Partition performance testing device of flat-plate SOEC battery and testing method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a partition performance testing device and method for a flat plate type SOEC battery, the surfaces of an anode and a cathode of a flat plate type SOEC single battery to be tested are respectively provided with a plurality of anode current collectors and a plurality of cathode current collectors which are divided into four independent conductive partitions, and the distance between the partitions is greater than or equal to 4mm; the test fixture comprises a cathode end plate and an anode end plate, the cathode end plate is provided with a cathode partition current collection flow channel, and the anode end plate is provided with an anode partition current collection flow channel; the cathode current collector is attached to the cathode partition current collecting runner, and the anode current collector is attached to the anode partition current collecting runner; each subarea corresponding to the cathode end plate is provided with a cathode current collecting column in contact with the cathode current collector; and each partition corresponding to the anode end plate is provided with an anode current collecting column in contact with the anode current collector. According to the technical scheme of the invention, the device has a good current collection effect and air tightness at a high temperature, and is more accurate in measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell testing technology, and in particular to a partitioned performance testing device and method for planar SOEC batteries. Background Technology

[0002] Solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) technology, with its high efficiency and enormous potential in fuel synthesis, has become one of the strategic technologies for achieving large-scale green hydrogen production. SOEC and solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) are reversible processes, requiring excellent ionic conductivity at high temperatures of 600–800°C to achieve efficient electrolysis. Its thermodynamic efficiency advantages from high-temperature operation, as well as its potential to adapt well to fluctuations in renewable energy input, demonstrate broad application prospects in green hydrogen production, large-scale energy storage and conversion, and facilitating the consumption of renewable energy.

[0003] However, high-temperature environments and fluctuating input conditions pose severe challenges to the long-term operational stability and performance degradation of SOEC. Real-time, in-situ online monitoring of the non-uniformity of the internal reaction processes of SOEC, and understanding the spatial distribution of its internal physical fields such as temperature and current density, as well as the reaction process, are crucial for revealing its performance degradation mechanism and optimizing battery design and operating strategies to suppress degradation. Compared to SOFC, SOEC's complex operating conditions under high-temperature and high-humidity environments and coupling with fluctuating renewable energy sources place higher demands on in-situ online monitoring technology.

[0004] Existing technologies have significant limitations: conventional zonal testing techniques are mostly designed for low-temperature electrolyzers or fuel cells, and are difficult to adapt to the high-temperature and high-humidity environment of SOEC; existing high-temperature testing methods cannot achieve accurate testing of multi-electrode circuits in a single SOEC cell; and there is a lack of technical solutions that can directly measure the temperature distribution at multiple points close to the SOEC electrode surface with high precision. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above technical problems, this invention discloses a partitioned performance testing device and method for planar SOEC batteries, which can be applied to the measurement of local current density, local impedance, and temperature distribution of planar SOEC single cells.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0007] A zone performance testing device for planar SOEC batteries, comprising a single planar SOEC battery under test and a testing fixture.

[0008] The anode and cathode surfaces of the single-cell flat-plate SOEC under test are respectively provided with a number of anode current collectors and a number of cathode current collectors. The number of anode current collectors and the number of cathode current collectors are respectively divided into 4 independent conductive zones. Each zone is distributed in a 2×2 array, and the spacing between the zones is ≥4mm to achieve physical isolation.

[0009] The test fixture includes a cathode end plate and an anode end plate, with the flat-plate SOEC single cell under test located between the cathode end plate and the anode end plate. The cathode end plate has a cathode partition current collection channel, and the anode end plate has an anode partition current collection channel. The surfaces of the cathode partition current collection channel and the anode partition current collection channel are coated with a silver paste layer to enhance current collection. The cathode current collector is in contact with the cathode partition current collection channel, and the anode current collector is in contact with the anode partition current collection channel. The anode end plate and the cathode end plate are pressed together around their perimeter by end plate sealing gaskets and secured with fasteners to ensure the airtightness of the device.

