Device and method for testing abrasion performance of flow passage component of fluid machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a fluid machinery flow passage component wear performance testing device and a testing method thereof.The testing device comprises a rack, a multi-working-medium fluid input system, a self-adaptive fluid adjusting system and a wear testing system.The rack is of a frame structure with a bracket arranged on the inner side and a control box arranged on the front side; an outer cover bin is arranged on a bracket of the rack, and a notch is formed in one side of the outer cover bin. The multi-working-medium fluid input system is used for simulating fluid environments under different working conditions, the multi-working-medium fluid input system comprises a plurality of storage tanks filled with water, silt, grease and an acid-base chemical solution, the storage tanks are arranged on the inner side of the outer cover bin at intervals, and a liquid level meter and a stirrer are arranged in each storage tank; the self-adaptive fluid adjusting system is used for adjusting the flow, the pressure, the flow speed and the flowing state of fluid. The multi-working-medium fluid input system is configured, so that the device has the multi-working-medium simulation capability, various actual working conditions can be accurately restored, and the test result is more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pump fluid machinery performance testing, specifically to a device and method for testing the wear performance of fluid machinery flow components. Background Technology

[0002] Fluid machinery, such as pumps and fans, plays a vital role in many fields, including industrial production, energy utilization, and water conservancy construction. The flow-through components of these devices are in constant contact with various working fluids (such as water, silt, grease, acid and alkaline chemical solutions, etc.), and inevitably suffer wear during operation. Wear problems can seriously affect the performance, reliability, and service life of fluid machinery, and may even lead to safety accidents.

[0003] Currently, the patented technologies for testing the wear performance of fluid machinery flow components include the following:

[0004] 1) Patent application CN108194385A discloses a device and method for testing the wear performance of two-phase flow fluid mechanical components. In this patent application, the device includes a testing unit for testing the wear performance of the component to be tested, a liquid supply unit for providing the two-phase flow medium to the testing unit, a liquid storage unit, and a pipeline unit. The inlet of the liquid supply unit is connected to the liquid storage unit through the pipeline unit, the outlet of the liquid supply unit is connected to the inlet of the testing unit through the pipeline unit, and the outlet of the testing unit is connected to the liquid storage unit through the pipeline unit. The method involves: installing the component to be tested, filling the testing unit with the prepared two-phase flow medium; conducting a wear test; stopping the test when a predetermined time is reached or when the pressure gauge reading at the pressure measuring port of the testing unit suddenly changes, and recording the relevant experimental data; replacing the component to be tested with a new one and repeating the test. The beneficial effects of this invention are: wide applicability, and it can be used to measure the wear resistance of different materials, surface-modified, and modified wear resistance of rings, impeller blades, and front and rear cover plates.

[0005] 2) Patent application CN109883872A discloses a wear test device for a solid-liquid two-phase flow component. In this patent application, the device should be able to automatically release and recycle particles during the test. The technical solution is: a wear test device for a solid-liquid two-phase flow component, characterized in that: the device includes a water tank and a recovery tank; the water tank outlet is connected to a first pipe, the first pipe is connected to a first inlet of the water tank via a second pipe, the first pipe is also connected to the recovery inlet of the recovery tank via a third pipe, and the recovery outlet of the recovery tank is connected to the second inlet of the water tank via a fourth pipe; a switching valve, a particle metering release device, a pressurized centrifugal pump, an inlet pressure sensor, an experimental centrifugal pump, an outlet pressure sensor, and a flow meter are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of the mixed liquid on the first pipe; an experimental control valve is provided on the second pipe, and a recovery control valve is provided on the third pipe; a pipe filter is provided at the recovery outlet of the recovery tank.

[0006] 3) Patent application CN107290238A discloses a rapid wear testing device for hydraulic mechanical flow components. This patent application includes a power unit and a testing unit. The power unit includes a motor, and the testing unit includes a drive shaft and a testing chamber. The testing chamber has a sealed cavity structure for mounting the hydraulic mechanical flow component to be tested and for containing the test medium. One end of the drive shaft is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the other end extends into the testing chamber and connects to the hydraulic mechanical flow component to be tested. This invention's testing device is not only simple in structure and easy to manufacture, but also shortens the testing time, improves testing efficiency, and reduces testing costs.

