Shield tunneling machine cutterhead abrasion on-line measuring device based on intelligent sensor

Abstract

The invention provides a shield tunneling machine cutterhead abrasion online measuring device based on an intelligent sensor, and belongs to the technical field of shield tunneling machine cutterhead abrasion monitoring. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead abrasion online measuring device comprises a shield tunneling machine body, one end of the shield tunneling machine body is rotationally connected with a cutterhead assembly, the cutterhead assembly comprises a cutterhead frame, and the cutterhead frame is rotationally connected with multiple sets of center cutters; the cutter head frame is further provided with two sets of scraping strips and further rotationally connected with a plurality of sets of hob assemblies, and the hob assemblies are evenly distributed on the outer side of the center cutter. According to the device, blade abrasion data can be measured online through the ultrasonic sensor, construction safety is guaranteed, meanwhile, a perfect blade cleaning system is arranged, soil on a blade can be washed off, interference to abrasion measurement precision is reduced, a dual-cleaning mechanism is arranged for the ultrasonic sensor, it is guaranteed that the ultrasonic sensor is in a good working environment, and the service life of the ultrasonic sensor is prolonged. And meanwhile, the cleaning guarantee can be continuously provided for the ultrasonic sensor through automatic circulating cleaning, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine cutterhead wear monitoring technology, specifically to an online measurement device for tunnel boring machine cutterhead wear based on intelligent sensors. Background Technology

[0002] A tunnel boring machine (TBM) is a high-end engineering machine for tunnel excavation that integrates optics, mechanics, electronics, hydraulics, sensing, and information technology. Its core function is to construct tunnel support structures (segmentation) while excavating, achieving integrated "excavation and support" operations. The TBM cutterhead is a steel structure and cutter assembly located at the front end of the TBM. It excavates the entire cross-section of the strata through rotation or other motion. The cutterhead's cutters are in direct contact with the soil or gravel and are easily worn by hard particles during the cutting process. After the cutterhead wears down, the cutting ability of the cutters decreases, resulting in a slower tunneling speed of the TBM under the same thrust, which will seriously affect work efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the wear of the cutterhead regularly. Currently, the main methods for measuring cutterhead wear include manual inspection and sensor measurement. Manual inspection involves manually entering the chamber after the machine is stopped to check each cutter individually. However, this method carries a high risk and may cause the excavation face to collapse, affecting the safety of surrounding buildings. While sensor measurement can avoid the dangers of manual inspection, during tunnel boring machine operation, the blades continuously accumulate a large amount of soil and other impurities. These deposits not only accelerate blade wear and shorten their service life, but also severely interfere with the measurement accuracy of the sensors, leading to inaccurate sensor data. At the same time, during the excavation process, the cutterhead also rotates continuously. The simultaneous rotation of the cutterhead and the cutterhead can easily throw soil and other impurities onto the sensor surface. These impurities can hinder the normal operation of the sensors, affecting their stable and accurate acquisition of cutterhead wear data, thereby reducing the reliability and effectiveness of the entire measurement device. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an online measurement device for cutterhead wear of tunnel boring machines based on intelligent sensors, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an online measurement device for cutterhead wear of a tunnel boring machine based on intelligent sensors, comprising a tunnel boring machine body, a cutterhead assembly rotatably connected to one end of the tunnel boring machine body, the cutterhead assembly comprising a cutterhead frame, a plurality of central cutters rotatably connected to the cutterhead frame, two sets of scraper strips also provided on the cutterhead frame, and a plurality of roller cutter assemblies rotatably connected to the cutterhead frame, the plurality of roller cutter assemblies being evenly distributed on the outer side of the central cutters, and each set of roller cutter assemblies being provided with two sets of measuring components; Each set of the hobbing cutter assembly is also provided with a pretreatment component for pre-processing the hobbing cutter assembly and the measuring assembly before testing. The pretreatment component includes two sets of cutter flushing components, two sets of pre-cleaning components and two sets of scraping components disposed on both sides of the inner wall of the hobbing cutter assembly. The two sets of pre-cleaning components are respectively connected to the adjacent scraping components. A drive component is rotatably connected to each of the two sets of cutter flushing components. The output end of the two sets of drive components is respectively connected to the adjacent pre-cleaning component.

