Polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonance angular velocity sensor and method based on weak value amplification

Abstract

The invention discloses a weak value amplification-based polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonance angular velocity sensor and method, and relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, and the weak value amplification-based polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonance angular velocity sensor comprises a light source module, a polarization control module, a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber annular resonant cavity and an interference reading module. The light source module, the polarization control module, the polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber annular resonant cavity and the interference reading module are connected through optical fibers. The light source module is used for providing laser with stable polarization and narrow linewidth; the polarization control module is used for switching linear polarization, circular polarization and elliptical polarization and preparing a front selection state and a rear selection state for weak value amplification; the polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber annular resonant cavity is used for forming an angular velocity measurement optical signal; the interference reading module is used for obtaining interference fringes. By implementing the weak value amplification-based polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonance angular velocity sensor and method provided by the invention, the measurement sensitivity and stability of weak angular velocity can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fiber optic sensing technology, and more specifically, to a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonant angular velocity sensor and method based on weak-value amplification. Background Technology

[0002] A fiber optic interferometer is a high-precision measuring instrument based on the principle of optical wave interference. It uses optical fiber as the propagation medium to measure parameters such as optical path length, refractive index, and phase change under the interference effect of coherent light. Compared to free-space interferometers, the biggest advantage of fiber optic interferometers lies in the fact that the long optical path of the fiber enhances the phase accumulation effect, making it more sensitive to minute disturbances and thus improving measurement accuracy. However, traditional polarization-maintaining fiber optic gyroscopes are still limited by fiber loss and technical noise, facing significant bottlenecks in accuracy improvement and large-scale application. Although increasing the fiber length can improve sensitivity, it also introduces polarization drift and dispersion noise, severely restricting the performance ceiling of fiber optic sensors.

[0003] In recent years, specialty optical fibers have shown great potential in the application of high-sensitivity sensors. With their customizable waveguide structures, flexible material doping characteristics, and excellent mode modulation capabilities, specialty optical fibers have brought revolutionary breakthroughs to the field of precision sensing.

[0004] Furthermore, weak value amplification (WVA) technology has made significant progress in the field of signal enhancement. For example, patent document CN104089718A discloses temperature detection based on weak measurements. In particular, the real weak value amplification method (document: Jing-Hui Huang, Kyle M. Jordan, Adetunmise C. Dada, and Xiang-Yun Hu and Jeff S. Lundeen. Enhancing Interferometry Using Weak ValueAmplification with Real Weak Values. Physical Review Letters 134, 080802(2025)) has become a powerful means to improve the sensitivity of traditional optical interferometers because it effectively amplifies weak phase differences without introducing additional noise.

[0005] However, there are no reports on applying real weak value amplification to resonant sensing systems with all-fiber structures, especially those composed of high polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fibers.

[0006] Therefore, how to integrate the real weak value amplification mechanism with the high Q value resonant structure of photonic crystal fiber to achieve higher angular velocity resolution, which is beneficial for widespread engineering applications, is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0007] The above content is only used to help understand the technical solution of the present invention and does not represent an admission that the above content is prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor and method based on weak value amplification, which can improve the measurement sensitivity and stability of weak angular velocities.

[0009] This invention provides a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor based on weak-value amplification, comprising: a light source module 1, a polarization control module, a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber ring resonator, and an interference readout module; the light source module, polarization control module, polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber ring resonator, and interference readout module are connected by optical fiber; the light source module 1 is used to provide polarization-stable, narrow-linewidth laser light; the polarization control module is used to switch between linear polarization, circular polarization, and elliptical polarization, and to prepare pre-selection and post-selection states for weak-value amplification; the polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber ring resonator is used to form an angular velocity measurement optical signal; and the interference readout module is used to acquire interference fringes.

[0010] The present invention also provides an angular velocity measurement method for the above-mentioned polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonant angular velocity sensor based on weak value amplification, comprising the following steps: S1: obtaining a real weak value based on the pre-selected state and post-selected state for preparing the weak measurement; S2: obtaining the interference fringe intensity, and obtaining the angular velocity based on the interference fringe intensity and the real weak value.