[0007] However, the aforementioned publicly available technologies still have many limitations in practical applications, as illustrated by the following examples:

[0008] The testing medium is either too simple or too limited.

[0009] The device disclosed in CN108194385A is mainly for testing two-phase flow media. Although it can measure the wear resistance of different materials, surface-modified and modified nozzle rings, impeller blades, and front and rear cover plates, two-phase flow media are only one type of working fluid in actual industrial applications. In real industrial scenarios, in addition to two-phase flow, there are also pure liquid phases (such as liquids with different pH levels), multiphase flows (such as mixed phases containing various solid particles and different liquids), and other working fluid conditions. This device cannot fully simulate these complex working fluid environments, and the application scope of the test results is greatly limited. For example, in the chemical industry, many fluid machines come into contact with highly corrosive acid and alkali chemical solutions. The two-phase flow test environment of this device cannot accurately reflect the wear of these chemical solutions on the flow components.

[0010] The device disclosed in CN109883872A focuses on wear tests of flow components in solid-liquid two-phase flow, mainly involving the flow and wear of particles in liquids. However, industrial production also involves a large number of liquid working fluids that do not contain solid particles, such as pure water and grease, as well as multiphase flow working fluids containing gases and other components. This device cannot test these working fluids and cannot meet the industrial demand for a comprehensive evaluation of the wear performance of flow components under different working fluids.

[0011] The device disclosed in CN107290238A does not specify the type of working fluid it can simulate, but based on its description, it is speculated to be designed for conventional liquid working fluids. In actual industrial applications, there are many working fluids with special properties, such as muddy water containing high concentrations of solid particles, and highly corrosive acid and alkali solutions. This device lacks the ability to simulate these special working fluids, and the test results are unlikely to accurately reflect the wear of flow-through components in actual industrial applications.

[0012] Insufficient fluid regulation capability:

[0013] The device disclosed in CN108194385A mainly involves simple pipeline connections between a liquid supply unit, a testing unit, and a liquid storage unit, without detailing the precise adjustment methods for key parameters such as fluid flow rate, pressure, and velocity. In actual industrial applications, fluid machinery needs to handle various fluid parameters under different operating conditions, such as high-pressure, high-flow-rate, or specific flow velocity environments. This device cannot accurately simulate these different fluid parameters, making it difficult to accurately assess the wear performance of flow-through components under different operating conditions. For example, in some high-pressure conveying systems, the pressure exerted on flow-through components is much higher than conventional pressure; this device cannot provide the corresponding testing conditions, leading to inaccurate test results.

[0014] The device disclosed in CN109883872A includes components such as a switching valve, a particle metering release device, a pressurized centrifugal pump, an inlet pressure sensor, an outlet pressure sensor, and a flow meter. However, these components primarily focus on particle release and recovery, as well as simple fluid pressure and flow monitoring, lacking the ability to regulate fluid flow states (such as laminar or turbulent flow). In actual industrial applications, the fluid flow state significantly impacts the wear of flow-through components; different flow states lead to different wear mechanisms and degrees. This device cannot simulate different flow states, and the test results cannot comprehensively reflect the wear conditions of flow-through components in actual industrial settings.

[0015] The device disclosed in CN107290238A only mentions the basic structure of the power unit's motor and the test unit's drive shaft and test chamber, without addressing the means of adjusting fluid parameters. In actual industrial applications, fluid machinery needs to operate under different fluid parameters. This device cannot simulate these different parameter environments, making it difficult to accurately assess the wear performance of the flow components, and it also cannot provide an effective basis for equipment design and optimization.