[0005] Preferably, the hobbing cutter assembly includes a cutter box, which is fixedly connected to the cutter head holder. A blade is rotatably connected in the cutter box. Two sets of cutter flushing assemblies are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the cutter box. Measuring chambers are provided in the inner walls on both sides of the cutter box. The two sets of measuring assemblies, the two sets of pre-cleaning assemblies, and the two sets of scraping assemblies are located in adjacent measuring chambers. A drainage groove is provided at the bottom of each set of measuring chambers.

[0006] Preferably, the cutter flushing assembly includes a water supply pipe, the inlet of which is connected to a water source inside the tunnel boring machine body, the outlet of which passes through the cutter box and extends into the cutter box, the extension of which is fixedly connected to a connecting box, and the connecting box is connected to the water supply pipe, a transmission turbine is rotatably connected in the connecting box, the connecting box is connected to a drive assembly through the transmission turbine, the outlet of which is connected to a connecting pipe, the other end of which is connected to a connecting frame, the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cutter box, and multiple sets of high-pressure nozzles are fixedly connected to the connecting frame, with each set of high-pressure nozzles spraying towards the cutter blade.

[0007] Preferably, the measuring assembly includes an ultrasonic sensor and a processor. The ultrasonic sensor is fixedly connected inside the measuring cavity, and the processor is fixedly connected to the side of the tool box near the tool disc assembly. The ultrasonic sensor and the processor are connected via a signal line. The pre-cleaning assembly is located on one side of the inner wall of the measuring cavity, and the output end of the pre-cleaning assembly faces the surface of the ultrasonic sensor. The scraping assembly is rotatably connected to the inner wall on the other side of the measuring cavity, and the scraping assembly is located between the ultrasonic sensor and the pre-cleaning assembly.

[0008] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a drive disk rotatably connected to the inner wall of the blade box, and the drive disk is connected to the transmission turbine inside the communicating box via a connecting shaft. A grooved wheel is also rotatably connected inside the blade box, and the grooved wheel has multiple slots. A drive rod that matches the slots is fixedly connected to the top of the drive disk. An incomplete gear is also fixedly connected to the top of the grooved wheel, and the incomplete gear is connected to the pre-cleaning assembly. The bottom of the grooved wheel is also fitted with a torsion spring, with one end of the torsion spring fixed to the grooved wheel and the other end fixed to the inner wall of the tool box.

[0009] Preferably, the pre-cleaning assembly includes a synchronizing gear, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the tool box and is located on one side of the grooved wheel and meshes with the teeth on the grooved wheel. A synchronizing disc is fixedly connected to the top of the synchronizing gear, and a push rod is fixedly connected to the top of the synchronizing disc. A synchronizing frame is sleeved on the push rod and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the tool box.