[0010] Each partition corresponding to the cathode end plate is provided with a cathode current collector column, which is connected to the current collector channel of the cathode partition and in contact with the cathode current collector; each partition corresponding to the anode end plate is provided with an anode current collector column, which is connected to the current collector channel of the anode partition and in contact with the anode current collector; the cathode current collector column is connected to the cathode wire, and the anode current collector column is connected to the anode wire;

[0011] The anode end plate is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet at both ends, and the air inlet and air outlet are respectively connected to the anode partition flow channel;

[0012] The cathode end plate is provided with a fuel gas inlet and a fuel gas outlet at both ends, and the fuel gas inlet and fuel gas outlet are respectively connected to the cathode partition current collection channel;

[0013] Each partition corresponding to the anode end plate is equipped with a thermocouple, which is embedded in the anode partition current collector channel and in contact with the anode current collector.

[0014] This technical solution involves placing several anode current collectors and several cathode current collectors on the anode and cathode surfaces of the flat SOEC single cell under test, respectively, and dividing them into four independent conductive zones arranged in a 2×2 array. This avoids damage caused by physically cutting the cell and eliminates the problem of ion transport blockage. The dual-zone current collection of the anode and cathode ensures complete physical isolation between the zones, and the large-area current collection effect of the flow channel is stronger than the local current collection of the silver wire. The sealing structure is reliable, and the assembly is simple and stable.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cathode partition current collection channel and the anode partition current collection channel are circular lattice channels. Using this technical solution, the circular lattice channels have better gas diffusion effects, and the large-area contact current collection within the partitions and the four-electrode circuit testing exhibit good current collection performance.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the fastener includes an end plate nut and an end plate bolt.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the thermocouple is integrated with the anode partition flow channel.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the anode plate is provided with a through hole, the thermocouple extends into the through hole, and the gap between the thermocouple and the through hole is sealed with sealant.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the anode current collector and cathode current collector are formed on the surfaces of the anode and cathode by screen printing. Screen printing is a simple operation that does not damage the battery and avoids the disruption of ion transport paths caused by traditional physical cutting methods.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the thickness of the silver paste layer is 28-32 μm. Further, the thickness of the silver paste layer is 30 μm.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cathode partition current collection channel is embedded in the cathode end plate, and the anode partition current collection channel is embedded in the anode end plate.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, both the cathode and anode end plates are provided with ribs for separating the various zones. The ribs are provided with channels that communicate with the corresponding anode and cathode zone current collection channels. Using this technical solution, the anode and cathode zone current collection channels, together with the channels on the ribs, form an interconnected overall channel matrix across the entire battery plane, achieving uniform gas diffusion across the entire battery plane.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present invention, both the anode end plate and the cathode end plate are provided with sealing channels through which the anode current collector and the cathode current collector pass, and the anode current collector and the cathode current collector are sealed with the sealing channels by current collector sealing gaskets.

[0024] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cathode end plate attaches the flat SOEC battery under test, the cathode current collector and the cathode partition current collector channel through the stepped end face, and the attachment edge is coated with high temperature sealant.

[0025] This invention discloses a zone performance testing system for a flat-plate SOEC battery, comprising a gas supply module, a control module, a heating furnace, a testing module, and the zone performance testing device for the flat-plate SOEC battery as described above. The gas supply module includes an air source, a hydrogen source, a nitrogen source, and a water vapor source. The flow rates of the air source, hydrogen source, and nitrogen source are respectively regulated by a gas mass flow controller. The water vapor source is generated by a water pump drawing water from a water tank and heating it through a water vapor generator. The air source is connected to an air inlet, and the hydrogen source, nitrogen source, and water vapor source are connected to a fuel gas inlet.

[0026] The testing module includes a data acquisition unit and an electrochemical workstation. The data acquisition unit is connected to a thermocouple via a signal line to acquire temperature data. The electrochemical workstation is connected to the cathode wire and the anode wire to acquire electrochemical signals. The heating furnace is used to heat the partition performance testing device of the flat-plate SOEC battery.

[0027] This invention discloses a method for testing the partition performance of a planar SOEC battery, which uses the partition performance testing system for planar SOEC batteries described above.

[0028] As a further improvement of the present invention, the partition performance testing method for the flat SOEC battery includes:

[0029] Step S1: Place the assembled planar SOEC battery partition performance testing device in a heating furnace and heat it to 800℃ at a heating rate of 0.5-2℃ / min.

[0030] Step S2: Reduce the flat-plate SOEC battery by introducing air into the anode through the air inlet at a flow rate of 350-450 mL / min; and sequentially introducing a 30% H2 / N2 mixture, a 60% H2 / N2 mixture, and a 100% H2 mixture into the cathode through the fuel gas inlet for 100-140 min, 80-100 min, and 80-100 min, respectively.