[0016] Against this backdrop, existing technologies require a comprehensive testing device and method for the wear performance of fluid machinery flow components that possesses multi-working-medium simulation capabilities, high-precision fluid regulation, and high versatility and scalability. Summary of the Invention

[0017] The purpose of this invention is to provide a test device for the wear performance of fluid mechanical flow components. By configuring a multi-working fluid input system, the device has the ability to simulate multiple working fluids, accurately reproduce various actual working conditions, and make the test results more accurate.

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a wear performance testing device for fluid machinery flow components, comprising a test bench, a multi-working-medium fluid input system, an adaptive fluid adjustment system, and a wear testing system, wherein: the test bench is a frame structure with a bracket on the inner side and a control box on the front side, and an outer cover is mounted on the bracket of the test bench, with an opening on one side of the outer cover; the multi-working-medium fluid input system is used to simulate fluid environments under different working conditions, and includes multiple storage tanks filled with water, silt, grease, and acid / alkali chemical solutions respectively, with each storage tank arranged at intervals on the outer cover. Inside the tank, each storage tank is equipped with a level gauge and a stirrer. The output side of the bottom of each storage tank is connected to the adaptive fluid regulation system through a first fluid channel. The adaptive fluid regulation system is used to regulate the flow rate, pressure, velocity, and flow state of the fluid. The tail side of the adaptive fluid regulation system is connected to the wear test system through a second fluid channel. The adaptive fluid regulation system includes a pressure pre-regulation mechanism and a flow pattern control mechanism set along the tail side of the first fluid channel. The wear test system includes a pump casing flow body and a data acquisition module, wherein the data acquisition module is configured inside the pump casing flow body.

[0019] Preferably, the flow-through components of the pump casing are designed to be replaceable, allowing for quick replacement of different types of components, such as impellers and guide vanes, to meet different testing requirements and comprehensively evaluate the wear performance of each component under different working fluids.

[0020] Preferably, the data acquisition module includes a wear sensor, a vibration sensor, and a temperature sensor. The wear sensor employs non-contact sensors such as eddy current displacement sensors and laser rangefinders to avoid interference from the sensor itself with the wear process of the flow-through components. The eddy current displacement sensor, based on the eddy current effect, obtains the wear amount by measuring the change in eddy current caused by the change in distance between the probe and the measured metal surface. In practice, multiple wear sensors can be evenly arranged at key wear locations of the pump casing flow-through components, such as impeller blade edges and easily eroded areas of the pump casing inner wall. The vibration sensor is a piezoelectric accelerometer, which has advantages such as high sensitivity and a wide frequency response range, and can accurately capture the vibration signals of the flow-through components under different working fluids. In practice, vibration sensors can be installed at locations such as the bearing housing and motor housing of the flow-through components. The bearing housing is an important part of vibration transmission during pump operation; monitoring its vibration can help understand the overall operational stability of the pump. The temperature sensor uses a thermocouple or resistance temperature detector (RTD) sensor. In practice, temperature sensors can be installed at the pump inlet and outlet, and on the surface of the flow-through components. Inlet and outlet temperature sensors can monitor the temperature changes of the working fluid inside the pump, reflecting the pump's energy conversion efficiency; surface temperature sensors of flow-through components are used to detect local temperature increases caused by friction and other factors during the wear process.

[0021] Preferably, the pressure pre-regulation mechanism is used to regulate the initial pressure of the fluid. The pressure pre-regulation mechanism includes a front electric valve group, a pressure buffer, and a rear electric valve group. The front electric valve group regulates the flow rate based on the opening degree. The pressure buffer is connected to the rear side of the front electric valve group and is used to absorb and release pressure fluctuations. The rear electric valve group is provided at the tail side of the pressure buffer and is connected to the flow pattern regulation mechanism through a second fluid channel.

[0022] Preferably, the flow pattern control mechanism is used to adjust the flow pattern of the fluid. The flow pattern control mechanism includes a first flow guide component and a second flow guide component installed inside the first fluid channel. The first flow guide component includes a cavity shell, multiple flow guide plates with switchable angles, a control structure for controlling the action of each flow guide plate, and a drive structure for linking multiple control structures. The cavity shell is provided with a connecting part in the middle, and multiple flow guide plates are connected between the cavity shell and the connecting part through a rotating shaft.

