Device and method for preparing rock-soil bodies with different densities and variable-dip-angle interlayers

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of rock-soil / geological engineering test equipment, and particularly relates to a device and method for preparing rock-soil bodies with variable dip angle interlayers and different compactness. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, presetting the densities of an upper-layer undisturbed soil-rock mixture, a cemented soil-rock mixture and a lower-layer undisturbed soil-rock mixture according to experimental requirements, and calculating the required masses of the upper-layer undisturbed soil-rock mixture, the cemented soil-rock mixture and the lower-layer undisturbed soil-rock mixture; preparing an upper-layer undisturbed soil-rock mixture, a cemented soil-rock mixture and a lower-layer undisturbed soil-rock mixture, adjusting the sample box to a preset angle through an adjusting mechanism, sequentially filling the sample box with the lower-layer undisturbed soil-rock mixture, the cemented soil-rock mixture and the upper-layer undisturbed soil-rock mixture, and respectively compacting to required height or thickness; and the required interlayer rock-soil body is obtained after maintenance is completed. By means of the device, the interlayer rock-soil body close to actual engineering working conditions such as layered cementing and backfilling can be obtained, and meanwhile the inclination angle of the interlayer in the interlayer rock-soil body is adjustable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical / geological engineering testing equipment, and particularly relates to a device and preparation method for preparing rock and soil bodies with varying densities and interlayers with different dip angles. Background Technology

[0002] Interlayer structures are widely developed in both deep and shallow rock and soil masses. Their formation mechanisms and physical and mechanical properties exhibit significant diversity, playing a crucial controlling role in the overall mechanical response and stability of rock and soil masses. In complex engineering geological environments such as slopes, dam foundations, and tunnel surrounding rock, the dip angle, thickness differences, material properties, and density distribution of interlayers directly affect the strength characteristics, failure modes, and deformation characteristics of rock and soil masses, making them important control factors for ensuring engineering safety and preventing geological disasters.

[0003] Current geotechnical engineering model testing devices have significant limitations in simulating sandwich structures: the inclination angle of the sandwich is not adjustable, and the model construction often adopts the method of integral grouting or homogeneous soil, which makes it difficult to effectively simulate actual engineering conditions such as layered cementation and backfilling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for preparing rock and soil bodies with varying densities and dip angles, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] An apparatus for preparing interlayered rock and soil with different densities and varying dip angles includes: a base plate, a vertical pole fixedly connected to the top surface of the base plate, the vertical pole being vertically arranged, a bearing plate hinged to the top of the vertical pole, a sample box being arranged on the top surface of the bearing plate, and an adjustment mechanism being drivenly connected to one end of the bearing plate, the adjustment mechanism being fixedly connected to the top surface of the base plate.

[0007] In the apparatus for preparing interlayered rock and soil with different densities and varying dip angles according to the present invention, the adjusting mechanism includes a second vertical plate, which is fixed to the top surface of the base plate. The second vertical plate is vertically arranged, and a second sliding groove is provided in the second vertical plate. A second through groove is connected to one side of the second sliding groove. The second through groove is located on one side of the second vertical plate, and both the second sliding groove and the second through groove are vertically arranged.

[0008] A rack is vertically slidably connected in the second groove, and a drive assembly is connected to the rack. A second slide rod is hinged to the rack, and the second slide rod extends out of the second through groove and is slidably connected in the slide hole. The slide hole is opened in the support plate and is arranged along the length direction of the support plate.

[0009] In the apparatus for preparing interlayered rock and soil with different densities and varying dip angles according to the present invention, the driving component includes a mounting box fixed to one side of the second vertical plate. A gear is rotatably connected inside the mounting box. The gear passes through a through hole and meshes with the rack. The through hole is opened on the second vertical plate and communicates with the second sliding groove. The gear meshes with a worm gear. The worm gear is rotatably connected inside the mounting box via a rotating shaft. One end of the rotating shaft extends out of the mounting box and is coaxially fixed to a handwheel.

[0010] In the apparatus for preparing interlayered rock and soil with different densities and varying dip angles according to the present invention, a scale is fixedly connected to one side of the bearing plate. The scale is coaxially arranged with the hinge point of the bearing plate and the upright. A pointer is fixedly connected to the upright. The pointer is arranged corresponding to the scale and points to the scale line of the scale.