[0011] The implementation of the polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor and method based on weak-value amplification provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention utilizes a light source module to provide a narrow-linewidth, highly stable polarization-maintaining light source, a polarization control module to prepare pre-selected and post-selected polarization states for quantum weak measurements, a resonant cavity composed of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber and a polarization-maintaining fiber coupler to amplify the response to the Sagnac phase, and an interference module based on the real-valued weak amplification principle to enhance the relative group delay of the interference light. Furthermore, this invention utilizes an FPGA control system for high-speed acquisition and real-time processing of interference fringes, forming a closed-loop control system. This invention deeply integrates polarization state control with FPGA closed-loop modulation, realizing a truly meaningful quantum state engineering closed-loop interferometric measurement system. This invention utilizes weak-value amplification technology, especially the real-value weak-value amplification method, to effectively amplify weak phase differences without introducing additional noise, greatly improving the sensitivity of optical interferometers. This invention applies real-value weak-value amplification to a resonant sensing system and all-fiber structure composed of high-polarity-maintaining photonic crystal fiber. It employs a cutting-edge cyber-physical fusion measurement method—the weak-value mechanism—not available in traditional Sagnac interferometers, using group delay as an intermediate physical quantity. After weak-value amplification, the measured signal has greater sensitivity, more intuitive readings, and better noise resistance, achieving quantum-controlled assisted optical interference signal enhancement and enabling high-precision measurement of weak angular velocities. This invention combines the quantum real-value weak-value amplification mechanism with a high-birefringence polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber resonant cavity to form a dual enhancement mechanism. While improving signal strength, reducing noise interference, and achieving high robustness, it also possesses a highly integrated, all-fiber engineering implementation path, facilitating the widespread engineering application of this technology and solving the key technical bottlenecks of traditional solutions. It features a compact structure, strong anti-interference capabilities, and high sensitivity, making it suitable for high-precision angular velocity detection, particularly suitable for high-sensitivity angular velocity measurement scenarios such as aerospace, navigation, and geophysical exploration. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonant angular velocity sensor structure based on weak-value amplification provided by the present invention; Among them, 1-light source module, 2-first all-fiber polarizer, 3-first motorized fiber polarization controller, 4-polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, 5-polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter, 6-first polarization-maintaining coupler, 7-second polarization-maintaining coupler, 8-photonic crystal fiber, 9-fiber beam splitter, 10-second motorized fiber polarization controller, 11-second all-fiber polarizer, 12-third motorized fiber polarization controller, 13-third all-fiber polarizer, 14-third polarization-maintaining coupler, 15-fiber photodetector; 16-first polarization measuring instrument; 17-second polarization measuring instrument; 18-data acquisition and control module; Figure 2 A curve comparison of the output signal of the gyroscope before and after applying the technology of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0013] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor based on weak-value amplification according to this embodiment is shown. In this embodiment, the polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor based on weak-value amplification includes: The system comprises a light source module 1, a polarization control module, a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber ring resonator, and an interferometric readout module. These components are connected via optical fiber. The light source module 1 provides polarization-stable, narrow-linewidth laser light. The polarization control module switches between linear, circular, and elliptical polarization to prepare pre-selective and post-selective states for weak value amplification. The polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber ring resonator generates an angular velocity measurement optical signal. The interferometric readout module acquires interference fringes. In one exemplary embodiment, the light source module 1 is a polarization-maintaining fiber laser, and the center wavelength of the polarization-maintaining fiber laser is... ; In one exemplary embodiment, the polarization control module includes a first all-fiber polarizer 2 and a first motorized fiber polarization controller 3; the first all-fiber polarizer 2 and the first motorized fiber polarization controller 3 are connected by optical fiber. In one exemplary embodiment, the polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber ring resonator includes a polarization-maintaining fiber circulator 4, a polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter 5, a first polarization-maintaining coupler 6, a second polarization-maintaining coupler 7, and a photonic crystal fiber 8. The polarization-maintaining fiber circulator 4 is connected to one end of the polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter 5 via an optical fiber, and the other end of the polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter 5 is connected to the first polarization-maintaining coupler 6 and the second polarization-maintaining coupler 7 via optical fibers. The first polarization-maintaining coupler 6 and the second polarization-maintaining coupler 7 are symmetrically arranged on the ring-shaped photonic crystal fiber 8. The photonic crystal fiber 8 is used to improve the polarization maintenance capability and disturbance rejection stability of the resonator, forming an optical resonant structure with a high quality factor (Q value). In one exemplary embodiment, the interferometric readout module includes an optical fiber beam splitter 9, a second electrically driven optical fiber polarization controller 10, a second all-fiber polarizer 11, a third electrically driven optical fiber polarization controller 12, a third all-fiber polarizer 13, a third polarization-maintaining coupler 14, an optical fiber photodetector 15, a first polarization measuring instrument 16, and a second polarization measuring instrument 17. The optical fiber beam splitter 9 is connected to one end of the second electrically driven optical fiber polarization controller 10 and the third electrically driven optical fiber polarization controller 12 via optical fibers. The other ends of the second electrically driven optical fiber polarization controller 10 and the third electrically driven optical fiber polarization controller 12 are respectively connected to one end of the second all-fiber polarizer 11 and the third all-fiber polarizer 13 via optical fibers. The other ends of the second all-fiber polarizer 11 and the third all-fiber polarizer 13 are respectively connected to the first polarization measuring instrument 16 and the second polarization measuring instrument 17 via optical fibers. The other ends of the second all-fiber polarizer 11 and the third all-fiber polarizer 13 are also respectively connected to one end of the third polarization-maintaining coupler 14 via optical fibers. The other end of the third polarization-maintaining coupler 14 is connected to the optical fiber photodetector 15 via optical fibers. In one exemplary embodiment, the polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor based on weak amplification further includes a data acquisition and control module. The data acquisition and control module is used to acquire the intensity of interference fringes, read the group delay between optical paths, calculate the angular velocity signal in real time, and realize closed-loop feedback control of the electric fiber polarization controller.

