Stator with adjustable open area and pulse generator

Abstract

The stator comprises a stator body and an adjusting piece which are coaxially arranged, the adjusting piece is arranged at one end of the stator body, the stator body comprises a main body part and a plurality of protruding parts, the protruding parts are arranged in the circumferential direction of the main body part at intervals, and slurry channels are formed among the protruding parts; the adjusting piece comprises a plurality of check blocks which are arranged at intervals in the coaxial circumferential direction, and the number of the check blocks is the same as that of the protruding parts; the check blocks move around the coaxial circumference or move in the radial direction perpendicular to the coaxial radial plane, so that part of the slurry channel is shielded, and the overflowing area is adjusted. The pulse generator comprises a rotor and the stator. The stator provided by the invention can adjust the overflowing area. According to the pulse generator, the rotor can be prevented from being stuck, and the signal accuracy is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of measurement while drilling technology, specifically to a stator with adjustable flow area and a pulse generator. Background Technology

[0002] Measurement while drilling (MWD) technology enables real-time transmission of data such as geological logging parameters, wellbore trajectory parameters, and drilling parameters to a surface monitoring system during the drilling process. Drilling engineers and geological analysis engineers can make timely decisions based on the real-time wellbore trajectory parameters and geological parameters of the formation near the drill bit, adjusting the wellbore trajectory in real time to ensure the drill bit always penetrates the oil and gas reservoir, maximizing the encounter rate and recovery rate. There are various wireless information transmission methods for MWD, among which mud pulse data transmission technology is the most widely used due to its high reliability and economy. The mud pulse signal transmission system utilizes a downhole mud pulse generator to produce a pressure carrier signal of a certain frequency, encoding the signal at its frequency or phase to achieve communication between the downhole and the surface. As exploration and development move towards digitalization and intelligence, various new downhole measurement instruments are emerging. Measurement parameters have evolved from geometric parameters such as well inclination, azimuth, and tool face to multiple engineering and geological parameters such as drilling pressure, vibration, pressure, and resistivity. The demand for transmission rates is increasing, making high-transmission-rate MWD systems an inevitable research direction. Therefore, developing a downhole measurement-while-drilling (MWD) system with highly independent intellectual property rights, capable of high-quality, high-speed transmission, is of great significance to oil drilling operations. Mud pulse wireless MWD transmits signals through changes in mud pressure. The pressure pulse signal is generated by a pulser and driver, transmitted through the mud to the surface, where it is amplified, encoded, and decoded to obtain the required parameters such as well inclination, azimuth, and tool face. Parameter measurement is controlled by switching pumps on and off. Depending on the source of the pressure change, mud pulse wireless MWD can be categorized as continuous wave, positive pulse, or negative pulse.

[0003] The high-speed pulse generator is a crucial component of mud continuous wave measurement-while-drilling (MWD) systems. The pulse generator comprises a stator and a rotor. The rotor rotates relative to the stator at a specific frequency to either block or allow mud flow, thereby generating and transmitting a pressure signal to the surface. The quality of this transmitted pressure signal affects the decoding success rate. Limited by well depth conditions, the required flow area varies depending on the depth. In shallow wells, the rotor is prone to jamming and clogging, necessitating a larger flow area. In deep wells, a larger flow area results in a less pronounced pressure signal, thus requiring a smaller flow area to increase the pressure peak value. Currently, most high-speed pulse generators, once installed, cannot automatically adjust the flow area between the stator and rotor. This makes it difficult to maintain signal accuracy in deep wells while avoiding jamming. Therefore, providing a stator and pulse generator with adjustable flow area is of significant importance.

[0004] Chinese patent application number CN201120059734.9, entitled "A Rotary Downhole Mud Pulse Generator," discloses a pulse generator. This pulse generator consists of a pressure-resistant cylinder, a dedicated motor, a drive shaft assembly, a transition joint, a pressure balancing device, a pulse rotor, a pulse stator, and a pulse valve seat. The drive shaft assembly comprises a motor output shaft, bearings, and bearing fixing nuts. The pressure balancing device consists of a balancing piston, a restoring spring, and a plug. When the pulse generator operates, the dedicated motor drives the pulse rotor to rotate according to instructions. When the mud channels on the pulse rotor are completely misaligned with the mud channels on the pulse stator, the mud flow is obstructed, causing a pressure increase. When the dedicated motor drives the pulse rotor to rotate a certain angle, the mud channels on the pulse rotor and the mud channels on the pulse stator overlap again, the mud pressure decreases, and returns to normal, thus generating a pressure pulse. This pulse generator has advantages such as simple structure, low susceptibility to blockage by sediment or fibrous debris, low manufacturing cost, and high reliability. However, this pulse generator does not have the function of adjusting the flow area. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address at least one of the aforementioned shortcomings of the prior art. For example, one objective of this invention is to provide a stator with an adjustable flow area that has a reasonable structure and can adjust the flow area of ​​the mud channel under different well conditions. Another objective of this invention is to provide a pulse generator with an adjustable flow area that ensures good pressure signal transmission and avoids rotor jamming.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a stator with adjustable flow area. The stator may include a stator body and an adjusting member arranged coaxially. The adjusting member is disposed at one end of the stator body. The stator body includes a main body and a plurality of protrusions. The protrusions are arranged circumferentially along the main body and spaced apart from each other, forming mud channels between the protrusions. The adjusting member includes a plurality of stops arranged circumferentially along the coaxial direction, the number of stops being the same as the number of protrusions. The stops can move circumferentially around the coaxial direction or move radially on a radial plane perpendicular to the coaxial direction to block part of the mud channels and adjust the flow area.

