Sulfur-tolerant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cell and preparation method of sulfur-tolerant alloy catalyst
By loading molybdenum and platinum alloys into the air-cooled fuel cell catalyst and forming a dense chemically modified layer on the surface, the problem of catalyst susceptibility to sulfide poisoning was solved, and the catalyst's durability and anti-poisoning performance were improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510986500.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-14
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
Catalysts in air-cooled fuel cells are susceptible to sulfide poisoning, leading to performance degradation, a problem that is difficult to effectively solve with existing technologies.
A molybdenum precursor was loaded onto a carbon support using a chemical adsorption method to form a MoO3/C composite support. Platinum particles were then loaded using a reduction method to regulate the electronic effect of molybdenum atoms in the platinum lattice. Finally, a dense chemically modified layer was formed on the catalyst surface through a silanization process to suppress the physical adsorption of sulfides.
It significantly reduces the adsorption intensity of sulfides, alleviates the poisoning effect, and improves the durability and resistance to sulfide poisoning of the catalyst.
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Figure CN120955149A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell catalyst technology, and in particular to a sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of fuel cells, air-cooled fuel cells, due to their simplicity and lightweight characteristics, show promising development prospects in drones and bicycles. The structural difference between air-cooled and water-cooled fuel cells lies in the open cathode of the air-cooled stack, where the cathode reactant gas is directly introduced from the outside air. This allows impurities from the outside air, such as sulfides, to enter the cell. Sulfides (such as H2S) reach the catalyst interface with the air and readily adsorb onto the surface of the platinum-based catalyst, reacting with the catalyst to form inert compounds, leading to catalyst poisoning. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells and its preparation method, so as to solve the problem of catalyst sulfide poisoning in air-cooled fuel cells.
[0004] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0005] A method for preparing a sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells includes the following steps:
[0006] S1. Preparation of MoO3 / C composite support:
[0007] After acidification treatment, the carbon powder was impregnated in ammonium molybdate solution. After thorough impregnation with ultrasonic temperature control, the precipitate was collected and calcined in a nitrogen (N2) atmosphere to obtain the MoO3 / C composite carrier.
[0008] The carbon powder is immersed in an acid solution for acidification treatment to enhance the oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface; ultrasonic-assisted temperature-controlled impregnation is used to ensure that the carbon powder and ammonium molybdate are fully impregnated, thus achieving full loading of ammonium molybdate.
[0009] S2. Preparation of Pt-Mo / C alloy catalysts:
[0010] After mixing chloroplatinic acid solution with ethylene glycol, the pH was adjusted to 9-11. MoO3 / C composite support was then added to the resulting mixed solution. After the reaction was carried out by stirring and reflux in an oil bath, the mixture was centrifuged, washed, and vacuum dried to obtain a Pt-Mo / C alloy catalyst with a Pt loading of 20%.
[0011] S3. Surface silanization treatment:
[0012] The Pt-Mo / C alloy catalyst was placed in an argon atmosphere and SiH4 gas was introduced to deposit it under vacuum and at 180-220℃ for 25-35 minutes to obtain a sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells.
[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, in S1, the concentration of the ammonium molybdate solution is 0.08-0.12M, and the ratio of the amount of ammonium molybdate solution to the amount of toner is 8-12mL:1g.
[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention, in S1, the ultrasonic temperature control temperature is 45-55℃.
[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention, in S1, the calcination temperature is 450-550℃ and the calcination time is 1-3h.
[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the concentration of the chloroplatinic acid solution is 0.08-0.12M, and the volume ratio of the chloroplatinic acid solution to ethylene glycol is 1:8.
[0017] As a further embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the oil bath heating temperature is 150-170℃, the reflux reaction time is 3-5h, and the stirring speed is 400-600rpm.
[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the vacuum drying temperature is 55-65℃, the vacuum degree is 0.1MPa, and the drying time is 12h.
[0019] As a further aspect of the present invention, in S3, the flow rate of SiH4 gas is 15-25 sccm.
[0020] As a further aspect of the present invention, in S3, the vacuum degree is 50 Pa.