[0015] This embodiment provides an angular velocity measurement method applied to the aforementioned polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor based on weak amplification, comprising the following steps: S1: Based on the pre-selection and post-selection states for preparing weak measurements, obtain the real weak values; In one exemplary embodiment, step S1 specifically includes: obtaining a real weak value based on the pre-selected state and post-selected state used to prepare the weak measurement, as shown in the formula: , = , in It is a weak value of the real number. To prepare the post-selected state for weak measurement, For the observable operators of the system, To prepare the pre-selected state for weak measurement, and These represent the polarization states in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. S2: Obtain the interference fringe intensity, and obtain the angular velocity based on the interference fringe intensity and the real weak value; In one exemplary embodiment, step S2 specifically includes: obtaining the interference fringe intensity, and obtaining the angular velocity based on the interference fringe intensity and the real weak value, as shown in the formula:

[0016] in, The intensity of the interference fringes; Normalized intensity; This is the phase enhancement factor, i.e., the fineness of the resonant cavity; This represents the effective optical path area of ​​the Sagnac interferometer. Angular velocity; The speed of light; λ is the center wavelength of the photon.

[0017] In some embodiments, the above-described polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor based on weak-value amplification can also be implemented in the following manner.

[0018] In this embodiment, the polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor based on weak-value amplification includes: a light source module for providing a polarization-stable, narrow-linewidth laser light source; a polarization control module for preparing pre-selected and post-selected states for weak-value amplification; a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber ring resonator composed of a high-birefringence polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber and a polarization-maintaining fiber coupler; an interference readout module including a polarization-maintaining fiber coupler and a photodetector for interfering and reading the group delay between optical paths; and an FPGA data acquisition and control system for acquiring interference fringe intensity, calculating angular velocity signals in real time, and implementing closed-loop feedback control of the polarization control module.