[0023] Preferably, the plurality of guide plates are distributed at intervals along the outer periphery of the cavity shell and the inner periphery of the connecting part, and each guide plate is fan-shaped.

[0024] Preferably, the control structure includes a drive shaft and a linkage rod, with the drive shaft and rotating shaft coaxially connected. A swing head is mounted on the drive shaft, and the front and rear ends of each linkage rod are movably connected to the swing head. The drive structure includes a bracket mounted on the upper side of the cavity shell and a servo motor mounted inside the bracket, wherein the servo motor shaft is coaxially connected to the drive shaft of the control structure. The angles of multiple guide vanes can be switched independently or in conjunction, adapting to different flow patterns. Whether it's simple straight flow or complex vortex flow, the desired flow pattern can be achieved by adjusting the angle of the guide vanes.

[0025] Preferably, the second flow guiding assembly is located on the rear side of the flow guiding plate. The second flow guiding assembly includes a flow guiding bracket and a plurality of flow guiding blades whose shapes can be independently controlled. The flow guiding bracket is connected between the connecting part and the inner wall of the cavity shell. The plurality of flow guiding blades are arranged in an arc shape and are connected to two adjacent flow guiding brackets.

[0026] Preferably, the guide vanes are made of shape memory alloy material, and a heating layer is provided on the outer side of the guide vanes to control their deformation. The shape of the guide vanes in the second guide assembly can be independently controlled. According to different working conditions and test requirements, the curvature and arc of the guide vanes can be flexibly adjusted to obtain the optimal flow pattern.

[0027] Preferably, the present invention also provides a test method for the above-mentioned fluid machinery flow component wear performance testing device, comprising the following steps:

[0028] Step S1: Working fluid preparation and sensor calibration. Prepare the test working fluid according to the simulated working conditions as needed, and calibrate the wear sensor, pressure sensor, flow sensor and temperature sensor configured on the device.

[0029] Step S2: Installation of the component under test. According to the design requirements of the testing device, install the current-current component under test onto the underside of the equipment frame. During the installation process, pay attention to the installation direction, positional accuracy, and sealing of the connection between the component and the device.

[0030] Step S3: Test parameter settings. Set the flow rate, pressure, temperature, and flow pattern parameters of the device according to the actual working conditions.

[0031] Step S4: Wear test. Start the test device and circulate the test medium in the system to perform wear test on the flow component under test. During the test, collect wear amount, pressure, flow rate, temperature, flow velocity, and turbulence data in real time, and control the test duration according to the predetermined test plan.

[0032] Step S5: Post-test processing. When the test reaches the predetermined time or other termination conditions occur, such as the wear amount exceeding the set threshold or the device malfunctions, the operation of the test device is stopped. Subsequently, the data collected during the test is organized and analyzed, and the wear amount changing with time is plotted to analyze the variation law of the wear rate under different flow patterns. At the same time, the influence of the above parameters on the wear performance of the flow components is comprehensively evaluated by combining the changes in pressure, flow rate, temperature, flow velocity distribution and turbulence intensity parameters.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] 1. This invention, by configuring a multi-working-medium fluid input system, enables the device to simulate multiple working media, accurately reproducing various actual working conditions and making test results more precise. For example, in the application scenario of sediment pumps in water conservancy construction, the sediment content of rivers in different regions varies greatly. This device can accurately adjust sediment water of different concentrations for testing, ensuring that the test results highly match the actual usage conditions. This avoids test results deviating from reality due to inaccurate working media simulation, providing a reliable basis for equipment development and selection. In chemical scenarios, this device can simulate chemical solutions with different pH levels and compositions, accurately testing the wear performance of flow components under these special chemical environments.