[0021] A sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells is prepared by the above-described preparation method.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0023] 1. This invention provides a method for preparing a sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells. The method involves loading a molybdenum precursor onto a carbon support using chemisorption, followed by sintering to form a molybdenum oxide / carbon composite support. Platinum particles are then loaded onto the molybdenum oxide / carbon support via reduction. Electronic effects are employed to incorporate molybdenum atoms into the platinum lattice, reducing the adsorption intensity of sulfides and mitigating the poisoning effect by shifting the d-band center downwards. Finally, a surface inert modification method is used, employing a silanization process to form a dense chemically modified layer on the catalyst surface, inhibiting the physical adsorption of sulfides.
[0024] 2. By preparing an ink-like catalyst slurry from the catalyst prepared in this invention with a perfluorosulfonic acid resin solution and related solvents, the membrane electrode prepared after spraying exhibits excellent durability. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1 The polarization curves of the membrane electrode prepared in Example 4 corresponding to the catalyst prepared in Example 1 of the present invention are compared with those of the membrane electrodes prepared in Comparative Examples 1-3. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
[0027] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the implementations of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0028] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution. Some or all steps may be executed in parallel or sequentially. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the implementation regulations of this application.
[0029] The weights of the relevant components mentioned in the embodiments of this application can refer not only to the specific content of each component, but also to the proportional relationship between the weights of the components. Therefore, any scaling up or down of the content of the relevant components according to the embodiments of this application is within the scope disclosed in the embodiments of this application. Specifically, the mass described in the embodiments of this application can be a mass unit known in the chemical industry, such as μg, mg, g, or kg.
[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
[0031] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in this application can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods. Among them, functionalized VulvanXC-72 toner is selected as the carrier.
[0032] The following description, in conjunction with specific embodiments, provides further details.
[0033] Example 1
[0034] A method for preparing a sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells includes the following steps:
[0035] S1. Preparation of MoO3 / C composite support:
[0036] 50g of VulvanXC-72 carbon powder was impregnated in 1M dilute nitric acid solution for acidification treatment for 10h; after filtration, it was impregnated in 500mL of 0.1M ammonium molybdate solution, and ultrasonically controlled at 50℃ for 12h. The precipitate was collected and calcined at 500℃ for 2h in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain MoO3 / C composite support.
[0037] S2. Preparation of Pt-Mo / C alloy catalysts:
[0038] A 0.1M chloroplatinic acid solution was mixed with ethylene glycol at a volume ratio of 1:8, and NaOH solution was added to adjust the pH to 10 to obtain a mixed solution. The amounts of the mixed solution and the MoO3 / C composite support prepared by S1 were weighed according to the Pt-Mo / C alloy catalyst with a Pt loading of 20%. The mixture was heated in an oil bath to 160℃ and stirred under reflux for 4 hours at a stirring speed of 500 rpm. After the reaction was completed, the resulting solution was centrifuged at 8000 rpm for 15 hours, the product was collected, and washed four times alternately with deionized water and ethanol. The product was then transferred to a vacuum dryer and vacuum dried at 60℃ and a vacuum degree of 0.1 MPa for 12 hours to obtain a Pt-Mo / C alloy catalyst with a Pt loading of 20%.
[0039] S3. Surface silanization treatment:
[0040] The Pt-Mo / C alloy catalyst was placed in a silanization reactor, and argon gas at a flow rate of 100 sccm was introduced for 30 min to replace the air in the reactor, so that the Pt-Mo / C alloy catalyst was in an argon atmosphere. Then, SiH4 gas at a flow rate of 20 sccm was introduced, and deposition was carried out at a vacuum of 50 Pa and a temperature of 200 °C for 30 min. After deposition, the catalyst was kept in an argon atmosphere for 1 h to enhance the density of the membrane layer, thus obtaining a sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells.
[0041] Example 2
[0042] A method for preparing a sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells includes the following steps:
[0043] S1 and S2 are the same as in Example 1;
[0044] S3. Surface silanization treatment:
[0045] The Pt-Mo / C alloy catalyst was placed in a silanization reactor, and argon gas at a flow rate of 100 sccm was introduced for 30 min to replace the air in the reactor, so that the Pt-Mo / C alloy catalyst was in an argon atmosphere. Then, SiH4 gas at a flow rate of 20 sccm was introduced, and deposition was carried out at a vacuum of 50 Pa and a temperature of 200 °C for 35 min. After deposition, it was kept in an argon atmosphere for 1 h to obtain a sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells.
