Rotary cultivator reliability test device based on soil substitutes

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary cultivator reliability test device based on soil substitutes. The rotary cultivator reliability test device comprises an intelligent vibration table, an intelligent vibration table moving track arranged below the intelligent vibration table and a rotary cultivator fixing device arranged above the intelligent vibration table. The intelligent vibration table can perform automatic reciprocating motion on the intelligent vibration table moving track and is matched with the rotary cultivator for testing to simulate the front and back working states of the rotary cultivator; and the rotary cultivator fixing device is connected with the rotary cultivator for testing and is used for adjusting the height and angle of the rotary cultivator for testing so as to realize the simulation test of the rotary cultivator for testing on the intelligent vibration table. Compared with a traditional method, the system has the advantages that the whole machine reliability verification period is shortened, the test cost is reduced, the efficiency is improved, and a full-working-condition, multi-dimensional and quantifiable innovative solution is provided for agricultural machine reliability research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery testing equipment technology, specifically to a reliability testing device for rotary tillers based on soil substitutes. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the development of large-scale agriculture, rotary tillers have seen increased application in field operations due to their advantages of efficient soil breaking, land leveling, and labor saving. Their intelligent upgrades and environmentally friendly designs are better suited to the needs of modern agriculture, making them important equipment for improving farming efficiency and achieving soil conservation, and their application scope is gradually expanding. Therefore, the demand for reliability testing of rotary tillers is also increasing.

[0003] Currently, the main reliability tests for rotary tillers focus on inspecting the rotary blades and shaft. The method involves separately mounting the rotary blades and shaft on a test bench, focusing on evaluating their structural strength, operational stability, and durability. The test bench is equipped with high-precision sensors and a data acquisition system to collect and analyze data such as vibration amplitude and power loss rate during shaft rotation. The testing process consists of three stages: First, a no-load test is conducted to confirm that the shaft speed deviation from the rated value does not exceed 5%, eliminating assembly imbalance issues; then, the load is gradually increased to the rated power, and continuous operation is performed, recording abnormalities such as blade edge wear, shaft bending, and abnormal noises from the transmission system; finally, a periodic fatigue test is conducted to simulate continuous tillage, analyzing the probability of blade breakage and the degree of metal fatigue in the shaft. The test results are compared with industry standards to determine component reliability and generate a fault prediction report. This method can expose potential problems such as blade heat treatment defects and uneven shaft material in advance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the current domestic and international competition regarding reliability testing methods and devices for hand-held micro-tillers, which primarily employ partial reliability testing or load analysis of individual components, without proposing a method or device for overall reliability testing of rotary tillers. Therefore, the device designed in this invention fills the technological gap in overall rotary tiller reliability testing, promoting further development in rotary tiller reliability verification.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A reliability testing device for a rotary tiller based on soil substitutes includes an intelligent vibration table, an intelligent vibration table moving track disposed below the intelligent vibration table, and a rotary tiller fixing device disposed above the intelligent vibration table. The intelligent vibration table can automatically reciprocate on the intelligent vibration table moving track to simulate the front and rear working states of the rotary tiller in conjunction with the test rotary tiller. The rotary tiller fixing device is connected to the test rotary tiller and is used to adjust the height and angle of the test rotary tiller to realize the simulated test of the test rotary tiller on the intelligent vibration table.

[0006] Furthermore, a reliability testing device for a rotary tiller based on a soil substitute also includes a soil substitute set in an intelligent vibration table. The soil substitute is a soil-like medium made by mixing rubber particles and high-viscosity mineral oil in a mass ratio of 4:1. Its shear strength matches that of real cultivated soil and it also has self-healing properties. That is, when the vibration table vibrates at a high frequency and a small amplitude, the medium particles that are broken up by the rotary tiller blades can reform into a continuous structure in a short time, so that a single batch of material can be reused.

[0007] Furthermore, the intelligent vibration table includes a square groove, a middle frame, and a lower frame. The square groove is disposed on the middle frame, and the middle frame is disposed on the lower frame by manganese steel springs. A vibration motor is disposed on the middle frame, and track wheel assemblies are disposed at the front and rear of the lower frame, and a motor for driving the track wheel assemblies is disposed on the lower frame.

[0008] Furthermore, the rotary tiller fixing device includes two gantry frames arranged axially along the intelligent vibration table moving track, with a worm gear lift at the top of each gantry frame and casters at the bottom of each gantry frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the intelligent vibration table moving track is equipped with a gantry frame limiting and fixing plate for limiting the movement of the rotary tiller fixing device.

