influence of train vibration, the thickness of the piezoelectric material is adjusted in real time using the inverse piezoelectric effect based on the dynamic response generated by the beam.

8. A floor slab-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, An integrated circuit system (6) is also provided on the lower steel plate (32). The integrated circuit system (6) is connected to all piezoelectric materials and monitoring sensors (4) through wires. It collects the electrical energy generated by the piezoelectric materials during vibration, rectifies and stores it, and then outputs it to the piezoelectric materials through the integrated circuit system (6). It uses the inverse piezoelectric effect to control the adjustment of its thickness to offset part of the vibration, or outputs it to the monitoring sensors (4) to power them and realize monitoring.

9. A vibration control method for a floor-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction as described in claims 1-8, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: S100. When the building structure receives low-frequency vibration energy from the outside, the structural column (7) and beam (1) vibrate and transmit the vibration energy to the connection between the beam (1) and the floor slab (2). S200, decompose the vibration into lateral vibration and vertical vibration, and use the vibration compression damping unit (3) and the lateral damping layer (5) to partially eliminate the vertical vibration energy and lateral vibration energy; When S300, the extrusion damping unit (3) and the lateral damping layer (5) are compressed, the piezoelectric material therein converts the energy of vibration into electrical energy through the positive piezoelectric effect; S400: Monitor the vertical displacement generated by the beam (1) by monitoring sensor (4), adjust the voltage output to the piezoelectric material according to the displacement, and adjust its thickness to achieve dynamic cancellation of vibration; S500: The vertical acceleration of the floor slab (2) is monitored by the monitoring sensor (4), and the acceleration decay rate is compared to evaluate the vibration of the floor slab (2) and monitor abnormal high-frequency vibration.

10. The vibration control method for a floor-beam connection structure based on composite vibration reduction according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S400, the strain generated in the piezoelectric material under the action of an external voltage is controlled by the inverse piezoelectric equation, specifically: ΔL=d 33 ·V Where ΔL is the axial displacement generated by the piezoelectric material. d 33 The piezoelectric strain constant is V is the applied external voltage.

Images