[0046] Example 3
[0047] A method for preparing a sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells includes the following steps:
[0048] S1 and S2 are the same as in Example 1;
[0049] S3. Surface silanization treatment:
[0050] The Pt-Mo / C alloy catalyst was placed in a silanization reactor, and argon gas at a flow rate of 100 sccm was introduced for 30 min to replace the air in the reactor, so that the Pt-Mo / C alloy catalyst was in an argon atmosphere. Then, SiH4 gas at a flow rate of 20 sccm was introduced, and deposition was carried out for 25 min under a vacuum of 50 Pa and a temperature of 200 °C. After deposition, the catalyst was kept in an argon atmosphere for 1 h to obtain a sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells.
[0051] Example 4
[0052] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a membrane electrode, including the following steps:
[0053] 1) Preparation of sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst slurry:
[0054] Take 0.5 g of the sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst prepared in Example 1, add 3.77 mL of perfluorosulfonic acid resin solution (Nafion content is 5%), and add water and isopropanol (V) in a volume ratio of 1:5. 水 V 异丙醇 =1:5), forming an ink-like slurry. The slurry is then dispersed at a high speed of 30 m / s for 30 min at a temperature below 20℃ to obtain a uniformly dispersed catalyst slurry with a solid content of 2.7%.
[0055] 2) Fabrication of membrane electrodes:
[0056] The catalyst slurry prepared above was ultrasonically dispersed evenly, and then uniformly sprayed onto a 12 μm thick proton exchange membrane. The nozzle movement speed and discharge speed were adjusted to control the anode platinum loading at 0.1 mg / cm³. 2 The cathode platinum loading is 0.35 mg / cm³. 2During the above-mentioned anode and cathode spraying process, the temperature of the proton exchange membrane stage was 90℃, and the single-piece spraying area was 5×12cm. 2 A 300 μm thick air-cooled gas diffusion layer was placed on both sides of the above CCM to prepare a monolithic film electrode.
[0057] Example 5
[0058] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a membrane electrode. The difference from Embodiment 4 is that, in step 1), the sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst prepared in Embodiment 1 is replaced with the sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst prepared in Embodiment 2, while the remaining steps and parameters remain the same.
[0059] Example 6
[0060] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a membrane electrode. The difference from Embodiment 4 is that, in step 1), the sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst prepared in Embodiment 1 is replaced with the sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst prepared in Embodiment 3, while the remaining steps and parameters remain the same.
[0061] Comparative Example 1
[0062] This comparative example provides a method for fabricating a membrane electrode, including the following steps:
[0063] 1) Preparation of catalyst slurry:
[0064] Take 0.5 g of a conventional carbon-supported platinum particle catalyst (Pt / C) (platinum mass percentage 20%), add 3.77 mL of perfluorosulfonic acid resin solution (Nafion content 5%), and add water and isopropanol in a volume ratio of 1:5. 水 V 异丙醇 =1:5), forming an ink-like slurry. The slurry is then dispersed at a high speed of 30 m / s for 30 min at a temperature below 20℃ to obtain a uniformly dispersed catalyst slurry with a solid content of 2.7%.
[0065] 2) Fabrication of membrane electrodes:
[0066] The catalyst slurry prepared above was uniformly sprayed onto a 12 μm thick proton exchange membrane at a spraying temperature of 90 °C, with a spraying area of 5 × 12 cm. 2 The CCM load was 0.5 mg / cm³. 2 The loading ratio of the anode surface to the cathode surface is 1 / 4. A 300μm thick gas diffusion layer is placed on both sides of the above CCM to fabricate a membrane electrode.
[0067] Comparative Example 2
[0068] This comparative example provides a method for fabricating a membrane electrode, including the following steps:
[0069] 1) Preparation of catalysts:
[0070] S1. Preparation of MoO3 / C composite support:
[0071] 50g of VulvanXC-72 carbon powder was impregnated in 1M dilute nitric acid solution for acidification treatment for 10h; after filtration, it was impregnated in 500mL of 0.1M ammonium molybdate solution, and ultrasonically controlled at 50℃ for 12h. The precipitate was collected and calcined at 500℃ for 2h in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain MoO3 / C composite support.