[0031] In step S2, according to the predetermined test conditions, air is introduced into the anode through the air inlet at a flow rate of 350-450 mL / min; a fuel mixture gas of 180-220 mL / min is introduced into the cathode through the fuel gas inlet, wherein the fuel mixture gas has a mixture ratio of 90% water vapor + 10% H2; the reaction gas permeates evenly to the surface of the battery electrode through the cathode zone current collector channel and the anode zone current collector channel.

[0032] Step S3: Polarization curve scanning of the four zones is performed using a four-channel electrochemical workstation; four types of electrolytic currents with the same average current density are simultaneously input into the four zones using the four-channel electrochemical workstation, including constant current, triangular wave, sawtooth wave, and square wave, to collect current and voltage data.

[0033] Step S4, under constant voltage bias of 0.5A / cm 2 Under the condition of superimposed 30mV AC disturbance, with a frequency range from 10mHz to 10kHz, the impedance spectrum of each zone is directly obtained through the electrode circuit, Nyquist plot is drawn, and the performance differences and impedance information of each zone are measured.

[0034] Step S5: The temperature of each zone is collected in real time by thermocouples, and the collected temperature and current density data are used to perform thermo-electro-chemical multiphysics analysis.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] First, in terms of mechanical structure, the technical solution of this invention uses screen printing to independently partition the anode and cathode, which will not damage the battery and avoids the destruction of the ion transport path by the traditional physical cutting method; combined with the silver paste coating on the surface of the embedded metal current collection channel to optimize current collection, and with the step end face positioning and sealing in conjunction with the mica sealing gasket, it has good current collection effect and airtightness at high temperature compared with silver wire bonding.

[0037] Secondly, in terms of gas control, the technical solution of the present invention adopts an overall flow channel matrix composed of circular dot matrix flow channels in each zone and end plate partition rib flow channels. Compared with rectangular direct flow channels, the diffusion uniformity of the reaction gas on the electrode surface is improved.

[0038] Third, in terms of electrochemical measurement, the technical solution of this invention adopts an independent four-electrode circuit design combined with dual-zone anode and cathode, which can directly collect electrical signals from each zone, eliminate interference from contact resistance and temperature drift, and make the measurement more accurate in high-temperature environments; it can simultaneously perform multi-dynamic operating condition synchronous input tests and has good dynamic response.

[0039] Fourth, in terms of thermo-electric measurement, the technical solution of this invention uses a thermocouple array embedded in the flow channel to directly contact the electrode surface, which can achieve temperature resolution of ±1℃ at the reaction interface. Combined with spatiotemporally synchronized current density and impedance spectrum measurements, a joint analysis of thermo-electric-chemical multi-physics fields is constructed. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the partition performance testing device for a flat SOEC battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the internal partitioning of a flat SOEC battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 3 Figure (a) shows the completed assembly effect of the partition performance testing device for a flat SOEC battery according to an embodiment of the present invention; where (a) is the completed assembly effect and (b) is a cross-sectional view along line AA in figure (a).

[0043] Figure 4 Figure (a) is a schematic diagram of the cathode partition current collection channel according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, (a) is a schematic diagram of the cathode partition current collection channel, and (b) is a cross-sectional view along the AA direction in Figure (a).

[0044] Figure 5 Figure (a) is a schematic diagram of the cathode end plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein (a) and (b) are schematic diagrams of the inner side and outer surface of the cathode end plate, respectively, and (c) is a cross-sectional view along the AA direction in Figure (a).

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the partitioned performance testing principle of a flat SOEC battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 7 These are the polarization curves of each zone of the battery in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 8 These are the dynamic response results of voltage with different electrolysis currents obtained by testing in the embodiments of the present invention; wherein, (a) is constant current, (b) is triangular wave, (c) is sawtooth wave, and (d) is square wave.

[0048] Figure 9 These are the electrochemical impedance spectra of each zone of the battery obtained from tests in embodiments of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 10 This is a thermocouple array distribution diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention; in the diagram, T1 to T4 represent the measurement points of four thermocouples, and Seg 1 to Seg4 represent four partitions.