[0007] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the process of the baffle blocking the mud channel may include forming a minimum flow area and a maximum flow area on the radial surface; when the baffle moves circumferentially to form the minimum flow area, the position of each baffle corresponds to the exact midpoint of two adjacent protrusions; when the maximum flow area is formed, the position of each baffle corresponds to the protrusion on the radial surface, and the mud channel is not blocked by the baffle; when the baffle moves radially to form the minimum flow area, the position of each baffle corresponds to the exact midpoint of two adjacent protrusions; when the maximum flow area is formed, the position of each baffle corresponds to the main body on the radial surface, and the mud channel is not blocked by the baffle.

[0008] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, the adjusting member may include a rotating shaft, which is coaxially disposed and connected to the stator body, and the rotating shaft drives a stop block to achieve the circumferential movement; the rotating shaft is rotatably disposed in the central through hole of the main shaft of the stator body, or the rotating shaft is rotatably disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the stator body; when the rotating shaft is rotatably disposed in the central through hole of the main shaft of the stator body, the stop block is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft through a connecting rod; when the rotating shaft is rotatably disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the stator body, the stop block is connected to the inner circumferential surface of the rotating shaft.

[0009] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, when the rotating shaft is rotatably disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the stator body, the rotating shaft can be connected to the stator body via a bearing.

[0010] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, the side of the protrusion facing the adjusting member may be provided with a groove, and the stop block is located in the groove; in the coaxial direction, the thickness of the stop block may be equal to the depth of the groove, and the surface of the stop block is flush with the side of the stator body facing the adjusting member.

[0011] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, when the rotating shaft is rotatably disposed in the axial through hole of the main shaft of the stator body, an elastic member may be disposed in the axial through hole, the elastic member being held between the main body and the rotating shaft and away from the adjusting member.

[0012] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, when the rotating shaft is rotatably disposed in the axial through hole of the main shaft of the stator body, the stator may further include a sleeve, the stator body and the adjusting member are disposed in the sleeve, the inner wall of the sleeve may be provided with an annular groove, and the edge of the stop block is slidably engaged with the annular groove.

[0013] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, a plurality of elastic protrusions may be provided on the sidewall of the annular groove, and a recess is formed between two adjacent elastic protrusions, and the stop block can cooperate with the recess.

[0014] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, when the rotating shaft is rotatably disposed in the axial through hole of the main shaft of the stator body, the stator body may be provided with a receiving cavity, and a driving mechanism may be disposed in the receiving cavity. The driving mechanism is connected to the rotating shaft for driving the adjusting member to rotate.

[0015] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, the drive mechanism may include a servo motor that controls the rotation angle of the adjusting member.

[0016] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, the protrusion may be provided with a groove in the radial direction, and the stop block moves radially along the groove.

[0017] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, the adjusting member may include a fixed shaft and a connecting rod. The fixed shaft is disposed in the axial through hole of the main shaft of the stator body. The stop block is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft through the connecting rod, and the stop block realizes the radial movement along the direction of the connecting rod. The connecting rod is a telescopic rod, or the connecting rod is provided with a sliding groove.

[0018] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, on the radial surface, the protrusion may be a partially fan-shaped structure, wherein the arc length of the outer peripheral surface of the protrusion is greater than the arc length of its inner peripheral surface; the stop may be a partially fan-shaped structure, wherein the arc length of the outer peripheral surface of the stop is greater than the arc length of its inner peripheral surface.

[0019] Another aspect of the present invention provides a pulse generator with adjustable flow area. The pulse generator may include a rotor and a stator with adjustable flow area as described above, wherein the rotor and stator are coaxially arranged, an adjusting member is located between the stator body and the rotor, and the stator body, the adjusting member and the rotor rotate relative to each other; when the rotor rotates, the rotor blades close or release the flow area to generate mud pressure waves.

[0020] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of another aspect of the present invention, the mud channel may include a first mud channel and a second mud channel, wherein the second mud channel is an annular channel space near the axis of the stator body, and the first mud channel is an annular channel space around the outer periphery of the second mud channel. The space of the first mud channel on the radial surface corresponds to the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the rotor and the inner wall of the drill pipe. The process of the stop block blocking the mud channel includes blocking the first mud channel.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least one of the following:

[0022] (1) The stator structure with adjustable flow area proposed in this invention is reasonable and can adjust the flow area in a timely manner.