[0010] Preferably, the pre-cleaning assembly further includes a piston cylinder fixedly connected to the blade box, a piston rod slidably connected in the piston cylinder, and the end of the piston rod away from the piston cylinder is fixed to the side wall of the synchronization frame; The piston cylinder is also connected to an input pipe and an output pipe. One-way valves are provided at the ends of the input pipe and the output pipe near the piston cylinder. The input pipe is connected to the water supply source inside the shield machine body. The end of the output pipe away from the piston cylinder passes through the cutter box and extends into the measuring chamber. A spray head is fixedly connected to the extended end of the output pipe, and the spray head is fixedly connected in the measuring chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the scraping assembly includes a synchronous shaft, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the blade box and fixed to a synchronous gear via a connecting shaft. A drive plate is also fixedly connected to the synchronous shaft, and a first connector is rotatably connected to one end of the drive plate away from the synchronous shaft. A second connector is fixedly connected to the other end of the first connector. The scraping assembly also includes a scraper rotatably connected to the inner wall of the tool box, with one end of the scraper penetrating the inner wall of the tool box and extending into the measuring cavity, and the end of the second connector near the scraper rotatably connected to the scraper.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application include: In this invention, an ultrasonic sensor is provided, which can measure the blades in real time when the main body of the tunnel boring machine starts and drives the cutterhead frame to rotate. This online measurement method does not require stopping the machine to disassemble the cutterhead, and can obtain blade wear data in a timely manner, providing accurate information for construction, effectively avoiding construction accidents caused by excessive blade wear that is not detected in time, and ensuring the safety and stability of tunnel boring machine construction. Meanwhile, the present invention is equipped with a complete blade cleaning system. After starting, two sets of water supply pipes pump water to the connecting box and connecting pipe. The water flow impacts the transmission turbine in the connecting box, causing it to rotate, and then delivers water to the connecting frame and high-pressure nozzle, and finally sprays it on the blade, quickly washing off the soil on the blade. This ensures that the blade remains clean during operation, reduces the interference of soil adhesion on the blade wear measurement accuracy, and extends the blade service life. Furthermore, the rotation of the transmission turbine can drive a series of mechanical structures to operate, causing the water in the piston cylinder to be pumped to the spray head through the output pipe. The water sprayed from the spray head washes away soil and other impurities on the surface of the ultrasonic sensor. In addition, the rotation of the synchronous gear drives the synchronous shaft and drive plate, causing the scraper to scrape along the surface of the ultrasonic sensor from top to bottom, further removing surface moisture and residual impurities. This dual cleaning mechanism ensures that the ultrasonic sensor is always in a good working environment, stably and accurately acquiring cutter head wear data.

[0013] Meanwhile, when the water in the piston cylinder is sprayed out, the push rod will pull the timing frame to move, causing the piston rod to extend out of the piston cylinder. At this time, the input pipe will inject water back into the piston cylinder, preparing for the next round of cleaning. This automatic circulation mechanism does not require manual intervention and can continuously provide cleaning protection for the cutter head and ultrasonic sensors, greatly improving work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 A first-view schematic diagram of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cutter head assembly in this invention is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the hobbing cutter assembly in this invention is shown. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the hobbing cutter assembly in this invention is shown. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the tool flushing assembly in this invention is shown; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure inside the measuring cavity in this invention is shown; Figure 7 A partial structural schematic of the drive component and pre-cleaning component in this invention is shown. Figure 1 ; Figure 8 A partial structural schematic of the drive assembly and pre-cleaning assembly in this invention is shown. Figure 2 ; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the drive component and pre-cleaning component in this invention is shown; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the scraping assembly in this invention is shown.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Main body of the tunnel boring machine; 2. Cutterhead assembly; 21. Cutterhead holder; 22. Scraper blade; 23. Center cutter; 3. Roller cutter assembly; 31. Cutter box; 32. Blade; 33. Measuring chamber; 34. Drainage trough; 4. Cutter flushing assembly; 41. Water supply pipe; 42. Connecting box; 43. Connecting pipe; 44. Connecting frame; 45. High-pressure nozzle; 5. Measuring assembly; 51. Ultrasonic sensor; 52. Processor; 6. Drive assembly; 61. Drive 62. Disc; 63. Grooved wheel; 64. Drive rod; 65. Groove; 66. Incomplete gear; 77. Torsion spring; 88. Pre-cleaning assembly; 99. Synchronizing gear; 100. Synchronizing disc; 11. Push rod; 12. Synchronizing frame; 13. Piston cylinder; 14. Piston rod; 15. Input pipe; 16. Output pipe; 17. Spray head; 18. Scraper assembly; 19. Synchronizing shaft; 20. Drive plate; 21. First connector; 22. Second connector; 33. Scraper. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0017] Please see Figures 1 to 10 This invention provides a technical solution for an online measurement device for cutterhead wear of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) based on intelligent sensors: The device includes a TBM body 1, with a cutterhead assembly 2 rotatably connected to one end of the TBM body 1. The cutterhead assembly 2 includes a cutterhead frame 21, on which multiple sets of central cutters 23 are rotatably connected. The cutterhead frame 21 also has two sets of scraper blades 22, and multiple sets of roller cutter assemblies 3 are rotatably connected to the cutterhead frame 21. The multiple sets of roller cutter assemblies 3 are evenly distributed on the outer side of the central cutters 23. Each set of hobbing assembly 3 is equipped with two sets of measuring components 5. Each set of hobbing assembly 3 is also equipped with a pretreatment component for pre-processing the hobbing assembly 3 and measuring components 5 before testing. The pretreatment component includes two sets of tool flushing components 4, two sets of pre-cleaning components 7 and two sets of scraping components 8, which are set on both sides of the inner wall of the hobbing assembly 3. The two sets of pre-cleaning components 7 are respectively connected to the adjacent scraping components 8. The two sets of tool flushing components 4 are rotatably connected to the driving components 6. The output ends of the two sets of driving components 6 are respectively connected to the adjacent pre-cleaning components 7. Specifically, during use, when the main body 1 of the tunnel boring machine starts and drives the cutterhead frame 21 to rotate for work, the cutter flushing component 4 and the measuring component 5 start simultaneously. The cutter flushing component 4 washes off the soil and other residues on the cutterhead assembly 3. After being flushed by the cutter flushing component 4, the cutterhead assembly 3 is measured by the measuring component 5. By using the cutter flushing component 4, soil and gravel on the cutterhead assembly 3 can be flushed off during the operation of the tunnel boring machine body 1, reducing the wear of the cutterhead flushing component 4 on the cutterhead flushing component 4. At the same time, by cleaning before measuring, the accuracy and precision of the measurement can be guaranteed, and errors can be reduced. Meanwhile, the pre-cleaning component 7 and the scraping component 8 installed at the measuring component 5 can clean the measuring component 5 at the same time during measurement, ensuring the measurement accuracy of the measuring component 5.

