Intelligent emergency evacuation method for small places with dense people

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of emergency evacuation, and aims to provide an intelligent emergency evacuation method for a crowded small place, comprising a control unit, an image acquisition module, an acousto-optic prompt module, an emergency alarm module and an escape indication device, the image acquisition modules are distributed at nodes where room entrances and exits intersect with channels and safety exits and are used for acquiring the number of personnel; the acousto-optic prompt module is used for carrying out evacuation guidance in an acousto-optic mode; the emergency alarm module senses emergency situations in a room and gives an alarm; the escape indicating equipment is used for guiding an escape direction; the image acquisition module, the acousto-optic prompt module, the emergency alarm module and the escape indication equipment are all connected with the control unit; by optimizing escape logic, personnel congestion at a safe exit caused by a traditional evacuation mode is avoided, and based on existing equipment or slightly improving the existing equipment, transformation or establishment is low in cost, overall popularization is more convenient, and an orderly and efficient emergency evacuation method is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of emergency evacuation, specifically to an intelligent emergency evacuation method for densely populated small venues. Background Technology

[0002] Small, densely populated areas, typically within engineering projects, are relatively small in scale. Examples include the "nine small places" often mentioned in fire emergency rescue, such as small shopping malls, small hotels, nurseries, nursing homes, and karaoke bars. Emergency evacuation procedures for these types of places have some drawbacks, mainly including the following:

[0003] 1. Obstructed evacuation routes and safety exits: Small venues often have weak fire safety awareness due to the scale of the project and the operators' emphasis on business over safety. As a result, evacuation routes and safety exits are often blocked by goods, electric vehicles, etc., or locked at night, causing the "lifeline" to fail.

[0004] 2. Low evacuation efficiency: In densely populated places, the population is complex, most people are not familiar with the layout of the place, there are large differences in evacuation capabilities, and people lack training and escape skills. In the event of a fire, crowding and trampling are likely to occur, resulting in disorderly evacuation.

[0005] 3. Missing or ineffective fire protection facilities: Small venues often fail to maintain existing fire protection facilities regularly, which reduces people's ability to escape and evacuate in the event of a fire.

[0006] 4. Rapid fire spread: Goods are often piled up in public passageways of small places, resulting in a large fire load and rapid fire spread, with a short effective and safe emergency evacuation time.

[0007] 5. Serious consequences of accidents: In the event of an emergency in a small, densely populated place, the large number of people, unfamiliar environment, and panic can easily lead to irrational behavior, such as pushing, trampling, and falling, resulting in serious consequences of mass casualties.

[0008] Therefore, for small, densely populated areas, it is essential to strengthen emergency evacuation management, raise personnel's awareness of emergency safety, effectively utilize emergency evacuation facilities, and improve emergency evacuation efficiency. This will ensure that in an emergency, an orderly, efficient, and intelligent emergency evacuation plan can be quickly established, which will significantly improve the situation.

[0009] With the widespread adoption of various smart devices, many small venues are now equipped with intelligent facilities such as audible and visual warning systems. These systems can issue timely warnings to guide evacuation. However, due to common problems in emergency evacuation in these small venues, after an emergency audible and visual warning is issued, large numbers of people may rush irrationally and disorderly towards a single direction or safety exit. This causes a sharp drop in the efficiency of evacuation routes and safety exits. More seriously, panic can easily lead to stampedes in congested areas.

[0010] CN103656895B discloses an audio-visual guided emergency evacuation system and its evacuation method, which adopts a sequential evacuation method, but still suffers from low evacuation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent emergency evacuation method for densely populated small venues. Based on existing equipment or with slight modifications, it optimizes the escape logic to provide an orderly and efficient emergency evacuation method.

[0012] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0013] An intelligent emergency evacuation method for densely populated small venues is provided, based on an intelligent emergency evacuation system for densely populated venues. The system includes a control unit, an image acquisition module, an audio-visual prompt module, an emergency alarm module, and an escape indication device.

[0014] The image acquisition modules are located at the intersections of room entrances and passageways, as well as at safety exits, and are used to collect the number of people.

[0015] The audio-visual prompt modules are distributed throughout the room, providing evacuation guidance through both sound and light.

[0016] Emergency alarm modules are distributed throughout the room to sense and trigger alarms in case of emergencies.