[0011] In the apparatus for preparing interlayered rock and soil with different densities and varying dip angles according to the present invention, a first vertical plate is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom plate, a first sliding groove is provided in the first vertical plate, a first through groove is provided on one side of the first vertical plate, the first through groove is connected to the first sliding groove, and both the first through groove and the first sliding groove are vertically arranged.

[0012] A slider is vertically slidably connected in the first groove, and a first sliding rod is hinged on the slider. The first sliding rod passes through the first through groove and is slidably connected in another sliding hole. The other sliding hole is opened in the support plate and is arranged along the length direction of the support plate.

[0013] A method for preparing interlayered rock and soil masses with different densities and varying dip angles, based on the aforementioned apparatus for preparing interlayered rock and soil masses with different densities and varying dip angles, comprises the following steps:

[0014] The sample box is placed on the top surface of the bearing plate. The angle of the sample box is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism. The lower layer of undisturbed soil and rock mixture is filled to the bottom of the sample box and compacted to a preset height. The cemented soil and rock mixture is filled into the sample box and compacted to a preset thickness. The upper layer of undisturbed soil and rock mixture is filled into the sample box and compacted to the top of the sample box. After curing for a set time, the interlayered rock and soil body is obtained.

[0015] In the method for preparing interlayered rock and soil with different densities and varying dip angles according to the present invention, before filling the sample box with the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture, the cemented soil-rock mixture, and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture, the densities of the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture, the cemented soil-rock mixture, and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture are preset based on experimental requirements. Based on the length, width, and height of the sample box and the preset densities of the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture, the cemented soil-rock mixture, and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture, the required mass information of the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture, the cemented soil-rock mixture, and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture is obtained.

[0016] In the method for preparing interlayered rock and soil bodies with varying densities and inclination angles according to the present invention, when obtaining the required mass information of the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture, the cemented soil-rock mixture, and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture, the volume information of the interlayered rock and soil body, the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture, the cemented soil-rock mixture, and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture is first obtained based on the length, width, and height of the sample box. The included angle of the diagonal of the sample box is compared with the inclination angle of the cemented soil-rock mixture. Based on the comparison result, a first calculation method or a second calculation method is selected. The mass of the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture, the cemented soil-rock mixture, and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture is calculated based on the first calculation method or the second calculation method.

[0017] In the method for preparing interlayered rock and soil with different densities and varying dip angles according to the present invention, when the included angle of the diagonals of the sample box is greater than the dip angle of the cemented soil-rock mixture, the first calculation method is selected:

[0018] m1=ρ1·V1=1 / 2·( h- l1)·l· a ·ρ1;

[0019] m2=ρ2·V2=l1·l·a·ρ2;

[0020] Wherein, m1 is the mass of the upper or lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture, m2 is the mass of the cemented soil-rock mixture, ρ1 is the density of the upper or lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture, ρ2 is the density of the cemented soil-rock mixture, h is the sample height, l is the sample length, a is the sample width, l1 is the thickness of the cemented soil-rock mixture, V1 is the volume of the upper or lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture, and V2 is the volume of the cemented soil-rock mixture.

[0021] In the method for preparing interlayered rock and soil with different densities and varying dip angles according to the present invention, when the included angle of the diagonals of the sample box is smaller than the dip angle of the cemented soil-rock mixture, the second calculation method is selected:

[0022] m1=ρ1·V1=1 / 2·( l-l 1)· h · a ·ρ1;

[0023] m2=ρ2·V2=l1·h·a·ρ2;

[0024] Wherein, m1 is the mass of the upper or lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture, m2 is the mass of the cemented soil-rock mixture, ρ1 is the density of the upper or lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture, ρ2 is the density of the cemented soil-rock mixture, h is the sample height, l is the sample length, a is the sample width, l1 is the thickness of the cemented soil-rock mixture, V1 is the volume of the upper or lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture, and V2 is the volume of the cemented soil-rock mixture.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0026] When using the device of the present invention, the densities of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture, cemented soil-rock mixture, and lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture are preset according to experimental requirements, and the required masses of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture, cemented soil-rock mixture, and lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture are calculated. The upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture, cemented soil-rock mixture, and lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture are then prepared. The sample box is adjusted to a preset angle by adjusting the adjustment mechanism, and the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture, cemented soil-rock mixture, and upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture are sequentially filled and compacted to the required height or thickness. After curing, the required interlayered rock and soil body is obtained.