[0035] 2. The device of the present invention has the ability to precisely adjust fluid flow rate, pressure, and velocity, and can provide stable and diverse test conditions for flow-through components. When testing the flow-through components of large pumps, it can simulate high flow rate and high pressure conditions in actual operation, and accurately assess the wear of components under high loads.

[0036] 3. The device of this invention can adjust the flow state of fluids, such as laminar flow and turbulent flow. Taking the impeller as an example, the wear mechanism and degree of wear of the impeller are different under different flow states. The device can simulate different flow states such as laminar and turbulent flow, test the wear performance of the impeller under different flow states, provide a scientific basis for the design and optimization of the impeller, and improve the operating efficiency and reliability of the pump under different operating conditions.

[0037] 4. The device of this invention, equipped with wear sensors, vibration sensors, and temperature sensors, can collect real-time data on wear, vibration, temperature, and other aspects of the flow components during the testing process. By simultaneously monitoring these parameters when testing hydraulic machinery flow components, a comprehensive understanding of the component's wear under different working media and conditions can be achieved, allowing for rapid acquisition of key data and significantly shortening the testing cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the platform structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the multi-working fluid input system, the adaptive fluid adjustment system, and the wear testing system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-working fluid input system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flow pattern control mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second flow guiding component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the wear testing system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] In the picture:

[0046] 1. Stand; 11. Control box; 12. Outer enclosure;

[0047] 2. Multi-working fluid input system; 21. Storage tank; 22. First fluid channel;

[0048] 3. Adaptive fluid control system; 31. Front-mounted electric valve assembly; 32. Pressure damper; 33. Rear-mounted electric valve assembly; 34. First flow guide assembly; 341. Chamber housing; 342. Flow guide plate; 343. Drive shaft; 344. Linkage rod; 345. Swing head; 346. Servo motor; 35. Second flow guide assembly; 351. Flow guide bracket; 352. Flow guide vane;

[0049] 4. Wear testing system; 41. Pump casing flow body; 42. Data acquisition module. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] Please see Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a test device for the wear performance of fluid mechanical flow components, comprising a test bench 1, a multi-working fluid input system 2, an adaptive fluid adjustment system 3, and a wear test system 4.

[0054] Please see Figure 2 In this embodiment, the platform 1 is a frame structure with a bracket on the inner side and a control box 11 on the front side. An outer cover 12 is installed on the bracket of the platform 1, and an opening is provided on one side of the outer cover 12.

[0055] Please see Figure 3In this embodiment, the multi-working fluid input system 2 is used to simulate fluid environments under different working conditions. The multi-working fluid input system 2 includes multiple storage tanks 21, each filled with water, mud, grease, and acid / alkali chemical solutions respectively. Each storage tank 21 is arranged at intervals inside the outer cover 12. Each storage tank 21 is equipped with a level gauge and a stirrer (not shown in the figure). The output side of the bottom of each storage tank 21 is connected to the adaptive fluid regulation system 3 through the first fluid channel 22.

[0056] Please see Figures 4-6 In this embodiment, the adaptive fluid control system 3 is used to regulate the flow rate, pressure, velocity, and flow state of the fluid. The tail side of the adaptive fluid control system 3 is connected to the wear test system 4 through a second fluid channel. The adaptive fluid control system 3 includes a pressure pre-regulation mechanism and a flow pattern control mechanism arranged along the tail side of the first fluid channel 22. The pressure pre-regulation mechanism is used to regulate the initial pressure of the fluid. The pressure pre-regulation mechanism includes a front electric valve group 31, a pressure buffer 32, and a rear electric valve group 33. The front electric valve group 31 regulates the flow rate based on the opening degree. The pressure buffer 32 is connected to the rear side of the front electric valve group 31 and is used to absorb and release pressure fluctuations. The rear electric valve group 33 is arranged at the tail side of the pressure buffer 32 and is connected to the flow pattern control mechanism through the second fluid channel.