[0072] S2. Preparation of Pt-Mo / C alloy catalysts:
[0073] A 0.1M chloroplatinic acid solution was mixed with ethylene glycol at a volume ratio of 1:8, and NaOH solution was added to adjust the pH to 10 to obtain a mixed solution. The amounts of the mixed solution and the MoO3 / C composite support prepared by S1 were weighed according to the Pt-Mo / C alloy catalyst with a Pt loading of 20%. The mixture was heated in an oil bath to 160℃ and stirred under reflux for 4 hours at a stirring speed of 500 rpm. After the reaction was completed, the resulting solution was centrifuged at 8000 rpm for 15 hours, the product was collected, and washed four times alternately with deionized water and ethanol. The product was then transferred to a vacuum dryer and vacuum dried at 60℃ and a vacuum degree of 0.1 MPa for 12 hours to obtain a Pt-Mo / C alloy catalyst with a Pt loading of 20%.
[0074] 2) Preparation of catalyst slurry:
[0075] Take 0.5g of the Pt-Mo / C alloy catalyst prepared above, add 3.77mL of perfluorosulfonic acid resin solution (Nafion content is 5%), and add water and isopropanol (V / v) in a volume ratio of 1:5. 水 V 异丙醇 =1:5), forming an ink-like slurry. The slurry is then dispersed at a high speed of 30 m / s for 30 min at a temperature below 20℃ to obtain a uniformly dispersed catalyst slurry with a solid content of 2.7%.
[0076] 3) Fabrication of membrane electrodes:
[0077] The catalyst slurry prepared above was uniformly sprayed onto a 12 μm thick proton exchange membrane at a spraying temperature of 90 °C, with a spraying area of 5 × 12 cm. 2 The CCM load was 0.5 mg / cm³. 2 The loading ratio of the anode surface to the cathode surface is 1 / 4. A 300μm thick gas diffusion layer is placed on both sides of the above CCM to fabricate a membrane electrode.
[0078] Comparative Example 3
[0079] This comparative example provides a method for fabricating a membrane electrode, including the following steps:
[0080] 1) Preparation of catalysts:
[0081] S1 and S2 are the same as in Example 1;
[0082] S3. Surface silanization treatment:
[0083] The Pt-Mo / C alloy catalyst was placed in a silanization reactor, and argon gas at a flow rate of 100 sccm was introduced for 30 min to replace the air in the reactor, so that the Pt-Mo / C alloy catalyst was in an argon atmosphere. Then, SiH4 gas at a flow rate of 20 sccm was introduced, and deposition was carried out at a vacuum of 50 Pa and a temperature of 100 °C for 50 min. After deposition, the catalyst was kept in an argon atmosphere for 1 h to obtain the catalyst.
[0084] 2) Preparation of catalyst slurry:
[0085] Take 0.5g of the catalyst prepared above, add 3.77mL of perfluorosulfonic acid resin solution (Nafion content is 5%), and add water and isopropanol (V / v) in a volume ratio of 1:5. 水 V 异丙醇 =1:5), forming an ink-like slurry. The slurry is then dispersed at a high speed of 30 m / s for 30 min at a temperature below 20℃ to obtain a uniformly dispersed catalyst slurry with a solid content of 2.7%.
[0086] 3) Fabrication of membrane electrodes:
[0087] The catalyst slurry prepared above was uniformly sprayed onto a 12 μm thick proton exchange membrane at a spraying temperature of 90 °C, with a spraying area of 5 × 12 cm. 2 The CCM load was 0.5 mg / cm³. 2 The loading ratio of the anode surface to the cathode surface is 1 / 4. A 300 μm thick gas diffusion layer is placed on both sides of the above-mentioned CCM (catalyst coating film) to form a membrane electrode.
[0088] Performance testing:
[0089] The membrane electrodes prepared in Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were assembled into a stack using metal bipolar plates and stack accessories respectively. An adjustable fan was provided externally to regulate the amount of cathode air intake.
[0090] The performance of the fuel cell stack was tested using a fuel cell testing system. This system used high-purity hydrogen as the anode reactant and was equipped with an external fan system. Different cathode air intake volumes were obtained by controlling the fan speed. Before testing, the MEA (membrane electrode assembly) was activated to activate the three-phase interface, fully open the proton transport channels, and ensure sufficient conductivity. After the operating conditions stabilized, different discharge currents or voltages were controlled. After the test, the experimental data were exported. The fuel cell unit consists of a membrane electrode, plates, gaskets, and end plates. The plates are 60×130×2mm metal bipolar plates with a parallel single-channel design on the inner side and a deep-flow channel with a ridge design on the outer side to ensure unobstructed cathode gas flow. Silicone gaskets were used for sealing; ordinary plastic plates were used as end plates. All components were tightly assembled to reduce internal resistance. The effective area of the membrane electrode in the self-made unit was 45cm². 2 The fuel cell stack was placed on a test bench for performance testing.