[0027] The device of the present invention can obtain interlayered rock and soil masses that are similar to actual engineering conditions such as layered cementation and backfilling, and the inclination angle of the interlayered rock and soil masses is adjustable. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the second vertical plate in this invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of layered cementitious body model structure;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second type of layered cementitious body model structure;

[0033] The components are as follows: 1. Base plate; 2. Upright pole; 3. Pointer; 4. Dial; 5. First upright plate; 6. First sliding groove; 7. Sliding block; 8. First through groove; 9. First sliding rod; 10. Bearing plate; 11. Sliding hole; 12. Sample box; 13. Upper layer of undisturbed soil-rock mixture; 14. Cemented soil-rock mixture; 15. Lower layer of undisturbed soil-rock mixture; 16. Second upright plate; 17. Second sliding groove; 18. Second through groove; 19. Rack; 20. Through hole; 21. Gear; 22. Second sliding rod; 23. Mounting box; 24. Handwheel; 25. Worm gear; 26. Rotating shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] Reference Figures 1 to 2 The present invention discloses an apparatus for preparing interlayered rock and soil with different densities and varying dip angles, comprising: a base plate 1, a vertical rod 2 fixedly connected to the top surface of the base plate 1, the vertical rod 2 being vertically arranged, a bearing plate 10 hinged to the top of the vertical rod 2, a sample box 12 being arranged on the top surface of the bearing plate 10, and an adjustment mechanism being drivenly connected to one end of the bearing plate 10, the adjustment mechanism being fixedly connected to the top surface of the base plate 1.

[0037] When using the device of the present invention, the densities of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13, cemented soil-rock mixture 14, and lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15 are preset according to experimental requirements, and the required masses of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13, cemented soil-rock mixture 14, and lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15 are calculated. The upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13, cemented soil-rock mixture 14, and lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15 are then prepared. The sample box 12 is adjusted to a preset angle by adjusting the adjustment mechanism, and the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, cemented soil-rock mixture 14, and upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13 are sequentially filled and compacted to the required height or thickness. After curing, the required interlayered rock and soil body is obtained.

[0038] The device of the present invention can obtain interlayered rock and soil masses that are similar to actual engineering conditions such as layered cementation and backfilling, and the inclination angle of the interlayered rock and soil masses is adjustable.

[0039] In one alternative embodiment, the adjustment mechanism includes a second vertical plate 16, which is fixed to the top surface of the base plate 1. The second vertical plate 16 is vertically arranged, and a second sliding groove 17 is provided inside the second vertical plate 16. A second through groove 18 is connected to one side of the second sliding groove 17. The second through groove 18 is opened on one side of the second vertical plate 16. Both the second sliding groove 17 and the second through groove 18 are vertically arranged.

[0040] A rack 19 is vertically slidably connected in the second slide groove 17. The rack 19 is driven by a drive assembly. The rack 19 is hinged to a second slide rod 22. The second slide rod 22 extends out of the second through groove 18 and is slidably connected in the slide hole 11. The slide hole 11 is opened in the support plate 10 and is set along the length direction of the support plate 10.

[0041] In one alternative embodiment, the drive assembly includes a mounting box 23 fixed to one side of the second vertical plate 16. A gear 21 is rotatably connected inside the mounting box 23. The gear 21 passes through a through hole 20 and meshes with a rack 19. The through hole 20 is opened on the second vertical plate 16 and communicates with a second slide groove 17. The gear 21 meshes with a worm gear 25. The worm gear 25 is rotatably connected inside the mounting box 23 via a rotating shaft 26. One end of the rotating shaft 26 extends out of the mounting box 23 and is coaxially fixed to a handwheel 24.

[0042] Rotating the handwheel 24 causes the worm gear 25 to rotate via the shaft 26. The worm gear 25 then drives the gear 21 to rotate, which in turn drives the rack 19 to move. The rack 19 then changes the angle of the bearing plate 10 via the second slide rod 22.

[0043] The worm gear 25 drives the gear 21 to rotate, and the gear 21 drives the rack 19 to move. This configuration enables the gear 21 to self-lock without the need for additional locking structures.

[0044] In one alternative embodiment, a dial 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the support plate 10. The dial 4 is coaxially arranged with the hinge point of the support plate 10 and the upright 2. A pointer 3 is fixedly connected to the upright 2. The pointer 3 is arranged corresponding to the dial 4 and points to the scale line of the dial 4.