[0017] Escape guidance devices are distributed along the direction of the passageway to guide the escape route;

[0018] The image acquisition module, the audio-visual prompt module, the emergency alarm module, and the escape indication device are all connected to the control unit;

[0019] Evacuation methods include the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: The control unit constructs an escape simulation route map based on the building floor plan, and marks the image acquisition module, sound and light prompt module, emergency alarm module and escape indication device in the corresponding areas of the map to form a visual escape simulation route map;

[0021] Step 2: Record the distance from each node to the safety exit and the purpose of the location on the escape simulation route map. Based on the purpose of the location, estimate the main personnel composition of the location, and then estimate the average escape speed ΔV. Confirm the average number of people at each node, ΔP, and the number of people passing through the safety exit per unit time, P. ， Calculate the average transit time ΔT, which satisfies ΔT = ΔP / P;

[0022] Step 3: When an emergency occurs, the control unit sends an escape instruction to the audible and visual prompt module based on the alarm signal from the emergency alarm module and the location.

[0023] Record the node corresponding to the room in the alarm area as alarm node Jm, and calculate several synchronous escape nodes JPn based on alarm node Jm. JPn-Jm is the distance between each synchronous escape node JPn and alarm node Jm, which satisfies JPn-Jm=n×△V×△T+D; m and n are positive integers greater than 0, and D is the distance compensation value, which is a dynamic positive number.

[0024] The sound and light prompt module simultaneously issues escape instructions to the rooms corresponding to alarm node Jm and several synchronous escape nodes JPn, guiding the people in the rooms to escape according to the escape instruction device;

[0025] Step 4: The image acquisition module acquires the number of people leaving the room corresponding to the alarm node Jm and several synchronous escape nodes JPn, and records the number of people leaving the safety exit. When the number of people leaving the safety exit exceeds 80% of the number of people leaving the room corresponding to the alarm node Jm and several synchronous escape nodes JPn, the control unit issues a second wave of escape instructions.

[0026] Step 5: Second wave of escape instructions, based on the neighboring node Jm of node Jm. +1 Based on this, record the new JPn according to the method in step 3, and satisfy JPn-Jm. +1 =n×△V×△T+D, where JPn-Jm +1 The distance between the two nodes;

[0027] The audio-visual prompt module simultaneously targets node Jm. +1 The room corresponding to the new synchronized escape nodes JPn issues escape instructions to guide the people in the room to escape according to the escape instruction device;

[0028] Step 6: Then repeat step 5 i times until node Jm is reached. +i Overlapping with the first synchronized escape node JP1, the control unit identifies whether there are any missed rooms that have not issued audio and visual cues based on the escape simulation route map. If there are no rooms that have not issued audio and visual cues, it means that the evacuation work is completed. If there are any missed nodes, it guides the remaining rooms to issue audio and visual cues and guides the personnel to escape.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] 1. This invention utilizes existing equipment and adjusts the evacuation logic to ensure the orderly evacuation of people in small venues, avoiding the congestion at safety exits caused by concentrated evacuation in traditional evacuation methods.

[0031] 2. Since the hardware involved are all existing or standard equipment, the cost of either modification or construction is low, and the overall promotion is more convenient.

[0032] 3. When designing the escape interval, calculations are performed using extreme data to ensure that the two groups of people escaping simultaneously will not interfere with each other. When determining whether a second group can escape, it is ensured that the next group of people can be notified in time to evacuate. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first batch of evacuees in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the evacuation process of the first batch of evacuees in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the continuous evacuation process of the first batch of evacuees in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the marking of the second batch of evacuees in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second batch of evacuation personnel in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating the marking of the third batch of evacuees in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the completion of personnel evacuation in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of marking the first batch of evacuees in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of marking the second batch of evacuees in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the marking of the third batch of evacuees in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the marking of the fourth batch of evacuees in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 13 This invention provides a route planning diagram for escape simulation route planning that includes multiple branch escape routes. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown: An intelligent emergency evacuation method for densely populated small places, based on an intelligent emergency evacuation system for densely populated places, the system including a control unit, an image acquisition module, an audio-visual prompt module, an emergency alarm module, and an escape indication device;

[0048] The image acquisition modules are located at the intersections of room entrances and passageways, as well as at safety exits, and are used to collect the number of people.