[0050] The reference numerals in the attached drawings include: 1-anode conductor, 2-anode current collector sealing gasket, 3-end plate nut, 4-anode end plate, 5-air outlet, 6-end plate sealing gasket, 7-cell, 8-end plate bolt, 9-cathode end plate, 10-fuel gas outlet, 11-cathode current collector sealing gasket, 12-thermocouple, 13-anode current collector, 14-air inlet, 15-anode zone current collector channel, 16-anode current collector, 17-cathode current collector, 18-cathode zone current collector channel, 19-fuel gas inlet, 20-cathode current collector, 21-cathode conductor, 22-stepped end face, 23-groove. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0052] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the partition performance testing device for a flat SOEC battery includes a flat SOEC single cell under test and a test fixture.

[0053] The anode and cathode surfaces of the flat-plate SOEC single cell under test are respectively screen-printed with several anode current collectors 16 and several cathode current collectors 17. This forms four independent conductive zones (2×2 array) on both the cathode and anode of the cell 7, with a spacing ≥4mm between the zones to avoid electrical contact. Figure 2 As shown.

[0054] The test fixture includes a cathode end plate 9 and an anode end plate 4, with the flat-plate SOEC single cell under test located between the cathode end plate 9 and the anode end plate 4. A cathode partitioned current collector channel 18 is embedded within the cathode end plate 9, and an anode partitioned current collector channel 15 is embedded within the anode end plate 4. The surfaces of the cathode partitioned current collector channel 18 and the anode partitioned current collector channel 15 are coated with a 30μm silver paste layer to enhance current collection. The cell 7, along with the cathode current collector 17, is bonded to the cathode partitioned current collector channel 18 via the stepped end face 22 on the cathode end plate 9, and the edges are coated with high-temperature sealant to ensure a seal. The cathode partitioned current collector channel 18 and the anode partitioned current collector channel 15 are circular lattice channels. The cathode end plate 9 and the anode end plate 4 are made of insulating ceramic.

[0055] The cathode current collector 17 is attached to the cathode partition current collector channel 18, and the anode current collector 16 is attached to the anode partition current collector channel 15; the anode end plate 4 and the cathode end plate 9 are pressed together around the perimeter by the end plate sealing gasket 6, and are fastened and sealed by the end plate bolts 8 and the end plate nuts 3 to complete the bipolar seal.

[0056] Each partition corresponding to the cathode end plate 9 is provided with a cathode current collector 20, which is tightly connected to the cathode partition current collector channel 18 and contacts the cathode current collector 17. Each partition corresponding to the anode end plate 4 is provided with an anode current collector 13, which is tightly connected to the anode partition current collector channel 15 and contacts the anode current collector 16. The cathode current collector 20 is connected to the cathode wire 21, and the anode current collector 13 is connected to the anode wire 1. The cathode current collector 20 and the cathode end plate 9 are sealed by a cathode current collector sealing gasket 11. The anode current collector 13 and the anode end plate 4 are sealed by an anode current collector sealing gasket 2. The surface of the cathode end plate 9 is provided with a groove 23 for accommodating the cathode wire 21.

[0057] The anode plate 4 has an air inlet 14 and an air outlet 5 at both ends, and the air inlet 14 and air outlet 5 are respectively connected to the anode partition current collection channel 15; the cathode plate 9 has a fuel gas inlet 19 and a fuel gas outlet 10 at both ends, and the fuel gas inlet 19 and fuel gas outlet 10 are respectively connected to the cathode partition current collection channel 18.

[0058] Each partition corresponding to the anode end plate 4 is provided with a thermocouple 12. The thermocouple 12 is embedded in the anode partition current collection channel 15 and contacts the anode current collector 16. Specifically, the anode end plate 4 is provided with a through hole, through which the thermocouple 12 extends, and the gap between the thermocouple 12 and the through hole is sealed with sealant.

[0059] Both the cathode end plate 9 and the anode end plate 4 are provided with ribs to separate the various zones. The ribs are provided with channels that connect to the corresponding anode zone current collector channel 15 and cathode zone current collector channel 18. The anode zone current collector channel 15 and the cathode zone current collector channel 18, together with the channels on the ribs, form an interconnected overall channel matrix across the entire battery plane, enabling uniform diffusion of gas across zones across the entire battery plane.

[0060] The cathode end plate 9 and anode end plate 4 are made of insulating ceramic end plates, and the anode current collector 16 and cathode current collector 17 are made of high-temperature alloy current collectors. The cathode wire 21 and anode wire 1 are silver wires. The insulating ceramic end plate and the high-temperature alloy current collector have good thermal expansion matching. The current collector column passes through the sealing channel and is welded to the silver wire, and is sealed by the current collector column sealing gasket. The battery anode and cathode are positioned by stepped end faces and sealed by high-temperature sealant. The anode and cathode end plates are sealed by mica sealing gaskets and fastened with high-strength steel bolts.