[0045] The tilt angle can be displayed intuitively by using dial 4 and pointer 3.

[0046] In one alternative, a first vertical plate 5 is fixed to the top surface of the base plate 1. A first sliding groove 6 is provided in the first vertical plate 5. A first through groove 8 is provided on one side of the first vertical plate 5. The first through groove 8 communicates with the first sliding groove 6. Both the first through groove 8 and the first sliding groove 6 are vertically arranged.

[0047] A slider 7 is vertically slidably connected in the first slide groove 6. A first slide rod 9 is hinged on the slider 7. The first slide rod 9 passes through the first through groove 8 and is slidably connected in another slide hole 11. The other slide hole 11 is opened in the support plate 10 and is set along the length direction of the support plate 10.

[0048] This configuration makes the support plate 10 more stable.

[0049] A method for preparing rock and soil masses with varying densities and interlayers at different dip angles, based on an apparatus for preparing such masses, comprises the following steps:

[0050] The sample box 12 is placed on the top surface of the bearing plate 10. The angle of the sample box 12 is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism. The lower layer of undisturbed soil and rock mixture 15 is filled to the bottom of the sample box 12 and compacted to the preset height. The cemented soil and rock mixture 14 is filled into the sample box 12 and compacted to the preset thickness. The upper layer of undisturbed soil and rock mixture 13 is filled into the sample box 12 and compacted to the top of the sample box 12. After curing for a set time, the interlayered rock and soil body is obtained.

[0051] In one alternative approach, before filling the sample box 12 with the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, the cemented soil-rock mixture 14, and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13, the densities of the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, the cemented soil-rock mixture 14, and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13 are preset based on the test requirements. Based on the length, width, and height of the sample box 12 and the preset densities of the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, the cemented soil-rock mixture 14, and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13, the required mass information of the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, the cemented soil-rock mixture 14, and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13 is obtained.

[0052] In one alternative approach, when obtaining the required mass information of the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, cemented soil-rock mixture 14, and upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13, the volume information of the interlayered rock and soil, the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, the cemented soil-rock mixture 14, and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13 is first obtained based on the length, width, and height of the sample box 12. The included angle of the diagonal of the sample box 12 is compared with the inclination angle of the cemented soil-rock mixture 14. Based on the comparison result, a first calculation method or a second calculation method is selected, and the mass of the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, the cemented soil-rock mixture 14, and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13 is calculated based on the first calculation method or the second calculation method.

[0053] In one alternative approach, refer to Figure 4 When the included angle of the diagonals of sample box 12 is greater than the inclination angle of cemented soil-rock mixture 14, the first calculation method shall be selected:

[0054] m1=ρ1·V1=1 / 2·( h-l 1)· l · a ·ρ1;

[0055] m2=ρ2·V2=l1·l·a·ρ2;

[0056] Wherein, m1 is the mass of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13 or the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, m2 is the mass of the cemented soil-rock mixture 14, ρ1 is the density of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13 or the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, ρ2 is the density of the cemented soil-rock mixture 14, h is the sample height, l is the sample length, a is the sample width, l1 is the thickness of the cemented soil-rock mixture 14, V1 is the volume of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13 or the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, and V2 is the volume of the cemented soil-rock mixture 14.

[0057] In one alternative approach, refer to Figure 3 When the included angle of the diagonals of sample box 12 is less than the inclination angle of cemented soil-rock mixture 14, the second calculation method shall be selected:

[0058] m1=ρ1·V1=1 / 2·( l-l 1)· h · a ·ρ1;

[0059] m2=ρ2·V2=l1·h·a·ρ2;

[0060] Wherein, m1 is the mass of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13 or the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, m2 is the mass of the cemented soil-rock mixture 14, ρ1 is the density of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13 or the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, ρ2 is the density of the cemented soil-rock mixture 14, h is the sample height, l is the sample length, a is the sample width, l1 is the thickness of the cemented soil-rock mixture 14, V1 is the volume of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13 or the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, and V2 is the volume of the cemented soil-rock mixture 14.

[0061] Specific experimental methods:

[0062] Based on the length, width, and height of the sample box 12, the densities of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13, the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, and the cemented soil-rock mixture 14, and the width of the cemented soil-rock mixture 14, calculate the masses of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13, the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, and the cemented soil-rock mixture 14. Determine whether to use the first or second calculation method based on the comparison between the inclination angle of the cemented soil-rock mixture 14 and the angle between the diagonal of the sample box 12.