[0010] Furthermore, the track wheel assembly includes a track wheel, a bearing housing, and a track wheel axle, with two bearing housings respectively disposed on both sides of the track wheel axle, and two track wheels respectively disposed at both ends of the track wheel.

[0011] Furthermore, the worm gear jack includes two individual worm gear jacks, a geared motor, and a worm gear jack transmission link. The geared motor is connected to the two individual worm gear jacks via the worm gear jack transmission link.

[0012] Furthermore, infrared sensor assemblies are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the intelligent vibration table's moving track for controlling the reciprocating movement of the intelligent vibration table.

[0013] The design concept of this invention is as follows: This invention represents a groundbreaking innovation in the field of rotary tiller reliability testing, possessing significant engineering application value. Firstly, it innovatively designs a dynamic soil-mimicking medium system. Through a scientific ratio of rubber particles and high-viscosity mineral oil, it constructs a test medium whose shear characteristics closely match those of real soil and possesses self-healing capabilities. After being broken, it can quickly recover through vibration and is recyclable, solving the core pain points of traditional soil media, such as easy compaction and distortion of operating conditions. Secondly, it develops a multi-degree-of-freedom whole-machine testing device, integrating a gantry crane system and an intelligent vibration table. Maintaining a 15-25° operating angle through four-point suspension, combined with horizontal displacement and high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration, it reproduces the real operating conditions of a rotary tiller in the field, filling a technological gap in whole-machine dynamic testing. Compared to traditional methods, this system shortens the whole-machine reliability verification cycle, reduces testing costs, and improves efficiency, providing a comprehensive, multi-dimensional, and quantifiable innovative solution for agricultural machinery reliability research.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1) A whole-machine hoisting test mode is proposed to preserve the field operation posture of the rotary tiller and simultaneously simulate complex working conditions such as travel, vibration, and impact, thereby solving the problem of missed detection of system linkage failure caused by traditional disassembly and testing.

[0015] 2) The rubber particle-mineral oil composite material achieves cutting resistance equivalent to that of real soil, and through high-frequency micro-vibration automatic reconstruction, it breaks through the technical bottleneck of traditional test soil being non-recyclable.

[0016] 3) The intelligent vibration table can simulate various states during the actual tillage process of a rotary tiller by adjusting different frequencies and travel distances, greatly improving the coverage and accuracy of reliability testing.

[0017] Innovation of this invention: Soil substitute materials: the mixing ratio of rubber granules and high-viscosity mineral oil, and vibration parameters that enable material recovery; Mechanical structure of the testing device: a physical combination of a gantry frame and a reciprocating vibration table, combined with a four-point suspension tilt adjustment mechanism; A new mode and corresponding testing method for reliability testing of rotary tillers through whole-machine hoisting. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent vibration table structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the track wheel assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary tiller used for testing the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gantry structure of the present invention; 1. Intelligent vibration table; 11. Square channel; 12. Middle frame; 13. Manganese steel spring; 14. Lower frame; 15. Track wheel; 16. Vibration motor; 17. Motor; 18. Bearing seat; 19. Track wheel axle; 2. Rotary tiller for testing; 21. Single-hole fixing ring; 3. Intelligent vibration table moving track; 4. Rotary tiller fixing device; 41. Worm gear; 42. Turbine platform; 43. Gear motor; 44. Gantry frame; 45. Universal wheel; 46. Worm gear lift transmission link; 5. Gantry frame limit fixing plate; 6. Infrared sensor assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] While current domestic methods for testing the reliability of rotary tillers can assess the basic performance of the blades and cutter shafts, they have significant shortcomings in practical applications. Existing methods only disassemble the blades and cutter shafts for individual testing. Although they can detect surface problems such as blade wear and cutter shaft deformation, they ignore the fact that a rotary tiller is a holistic, interconnected system during actual farming. For example, vibrations from the tractor's suspension are transmitted to the cutter shaft through the machine body, and a stone suddenly getting stuck in the blades can cause the entire machine to shake violently. This partial testing method can never truly obtain the overall reliability of the rotary tiller.