[0023] (2) The pulse generator with adjustable overcurrent area proposed in this invention can avoid rotor jamming and ensure the accuracy of the transmitted signal. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a pulse generator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the pulse generator from an axial perspective is shown as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 An axial view of the stator of exemplary embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 4 An axial view of another stator of exemplary embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 5 An axial view of the stator of exemplary embodiment 2 of the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the stator body of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0031] Figure 7 It shows Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the middle stator along the AA direction;

[0032] Figure 8 It shows Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the middle sleeve along the BB direction;

[0033] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the stator body of an exemplary embodiment 3 of the present invention is shown;

[0034] Figure 10 An axial view of the stator of exemplary embodiment 4 of the present invention is shown.

[0035] Figure label:

[0036] 1000-Stator, 2000-Rotor, 3000-Drill pipe, 1-Stator body, 11-Main body, 12-Protrusion, 13-Groove, 2-Mud channel, 21-First mud channel, 22-Second mud channel, 3-Adjusting component, 31-Shaft, 31′-Fixed shaft, 32-Stop, 33-Connecting rod, 4-Drive mechanism, 5-Sleeve, 51-Annular groove, 52-Elastic protrusion, 6-Elastic component. Detailed Implementation

[0037] In the following description, an adjustable-area stator and pulse generator of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "middle", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "positive", "negative", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0039] The terms "first," "second," etc., are used merely for ease of description and distinction, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] Exemplary Example 1

[0042] This exemplary embodiment provides a stator with adjustable flow area.

[0043] Figure 3 An axial view of the stator of exemplary embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 An axial view of another stator of exemplary embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the stator body of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 7 It shows Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the middle stator along the AA direction; Figure 8 It shows Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the middle sleeve along the BB direction. The following is combined with... Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figures 6 to 8 This exemplary embodiment describes a stator with adjustable flow area.

[0044] like Figure 3 or Figure 4 As shown, the stator with adjustable flow area may include a stator body 1 and an adjusting member 3 arranged coaxially, with the adjusting member 3 disposed at one end of the stator body 1.

[0045] The stator body 1 includes a main body 11 and several protrusions 12. The protrusions 12 are arranged circumferentially along the main body 11 and spaced apart from each other. The protrusions 12 can be evenly distributed, forming mud channels 2 between them. The extension direction of the mud channels 2 is parallel to the axial direction of the stator body 1. The adjusting member 3 includes several stops 32 arranged circumferentially along the same axis and spaced apart from each other. The stops 32 can be evenly distributed. The number of stops 32 is the same as the number of protrusions 12, so that when blocking the mud channels 2, each stop 32 can be positioned in the gap between the protrusions 12 on the radial plane, and each stop 32 corresponds to each mud channel 2. The adjusting member can move in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the stator body. Specifically, the stops can move circumferentially around the same axis to block part of the mud channels to adjust the flow area. The positional change caused by the movement of the adjusting block relative to the stator, viewed from the axial perspective (with the coaxial line of sight), on a radial plane perpendicular to the coaxial axis, results in the block partially obstructing the channel through which the mud slurry can pass, thus changing the flow area of ​​the channel. It is important to note that regardless of the block's movement, the mud slurry channel will not be completely blocked, and the flow area will not be zero, ensuring that mud pressure waves are generated during the closing and releasing of the mud slurry channel. The stator body and adjusting block described above constitute the basic structure of the stator in this exemplary embodiment.

[0046] In this exemplary embodiment, on a radial plane perpendicular to the coaxial axis, the protrusion may be a partially fan-shaped structure, with the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion greater than the arc length of its inner circumferential surface. Further, the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion may be greater than or equal to the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the stop. The stop may be a partially fan-shaped structure, with the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the stop greater than the arc length of its inner circumferential surface. Further, the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the stop may be greater than or equal to the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the mud channel. When the stop moves circumferentially to adjust the flow area, the flow area after each adjustment is different. That is, in the tangential direction of the adjusting member, the width of the stop gradually decreases along the direction close to the center of the stator body, and the minimum width of the stop is greater than or equal to the minimum width of the cross-section of the mud channel. In the tangential direction of the stator, the width of the protrusion gradually decreases along the direction close to the center of the stator body.

[0047] In this exemplary embodiment, to achieve circumferential movement of the adjusting member, the adjusting member may further include a rotating shaft and a connecting rod. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the rotating shaft 31 is coaxially arranged and connected to the stator body 1, and the rotating shaft 31 drives the stop block 32 to move circumferentially. The adjusting member can move circumferentially around the central axis of the stator body, and the adjusting member rotates relative to the stator body. Specifically, the main shaft of the stator body may have a central through hole, and the rotating shaft of the adjusting member may be a bushing structure, with the rotating shaft rotatably disposed in the central through hole. The stop block 32 can be connected to the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 31 through a connecting rod 33, and the number of stop blocks 32 is the same as the number of connecting rods 33. The multiple stop blocks can change positions as the rotating shaft rotates, changing the degree of obstruction of the mud channel by the stop blocks, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the flow area of ​​the channel.

[0048] In this exemplary embodiment, as Figure 7 As shown, an elastic element 6 can be provided in the axial through hole, and the elastic element 6 abuts between the main body of the stator body 1 and the rotating shaft 31. The elastic element is located on the side of the axial through hole away from the position of the adjusting element.