[0049] The audio-visual prompt modules are distributed throughout the room, providing evacuation guidance through both sound and light.

[0050] Emergency alarm modules are distributed throughout the room to sense and trigger alarms in case of emergencies.

[0051] Escape guidance devices are distributed along the direction of the passageway to guide the escape route;

[0052] The image acquisition module, the audio-visual prompt module, the emergency alarm module, and the escape indication device are all connected to the control unit;

[0053] It should be noted that the control unit, image acquisition module, sound and light prompt module, emergency alarm module and escape indication device are all existing technologies. The control unit is an intelligent control system that can formulate escape routes and control other modules according to needs or specified logic.

[0054] The image acquisition module has the effect of capturing human images, but this invention mainly uses it to identify people for headcount statistics. The headcount statistics are divided into two aspects: one is to collect the number of people at each node, and the other is to collect the number of people at the safety exits. By calculating the difference between the two, the escape status of the personnel can be determined.

[0055] The audio-visual alert module here mainly refers to devices such as LED screens, voice broadcasts, and alarm lights. These modules are distributed throughout the rooms to notify occupants of escape procedures. It's important to note that the escape announcements are not played simultaneously in every room; rather, they are played in a designated order, meaning the announcements are staggered.

[0056] The emergency alarm module is essentially a sensor for detecting fire. When a fire is detected, the emergency alarm module detects the fire and sends the information to the control unit.

[0057] Escape indicator devices are currently known as safety indicator lights.

[0058] The hardware components involved in this invention are all existing technologies, mainly concerning the distribution of the image acquisition module and the audio-visual prompt module, as well as the overall control logic. Specifically, the image acquisition module needs to be installed at each node to count the number of people at that node.

[0059] Audio-visual prompts are also installed in each room. Compared with traditional audio-visual prompts, instead of broadcasting over a wide area, notifications are made in batches to guide the evacuation in stages.

[0060] Throughout the entire process, the image acquisition module uses a high-definition camera to monitor the nodes and safety exit areas in real time, collects video image data of the escaping crowd, and transmits the collected image data to the control unit for analysis and processing by the processor.

[0061] The evacuation method of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: The control unit constructs an escape simulation route map based on the building floor plan, and marks the image acquisition module, sound and light prompt module, emergency alarm module and escape indication device in the corresponding areas of the map to form a visual escape simulation route map;

[0063] This requires the control unit to have a thorough understanding of the entire building floor plan and the location of different image acquisition modules, audio-visual prompt modules, and emergency alarm modules. This way, upon discovering a fire, the control unit can coordinate the corresponding audio-visual prompt modules and image acquisition modules to notify and collect the number of personnel. Subsequently, it can orderly control the operation of different audio-visual prompt modules and image acquisition modules to form a visualized escape route simulation map to facilitate technicians in verifying the correctness of the escape route.

[0064] Step 2: Record the distance from each node to the safety exit and the purpose of the location on the escape simulation route map. Based on the purpose of the location, estimate the main personnel composition of the location, and then estimate the average escape speed ΔV. Confirm the average number of people at each node, ΔP, and the number of people passing through the safety exit per unit time, P. ， Calculate the average transit time ΔT, which satisfies ΔT = ΔP / P;

[0065] Generally speaking, a small venue refers to an area or building with a relatively long main road, corridor, or passageway. It is often arranged linearly, so during evacuation, due to the different escape speeds of people, segmented evacuation can be achieved at the same time. During the initial evacuation notice, people far from the evacuation area can also evacuate simultaneously. Since the two are a certain distance apart, there will be basically no mutual interference during the escape process. Moreover, arriving at the safety exit in batches also avoids the possibility of people gathering at the safety exit, causing blockage or stampedes.

[0066] It should be noted that, taking a junior high school corridor as an example, the speed distribution range of teenagers is concentrated between 0.8m / s and 1.2m / s, so the average speed ΔV is 1.0m / s; while the standard design capacity of a junior high school classroom is 45 people, so the average value ΔP of the maximum number of people at each node can be calculated; the number of people passing through the safety exit per unit time, P, is determined according to the actual size and specifications of the safety exit.

[0067] The average passage time ΔT specifically refers to the time required for the maximum average number of people ΔP to pass through a node at a safety exit.