[0018] As an optimized solution for an online measurement device for cutterhead wear of a tunnel boring machine based on intelligent sensors, the cutterhead assembly 3 includes a cutter box 31, which is fixedly connected to the cutterhead frame 21. A blade 32 is rotatably connected within the cutter box 31. Two sets of cutter flushing assemblies 4 are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the cutter box 31. Measuring chambers 33 are provided in the inner walls on both sides of the cutter box 31. Two sets of measuring assemblies 5, two sets of pre-cleaning assemblies 7, and two sets of scraping assemblies 8 are located in adjacent measuring chambers 33. A drainage trough 34 is provided at the bottom of each measuring chamber 33. The cutter flushing assembly 4 includes a water supply pipe 41. The inlet end of the water supply pipe 41 is connected to a water source inside the tunnel boring machine body 1. The outlet end of the water supply pipe 41 passes through the cutter box 31 and extends into the cutter box 31. A connecting box 42 is fixedly connected to the extension end of the water supply pipe 41, and the connecting box 42 is connected to the water supply pipe 41. A transmission turbine is rotatably connected within the connecting box 42. 2 is connected to the drive assembly 6 via a transmission turbine. The water outlet of the connecting box 42 is connected to a connecting pipe 43, and the other end of the connecting pipe 43 is connected to a connecting frame 44. The connecting frame 44 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the blade box 31, and multiple sets of high-pressure nozzles 45 are fixedly connected to the connecting frame 44. The spraying direction of each set of high-pressure nozzles 45 is towards the blade 32. The measuring assembly 5 includes an ultrasonic sensor 51 and a processor 52. The ultrasonic sensor 51 is fixedly connected to the measuring cavity 33, and the processor 52 is fixedly connected to the side of the blade box 31 near the blade assembly 2. The ultrasonic sensor 51 and the processor 52 are connected via a signal line. The pre-cleaning assembly 7 is located on one side of the inner wall of the measuring cavity 33, and the output end of the pre-cleaning assembly 7 faces the surface of the ultrasonic sensor 51. The scraping assembly 8 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the other side of the measuring cavity 33, and the scraping assembly 8 is located between the ultrasonic sensor 51 and the pre-cleaning assembly 7. Specifically, during use, when the cutter head 21 rotates to work, the two sets of water supply pipes 41 are opened, allowing water to flow through the water supply pipes 41 and be pumped into the connecting box 42 and the connecting pipe 43. When the water flows through the connecting box 42, the transmission turbine inside the connecting box 42 starts to rotate under the impact force of the water flow. The water discharged through the connecting box 42 is transported through the connecting pipe 43 to the connecting frame 44 and the high-pressure nozzle 45, and is sprayed onto the blade 32 through the high-pressure nozzle 45, washing off the soil on the blade 32. When the transmission turbine inside the connecting box 42 rotates, the transmission turbine simultaneously drives the drive assembly 6 to start, and the drive assembly 6 drives the pre-cleaning assembly 7 and the scraping assembly 8 to start intermittently to clean the ultrasonic sensor 51. By setting an intermittent cleaning method, the number of cleaning operations can be reduced while ensuring the cleaning effect, thereby reducing wear on the surface of the ultrasonic sensor 51. The ultrasonic sensor 51 measures the thickness or wear of the cutter head by utilizing the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves in the medium. It has been widely used in tunnel boring machine wear detection, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0019] As a further optimization, the drive assembly 6 includes a drive disc 61, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the tool box 31. The drive disc 61 is connected to the transmission turbine in the connecting box 42 via a connecting shaft. A grooved wheel 62 is also rotatably connected inside the tool box 31. The grooved wheel 62 has multiple slots 64. A drive rod 63 that matches the slots 64 is fixedly connected to the top of the drive disc 61. An incomplete gear 65 is also fixedly connected to the top of the grooved wheel 62 and is connected to the pre-cleaning assembly 7. A torsion spring 66 is also fitted at the bottom of the grooved wheel 62, and one of the torsion springs 66... One end is fixed to the grooved wheel 62, and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the tool box 31. The pre-cleaning assembly 7 includes a synchronizing gear 71, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the tool box 31. The synchronizing gear 71 is located on one side of the grooved wheel 62 and meshes with the teeth on the grooved wheel 62. A synchronizing disc 72 is fixedly connected to the top of the synchronizing gear 71, and a push rod 73 is fixedly connected to the top of the synchronizing disc 72. A synchronizing frame 74 is sleeved on the push rod 73 and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the tool box 31. The pre-cleaning assembly 7 also includes a piston cylinder 75 fixedly connected to the inside of the tool box 31. A piston rod 76 is slidably connected, and the end of the piston rod 76 away from the piston cylinder 75 is fixed to the side wall of the synchronous frame 74. An input pipe 77 and an output pipe 78 are also connected to the piston cylinder 75. One-way valves are installed at the ends of both the input pipe 77 and the output pipe 78 near the piston cylinder 75. The input pipe 77 is connected to a water supply source inside the shield machine body 1. The end of the output pipe 78 away from the piston cylinder 75 passes through the cutter box 31 and extends into the measuring chamber 33. A spray head 79 is fixedly connected to the extended end of the output pipe 78, and the spray head 79 is fixedly connected to the measuring chamber 33. The scraping assembly 8 includes a synchronous shaft 81. The synchronous shaft 81 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the tool box 31, and the synchronous shaft 81 is fixed to the synchronous gear 71 through the connecting shaft. The drive plate 82 is also fixedly connected to the synchronous shaft 81. The end of the drive plate 82 away from the synchronous shaft 81 is rotatably connected to the first connector 83, and the other end of the first connector 83 is fixedly connected to the second connector 84. The scraping assembly 8 also includes a scraper 85 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the tool box 31, and one end of the scraper 85 penetrates the inner wall of the tool box 31 and extends into the measuring cavity 33. The end of the second connector 84 near the scraper 85 is rotatably connected to the scraper 85.