[0049] In this exemplary embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the stator may also include a sleeve 5. The stator body 1 and the adjusting member 3 are disposed within the sleeve 5.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 As shown, an annular groove 51 may be provided on the inner wall of the sleeve 5. The edge of the stop block is slidably fitted into the annular groove. The annular groove can guide the adjusting component and also support the edge of the adjusting component (stop block) to prevent the adjusting component from deforming under axial pressure.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 8As shown, several elastic protrusions 52 (limiting structures) can be provided on the sidewall of the annular groove 51. A recess can be formed between two adjacent elastic protrusions, and the stop block can cooperate with the recess. The stop block and the sidewall of the annular groove with elastic protrusions can be kept in close contact. Under normal circumstances, the adjusting member can be fixed in position in the circumferential and axial directions under the action of the elastic member and the recess formed by the elastic protrusion. When adjusting the flow area, the adjusting member can be adjusted by the stop block squeezing the elastic protrusion and elastic member and moving out of the recess under the action of the rotational driving force, thereby realizing position adjustment.

[0052] In this exemplary embodiment, as Figure 7 As shown, a receiving cavity may be provided on the stator body 1, and a drive mechanism 4 may be provided inside the receiving cavity. The drive mechanism 4 is connected to the rotating shaft 31 of the adjusting member to drive the adjusting member to rotate.

[0053] Furthermore, the drive mechanism may include a servo motor. By controlling the rotation angle of the adjusting component through the servo motor, the purpose of adjusting the flow area can be achieved.

[0054] In this exemplary embodiment, as Figure 6 As shown, the protrusion 12 may have a groove 13 on the side facing the adjusting member, and the groove 13 is located near the edge of the protrusion 12. A stop block may be positioned within the groove, such that the surface of the stop block is flush with the side of the stator body facing the adjusting member. That is, in the coaxial direction, the thickness of the stop block may be equal to the depth of the groove, making the surface of the stop block flush with the side of the stator body facing the adjusting member. In this way, when the stator of this exemplary embodiment is used in conjunction with the rotor, the gap between the rotor and the stator as a whole in the coaxial direction can be made approximately consistent, preventing excessive local gaps that could reduce pressure and thus improving the pressure signal.

[0055] In this exemplary embodiment, the process of the baffle blocking the mud channel may include: forming a minimum flow area and a maximum flow area on a radial plane perpendicular to the coaxial axis. When the baffle moves circumferentially to form the minimum flow area, the position of each baffle corresponds to the exact midpoint of two adjacent protrusions. This corresponds to... Figure 3 The diagram shows the state of the baffles in the stator. When the baffles move circumferentially to form the maximum flow area, the positions of each baffle coincide with the corresponding protrusions on the radial plane, and the mud channels are not obstructed by the baffles. This corresponds to... Figure 4 The state of the stop block in the stator is shown.

[0056] In this exemplary embodiment, the regulating member has a blocked position and an open position. When the regulating member is in the blocked position, the mud channel forms a first flow area, which is the minimum flow area. When the regulating member is in the open position, the mud channel forms a second flow area, which is the maximum flow area. The first flow area is smaller than the second flow area. Since the first flow area is greater than zero, the regulating member will not completely close the mud channel in the blocked position, ensuring that mud pressure waves can be generated. By setting the regulating member in the blocked or open position, the degree of openness of the mud channel can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the flow area of ​​the mud channel.

[0057] Furthermore, the rotating shaft allows the adjusting member to move between a blocked position and an open position. In the blocked position, the stop block corresponds to the mud channel; in the open position, the stop block can be offset from the mud channel. When the adjusting member is in the blocked position, it can cooperate with the limiting structure to fix its position, thus preventing it from moving arbitrarily under the influence of flowing mud. When the adjusting member is in the blocked position, the stop block can cooperate with the recess, and the elastic protrusions on both sides of the recess can restrict the stop block from rotating circumferentially. The drive mechanism can drive the adjusting member to move between the blocked and open positions. When the adjusting member moves relative to the stator body from the blocked position to the open position, the flow area of ​​the mud channel can gradually increase from the first flow area to the second flow area. When the adjusting member moves relative to the stator body from the open position to the blocked position, the flow area of ​​the mud channel gradually decreases from the second flow area to the first flow area.

[0058] Exemplary Example 2

[0059] This exemplary embodiment provides a stator with adjustable flow area.

[0060] Figure 5 An axial view of the stator of exemplary embodiment 2 of the present invention is shown. The following is in conjunction with... Figure 5 This exemplary embodiment describes a stator with adjustable flow area.

[0061] The stator of this exemplary embodiment may include the same stator body and adjusting block (basic structure of the stator) as in Exemplary Embodiment 1. The stator of this exemplary embodiment differs from the stator of Exemplary Embodiment 1 in that the adjusting block of the stator in this exemplary embodiment achieves circumferential movement in a different structural manner, that is, the adjusting structure of this exemplary embodiment is different from the adjusting structure of Exemplary Embodiment 1.