[0068] Step 3: When an emergency occurs, the control unit sends an escape instruction to the audible and visual prompt module based on the alarm signal from the emergency alarm module and the location.

[0069] Record the node corresponding to the room in the alarm area as alarm node Jm, and calculate several synchronous escape nodes JPn based on alarm node Jm. JPn-Jm is the distance between each synchronous escape node JPn and alarm node Jm, which satisfies JPn-Jm=n×△V×△T+D; m and n are positive integers greater than 0, and D is the distance compensation value, which is a dynamic positive number.

[0070] The sound and light prompt module simultaneously issues escape instructions to the rooms corresponding to alarm node Jm and several synchronous escape nodes JPn, guiding the people in the rooms to escape according to the escape instruction device;

[0071] Step 3 above describes the process of simultaneous, segmented notification. First, a warning and evacuation guidance are issued to the corresponding node in the room where the fire occurred. Simultaneously, while the fire is escaping from that node, other nodes evacuate in sync, maintaining a safe distance to avoid interfering with each other. If we follow the traditional Jm, Jm... +1 Jm +2 If one escapes in sequence in a certain manner, the entire escape cycle will be too long.

[0072] Step 3 above includes a distance compensation value D. This is because the distance between two adjacent nodes escaping simultaneously is not necessarily exactly equal to the product of the average passage time ΔT and the average speed ΔV. To ensure a safe distance where they do not interfere with each other, a distance compensation value D is added here. It should be noted that this distance compensation value D can be directly calculated based on the escape simulation route map.

[0073] Step 4: The image acquisition module acquires the number of people leaving the room corresponding to the alarm node Jm and several synchronous escape nodes JPn, and records the number of people leaving the safety exit. When the number of people leaving the safety exit exceeds 80% of the number of people leaving the room corresponding to the alarm node Jm and several synchronous escape nodes JPn, the control unit issues a second wave of escape instructions.

[0074] To confirm whether the escape has been completed, the image acquisition module can be used to collect the number of people leaving each room. The image acquisition module at each node can record the number of people leaving that node. The image acquisition module at the safety exit can record the number of people leaving in that batch. When the number of people leaving the safety exit exceeds 80% of the number of people leaving the room corresponding to the alarm node Jm and several synchronous escape nodes JPn, the control unit issues a second wave of escape instructions.

[0075] According to Article 5.5.18 of the "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" GB50016-2014 (2018 edition), "The net width of evacuation doors and safety exits in general public buildings shall not be less than 0.90m, and the net width of evacuation corridors and evacuation staircases shall not be less than 1.10m"; and according to Article 5.5.19, "In densely populated public places, the net width of evacuation doors shall not be less than 1.4m". Therefore, in terms of evacuation width, it can be considered that the width of general public buildings is about 1.1 / 1.4 = 79% of that of densely populated places, taking the value of 80%. Therefore, this invention believes that when evacuation begins in densely populated places, when the evacuation density decreases by 20%, the dense or clustered phenomenon can be transformed into the scenario of general public buildings, or in other words, the dense state can be eliminated.

[0076] Step 5: Second wave of escape instructions, based on the neighboring node Jm of node Jm. +1 Based on this, record the new JPn according to the method in step 3, and satisfy JPn-Jm. +1 =n×△V×△T+D, where JPn-Jm +1 The distance between the two nodes;

[0077] The audio-visual prompt module simultaneously targets node Jm. +1 The room corresponding to the new synchronized escape nodes JPn issues escape instructions to guide the people in the room to escape according to the escape instruction device;

[0078] Step 5 is essentially a repetition of step 3, involving the neighboring nodes Jm of node Jm. +1 The escape process is the same as step 3, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0079] Step 6: Then repeat step 5 i times until node Jm is reached. +i Overlapping with the first synchronized escape node JP1, the control unit identifies whether there are any missed rooms that have not issued audio and visual cues based on the escape simulation route map. If there are no rooms that have not issued audio and visual cues, it means that the evacuation work is completed. If there are any missed nodes, it guides the remaining rooms to issue audio and visual cues and guides the personnel to escape.

[0080] Furthermore, when there are multiple safety exits, the control unit will match each node with its nearest safety exit to form multiple escape zones, and evacuate within each escape zone according to the methods in steps 3 to 5.