[0020] Specifically, when the transmission turbine inside the connecting box 42 rotates, the output end of the transmission turbine drives the drive disk 61 to rotate through the connecting shaft. When the drive disk 61 rotates, the drive rod 63 on it inserts into a set of slots 64 on the grooved wheel 62 and pushes the grooved wheel 62 to rotate through the slots 64. When the grooved wheel 62 rotates, it simultaneously drives the incomplete gear 65 to rotate, so that the teeth on the incomplete gear 65 mesh with the synchronous gear 71 and drive the synchronous gear 71 to rotate. When the synchronous gear 71 rotates, it drives the synchronous disk 72 to rotate, causing the push rod 73 on the synchronous disk 72 to push the synchronous frame 74 to move. When the synchronous frame 74 moves, it squeezes the piston rod 76, pushing the piston rod 76 into the piston cylinder 75, so that the water in the piston cylinder 75 is pumped into the spray head 79 through the output pipe 78 and sprayed out through the spray head 79. The water sprayed from the spray head 79 sprays onto the ultrasonic sensor 51, washing away the soil and other debris that are thrown onto the surface of the ultrasonic sensor 51 when the cutter head 21 and the blade 32 rotate. After the water in the piston cylinder 75 is sprayed out, the push rod 73 begins to pull the timing frame 74 to move away from the piston cylinder 75, so that the piston rod 76 extends out of the piston cylinder 75. At this time, the inlet pipe 77 injects water back into the piston cylinder 75, ready for the next round of cleaning. Simultaneously, when the synchronous gear 71 rotates, it drives the synchronous shaft 81 to rotate, which in turn drives the drive plate 82 to rotate. When the drive plate 82 rotates, it first pulls the first connector 83 and the second connector 84 to move. The second connector 84 pulls the scraper 85 to move, allowing the scraper 85 to flip along the shaft between itself and the tool box 31. When the scraper 85 flips, it scrapes the surface of the ultrasonic sensor 51 from top to bottom, removing water and other substances from the ultrasonic sensor 51. When the drive plate 82 rotates to move upward, it pushes the first connector 83 and the second connector 84 to move upward, causing the second connector 84 to push the scraper 85 to flip upward, thus resetting the scraper 85. When the grooved wheel 62 rotates under the drive of the incomplete gear 65, the torsion spring 66 between the grooved wheel 62 and the tool box 31 is compressed and stores energy. When the drive disc 61 rotates until the drive rod 63 disengages from the slot 64, the torsion spring 66 rebounds and resets. The grooved wheel 62 rotates in the opposite direction and resets under the drive of the torsion spring 66, so that the pre-cleaning component 7 and the scraping component 8 can perform a cleaning operation again.