[0061] The technical solution of this embodiment uses screen printing to prepare independently zoned current collectors on the anode and cathode of the battery cell. These current collectors form a perfectly fitted current collector interface with the zoned circular dot matrix channels, effectively improving the current collection effect and gas diffusion uniformity of each zone. Combined with a four-electrode direct measurement circuit, different dynamic electrolytic inputs can be applied to the four zones simultaneously. Thermoelectric coupling measurement, through a thermocouple array integrated into the anode current collector channel, directly measures the temperature of the electrode surface in each zone. This measurement is synchronized spatiotemporally with the current density and impedance information collected by the electrochemical analyzer, providing fundamental data for multi-physics coupling analysis of the battery's electrochemical performance.

[0062] A test system was built using the aforementioned partitioned performance testing device for flat-plate SOEC batteries. For example... Figure 6As shown, the testing system includes a gas supply module, a control module, a heating furnace, a testing module, and a partitioned performance testing device for the flat-plate SOEC battery as described above. The gas supply module includes air, hydrogen, nitrogen, and water vapor sources. The flow rates of the air, hydrogen, and nitrogen sources are regulated by gas mass flow controllers (MFCs). The water vapor source is generated by a water pump drawing water from a tank and heating it with a steam generator. The air source is connected to an air inlet, and the hydrogen, nitrogen, and water vapor sources are connected to a fuel gas inlet. Air is supplied by an air compressor, hydrogen by a hydrogen generator, nitrogen by a gas cylinder, and water vapor by a water pump drawing water and heating it with a steam generator. The water flow rate is controlled by the water pump. The MFC, data acquisition unit, and electrochemical workstation are all controlled by a computer control module. The heating furnace provides the high-temperature environment required for SOEC operation.

[0063] The testing module includes a data acquisition unit and an electrochemical workstation. The data acquisition unit is connected to a thermocouple via a signal line to acquire temperature data, and the electrochemical workstation is connected to a cathode wire and an anode wire to acquire electrochemical signals.

[0064] The testing method using the above-mentioned testing system includes the following steps:

[0065] The partition performance testing method for the flat-plate SOEC battery includes:

[0066] Step S1: Place the assembled planar SOEC battery partition performance testing device in a heating furnace and heat it to 800°C at a heating rate of 1°C / min.

[0067] Step S2: Reduce the flat SOEC battery by introducing air into the anode through the air inlet at a flow rate of 400 mL / min; and introduce H2 / N2 mixtures with hydrogen content of 30% for 120 min, 60% for 90 min, and 100% for 90 min sequentially into the cathode through the fuel gas inlet.

[0068] Step S2: Under predetermined test conditions, air is introduced into the anode through the air inlet at a flow rate of 400 mL / min; a fuel mixture with a ratio of 90% water vapor and 10% H2 is introduced into the cathode through the fuel gas inlet at a flow rate of 200 mL / min; the reaction gas permeates evenly to the surface of the battery electrodes through the circular lattice channels of the cathode and anode zone current collectors; simultaneously, flow channels are also designed on the ribs separating the zones of the cathode and anode end plates, such as... Figure 5 As shown, after the partitioned flow channels are installed, an interconnected overall flow channel matrix is ​​formed on the entire battery plane, realizing uniform diffusion of gas across partitions throughout the entire battery plane.

[0069] The insulating ceramic end plate used in this method has good insulation effect between itself and the metal manifold, and is also highly corrosion resistant, making it well adaptable to the high temperature and high humidity working environment of SOEC; the overall circular lattice flow channel enhances the uniform diffusion of gas compared with the previous rectangular DC flow channel.

[0070] Step S3: Synchronous acquisition of input and output for zoned electrolysis. Polarization curves were scanned in the four zones using a four-channel electrochemical workstation. The results are as follows: Figure 7 As shown, during the test, voltage and current wires were directly connected to the cathode and anode of each zone from the battery surface, forming separate voltage and current circuits to eliminate mutual influence of resistance and impedance interference. Four electrolytic currents (constant current, triangular wave, sawtooth wave, and square wave) with the same average current density were simultaneously input to the four zones using a four-channel electrochemical workstation. The current and voltage were collected using a four-electrode circuit, and the dynamic response results are shown below. Figure 8 As shown, this indicates a good dynamic response to different fluctuating electrolytic inputs, and good independence between each partition.