[0081] Furthermore, in step 5 above, if there are two adjacent nodes of alarm node Jm and there is only one safety exit, then the node that is farther away from the safety exit is selected first; the nodes that are farther away from the safety exit and the nodes that are closer to the safety exit are selected alternately, and the ratio of the two is 2-4:1.

[0082] Furthermore, when a room has multiple entrances and exits, the multiple entrances and exits together form a node; and the coordinate point J of this node is the midpoint of the line connecting the two farthest entrances and exits in the room.

[0083] For example, in a school, one room typically represents one classroom, and a classroom generally includes a front door and a back door. In this case, when the image acquisition module collects data on people, it usually does so on a room-by-room basis, simultaneously calculating the number of people entering and exiting through the front and back doors of that room. It should be noted that the number of people counted by the image acquisition module may have errors, but individual errors will not affect the overall escape efficiency.

[0084] When the escape simulation route map has multiple branching paths, the process includes the following:

[0085] Step 1: Determine the main escape route:

[0086] Based on the location of the safety exits, the main escape route is identified. Other passages not listed in the main escape route are considered as secondary escape routes.

[0087] Step 2: Merging rooms in the main and branch escape routes:

[0088] In the main escape route, the initial node J_main1 is the intersection of the room entrance and the passage near the safety exit, and J_main2 to J_mainy are marked in the direction away from the safety exit.

[0089] When a branch escape route appears between two adjacent nodes on the main escape route, each node on the branch escape route is marked J_branch_x+1 to J_branch_x+z in the direction away from the safety exit. Based on J_main_x+1, J_branch_x+1 and J_main_x+1 are merged and recorded as J_merged_x+1. The number of people in J_main_x+1 and branch_x+1 are calculated and recorded in J_merged_x+1. This process continues until the last node of the branch escape route is reached, at which point the merging of the branch escape route and the main escape route ends.

[0090] Step 3: Subsequently, whenever a branch escape route appears between two adjacent nodes on the main escape route, the nodes of the main escape route and the nodes of the branch escape route are merged and recorded in the manner of Step 2.

[0091] When nodes of multiple branch escape routes correspond to the same node on the main escape route, the corresponding nodes on the multiple branch escape routes are merged and recorded with the main escape node, using the node of the main escape route as the reference.

[0092] To provide a better explanation, we will refer to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0093] Example 1

[0094] like Figure 2-8 As shown, this can be understood as a school or nursing home. These places generally have two or more safety exits. The control unit corresponds each node to its nearest safety exit, thereby forming multiple escape zones. In this embodiment 1, there are two safety exits. The control unit divides each node into two escape zones according to its distance from the two safety exits. People in each node within the zone escape to the corresponding safety exit.

[0095] from Figure 2 The system detects a fire in a room and marks the node connecting that room and the corridor as J1. Based on the evacuation speed of the people in this scenario, it identifies the corresponding nodes JP1 and JP2 for rooms requiring simultaneous evacuation. The system then uses an audio-visual alert module to notify the people in the rooms corresponding to nodes J1, JP1, and JP2 to evacuate. Figure 3 , 4 As can be seen, the people coming out of these three nodes maintained a greater distance from each other, thus ensuring that the people at these three nodes reached the safe exit in batches and avoiding overcrowding.

[0096] from Figure 5 , 6 As can be seen, after the first batch of personnel was evacuated, the system began marking the second batch of nodes, namely node J2 and its corresponding JP1 and JP2; at this time, the system notified the personnel in the rooms corresponding to nodes J2, JP1, and JP2 to evacuate via the audio-visual prompt module. After the second batch of personnel was evacuated, from Figure 7 , 8 It can be seen that the evacuation of the third batch of people has begun here. Additionally, from... Figure 5 , 6 As can be seen from points 7 and 8, since there are safety exits at both ends of the passage, starting from marker node J2, people evacuate in two directions respectively.

[0097] The above describes the scenario with two escape routes. If there is only one escape exit, then the priority of evacuation becomes crucial. Starting from the fire point, evacuation should prioritize the nodes corresponding to rooms furthest from the safety exit. Specifically, in step 5, if node J1 has two adjacent nodes J2, and there is only one safety exit, then the node furthest from the safety exit should be prioritized. The nodes furthest from the safety exit and those closest to the safety exit are selected alternately, with a ratio of 2-4:1.