[0057] In this embodiment, the flow pattern control mechanism is used to adjust the flow pattern of the fluid. The flow pattern control mechanism includes a first flow guide assembly 34 and a second flow guide assembly 35 installed inside the first fluid channel 22. The first flow guide assembly 34 includes a cavity shell 341, multiple flow guide plates 342 with switchable angles, a control structure for controlling the movement of each flow guide plate 342, and a drive structure for linking multiple control structures. The cavity shell 341 has a connecting part in the middle, and the cavity shell 341 and the connecting part are connected by a rotating shaft to the multiple flow guide plates 342. The multiple flow guide plates 342 are distributed at intervals along the outer periphery of the cavity shell 341 and the inner periphery of the connecting part, and each flow guide plate 342 is fan-shaped. The control structure includes a drive shaft 343 and a linkage rod 344, and the drive shaft 343 and the rotating shaft are coaxially connected. Next, a swing head 345 is provided on the transmission shaft 343, and the front and rear ends of each linkage rod 344 are movably connected to the swing head 345 respectively; the drive structure includes a bracket on the upper side of the cavity shell 341 and a servo motor 346 installed inside the bracket, wherein the shaft end of the servo motor 346 is coaxially connected to the transmission shaft 343 of the control structure; the second flow guide assembly 35 is provided on the rear side of the flow guide plate 342, the second flow guide assembly 35 includes a flow guide bracket 351 and a plurality of flow guide blades 352 whose shapes can be independently controlled, the flow guide bracket 351 is connected between the connecting part and the inner wall of the cavity shell 341, the plurality of flow guide blades 352 are arranged in an arc shape and are connected to two adjacent flow guide brackets 351, the flow guide blades 352 are made of shape memory alloy material, and a heating layer for controlling their deformation is provided on the outer side of the flow guide blades 352.

[0058] In this embodiment, the control principle of the flow pattern control mechanism includes the following:

[0059] Based on the testing requirements, determine the required fluid flow pattern, such as laminar flow, turbulent flow, or specific vortex patterns;

[0060] For the first flow guiding assembly 34, the angle range of the guide plate 342 is set according to the target flow pattern; for the second flow guiding assembly 35, the shape change parameters of the guide blade 352 are set, such as the degree of bending and the curvature.

[0061] The servo motor 346 is activated by the control system. The shaft end of the servo motor 346 drives the transmission shaft 343 to rotate. The swing head 345 on the transmission shaft 343 rotates accordingly, and then drives the guide plate 342 to rotate around the shaft to a set angle through the linkage rod 344.

[0062] According to the set shape change parameters of the guide vane 352, the heating layer is controlled to heat or cool the guide vane 352. The shape memory alloy material deforms under temperature change, so that the guide vane 352 reaches the preset shape, thereby further adjusting the fluid flow pattern.

[0063] In practice, flow rate sensors, pressure sensors and other monitoring devices can be installed in the fluid channel to monitor the flow status of the fluid in real time, including parameters such as flow rate, pressure and flow pattern.

[0064] If the flow pattern deviates from the target pattern according to the monitoring results, the angle of the guide plate 342 or the shape of the guide vane 352 shall be adjusted in time. Through repeated adjustments, the fluid flow pattern shall be brought to the optimal state.

[0065] Please see Figure 7 In this embodiment, the wear test system 4 includes a pump casing flow body 41 and a data acquisition module 42. The flow components of the pump casing flow body 41 are designed to be replaceable, which makes it easy to quickly replace different types of components, such as impellers and guide vanes, for different test requirements, so as to comprehensively evaluate the wear performance of each component under different working fluids.