[0021] This invention addresses key challenges in the reliability testing of rotary tillers by innovatively constructing a dynamic testing system for the entire machine. The core breakthrough lies in the organic integration of a self-developed soil substitute material and a machine-linked testing platform: a soil-simulating medium is created by mixing rubber particles (2-5mm in diameter) and high-viscosity mineral oil in a 4:1 mass ratio. Its shear strength closely matches that of real topsoil and it possesses a unique "self-healing" characteristic—when the vibration table vibrates at high frequency and small amplitude, the medium particles dispersed by the rotary tiller blades can quickly reform into a continuous structure. Each batch of material can be reused, completely solving the problems of soil compaction and distorted testing conditions in traditional tests. The testing platform consists of a gantry crane system and an intelligent vibration table: the gantry crane has a maximum load capacity of 2 tons, maintaining the rotary tiller at a field operating angle of 15-25° via a four-point suspension device; the vibration table is equipped with dual linear motors, enabling horizontal reciprocating movement of ±1.5m, accurately simulating complex working conditions such as field movement and bumps, in conjunction with the vibration of the intelligent vibration table. This invention provides a platform for testing the overall reliability of rotary tillers, which can discover defects in individual parts and identify potential problems caused by the linkage of multiple components. Example

[0022] like Figure 1-5 As shown, A reliability testing device for a rotary tiller based on soil substitutes includes an intelligent vibration table 1, a test rotary tiller 2, an intelligent vibration table moving track 3, and a rotary tiller fixing device 4. The intelligent vibration table 1 can automatically reciprocate on the intelligent vibration table moving track 3, and work with the test rotary tiller 2 to simulate the front and rear working states of the rotary tiller. The intelligent vibration table moving track 3 is equipped with infrared sensor components 6 at the front and rear ends, which are used to control the reciprocating movement of the intelligent vibration table 1.

[0023] The intelligent vibration table includes a square groove 11, a middle frame 12, and a lower frame 14. The square groove 11 is set on the middle frame 12, which is mounted on the lower frame 14 via four manganese steel springs 13. The middle frame 12 is equipped with six vibration motors 16 (the six vibration motors are respectively set around the middle frame 12 and at the bottom). The lower frame 14 is equipped with drive track wheel assemblies consisting of track wheels 15, bearing seats 18, and track wheel shafts 19 at the front and rear, respectively. The drive track wheel assemblies at the front or rear of the lower frame 14 are connected to motors 17 for driving the intelligent vibration table.

[0024] The square trench 11 contains a soil substitute, which is a soil-like medium made of rubber particles and high-viscosity mineral oil in a mass ratio of 4:1. Its shear strength is consistent with that of real cultivated soil, and it also has self-healing properties. That is, when the vibrating table vibrates at a high frequency and a small amplitude, the medium particles that are broken up by the rotary tillage blade can reform into a continuous structure in a short time, so that a single batch of material can be reused.

[0025] In this embodiment, the intelligent vibration table moving track 3 is provided with a gantry limit fixing plate 5, which is used to limit the movement of the rotary tiller fixing device and prevent the gantry 44 from moving during the test.

[0026] Working principle of the intelligent vibration table: The prepared soil substitute material is placed in the square trench 11, and the vibration motor 16 provides three-dimensional vibration in the x, y, and z directions to achieve continuous restoration of the material in the trench. The intelligent vibration table 1 moves on the intelligent vibration table track 3 through the track wheel axle 19, track wheel 15, and 1.5kw three-in-one motor 17 mounted on the lower frame 1 of the intelligent vibration table.

[0027] The rotary tiller fixing device is connected to the test rotary tiller 2 and is fixed at four points. It is used to adjust the height and angle of the test rotary tiller 2 so that the test rotary tiller 2 can be simulated on the intelligent vibration table 1.

[0028] The rotary tiller fixing device includes two gantry frames 44 arranged along the axis of the intelligent vibration table moving track 3. Each gantry frame 44 is equipped with a worm gear lift at the top and casters 45 at the bottom.

[0029] Each gantry 44 includes two worm gear lift units, and there are a total of four worm gear lift units on the two gantry 44, providing four points of fixation for the test rotary tiller 2; The worm gear jack includes a geared motor 43 and a worm gear jack transmission link 46. The geared motor 43 is connected to two individual worm gear jacks via the worm gear jack transmission link 46. In this embodiment, the individual worm gear jack includes a worm 41 and a turbine platform 42 that cooperates with the worm 41.

[0030] The fixed operation of the rotary tiller used in this invention test: through two Figure 5 The device shown achieves four-point fixation of the rotary tiller. Specifically, one end of the steel wire rope is fixed to the end of the worm gear 41, and the other end is fixed to the front crossbeam of the rotary tiller, thus fixing the front end of the rotary tiller. Another end of the steel wire rope is fixed to the end of the worm gear 41, and the other end is fixed to the middle of the two single-hole fixing rings on the rotary tiller handle to prevent the steel wire rope from moving back and forth, thus fixing the rear end of the rotary tiller. The height difference between the front and rear steel wire ropes simulates the soil entry angle of the rotary tiller in the field. The overall lifting of the rotary tiller is achieved by a 1.5kW geared motor 43, which, through the worm gear jack transmission linkage 46, synchronously raises and lowers the two worm gears on the gantry frame 44.