[0098] The following description uses Example 2 as an example.

[0099] Example 2

[0100] like Figure 9-12 As shown: This can be understood as a nursing home with only a single emergency exit. Figure 9 The system detects a fire in a room and marks the node connecting that room and the corridor as J1. Based on the evacuation speed of the people in the scenario, it identifies the corresponding node JP1 for rooms that also need to evacuate. The system then uses an audio-visual alert module to notify the people in the rooms corresponding to nodes J1 and JP1 to evacuate. Figure 10 As can be seen, after the first batch of people is evacuated, the second batch is evacuated. Here, node J2 is adjacent to node Jm and far from the safety exit, and the positions of node JP1 are also generated to both sides. After the second batch is evacuated, the third batch is evacuated. Figure 11 As can be seen, node J3 was generated here. Node J3 is adjacent to node J2 and far from the safety exit. After the third batch of nodes completes evacuation, as... Figure 12 As shown: Node J4 is marked. J4 is the node that is adjacent to node J1 and close to the safety exit. Since the nodes far from the safety exit have been marked twice, the nodes close to the safety exit are marked here.

[0101] Example 3

[0102] Examples 1 and 2 above are suitable for scenarios with a single escape route, such as schools or nursing homes. If designing a small hotel or karaoke bar, where the escape simulation route map has multiple branching passages, the process includes the following:

[0103] like Figure 13 As shown:

[0104] Step 1: Determine the main escape route:

[0105] Based on the location of the safety exits, the main escape route is identified. Other passages not listed in the main escape route are considered as secondary escape routes.

[0106] Step 2: Merging rooms in the main and branch escape routes:

[0107] In the main escape route, the initial node J_main1 is the intersection of the room entrance and the passage near the safety exit, and J_main2 to J_mainy are marked in the direction away from the safety exit.

[0108] When a branch escape route appears between two adjacent nodes on the main escape route, each node on the branch escape route is marked J_branch_x+1 to J_branch_x+z in the direction away from the safety exit. Based on J_main_x+1, J_branch_x+1 and J_main_x+1 are merged and recorded as J_merged_x+1. The number of people in J_main_x+1 and branch_x+1 are calculated and recorded in J_merged_x+1. This process continues until the last node of the branch escape route is reached, at which point the merging of the branch escape route and the main escape route ends.

[0109] Step 3: Subsequently, whenever a branch escape route appears between two adjacent nodes on the main escape route, the nodes of the main escape route and the nodes of the branch escape route are merged and recorded in the manner of Step 2.

[0110] When nodes of multiple branch escape routes correspond to the same node on the main escape route, the corresponding nodes on the multiple branch escape routes are merged and recorded with the corresponding node on the main escape route, based on the node of the main escape route.

[0111] By using the above methods, the escape routes, which originally included main escape route nodes and branch escape route nodes, are now merged into a single escape route with nodes distributed sequentially. Personnel evacuation can then be arranged according to steps 2-6.