[0062] Specifically, the stator with adjustable flow area in Exemplary Example 2 may include a stator body and an adjusting member arranged coaxially, with the adjusting member disposed at one end of the stator body. The stator body includes a main body and a plurality of protrusions. The protrusions are arranged circumferentially along the main body and spaced apart from each other. The protrusions may be uniformly distributed, forming mud channels between them. The extension direction of the mud channels is parallel to the axial direction of the stator body. The adjusting member includes a plurality of stops spaced apart coaxially along the circumferential direction. The stops may be uniformly distributed, and the number of stops is the same as the number of protrusions. This ensures that when blocking the mud channels, each stop can be positioned in the gap between the protrusions on the radial plane, thus ensuring that each stop corresponds to each mud channel. The adjusting member can move in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the stator body. Specifically, the stops can move circumferentially around the coaxial direction to block part of the mud channels to adjust the flow area. The positional change caused by the movement of the adjusting block relative to the stator, viewed from the axial perspective (with the coaxial line of sight), on a radial plane perpendicular to the coaxial axis, results in the block partially obstructing the channel through which the mud slurry can pass, thus changing the flow area of ​​the channel. It is important to note that regardless of the block's movement, the mud slurry channel will not be completely blocked, and the flow area will not be zero, ensuring that mud pressure waves are generated during the closing and releasing of the mud slurry channel. The stator body and adjusting block described above constitute the basic structure of the stator in this exemplary embodiment.

[0063] In this exemplary embodiment, to achieve circumferential movement of the adjusting member, the adjusting member may further include a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is coaxially disposed and connected to the stator body. The rotating shaft drives the stop block to achieve circumferential movement, that is, the adjusting member can move circumferentially around the central axis of the stator body, and the adjusting member rotates relative to the stator body. Specifically, as... Figure 5 As shown, the rotating shaft 31 is rotatably mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the stator body. The rotating shaft 31 is mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the annular protrusion, and the stop block 32 is connected to the inner circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 31. The multiple stops can change positions as the rotating shaft rotates, changing the degree of obstruction of the mud channel by the stops, thereby adjusting the flow area of ​​the channel.

[0064] Furthermore, the rotating shaft can be connected to the stator body via bearings.

[0065] In this exemplary embodiment, on a radial plane perpendicular to the coaxial axis, the protrusion may be a partially fan-shaped structure, with the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion greater than the arc length of its inner circumferential surface. Further, the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion may be greater than or equal to the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the stop. The stop may be a partially fan-shaped structure, with the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the stop greater than the arc length of its inner circumferential surface. Further, the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the stop may be greater than or equal to the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the mud channel. When the stop moves circumferentially to adjust the flow area, the flow area after each adjustment is different.

[0066] In this exemplary embodiment, the side of the protrusion facing the adjusting member may have a groove, and the stop block may be located within the groove, so that the surface of the stop block is flush with the side of the stator body facing the adjusting member. That is, in the coaxial direction, the thickness of the stop block may be equal to the depth of the groove, so that the surface of the stop block is flush with the side of the stator body facing the adjusting member. In this way, when the stator of this exemplary embodiment is combined with the rotor, the gap between the rotor and the stator as a whole in the coaxial direction can be made approximately consistent, so as to avoid excessive local gaps that would reduce pressure and thus improve the pressure signal.

[0067] In this exemplary embodiment, the process of the baffles blocking the mud channel may also include: forming a minimum flow area and a maximum flow area on a radial plane perpendicular to the coaxial axis. When the baffles move circumferentially to form the minimum flow area, the position of each baffle corresponds to the exact center of two adjacent protrusions. When the baffles move circumferentially to form the maximum flow area, the positions of each baffle on the radial plane coincide with the protrusions, and the mud channel is not blocked by the baffles.

[0068] In this exemplary embodiment, the regulating member may have a blocked position and an open position. When the regulating member is in the blocked position, the mud channel forms a first flow area, which is the minimum flow area. When the regulating member is in the open position, the mud channel forms a second flow area, which is the maximum flow area. The first flow area is smaller than the second flow area. When the first flow area is greater than zero, the regulating member will not completely close the mud channel in the blocked position, ensuring that mud pressure waves can be generated. By setting the regulating member in the blocked or open position, the degree of openness of the mud channel can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the flow area of ​​the mud channel.

[0069] Exemplary Example 3

[0070] This exemplary embodiment provides a stator with adjustable flow area.

[0071] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the stator body of an exemplary embodiment 3 of the present invention is shown below. (The following is in conjunction with...) Figure 9 This exemplary embodiment describes a stator with adjustable flow area.

[0072] An adjustable stator may include a stator body and an adjusting element arranged coaxially, with the adjusting element located at one end of the stator body.