[0019] Specifically, the polarization control module includes an all-fiber polarizer and an electric fiber polarization controller, which can switch between linear polarization, circular polarization and elliptical polarization to achieve the control of weak real values.

[0020] Specifically, polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fibers have high birefringence characteristics, which are used to improve the polarization maintenance capability and disturbance resistance stability of the resonant cavity, forming an optical resonant structure with a high quality factor (Q value).

[0021] Specifically, the interferometric reading module constructs a Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure based on a 50:50 polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, and calculates the relative group delay and rotational angular velocity through the optical intensity interference signal.

[0022] Specifically, the FPGA data acquisition and control system, together with the electric polarization controller and polarization measuring instrument, forms a closed-loop system that adjusts the quantum state in real time to maintain the polarization state stability required for real weak value amplification.

[0023] Specifically, the light source module is a single-frequency, high-power, narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber laser, which has high frequency stability and low noise characteristics.

[0024] In some embodiments, the above-described polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor based on weak-value amplification can also be implemented in the following manner.

[0025] In this embodiment, the polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor based on weak amplification includes: a light source module providing a polarization-stable narrow-linewidth light source; a polarization control module for preparing quantum pre-selection and post-selection polarization states; a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber ring resonator composed of a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber and a coupler, with an embedded high-Q resonator; a pointer reading mechanism consisting of a 50:50 polarization-maintaining fiber coupler forming an interference path; and an FPGA data acquisition and control system for acquiring interference fringe intensity and closed-loop control of the quantum states.

[0026] Specifically, the all-fiber optical path includes an all-fiber polarizer, an electric fiber polarization controller, a polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, a polarization-maintaining coupler, a photonic crystal fiber, and a fiber photodetector.

[0027] Specifically, the light source module uses a high-power, high-stability, single-frequency narrowband fiber laser.

[0028] Specifically, the polarization control module consists of an all-fiber polarizer and an electric fiber polarization controller, enabling the conversion between linear, circular, and elliptical polarization states. The controller has a compact structure and integrates a DC servo motor, making it easy to integrate into an FPGA data acquisition and control system to achieve closed-loop precise control of the quantum state.

[0029] Specifically, the polarization control module can generate the "real weak value" in quantum weak measurement techniques. By preparing the same pre-selected state and two different post-selected states, two different real weak values ​​can be obtained. (Equal in size, opposite in sign). After weak value amplification, the relative photon group delay in the two optical paths is amplified. times.

[0030] Specifically, the polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber ring resonator consists of a high-birefringence photonic crystal fiber and a polarization-maintaining fiber coupler. Compared to traditional polarization-maintaining fibers, polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fibers have stronger polarization-maintaining capabilities, maintaining a stable polarization state even under strong interference (bending, stretching, temperature drift), thus exhibiting lower phase noise. Two power reflectivity... A polarization-maintaining fiber coupler and two segments of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber can form a high-performance optical fiber coupler. A high-quality resonant cavity is used to enhance the perception of the Sagnac phase. The phase enhancement factor is the precision of the resonant cavity. Size equal to .

[0031] Specifically, the angular velocity sensor's measurement principle is based on the Sagnac effect, and the measured physical quantity is the angular velocity of the interferometer's rotation. Size. When the interferometer rotates, photons propagating in opposite directions will produce an optical path difference. ( The effective optical path area of ​​the Sagnac interferometer is proportional to the length, number of turns, and area of ​​the fiber loop, corresponding to the group delay of photons. In this embodiment, due to the introduction of the fiber resonator and weak amplification technology, the relative group delay of the two photons interfering at the polarization-maintaining coupler is ultimately [value missing]. Compared to traditional fiber optic gyroscope solutions, the measurement sensitivity is improved. times.