[0071] This method combines four electrodes and dual partitions, with each partition being completely independent, allowing direct acquisition of current and voltage data from each partition; different dynamic operating conditions can be tested simultaneously between partitions, with good dynamic response.

[0072] Step S4: In-situ measurement of the partitioned impedance spectrum.

[0073] Under constant voltage bias of 0.5A / cm 2 Under the condition of superimposed 30mV AC disturbance, with a frequency range from 10mHz to 10kHz, the impedance spectrum of each partition was directly obtained through a four-electrode circuit, and the Nyquist plot was plotted as follows. Figure 9 As shown, it is possible to accurately measure the differences in performance and impedance information of each zone.

[0074] This method can eliminate the high-temperature drift error of the sampling resistor, and the four-electrode circuit eliminates the influence of contact resistance and mutual interference between circuits, resulting in more accurate acquisition of impedance information.

[0075] Step S5: Correlate temperature measurement with electrochemical information.

[0076] The anode surface is directly contacted by a thermocouple array embedded in the flow channel, such as Figure 10 As shown, the temperature of each zone is collected in real time. The temperature change and the current density data correspond spatiotemporally in terms of location and time. Combining the information of the two can be used to perform thermo-electric-chemical multiphysics analysis.

[0077] This method breaks through the indirectness of traditional flow channel wall temperature measurement and realizes in-situ temperature detection of the reaction interface; the temperature data corresponds spatiotemporally with impedance and current density, which can further reveal the correlation of battery performance.

[0078] This embodiment employs a complete commercially available plate-type SOEC single cell, combined with customized insulating end plates and partitioned current collectors to achieve physical insulation separation between each partition. Under high-temperature operating conditions, it directly acquires real-time current density, voltage, and impedance spectrum information for each partition of the single cell. Simultaneously, it measures the temperature distribution of each partition using a high-temperature thermocouple array integrated on the anode partition current collector. The device is compact, stable, and easy to operate. The circular lattice flow channel provides better gas diffusion, and the large-area bonding current collection within each partition and the four-electrode circuit test demonstrate excellent current collection performance. It enables real-time in-situ monitoring of the performance distribution non-uniformity of a single SOEC cell under complex dynamic operating conditions, which is of great significance for in-depth research on the degradation law of SOEC, optimization of operating strategies, and improvement of its conversion efficiency and service life.

[0079] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for testing the zoned performance of a flat-plate SOEC battery, characterized in that: It includes the flat-panel SOEC single cell under test and the test fixture; The anode and cathode surfaces of the single-cell flat-plate SOEC under test are respectively provided with a number of anode current collectors and a number of cathode current collectors. The number of anode current collectors and the number of cathode current collectors are respectively divided into 4 independent conductive zones. Each zone is distributed in a 2×2 array, and the spacing between the zones is ≥4mm. The test fixture includes a cathode end plate and an anode end plate, with the flat SOEC single cell under test located between the cathode end plate and the anode end plate. The cathode end plate has a cathode partition current collector channel, and the anode end plate has an anode partition current collector channel. The surfaces of the cathode partition current collector channel and the anode partition current collector channel are coated with a silver paste layer. The cathode current collector is in contact with the cathode partition current collector channel, and the anode current collector is in contact with the anode partition current collector channel. The anode end plate and the cathode end plate are pressed together around their perimeter by end plate sealing gaskets and secured with fasteners. Each partition corresponding to the cathode end plate is provided with a cathode current collector column, which is connected to the current collector channel of the cathode partition and in contact with the cathode current collector; each partition corresponding to the anode end plate is provided with an anode current collector column, which is connected to the current collector channel of the anode partition and in contact with the anode current collector; the cathode current collector column is connected to the cathode wire, and the anode current collector column is connected to the anode wire; The anode end plate is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet at both ends, and the air inlet and air outlet are respectively connected to the anode partition flow channel; The cathode end plate is provided with a fuel gas inlet and a fuel gas outlet at both ends, and the fuel gas inlet and fuel gas outlet are respectively connected to the cathode partition current collection channel; Each partition corresponding to the anode end plate is equipped with a thermocouple, which is embedded in the anode partition current collector channel and in contact with the anode current collector.