[0066] In this embodiment, the data acquisition module 42 is configured inside the pump casing flow body 41. The data acquisition module 42 includes a wear sensor, a vibration sensor, and a temperature sensor. The wear sensor uses non-contact sensors such as eddy current displacement sensors and laser rangefinders to avoid interference from the sensor itself with the wear process of the flow components. The eddy current displacement sensor is based on the eddy current effect and obtains the wear amount by measuring the change in eddy current caused by the change in distance between the probe and the measured metal surface. In specific implementations, multiple wear sensors can be evenly arranged at key wear locations of the pump casing flow components, such as the impeller blade edges and easily eroded areas of the pump casing inner wall. The vibration sensor is a piezoelectric accelerometer, which has the advantages of high sensitivity and wide frequency response range, and can accurately capture the vibration signals of the flow components under different working fluids. In specific implementations, vibration sensors can be installed at locations such as the bearing housing and motor housing of the flow components. The bearing housing is an important part of vibration transmission during pump operation, and monitoring its vibration can help understand the overall operational stability of the pump. The temperature sensor uses a thermocouple or a resistance temperature detector (RTD) sensor. In practice, temperature sensors can be installed at the pump inlet and outlet, as well as on the surface of flow-through components. Inlet and outlet temperature sensors can monitor the temperature changes of the working fluid inside the pump, reflecting the pump's energy conversion efficiency; surface temperature sensors on flow-through components are used to detect localized temperature increases caused by friction and other factors during wear.

[0067] In conjunction with the above embodiments, the present invention also provides a testing method for the wear performance testing device for fluid machinery flow components, comprising the following steps:

[0068] Step S1: Working fluid preparation and sensor calibration. Prepare the test working fluid according to the simulated working conditions as needed, and calibrate the wear sensor, pressure sensor, flow sensor and temperature sensor configured on the device.

[0069] Step S2: Installation of the component under test. According to the design requirements of the test device, install the current-current component under test onto the underside of the test stand 1. During the installation process, pay attention to the installation direction, positional accuracy, and sealing of the component with the device.

[0070] Step S3: Test parameter settings. Set the flow rate, pressure, temperature, and flow pattern parameters of the device according to the actual working conditions.

[0071] Step S4: Wear test. Start the test device and circulate the test medium in the system to perform wear test on the flow component under test. During the test, collect wear amount, pressure, flow rate, temperature, flow velocity, and turbulence data in real time, and control the test duration according to the predetermined test plan.

[0072] Step S5: Post-test processing. When the test reaches the predetermined time or other termination conditions occur, such as the wear amount exceeding the set threshold or the device malfunctions, the operation of the test device is stopped. Subsequently, the data collected during the test is organized and analyzed, and the wear amount changing with time is plotted to analyze the variation law of the wear rate under different flow patterns. At the same time, the influence of the above parameters on the wear performance of the flow components is comprehensively evaluated by combining the changes in pressure, flow rate, temperature, flow velocity distribution and turbulence intensity parameters.

[0073] It is worth noting that the entire testing device is controlled by a central control system. Since the equipment matched with the control system is common equipment and belongs to existing mature technology, its electrical connection relationship and specific circuit structure will not be described in detail here.

[0074] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A test device for the wear performance of fluid machinery flow components, comprising a test bench (1), a multi-working fluid input system (2), an adaptive fluid control system (3), and a wear test system (4), characterized in that: The platform (1) is a frame structure with a bracket on the inner side and a control box (11) on the front side. An outer cover (12) is installed on the bracket of the platform (1), and an opening is provided on one side of the outer cover (12). The multi-working fluid input system (2) is used to simulate the fluid environment under different working conditions. The multi-working fluid input system (2) includes multiple tanks (21) filled with water, mud, grease and acid and alkaline chemical solutions respectively. Each tank (21) is arranged at intervals inside the outer cover (12). Each tank (21) is equipped with a level gauge and a stirrer. The output side of the bottom of each tank (21) is connected to the adaptive fluid regulation system (3) through the first fluid channel (22). The adaptive fluid regulation system (3) is used to regulate the flow rate, pressure, velocity and flow state of the fluid. The tail side of the adaptive fluid regulation system (3) is connected to the wear test system (4) through the second fluid channel. The adaptive fluid regulation system (3) includes a pressure pre-regulation mechanism and a flow pattern control mechanism set along the tail side of the first fluid channel (22). The wear test system (4) includes a pump casing flow body (41) and a data acquisition module (42), wherein the data acquisition module (42) is located inside the pump casing flow body (41).