[0032] Specifically, the pointer reading module uses fiber optic interference to read the group delay in the two optical paths. By detecting the intensity changes of the interference results The angular velocity of rotation can be obtained. Size, and the quantitative relationship between the two is: ; Specifically, the FPGA data acquisition and control system features high parallelism, low latency, and flexible configuration, enabling the acquisition, processing, and control feedback of high-speed analog / digital signals. The FPGA can process and display signals measured by the fiber optic photodetector in real time; the FPGA, together with the photon polarization state measurement instrument and the electric fiber polarization controller, forms a closed-loop control system for quantum states, enabling real-time monitoring and manipulation of quantum states and improving the system's robustness.

[0033] In some embodiments, the above-described angular velocity measurement method can also be implemented in the following ways.

[0034] In this embodiment, the structure of the polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor based on weak-value amplification is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the principle and steps of amplifying angular velocity based on weak measurement are as follows: Narrow linewidth laser source 1 outputs a stable, high-intensity light source with a photon center wavelength of [missing value]. .

[0035] The preselective state for weak measurement is prepared by the all-fiber polarizer 2 and the motorized fiber polarization controller 3: ,in and The polarization states are those polarized in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0036] After passing through the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator 4 and the polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter 5, the photon is split into polarized light polarized in the vertical direction. and polarized light polarized along the horizontal direction Polarized light polarized in the vertical direction The optical fiber resonator propagates clockwise, producing polarized light that is polarized in the horizontal direction. After propagating counterclockwise through the fiber resonator, the last two polarized beams are combined by the polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter 5.

[0037] The group delay between the two polarized beams introduced by the Sagnac effect within the fiber loop is: Where F represents the precision of the fiber optic resonant cavity.

[0038] The post-selective state for preparing weak measurements using the electric fiber polarization controller 10 and the all-fiber polarizer 11 is as follows: .in The size of the angle is selected later.

[0039] The post-selective state for preparing weak measurements using the electric fiber polarization controller 12 and the all-fiber polarizer 13 is as follows: .

[0040] Choosing a smaller subsequent angle yields a weak value much greater than one: ,in For the observable operators of the system.

[0041] By detecting the intensity change of the interference result The angular velocity of rotation can be obtained. Size, and the quantitative relationship between the two is:

[0042] Figure 2 This is the result of this embodiment. The parameters are set as follows: polarization-maintaining coupler 6 power reflectivity. (THORLABS: PNH1550R2F1), fineness The fiber optic loop is 3 m long; then the angle is selected. This parameter is selected as the minimum step size of the electric rotary propeller (THORLABS: MPC320); Figure 2 In the diagram, 19 shows the response curve with a post-selection angle of 45 degrees (corresponding to the case without weak value amplification); 20 shows the response curve with a post-selection angle of 0.2 degrees; and 21 shows the response curve with a post-selection angle of 0.12 degrees. Figure 2 The figure shows the curves of signal response versus angular velocity at different post-selection angles. The normalized intensity is set to 1. Curve 19 represents the response without implementing the weak amplification technique of this invention; curves 20 and 21 represent the results without implementing the patented solution. Curves 20 and 21 are steeper, indicating that implementing this patent can improve measurement sensitivity. Furthermore, selecting a smaller post-selection angle can result in greater signal enhancement capability.

[0043] Specifically, in this embodiment, the data acquisition and control module of the polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor based on weak amplification includes an FPGA. The FPGA stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the angular velocity measurement method described above.

[0044] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Any modifications, substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, particularly the introduction of a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber ring resonator and FPGA-based feedback adjustment, should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, under the guidance of the present invention, can make many other modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these modifications are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor based on weak-value amplification, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a light source module (1), a polarization control module, a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber ring resonator, and an interference readout module. The light source module, polarization control module, polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber ring resonator, and interference readout module are connected by optical fibers. The light source module (1) is used to provide polarization-stable, narrow-linewidth laser light. The polarization control module is used to switch between linear polarization, circular polarization, and elliptical polarization to prepare pre-selective and post-selective states for weak value amplification. The polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber ring resonator is used to form an angular velocity measurement optical signal. The interference readout module is used to acquire interference fringes.