2. The partition performance testing device for flat SOEC batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode zone current collection channel and the anode zone current collection channel are circular dot matrix channels.

3. The partition performance testing device for flat SOEC batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermocouple is integrated with the anode zone flow channel.

4. The partition performance testing device for flat-plate SOEC batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anode plate has a through hole, and the thermocouple extends into the through hole. The gap between the thermocouple and the through hole is sealed with sealant.

5. The partition performance testing device for flat SOEC batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode current collector and cathode current collector are formed by screen printing on the surfaces of the anode and cathode; the thickness of the silver paste layer is 28-32 μm.

6. The partition performance testing device for flat SOEC batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode partition current collection channel is embedded in the cathode end plate, and the anode partition current collection channel is embedded in the anode end plate; both the cathode end plate and the anode end plate are provided with ribs for separating each partition, and the ribs are provided with channels that communicate with the corresponding anode partition current collection channel and cathode partition current collection channel.

7. The partition performance testing device for flat SOEC batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the anode and cathode end plates are provided with sealing channels through which the anode current collector and cathode current collector pass. The anode current collector and cathode current collector are sealed to the sealing channels by current collector sealing gaskets. The cathode end plate connects the flat SOEC battery under test, the cathode current collector, and the cathode partition current collector channel through a stepped end face, and the bonding edge is coated with high-temperature sealant.

8. A zoned performance testing system for a flat-plate SOEC battery, characterized in that: It includes a gas supply module, a control module, a heating furnace, a testing module, and a partitioned performance testing device for a flat-plate SOEC battery as described in any one of claims 1 to 7. The gas supply module includes an air source, a hydrogen source, a nitrogen source, and a water vapor source. The flow rates of the air source, hydrogen source, and nitrogen source are respectively regulated by a gas mass flow controller. The water vapor source is generated by a water pump drawing water from a water tank and heating it through a water vapor generator. The air source is connected to an air inlet, and the hydrogen source, nitrogen source, and water vapor source are connected to a fuel gas inlet. The testing module includes a data acquisition unit and an electrochemical workstation. The data acquisition unit is connected to a thermocouple via a signal line to acquire temperature data. The electrochemical workstation is connected to the cathode wire and the anode wire to acquire electrochemical signals. The heating furnace is used to heat the partition performance testing device of the flat-plate SOEC battery.

9. A method for testing the regional performance of a flat-plate SOEC battery, characterized in that: The test was conducted using the partitioned performance testing system for the flat SOEC battery as described in claim 8.

10. The method for testing the zoned performance of a planar SOEC battery according to claim 9, characterized in that: include: Step S1: Place the assembled planar SOEC battery partition performance testing device in a heating furnace and heat it to 800℃ at a heating rate of 0.5-2℃ / min. Step S2: Reduce the flat-plate SOEC battery by introducing air into the anode through the air inlet at a flow rate of 350-450 mL / min; and sequentially introducing a 30% H2 / N2 mixture, a 60% H2 / N2 mixture, and a 100% H2 mixture into the cathode through the fuel gas inlet for 100-140 min, 80-100 min, and 80-100 min, respectively. In step S2, according to the predetermined test conditions, air is introduced into the anode through the air inlet at a flow rate of 350-450 mL / min; a fuel mixture gas of 180-220 mL / min is introduced into the cathode through the fuel gas inlet, wherein the fuel mixture gas has a mixture ratio of 90% water vapor + 10% H2; the reaction gas permeates evenly to the surface of the battery electrode through the cathode zone current collector channel and the anode zone current collector channel. Step S3: Polarization curve scanning of the four zones is performed using a four-channel electrochemical workstation; four types of electrolytic currents with the same average current density are simultaneously input into the four zones using the four-channel electrochemical workstation, including constant current, triangular wave, sawtooth wave, and square wave, to collect current and voltage data. Step S4, under constant voltage bias of 0.5A / cm 2 Under the condition of superimposed 30mV AC disturbance, with a frequency range from 10mHz to 10kHz, the impedance spectrum of each zone is directly obtained through the electrode circuit, Nyquist plot is drawn, and the performance differences and impedance information of each zone are measured. Step S5: The temperature of each zone is collected in real time by thermocouples, and the collected temperature and current density data are used to perform thermo-electro-chemical multiphysics analysis.

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