[0063] When the included angle of the diagonals of sample box 12 is greater than the inclination angle of cemented soil-rock mixture 14, the first calculation method shall be selected:

[0064] m1=ρ1·V1=1 / 2·( h-l 1)· l · a ·ρ1;

[0065] m2=ρ2·V2=l1·l·a·ρ2;

[0066] When the included angle of the diagonals of sample box 12 is less than the inclination angle of cemented soil-rock mixture 14, the second calculation method shall be selected:

[0067] m1=ρ1·V1=1 / 2·( l-l 1)· h · a ·ρ1;

[0068] m2=ρ2·V2=l1·h·a·ρ2;

[0069] Wherein, m1 is the mass of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13 or the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, m2 is the mass of the cemented soil-rock mixture 14, ρ1 is the density of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13 or the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, ρ2 is the density of the cemented soil-rock mixture 14, h is the sample height, l is the sample length, a is the sample width, l1 is the thickness of the cemented soil-rock mixture 14, V1 is the volume of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13 or the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15, and V2 is the volume of the cemented soil-rock mixture 14.

[0070] Rotating the handwheel 24 causes the worm gear 25 to rotate via the shaft 26. The worm gear 25 then drives the gear 21 to rotate, which in turn moves the rack 19. The rack 19, through the second slide rod 22, changes the angle of the bearing plate 10, thereby adjusting the angle of the sample box 12 to a preset angle. The lower layer of undisturbed soil-rock mixture 15 is filled into the bottom of the sample box 12 and compacted to a preset height. The cemented soil-rock mixture 14 is filled into the sample box 12 and compacted to a preset thickness. The upper layer of undisturbed soil-rock mixture 13 is filled into the sample box 12 and compacted to the top. After curing for a set time, the interlayered soil and rock mass is obtained. The sample box 12 containing the interlayered soil and rock mass is removed and placed in a shearing device. The shearing loading device is activated, and the sample is sheared at a constant shear rate or load. Shear stress-displacement data is collected in real time. Based on the collected tilt angle, load, and displacement data, parameters such as the shear strength and shear modulus of the sample are calculated, and the data is processed and analyzed.

[0071] By changing the stone content, interlayer inclination angle, or particle size group, the above steps are repeated to obtain the comparison results of shear performance under various working conditions.

[0072] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0073] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for preparing rock and soil masses with varying densities and interlayers of different dip angles, characterized in that, include: A base plate (1) is provided with a vertical pole (2) fixedly connected to its top surface. The vertical pole (2) is vertically arranged and a bearing plate (10) is hinged to its top end. A sample box (12) is provided on the top surface of the bearing plate (10). An adjustment mechanism is connected to one end of the bearing plate (10) and the adjustment mechanism is fixedly connected to the top surface of the base plate (1).

2. The apparatus for preparing interlayered rock and soil with different densities and varying dip angles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes a second vertical plate (16), which is fixed to the top surface of the base plate (1). The second vertical plate (16) is vertically arranged, and a second sliding groove (17) is provided in the second vertical plate (16). A second through groove (18) is connected to one side of the second sliding groove (17). The second through groove (18) is located on one side of the second vertical plate (16). Both the second sliding groove (17) and the second through groove (18) are vertically arranged. A rack (19) is vertically slidably connected in the second groove (17). The rack (19) is driven by a drive assembly. The rack (19) is hinged to a second slide rod (22). The second slide rod (22) extends out of the second through groove (18) and is slidably connected in a slide hole (11). The slide hole (11) is opened in the support plate (10) and is arranged along the length direction of the support plate (10).

3. The apparatus for preparing interlayered rock and soil with different densities and varying dip angles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a mounting box (23) fixed to one side of the second upright plate (16). A gear (21) is rotatably connected inside the mounting box (23). The gear (21) passes through a through hole (20) and meshes with the rack (19). The through hole (20) is opened on the second upright plate (16) and communicates with the second slide groove (17). The gear (21) meshes with a worm gear (25). The worm gear (25) is rotatably connected inside the mounting box (23) via a rotating shaft (26). One end of the rotating shaft (26) extends out of the mounting box (23) and is coaxially fixed with a handwheel (24).

4. The apparatus for preparing interlayered rock and soil with different densities and varying dip angles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dial (4) is fixedly connected to one side of the support plate (10). The dial (4) is coaxially arranged with the hinge point of the support plate (10) and the upright (2). A pointer (3) is fixedly connected to the upright (2). The pointer (3) is arranged corresponding to the dial (4). The pointer (3) points to the scale line of the dial (4).