[0091] Polarization Test: In the electrochemical performance testing conditions of the membrane electrode, hydrogen gas is not humidified, and the cathode air humidity is the same as the ambient temperature, with sulfide content varying depending on air quality. The hydrogen pressure is adjusted to 0.2 MPa, and the cathode is kept at atmospheric pressure. The fuel cell stack is connected to the test system to test its polarization performance. A 100-hour fuel cell durability test is conducted under start-up and shutdown conditions in the 0-0.8V voltage range and variable load conditions in the 0.5-0.9V voltage range, with all other test conditions identical to the polarization test conditions.
[0092] The polarization performance of the catalysts corresponding to the above membrane electrodes was analyzed, and the test results are shown in [Figure number missing]. Figure 1 See Table 1.
[0093] Table 1
[0094]
[0095] Figure 1A comparison of polarization data of the membrane electrode prepared in Example 1 with those of Comparative Examples 1-3 shows that the polarization performance of the catalyst prepared in Example 1 is similar to that of Comparative Examples 1-3, and the performance of the example catalyst is even slightly lower than that of the comparative examples. This is because a dense modified layer forms on the surface of the catalyst in the examples, which inhibits some of the initial activity of the catalyst. Polarization performance: Comparative Example 1 > Comparative Example 2 > Comparative Example 3. This is because the electronic effect regulation of the alloy catalyst in Comparative Example 2 has a good anti-sulfide poisoning effect, and the intrinsic activity of the catalyst is enhanced. In Comparative Example 3, the alloy catalyst is covered with a chemical modified layer, resulting in the lowest performance. This is because the deposition time is too long, the film thickness increases, and the catalyst activity is inhibited. This indicates that the thickness of the chemical modified layer on the outside of the catalyst should not be too thick. However, sulfide poisoning is a persistent process, and the longer the time, the more the anti-sulfide poisoning performance of the outer film of the catalyst in the examples is demonstrated. As can be seen from the comparison of durability data in Table 1, after 100 hours of durability, Example 1 has the smallest voltage drop and the smallest catalyst activity deactivation rate, and the membrane electrode performance of Examples 2-3 is also relatively stable. It can be seen that the method of increasing surface inert modification and controlling the SiH4 deposition amount can effectively reduce the sulfide poisoning phenomenon in real working conditions.
[0096] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0097] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely a few specific examples of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Carbon powder is acidified, impregnated in ammonium molybdate solution, and after ultrasonic temperature-controlled impregnation, the precipitate is collected and calcined in N2 to obtain MoO3 / C composite carrier. S2. Chloroplatinic acid solution was mixed with ethylene glycol, and the pH was adjusted to 9-11. The resulting mixed solution was then added to a MoO3 / C composite support. The mixture was heated in an oil bath, stirred, and refluxed. After centrifugation, washing, and vacuum drying, a Pt-Mo / C alloy catalyst with a Pt loading of 20% was obtained. The S3.Pt-Mo / C alloy catalyst was placed in Ar gas, and SiH4 gas was introduced to deposit it under vacuum at 180-220℃ for 25-35 minutes to obtain a sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst.
2. The method for preparing the sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the concentration of ammonium molybdate solution is 0.08-0.12M, and the ratio of ammonium molybdate solution to toner is 8-12 mL: 1 g.
3. The method for preparing the sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the ultrasonic temperature control temperature is 45-55℃.
4. The method for preparing the sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the calcination temperature is 450-550℃ and the calcination time is 1-3h.
5. The method for preparing the sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the concentration of chloroplatinic acid solution is 0.08-0.12M, and the volume ratio of chloroplatinic acid solution to ethylene glycol is 1:
8.
6. The method for preparing the sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the oil bath heating temperature is 150-170℃, the reflux reaction time is 3-5h, and the stirring speed is 400-600rpm.
7. The method for preparing the sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the vacuum drying temperature is 55-65℃, the vacuum degree is 0.1MPa, and the drying time is 12h.
8. The method for preparing the sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the flow rate of SiH4 gas is 15-25 sccm.
9. The method for preparing the sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the vacuum level is 50 Pa.
10. A sulfur-resistant alloy catalyst for air-cooled fuel cells, characterized in that, Prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-9.