[0073] The stator body includes a main body and several protrusions. The protrusions are arranged circumferentially along the main body and spaced apart from each other. The protrusions can be evenly distributed, forming mud channels between them. The extension direction of the mud channels is parallel to the axial direction of the stator body. The adjusting component includes several stops spaced apart circumferentially along the coaxial direction. The stops can be evenly distributed, and the number of stops is the same as the number of protrusions. This ensures that when blocking the mud channels, each stop can be positioned in the gap between the protrusions on the radial plane, guaranteeing that each stop corresponds to each mud channel. On the radial plane perpendicular to the coaxial direction (i.e., viewed from the coaxial line of sight), the stops can correspond and coincide with the main body; this can be the initial position of the stops. The adjusting component can move on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the stator body. Specifically, the stops move radially on the radial plane to block part of the mud channels, thereby adjusting the flow area. The positional change caused by the movement of the adjusting block relative to the stator, from an axial perspective (with the coaxial line of sight), results in the block partially obstructing the channel through which the mud slurry can pass, thus changing the flow area of ​​the channel. It is important to note that regardless of the block's movement, the mud slurry channel will not be completely blocked, and the flow area will not be zero, ensuring that mud pressure waves can be generated during the closing and releasing of the mud slurry channel. The stator body and adjusting block described above constitute the basic structure of the stator in this exemplary embodiment.

[0074] In this exemplary embodiment, on a radial plane perpendicular to the coaxial axis, the protrusion may be a partially fan-shaped structure, with the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion greater than the arc length of its inner circumferential surface. Further, the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion may be greater than or equal to the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the stop. The stop may be a partially fan-shaped structure, with the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the stop greater than the arc length of its inner circumferential surface. Further, the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the stop may be greater than or equal to the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the mud channel. When the stop moves circumferentially to adjust the flow area, the flow area after each adjustment is different.

[0075] In this exemplary embodiment, to achieve radial movement of the adjusting member, such as Figure 9 As shown in the exemplary embodiment, the protrusion 12 may be provided with a groove in the radial direction, and the stop block can move radially along the groove.

[0076] In this exemplary embodiment, the process of the baffle blocking the mud channel may include: forming a minimum flow area and a maximum flow area on a radial plane perpendicular to the coaxial axis. When the baffle moves radially to form the minimum flow area, the position of each baffle corresponds to the exact center of two adjacent protrusions, the baffle is spaced a predetermined distance from the main body, and the minimum flow area is formed between the baffle, the main body, and the two adjacent protrusions. When the baffle moves radially to form the maximum flow area, each baffle moves until it corresponds to and coincides with the main body on the radial plane (the baffle is in its initial position), and the mud channel is not blocked by the baffle.

[0077] In this exemplary embodiment, the adjusting member may have a blocked position and an open position (the state when the stop block is in the initial position). When the adjusting member is in the blocked position, the mud channel forms a first flow area, which is the minimum flow area. When the adjusting member is in the open position, the mud channel forms a second flow area, which is the maximum flow area. The first flow area is smaller than the second flow area. When the first flow area is greater than zero, the adjusting member will not completely close the mud channel in the blocked position, ensuring that mud pressure waves can be generated. By setting the adjusting member in the blocked or open position, the degree of openness of the mud channel can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the flow area of ​​the mud channel.

[0078] Exemplary Example 4

[0079] This exemplary embodiment provides a stator with adjustable flow area.

[0080] Figure 10 An axial view of the stator of exemplary embodiment 4 of the present invention is shown. The following is in conjunction with... Figure 10 This exemplary embodiment describes a stator with adjustable flow area.

[0081] The stator of this exemplary embodiment may include the same stator body and adjusting block (basic structure of the stator) as in Exemplary Embodiment 3. The difference between the stator of this exemplary embodiment and the stator of Exemplary Embodiment 3 lies in the structural method by which the adjusting block of this exemplary embodiment achieves radial movement. That is, the adjusting structure of this exemplary embodiment differs from the adjusting structure of Exemplary Embodiment 3.

[0082] Specifically, the stator with adjustable flow area in Exemplary Example 4 may include a stator body and an adjusting member arranged coaxially, with the adjusting member disposed at one end of the stator body. The stator body includes a main body portion and a plurality of protrusions. The protrusions are arranged circumferentially along the main body portion and spaced apart from each other. The protrusions may be uniformly distributed, forming mud channels between them. The extension direction of the mud channels is parallel to the axial direction of the stator body. The adjusting member includes a plurality of stops arranged circumferentially along the coaxial direction and spaced apart from each other. The stops may be uniformly distributed, and the number of stops is the same as the number of protrusions, so that when blocking the mud channels, each stop can be positioned in the gap between the protrusions on the radial plane, ensuring that each stop corresponds to each mud channel. On the radial plane perpendicular to the coaxial direction, i.e., viewed from the coaxial line of sight, the stops may correspond to and coincide with the main body portion; this can be the initial position of the stops. The adjusting member can move on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the stator body. Specifically, the stops move radially on the radial plane to block part of the mud channels to adjust the flow area. The positional change caused by the movement of the adjusting block relative to the stator partially blocks the channel through which the mud can pass in the axial view (i.e., in the radial plane), thus changing the flow area of ​​the channel through which the mud can pass. It should be noted that no matter how the block moves, the mud channel will not be completely blocked, and the flow area will not be zero, ensuring that mud pressure waves can be generated during the process of closing and releasing the mud channel.