[0112] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent emergency evacuation method for densely populated small venues, based on an intelligent emergency evacuation system for densely populated venues, characterized in that: The system includes a control unit, an image acquisition module, an audio-visual prompt module, an emergency alarm module, and an escape indication device; The image acquisition modules are located at the intersections of room entrances and passageways, as well as at safety exits, and are used to collect the number of people. The audio-visual prompt modules are distributed throughout the room, providing evacuation guidance through both sound and light. Emergency alarm modules are distributed throughout the room to sense and trigger alarms in case of emergencies. Escape guidance devices are distributed along the direction of the passageway to guide the escape route; The image acquisition module, the audio-visual prompt module, the emergency alarm module, and the escape indication device are all connected to the control unit; Evacuation methods include the following steps: Step 1: The control unit constructs an escape simulation route map based on the building floor plan, and marks the image acquisition module, sound and light prompt module, emergency alarm module and escape indication device in the corresponding areas of the map to form a visual escape simulation route map; Step 2: Record the distance from each node to the safety exit and the purpose of the location on the escape simulation route map. Based on the purpose of the location, estimate the main personnel composition of the location, and then estimate the average escape speed ΔV. Confirm the average number of people at each node, ΔP, and the number of people passing through the safety exit per unit time, P. ， Calculate the average transit time ΔT, which satisfies ΔT = ΔP / P; Step 3: When an emergency occurs, the control unit sends an escape instruction to the audible and visual prompt module based on the alarm signal from the emergency alarm module and the location. Record the node corresponding to the room in the alarm area as alarm node Jm, and calculate several synchronous escape nodes JPn based on alarm node Jm. JPn-Jm is the distance between each synchronous escape node JPn and alarm node Jm, which satisfies JPn-Jm=n×△V×△T+D; m and n are positive integers greater than 0, and D is the distance compensation value, which is a dynamic positive number. The sound and light prompt module simultaneously issues escape instructions to the rooms corresponding to alarm node Jm and several synchronous escape nodes JPn, guiding the people in the rooms to escape according to the escape instruction device; Step 4: The image acquisition module acquires the number of people leaving the room corresponding to the alarm node Jm and several synchronous escape nodes JPn, and records the number of people leaving the safety exit. When the number of people leaving the safety exit exceeds 80% of the number of people leaving the room corresponding to the alarm node Jm and several synchronous escape nodes JPn, the control unit issues a second wave of escape instructions. Step 5: Second wave of escape instructions, based on the neighboring node Jm of node Jm. +1 Based on this, record the new JPn according to the method in step 3, and satisfy JPn-Jm. +1 =n×△V×△T+D, where JPn-Jm +1 The distance between the two nodes; The audio-visual prompt module simultaneously targets node Jm. +1 The room corresponding to the new synchronized escape nodes JPn issues escape instructions to guide the people in the room to escape according to the escape instruction device; Step 6: Then repeat step 5 i times until node Jm is reached. +i Overlapping with the first synchronized escape node JP1, the control unit identifies whether there are any missed rooms that have not issued audio and visual cues based on the escape simulation route map. If there are no rooms that have not issued audio and visual cues, it means that the evacuation work is completed. If there are any missed nodes, it guides the remaining rooms to issue audio and visual cues and guides the personnel to escape.

2. The intelligent emergency evacuation method for densely populated small venues according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5, if there are two adjacent nodes to alarm node Jm and there is only one safety exit, then the node that is furthest from the safety exit will be selected first. The nodes far from the safe exit and the nodes near the safe exit are selected alternately, with a ratio of 2-4:

1.

3. The intelligent emergency evacuation method for densely populated small venues according to claim 1, characterized in that: When there are multiple safety exits, the control unit will match each node with its nearest safety exit to form multiple escape zones, and evacuate within each escape zone according to the methods in steps 3 to 5.

4. The intelligent emergency evacuation method for densely populated small venues according to claim 1, characterized in that: When a room has multiple entrances and exits, the multiple entrances and exits are considered as a single node; and the coordinates of this node are the midpoint of the line connecting the two furthest entrances and exits in the room.

5. A method for intelligent emergency evacuation in densely populated small venues according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: In step 1, when the escape simulation route map has multiple branching passages, the process includes the following: Step 1: Determine the main escape route: Based on the location of the safety exits, the main escape route is identified. Other passages not listed in the main escape route are considered as secondary escape routes. Step 2: Merging rooms in the main and branch escape routes: In the main escape route, the initial node J_main1 is the intersection of the room entrance and the passage near the safety exit, and J_main2 to J_mainy are marked in the direction away from the safety exit. When a branch escape route appears between two adjacent nodes on the main escape route, each node on the branch escape route is marked J_branch_x+1 to J_branch_x+z in the direction away from the safety exit. Based on J_main_x+1, J_branch_x+1 and J_main_x+1 are merged and recorded as J_merged_x+1. The number of people in J_main_x+1 and branch_x+1 are calculated and recorded in J_merged_x+1. This process continues until the last node of the branch escape route is reached, at which point the merging of the branch escape route and the main escape route ends. Step 3: Subsequently, whenever a branch escape route appears between two adjacent nodes on the main escape route, the nodes of the main escape route and the nodes of the branch escape route are merged and recorded in the manner of Step 2. When nodes of multiple branch escape routes correspond to the same node on the main escape route, the corresponding nodes on the multiple branch escape routes are merged and recorded with the corresponding node on the main escape route, based on the node of the main escape route.

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