5. The apparatus for preparing interlayered rock and soil with different densities and varying dip angles according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first vertical plate (5) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the base plate (1). A first sliding groove (6) is provided in the first vertical plate (5). A first through groove (8) is provided on one side of the first vertical plate (5). The first through groove (8) is connected to the first sliding groove (6). Both the first through groove (8) and the first sliding groove (6) are vertically arranged. A slider (7) is vertically slidably connected in the first groove (6). A first sliding rod (9) is hinged on the slider (7). The first sliding rod (9) passes through the first through groove (8) and is slidably connected in another sliding hole (11). The other sliding hole (11) is opened in the support plate (10) and is arranged along the length direction of the support plate (10).

6. A method for preparing interlayered rock and soil masses with varying densities and dip angles, based on the apparatus for preparing interlayered rock and soil masses with varying densities and dip angles according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: The sample box (12) is placed on the top surface of the bearing plate (10). The angle of the sample box (12) is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism. The lower layer of undisturbed soil and rock mixture (15) is filled into the bottom of the sample box (12) and compacted to a preset height. The cemented soil and rock mixture (14) is filled into the sample box (12) and compacted to a preset thickness. The upper layer of undisturbed soil and rock mixture (13) is filled into the sample box (12) and compacted to the top of the sample box (12). After curing for a set time, the interlayered rock and soil body is obtained.

7. The method for preparing rock and soil masses with varying densities and dip angles according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before filling the sample box (12) with the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture (15), the cemented soil-rock mixture (14), and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture (13), the densities of the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture (15), the cemented soil-rock mixture (14), and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture (13) are preset based on the test requirements. Based on the length, width, and height of the sample box (12) and the preset densities of the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture (15), the cemented soil-rock mixture (14), and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture (13), the required mass information of the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture (15), the cemented soil-rock mixture (14), and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture (13) is obtained.

8. The method for preparing rock and soil masses with varying densities and dip angles according to claim 7, characterized in that: When obtaining the required mass information of the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture (15), the cemented soil-rock mixture (14), and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture (13), the volume information of the interlayered rock and soil, the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture (15), the cemented soil-rock mixture (14), and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture (13) is first obtained based on the length, width, and height of the sample box (12). The angle between the diagonal of the sample box (12) and the inclination angle of the cemented soil-rock mixture (14) are compared. Based on the comparison result, a first calculation method or a second calculation method is selected. Based on the first calculation method or the second calculation method, the mass of the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture (15), the cemented soil-rock mixture (14), and the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture (13) is calculated.

9. The method for preparing rock and soil masses with varying densities and dip angles according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the included angle of the diagonals of the sample box (12) is greater than the inclination angle of the cemented soil-rock mixture (14), the first calculation method is selected: m1=ρ1·V1=1 / 2·( h-l 1) l · a ·p1; m2=ρ2·V2=l1·l·a·ρ2; Wherein, m1 is the mass of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture (13) or the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture (15), m2 is the mass of the cemented soil-rock mixture (14), ρ1 is the density of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture (13) or the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture (15), ρ2 is the density of the cemented soil-rock mixture (14), h is the sample height, l is the sample length, a is the sample width, l1 is the thickness of the cemented soil-rock mixture (14), V1 is the volume of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture (13) or the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture (15), and V2 is the volume of the cemented soil-rock mixture (14).

10. The method for preparing rock and soil masses with varying densities and dip angles according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the included angle of the diagonals of the sample box (12) is less than the inclination angle of the cemented soil-rock mixture (14), the second calculation method is selected: m1=ρ1·V1=1 / 2·( l-l 1) h · a ·p1; m2=ρ2·V2=l1·h·a·ρ2; Wherein, m1 is the mass of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture (13) or the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture (15), m2 is the mass of the cemented soil-rock mixture (14), ρ1 is the density of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture (13) or the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture (15), ρ2 is the density of the cemented soil-rock mixture (14), h is the sample height, l is the sample length, a is the sample width, l1 is the thickness of the cemented soil-rock mixture (14), V1 is the volume of the upper undisturbed soil-rock mixture (13) or the lower undisturbed soil-rock mixture (15), and V2 is the volume of the cemented soil-rock mixture (14).

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