[0083] In this exemplary embodiment, to achieve radial movement of the adjusting member, such as Figure 10 As shown in the exemplary embodiment, the adjusting member 3 may further include a fixed shaft 31' and a connecting rod 33, wherein the connecting rod 33 is a telescopic rod. The fixed shaft 31' is disposed in the axial through hole of the main shaft of the stator body 1, and the stop block 32 is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft 31' through the connecting rod 33. The connecting rod 33 can move telescopically, and the stop block 32 can move radially along the direction of the connecting rod 33.

[0084] In this exemplary embodiment, on a radial plane perpendicular to the coaxial axis, the protrusion may be a partially fan-shaped structure, with the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion greater than the arc length of its inner circumferential surface. Further, the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion may be greater than or equal to the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the stop. The stop may be a partially fan-shaped structure, with the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the stop greater than the arc length of its inner circumferential surface. Further, the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the stop may be greater than or equal to the arc length of the outer circumferential surface of the mud channel. When the stop moves circumferentially to adjust the flow area, the flow area after each adjustment is different.

[0085] In this exemplary embodiment, the process of the baffle blocking the mud channel may include: forming a minimum flow area and a maximum flow area on a radial plane perpendicular to the coaxial axis. The minimum flow area and the maximum flow area formed may be the same as those in exemplary embodiment 3.

[0086] In this exemplary embodiment, the adjusting member may have a blocked position and an open position. The blocked position and the open position may be the same as those described in Exemplary Embodiment 3.

[0087] Exemplary Example 5

[0088] This exemplary embodiment provides a stator with adjustable flow area.

[0089] The stator of this exemplary embodiment is substantially the same as the stator described in Exemplary Embodiment 4. The difference is that the connecting rod included in the stator of this exemplary embodiment is not a telescopic rod, but rather the connecting rod is provided with a groove, allowing the stop block to move radially along the connecting rod.

[0090] Exemplary Example 6

[0091] This exemplary embodiment provides a pulse generator with adjustable flow area. The pulse generator with adjustable flow area may include a rotor and a stator with adjustable flow area as described in any of the exemplary embodiments 1 to 5 above.

[0092] The rotor and stator are coaxially arranged, with the adjusting element located between the stator body and the rotor; that is, the end of the stator with the adjusting element is installed face-to-face with the rotor. The stator body, adjusting element, and rotor can rotate relative to each other. Specifically, the stator body does not rotate, the stop of the adjusting element can move to adjust the flow area, and the rotor's drive shaft is rotatably mounted at the central axis of the adjusting element. When the rotor rotates, the rotor blades can close or release the flow area to generate mud pressure waves.

[0093] In this exemplary embodiment, the diameter of the rotor is slightly smaller than the inner wall of the drill rod of the pulse generator to facilitate rotor rotation. Therefore, there is a gap between the outer circumferential surface of the rotor and the inner wall of the drill rod.

[0094] In this exemplary embodiment, it may be as follows Figure 4 As shown, the mud channel 2 may include a first mud channel 21 and a second mud channel 22. The second mud channel 22 is an annular channel space close to the axis of the stator body 1, and the first mud channel 21 is an annular channel space surrounding the second mud channel 22. The space of the first mud channel on the radial plane perpendicular to the coaxial axis corresponds to the gap between the outer circumferential surface of the rotor and the inner wall of the drill pipe. The process of the stop block blocking the mud channel may include blocking the first mud channel.

[0095] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a pulse generator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the pulse generator from an axial perspective is shown as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4An axial view of another stator according to exemplary embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown. The following is in conjunction with... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 A pulse generator with an adjustable current area stator as described in Exemplary Example 1 is described.

[0096] like Figure 1 As shown in example 2, when the pulse generator includes the stator with adjustable flow area as described in exemplary embodiment 1, the pulse generator may include a rotor 2000 and a stator 1000. The rotor 2000 and stator 1000 are coaxially arranged, and the adjusting member 3 is located between the stator body 1 and the rotor 2000. The drill rod 3000 in the pulse generator may be connected to the sleeve 5. Figure 4 As shown, when the adjusting member 3 is in the blocking position, the stop block 32 can at least block the first part of the mud channel 21. "The stop block can at least block the first part of the mud channel" means that the area blocked by the stop block is larger than the area of ​​the first part of the mud channel, such that the stop block blocks both the first part of the mud channel and a portion of the second part of the mud channel. When the stop block is in the blocking position, blocking the first part of the mud channel can provide some obstruction to the gap between the outer circumference of the rotor and the inner wall of the drill pipe, thereby further enhancing the pressure signal.

[0097] In summary, the advantages proposed by this invention include at least one of the following:

[0098] (1) The stator with adjustable flow area proposed in this invention can solve the problems of insufficient signal strength and jamming of pulse generator, without having to take the relevant equipment out of the well for replacement, thus saving construction time.

[0099] (2) The pulse generator with adjustable overcurrent area proposed in this invention can adjust the overcurrent area as needed, increasing the overcurrent area when it is easy to jam, and decreasing the overcurrent area when a higher signal strength is required.

[0100] (3) The pulse generator with adjustable flow area proposed in this invention can have a large flow area in shallow wells and is not easy to clog, and can have a small flow area in deep wells and have a good signal, thus solving the problem that the flow area cannot be adjusted in the prior art, which leads to easy clogging in shallow wells and poor signal accuracy in deep wells.