2. The polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor based on weak-value amplification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light source module (1) is a polarization-maintaining fiber laser, and the center wavelength of the polarization-maintaining fiber laser is .

3. The polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonant angular velocity sensor based on weak-value amplification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polarization control module includes a first all-fiber polarizer (2) and a first motorized fiber polarization controller (3); the first all-fiber polarizer (2) and the first motorized fiber polarization controller (3) are connected by optical fiber.

4. The polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor based on weak-value amplification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber ring resonator includes a polarization-maintaining fiber circulator (4), a polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter (5), a first polarization-maintaining coupler (6), a second polarization-maintaining coupler (7), and a photonic crystal fiber (8). The polarization-maintaining fiber circulator (4) is connected to one end of the polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter (5) via an optical fiber. The other end of the polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter (5) is connected to the first polarization-maintaining coupler (6) and the second polarization-maintaining coupler (7) via optical fibers. The first polarization-maintaining coupler (6) and the second polarization-maintaining coupler (7) are symmetrically arranged on the ring-shaped photonic crystal fiber (8). The photonic crystal fiber (8) is used to improve the polarization maintenance capability and disturbance resistance stability of the resonator, forming an optical resonant structure with a high quality factor (Q value).

5. The polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonant angular velocity sensor based on weak-value amplification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interferometric reading module includes an optical fiber beam splitter (9), a second electrically driven optical fiber polarization controller (10), a second all-fiber polarizer (11), a third electrically driven optical fiber polarization controller (12), a third all-fiber polarizer (13), a third polarization-maintaining coupler (14), an optical fiber photodetector (15), a first polarization measuring instrument (16), and a second polarization measuring instrument (17). The optical fiber beam splitter (9) is connected to one end of the second electrically driven optical fiber polarization controller (10) and the third electrically driven optical fiber polarization controller (12) via optical fiber. The other end of the device (12) is connected to one end of the second all-fiber polarizer (11) and the third all-fiber polarizer (13) via optical fiber. The other ends of the second all-fiber polarizer (11) and the third all-fiber polarizer (13) are connected to the first polarization measuring instrument (16) and the second polarization measuring instrument (17) via optical fiber. The other ends of the second all-fiber polarizer (11) and the third all-fiber polarizer (13) are also connected to one end of the third polarization-maintaining coupler (14) via optical fiber. The other end of the third polarization-maintaining coupler (14) is connected to the fiber photodetector (15) via optical fiber.

6. The polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor based on weak-value amplification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor based on weak amplification also includes a data acquisition and control module. The data acquisition and control module is used to acquire the intensity of interference fringes, read the group delay between optical paths, calculate the angular velocity signal in real time, and realize closed-loop feedback control of the electric fiber polarization controller.

7. An angular velocity measurement method applied to a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal resonator angular velocity sensor based on weak-value amplification as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Based on the pre-selection and post-selection states for preparing weak measurements, obtain the real weak values; S2: Obtain the intensity of the interference fringes, and obtain the angular velocity based on the intensity of the interference fringes and the real weak value.

8. The angular velocity measurement method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step S1 specifically includes: obtaining the real weak value based on the pre-selected and post-selected states of the weak measurement, as shown in the formula: ， = ， in, It is a weak value of the real number. To prepare the post-selected state for weak measurement, For the observable operators of the system, To prepare the pre-selected state for weak measurement, and These represent the polarization states in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively.

9. The angular velocity measurement method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes: obtaining the interference fringe intensity, and obtaining the angular velocity based on the interference fringe intensity and the real weak value, as shown in the formula: ， in, The intensity of the interference fringes; Normalized intensity; This is the phase enhancement factor, i.e., the fineness of the resonant cavity; This represents the effective optical path area of ​​the Sagnac interferometer. Angular velocity; The speed of light; λ is the center wavelength of the photon.

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