[0021] The working principle of this online measurement device for tunnel boring machine cutterhead wear based on intelligent sensors: When the shield machine body 1 starts and drives the cutterhead frame 21 to rotate for operation, the ultrasonic sensor 51 is activated to measure the blade 32. The two sets of water supply pipes 41 are opened to pump water through the water supply pipes 41 into the connecting box 42 and the connecting pipe 43. When the water flows through the connecting box 42, the transmission turbine inside the connecting box 42 starts to rotate under the impact force of the water flow. The water discharged through the connecting box 42 is transported to the connecting frame 44 and the high-pressure nozzle 45 through the connecting pipe 43, and sprayed onto the blade 32 through the high-pressure nozzle 45 to wash off the soil on the blade 32. When the transmission turbine inside the connecting box 42 rotates, the output end of the transmission turbine drives the drive disc 61 to rotate through the connecting shaft. When the drive disc 61 rotates, the drive rod 63 on it inserts into a set of slots 64 on the grooved wheel 62 and pushes the grooved wheel 62 to rotate through the slots 64. When the grooved wheel 62 rotates, it simultaneously drives the incomplete gear 65 to rotate, so that the teeth on the incomplete gear 65 mesh with the synchronous gear 71 and drive the synchronous gear 71 to rotate. When the synchronous gear 71 rotates, it drives the synchronous disk 72 to rotate, causing the push rod 73 on the synchronous disk 72 to push the synchronous frame 74 to move. When the synchronous frame 74 moves, it squeezes the piston rod 76, pushing the piston rod 76 into the piston cylinder 75, so that the water in the piston cylinder 75 is pumped into the spray head 79 through the output pipe 78 and sprayed out through the spray head 79. The water sprayed from the spray head 79 sprays onto the ultrasonic sensor 51, washing away the soil and other debris that are thrown onto the surface of the ultrasonic sensor 51 when the cutter head 21 and the blade 32 rotate. After the water in the piston cylinder 75 is sprayed out, the push rod 73 begins to pull the timing frame 74 to move away from the piston cylinder 75, so that the piston rod 76 extends out of the piston cylinder 75. At this time, the inlet pipe 77 injects water back into the piston cylinder 75, ready for the next round of cleaning. When the synchronous gear 71 rotates, it simultaneously drives the synchronous shaft 81 to rotate, which in turn drives the drive plate 82 to rotate. The rotation of the drive plate 82 pulls the first connector 83 and the second connector 84 to move. The second connector 84 pulls the scraper 85 to move, allowing the scraper 85 to rotate along the shaft between itself and the tool box 31. When the scraper 85 rotates, it scrapes the surface of the ultrasonic sensor 51 from top to bottom, removing water and other substances from the ultrasonic sensor 51. When the grooved wheel 62 rotates under the drive of the incomplete gear 65, the torsion spring 66 between the grooved wheel 62 and the tool box 31 is compressed and stores energy. When the drive disc 61 rotates until the drive rod 63 disengages from the slot 64, the torsion spring 66 rebounds and resets. The grooved wheel 62 rotates in the opposite direction and resets under the drive of the torsion spring 66, so that the pre-cleaning component 7 and the scraping component 8 can perform a cleaning operation again.