[0101] Although an adjustable current area stator and pulse generator of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with exemplary embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and changes can be made to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A stator with adjustable current-carrying area, characterized in that, The stator includes a stator body and an adjusting member arranged coaxially, wherein the adjusting member is located at one end of the stator body. The stator body includes a main body and several protrusions. The protrusions are arranged circumferentially along the main body and spaced apart from each other, forming mud channels between the protrusions. The adjusting component includes several stops that are spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction on the same axis, and the number of stops is the same as the number of protrusions; The baffle moves circumferentially around the coaxial axis or radially on a radial plane perpendicular to the coaxial axis to block part of the mud channel in order to adjust the flow area.

2. The stator with adjustable flow area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of the baffle blocking the mud channel includes forming a minimum flow area and a maximum flow area on the radial surface; When the baffle moves circumferentially to form the minimum flow area, the position of each baffle corresponds to the exact center of two adjacent protrusions; when the maximum flow area is formed, the position of each baffle corresponds to the protrusion on the radial plane, and the mud channel is not blocked by the baffle. When the baffle moves radially to form the minimum flow area, the position of each baffle corresponds to the exact center of two adjacent protrusions; when the maximum flow area is formed, the position of each baffle corresponds to the main body on the radial surface, and the mud channel is not blocked by the baffle.

3. The stator with adjustable flow area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting component includes a rotating shaft, which is coaxially arranged with and connected to the stator body. The rotating shaft drives the stop block to achieve the circumferential movement. The rotating shaft is rotatably disposed in the central through hole of the main shaft of the stator body, or the rotating shaft is rotatably disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the stator body; When the rotating shaft is rotatably installed in the central through hole of the main shaft of the stator body, the stop block is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft through a connecting rod; when the rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the outer circumferential surface of the stator body, the stop block is connected to the inner circumferential surface of the rotating shaft.

4. The stator with adjustable flow area according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotating shaft is rotatably disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the stator body, and the rotating shaft is connected to the stator body through a bearing.

5. The stator with adjustable flow area according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protrusion has a groove on the side facing the adjusting member, and the stop block is located in the groove; In the coaxial direction, the thickness of the stop is equal to the depth of the groove, and the surface of the stop is flush with the side of the stator body facing the adjusting member.

6. The stator with adjustable flow area according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the rotating shaft is rotatably disposed in the central through hole of the main shaft of the stator body, an elastic element is disposed in the central through hole, and the elastic element abuts between the main body and the rotating shaft and is away from the adjusting element.

7. The stator with adjustable flow area according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the rotating shaft is rotatably disposed in the axial through hole of the main shaft of the stator body, the stator also includes a sleeve, the stator body and the adjusting component are disposed in the sleeve, the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with an annular groove, and the edge of the stop block is slidably engaged with the annular groove.

8. The stator with adjustable flow area according to claim 7, characterized in that, The annular groove has several elastic protrusions on its sidewalls, and a recess is formed between two adjacent elastic protrusions, which can be engaged with the block.

9. The stator with adjustable flow area according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the rotating shaft is rotatably disposed in the central through hole of the main shaft of the stator body, the stator body is provided with a receiving cavity, and a driving mechanism is provided in the receiving cavity. The driving mechanism is connected to the rotating shaft for transmission to drive the adjusting component to rotate.

10. The stator with adjustable flow area according to claim 9, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a servo motor, which controls the rotation angle of the adjusting component.

11. The stator with adjustable flow area according to claim 1, characterized in that, A groove is provided in the radial direction of the protrusion, and the stop block moves radially along the groove.

12. The stator with adjustable flow area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting component includes a fixed shaft and a connecting rod. The fixed shaft is disposed in the axial through hole of the main shaft of the stator body. The stop block is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the fixed shaft through the connecting rod, and the stop block moves radially along the direction of the connecting rod. The connecting rod is a telescopic rod, or the connecting rod is provided with a sliding groove.

13. The stator with adjustable flow area according to claim 1, characterized in that, On the radial surface, the protrusion has a partially fan-shaped structure, and the arc length of the outer peripheral surface of the protrusion is greater than the arc length of its inner peripheral surface; the stop has a partially fan-shaped structure, and the arc length of the outer peripheral surface of the stop is greater than the arc length of its inner peripheral surface.

14. A pulse generator with adjustable current area, characterized in that, The pulse generator includes a rotor and a stator with adjustable flow area as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein, The rotor and stator are coaxially arranged, and the adjusting component is located between the stator body and the rotor, so that the stator body, the adjusting component and the rotor can rotate relative to each other; As the rotor rotates, the rotor blades close or release the flow area to generate mud pressure waves.

15. The pulse generator with adjustable flow area according to claim 14, characterized in that, The mud channel includes a first mud channel and a second mud channel. The second mud channel is an annular channel space close to the axis of the stator body. The first mud channel is an annular channel space around the outer periphery of the second mud channel. The space of the first mud channel on the radial surface corresponds to the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the rotor and the inner wall of the drill pipe. The process of the stop block blocking the mud channel includes blocking the first mud channel.

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