[0031] The workflow for whole-machine dynamic testing: 1. Place the prepared soil substitute material into the square groove of the intelligent vibration table; 2. Secure the rotary tiller using the rotary tiller fixing device and then lift it to a fixed height using a worm gear lift; 3. Limit the two gantry frames in both directions using the gantry frame limiting and fixing plates and the intelligent vibration table moving track; 4. Lower the rotary tiller using the worm gear lift, keeping the rotary blades at a safe distance from the bottom of the square groove, and adjust it to the appropriate angle; 5. After the rotary tiller is started, the intelligent vibration table is activated to keep the soil replacement material in the square trench in a restored state. At the same time, the back-and-forth movement of the vibration table simulates the back-and-forth working state of the rotary tiller. 6. After the rotary tiller has been working continuously for 18 hours, the rotary blades, blade shaft, and screw connection status are inspected accordingly, and the inspection results are obtained.

[0032] The experimental setup allows for the following adjustments during testing: 1. When the rotary tiller is fixed using a gantry frame, the height difference can be customized by fine-tuning the worm gear lifts on the front and rear gantry frames. This allows for the simulation of the stress state of the rotary tiller when tilling the soil at different angles in real-world conditions. 2. For the six vibrating motors mounted on this experimental setup, different vibration patterns can be achieved by adjusting the eccentricity of each motor. This alters the soil compaction, recovery speed, and other indicators during the rotary tiller reliability test, thus simulating the reliability of the rotary tiller under different working conditions. 3. During testing, the rotational speed of the reciprocating motor can be adjusted to simulate the movement speed of the rotary tiller in a real-world tillage scenario.

[0033] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Any technical solution that can be implemented based on the above embodiments without creative effort should be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reliability testing device for rotary tillers based on soil substitutes, characterized in that, The system includes an intelligent vibration table (1), an intelligent vibration table moving track (3) located below the intelligent vibration table (1), and a rotary tiller fixing device (4) located above the intelligent vibration table (1). The intelligent vibration table (1) can automatically reciprocate on the intelligent vibration table moving track (3) to simulate the front and rear working states of the rotary tiller in conjunction with the test rotary tiller (2). The rotary tiller fixing device is connected to the test rotary tiller (2) and is used to adjust the height and angle of the test rotary tiller (2) to realize the test rotary tiller (2) simulation test on the intelligent vibration table (1).

2. The rotary tiller reliability testing device based on soil substitutes according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a soil substitute set in the intelligent vibration table (1). The soil substitute is a soil-like medium made by mixing rubber particles and high-viscosity mineral oil in a mass ratio of 4:

1. Its shear strength is consistent with that of the real cultivated soil layer. At the same time, it has self-healing properties. That is, when the vibration table vibrates at a high frequency and a small amplitude, the medium particles that are broken up by the rotary tillage blade can reform into a continuous structure in a short time, so that a single batch of material can be reused.

3. The rotary tiller reliability testing device based on soil substitutes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent vibration table includes a square groove (11), a middle frame (12) and a lower frame (14). The square groove (11) is set on the middle frame (12). The middle frame (12) is set on the lower frame (14) by manganese steel springs (13). The middle frame (12) is equipped with a vibration motor (16). The lower frame (14) is equipped with track wheel assemblies at the front and rear, and the lower frame (14) is equipped with a motor (17) for driving the track wheel assemblies.

4. The rotary tiller reliability testing device based on soil substitutes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary tiller fixing device includes two gantry frames (44) arranged along the axial direction of the intelligent vibration table moving track (3). The top of the gantry frames (44) is provided with a worm gear lift, and the bottom of the gantry frames (44) is provided with casters (45).

5. The rotary tiller reliability testing device based on soil substitutes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent vibration table moving track (3) is equipped with a gantry frame limiting plate (5) for limiting the movement of the rotary tiller fixing device.

6. The rotary tiller reliability testing device based on soil substitutes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The track wheel assembly includes a track wheel (15), a bearing seat (18), and a track wheel shaft (19). The two bearing seats (18) are respectively disposed on both sides of the track wheel shaft (19), and the two track wheels (15) are respectively disposed at both ends of the track wheel (15).

7. The rotary tiller reliability testing device based on soil substitutes according to claim 4, characterized in that, The worm gear jack includes two worm gear jack units, a geared motor (43) and a worm gear jack transmission link (46). The geared motor (43) is connected to the two worm gear jack units respectively through the worm gear jack transmission link (46).

8. The rotary tiller reliability testing device based on soil substitutes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front and rear ends of the intelligent vibration table moving track (3) are respectively equipped with infrared sensor components (6) for the reciprocating movement control of the intelligent vibration table (1).

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