[0022] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that many modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An online measurement device for cutterhead wear of a tunnel boring machine based on intelligent sensors, comprising a tunnel boring machine body (1), wherein a cutterhead assembly (2) is rotatably connected to one end of the tunnel boring machine body (1), characterized in that: The cutter head assembly (2) includes a cutter head holder (21), on which multiple sets of central cutters (23) are rotatably connected. The cutter head holder (21) is also provided with two sets of scrapers (22). The cutter head holder (21) is also rotatably connected with multiple sets of hobbing assemblies (3). The multiple sets of hobbing assemblies (3) are evenly distributed on the outside of the central cutters (23). Each set of hobbing assemblies (3) is provided with two sets of measuring components (5). Each of the roller cutter assemblies (3) is also provided with a pretreatment assembly for pre-processing the roller cutter assembly (3) and the measuring assembly (5) before testing. The pretreatment assembly includes two sets of tool flushing assemblies (4), two sets of pre-cleaning assemblies (7) and two sets of scraping assemblies (8) disposed on both sides of the inner wall of the roller cutter assembly (3). The two sets of pre-cleaning assemblies (7) are respectively connected to the adjacent scraping assemblies (8). The two sets of tool flushing assemblies (4) are rotatably connected with driving assemblies (6). The output ends of the two sets of driving assemblies (6) are respectively connected to the adjacent pre-cleaning assemblies (7).

2. The shield machine cutterhead wear online measurement device based on intelligent sensors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rolling cutter assembly (3) includes a cutter box (31), which is fixedly connected to the cutter disc holder (21). A blade (32) is rotatably connected in the cutter box (31). Two sets of the cutter flushing assemblies (4) are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the cutter box (31). A measuring chamber (33) is provided in the inner walls on both sides of the cutter box (31). Two sets of measuring assemblies (5), two sets of pre-cleaning assemblies (7), and two sets of scraping assemblies (8) are located in adjacent measuring chambers (33). A drainage groove (34) is provided at the bottom of each set of measuring chambers (33).

3. The shield machine cutterhead wear online measurement device based on intelligent sensors according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cutter flushing assembly (4) includes a water supply pipe (41). The inlet end of the water supply pipe (41) is connected to the water supply source inside the shield machine body (1). The outlet end of the water supply pipe (41) passes through the cutter box (31) and extends into the cutter box (31). The extension end of the water supply pipe (41) is fixedly connected to a connecting box (42), and the connecting box (42) is connected to the water supply pipe (41). A transmission turbine is rotatably connected in the connecting box (42). The connecting box (42) is connected to the drive assembly (6) through the transmission turbine. The outlet end of the connecting box (42) is connected to a connecting pipe (43). The other end of the connecting pipe (43) is connected to a connecting frame (44). The connecting frame (44) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cutter box (31), and multiple sets of high-pressure nozzles (45) are fixedly connected on the connecting frame (44). The spraying direction of each set of high-pressure nozzles (45) is towards the blade (32).