2. The wear performance testing device for fluid machinery flow components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure pre-regulation mechanism is used to regulate the initial pressure of the fluid. The pressure pre-regulation mechanism includes a front electric valve group (31), a pressure buffer (32), and a rear electric valve group (33). The front electric valve group (31) regulates the flow rate based on the opening degree. The pressure buffer (32) is connected to the rear side of the front electric valve group (31). The pressure buffer (32) is used to absorb and release pressure fluctuations. The rear electric valve group (33) is set on the tail side of the pressure buffer (32). The rear electric valve group (33) is connected to the flow pattern regulation mechanism through the second fluid channel.

3. The wear performance testing device for fluid machinery flow components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow pattern control mechanism is used to adjust the flow pattern of the fluid. The flow pattern control mechanism includes a first flow guide assembly (34) and a second flow guide assembly (35) installed inside the first fluid channel (22). The first flow guide assembly (34) includes a cavity shell (341), multiple flow guide plates (342) with switchable angles, a control structure for controlling the action of each flow guide plate (342), and a drive structure for linking multiple control structures. The cavity shell (341) is provided with a connecting part in the middle. The cavity shell (341) and the connecting part are connected to multiple flow guide plates (342) through a rotating shaft.

4. The wear performance testing device for fluid machinery flow components according to claim 3, characterized in that: Multiple guide plates (342) are distributed at intervals along the outer periphery of the cavity shell (341) and the inner periphery of the connecting part, and each guide plate (342) is fan-shaped.

5. The wear performance testing device for fluid machinery flow components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control structure includes a drive shaft (343) and a linkage rod (344). The drive shaft (343) is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft. A swing head (345) is provided on the drive shaft (343). The front and rear ends of each linkage rod (344) are movably connected to the swing head (345).

6. The wear performance testing device for fluid machinery flow components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive structure includes a bracket on the upper side of the cavity shell (341) and a servo motor (346) mounted inside the bracket, wherein the shaft end of the servo motor (346) is coaxially connected to the transmission shaft (343) of the control structure.

7. The wear performance testing device for fluid machinery flow components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second flow guide assembly (35) is located on the rear side of the flow guide plate (342). The second flow guide assembly (35) includes a flow guide bracket (351) and a plurality of flow guide blades (352) whose shapes can be independently controlled. The flow guide bracket (351) is connected between the connecting part and the inner wall of the cavity shell (341). The plurality of flow guide blades (352) are arranged in an arc shape and are connected to two adjacent flow guide brackets (351).

8. The wear performance testing device for fluid machinery flow components according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide vane (352) is made of shape memory alloy material, and a heating layer is provided on the outside of the guide vane (352) to control its deformation.

9. The wear performance testing device for fluid machinery flow components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition module (42) includes a wear sensor, a vibration sensor, and a temperature sensor.

10. A test method for a fluid machinery flow component wear performance testing device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step S1: Working fluid preparation and sensor calibration. Prepare the test working fluid according to the simulated working conditions as needed, and calibrate the wear sensor, pressure sensor, flow sensor and temperature sensor configured on the device. Step S2: Installation of the component to be tested. According to the design requirements of the test device, install the current-carrying component to be tested on the underside of the equipment frame (1). During the installation process, pay attention to the installation direction, positional accuracy, and sealing of the connection with the device. Step S3: Test parameter settings. Set the flow rate, pressure, temperature, and flow pattern parameters of the device according to the actual working conditions. Step S4: Wear test. Start the test device and circulate the test medium in the system to perform wear test on the flow component under test. During the test, collect wear amount, pressure, flow rate, temperature, flow velocity, and turbulence data in real time, and control the test duration according to the predetermined test plan. Step S5: Post-test processing. When the test reaches the predetermined time or other termination conditions occur, the operation of the test device is stopped, and the data collected during the test is then organized and analyzed.

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