4. The shield machine cutterhead wear online measurement device based on intelligent sensors according to claim 2, characterized in that: The measuring component (5) includes an ultrasonic sensor (51) and a processor (52). The ultrasonic sensor (51) is fixedly connected inside the measuring cavity (33). The processor (52) is fixedly connected to the side of the tool box (31) near the tool disc assembly (2). The ultrasonic sensor (51) and the processor (52) are connected by a signal line. The pre-cleaning component (7) is located on one side of the inner wall of the measuring cavity (33). The output end of the pre-cleaning component (7) faces the surface of the ultrasonic sensor (51). The scraping component (8) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the other side of the measuring cavity (33). The scraping component (8) is located between the ultrasonic sensor (51) and the pre-cleaning component (7).

5. The shield machine cutterhead wear online measurement device based on intelligent sensors according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive assembly (6) includes a drive disk (61), which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the blade box (31). The drive disk (61) is connected to the transmission turbine in the connecting box (42) via a connecting shaft. A grooved wheel (62) is also rotatably connected inside the blade box (31). The grooved wheel (62) has multiple slots (64). A drive rod (63) that matches the slots (64) is fixedly connected to the top of the drive disk (61). An incomplete gear (65) is also fixedly connected to the top of the grooved wheel (62). The incomplete gear (65) is connected to the pre-cleaning assembly (7). The bottom of the grooved wheel (62) is also fitted with a torsion spring (66), and one end of the torsion spring (66) is fixed to the grooved wheel (62), and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the tool box (31).

6. The shield machine cutterhead wear online measurement device based on intelligent sensors according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pre-cleaning component (7) includes a synchronizing gear (71), which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the tool box (31). The synchronizing gear (71) is located on one side of the grooved wheel (62) and meshes with the teeth on the grooved wheel (62). A synchronizing disc (72) is fixedly connected to the top of the synchronizing gear (71). A push rod (73) is fixedly connected to the top of the synchronizing disc (72). A synchronizing frame (74) is sleeved on the push rod (73), and the synchronizing frame (74) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the tool box (31).

7. The shield machine cutterhead wear online measurement device based on intelligent sensors according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pre-cleaning assembly (7) also includes a piston cylinder (75) fixedly connected to the blade box (31), a piston rod (76) is slidably connected in the piston cylinder (75), and the end of the piston rod (76) away from the piston cylinder (75) is fixed to the side wall of the timing frame (74); The piston cylinder (75) is also connected to an input pipe (77) and an output pipe (78). One-way valves are provided at the ends of the input pipe (77) and the output pipe (78) near the piston cylinder (75). The input pipe (77) is connected to the water supply source in the shield machine body (1). The end of the output pipe (78) away from the piston cylinder (75) passes through the cutter box (31) and extends into the measuring chamber (33). A spray head (79) is fixedly connected to the extended end of the output pipe (78), and the spray head (79) is fixedly connected in the measuring chamber (33).

8. The shield machine cutterhead wear online measurement device based on intelligent sensors according to claim 4, characterized in that: The scraping assembly (8) includes a synchronous shaft (81), which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the blade box (31). The synchronous shaft (81) is fixed to the synchronous gear (71) via a connecting shaft. A drive plate (82) is also fixedly connected to the synchronous shaft (81). A first connector (83) is rotatably connected to one end of the drive plate (82) away from the synchronous shaft (81), and a second connector (84) is fixedly connected to the other end of the first connector (83). The scraping assembly (8) further includes a scraper (85) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the tool box (31), and one end of the scraper (85) penetrates the inner wall of the tool box (31) and extends into the measuring cavity (33). The second connector (84) is rotatably connected to the scraper (85) at one end near the scraper (85).

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