Lithium battery temperature equalization and heat dissipation system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of heat dissipation, and particularly relates to a lithium battery uniform-temperature heat dissipation system. The battery pack groups are sequentially arranged, each battery pack group comprises a plurality of battery mounting assemblies which are sequentially connected end to end, every two adjacent battery mounting assemblies are spliced and fixed through a splicing assembly, and the battery mounting assemblies are spliced and fixed with the inner wall of the frame through another splicing assembly; the water-cooling heat dissipation assembly is arranged on the outer side of the frame, the water-cooling heat dissipation assembly is communicated with the plurality of battery mounting assemblies through a water-cooling communication assembly, the battery mounting assemblies are arranged in a heat exchange manner with the lithium battery, the water-cooling heat dissipation assembly is arranged in a heat exchange manner with the plurality of battery mounting assemblies, and the water-cooling heat dissipation assembly is used for transferring heat of the lithium battery to air; the water-cooling heat dissipation assembly and the plurality of battery mounting assemblies are arranged in parallel; and a phase-change material is arranged in the battery mounting assembly, exchanges heat with the lithium battery and exchanges heat with the water-cooling heat dissipation assembly. The radiator is high in heat dissipation efficiency and uniform in temperature distribution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of heat dissipation technology, and particularly relates to a lithium battery temperature equalization and heat dissipation system. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, lithium-ion batteries have gradually become the mainstream power source in new energy vehicles, home energy storage cabinets, and other applications. As is well known, lithium batteries generate a large amount of heat during charging and discharging. In order not to affect the overall performance of the battery pack, the battery device needs to be equipped with a heat dissipation system.

[0003] Currently, lithium battery devices mainly use forced air convection for heat dissipation. However, due to the low thermal conductivity and small heat capacity of air, the heat transfer coefficient is small and the heat dissipation efficiency is low. Moreover, uneven air flow within the battery device will affect the temperature consistency of the battery device.

[0004] Therefore, a lithium battery temperature equalization and heat dissipation system is urgently needed to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a lithium battery temperature equalization and heat dissipation system to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] A lithium battery heat dissipation system includes:

[0008] frame;

[0009] Several battery pack groups are arranged in sequence. Each battery pack group includes several battery mounting components connected end to end. Two adjacent battery mounting components are spliced ​​and fixed by splicing components. Each battery mounting component is spliced ​​and fixed to the inner wall of the frame by another splicing component.

[0010] A water-cooled heat dissipation component is disposed on the outside of the frame. The water-cooled heat dissipation component is connected to several battery mounting components through a water-cooled communication component. The battery mounting components are configured to exchange heat with the lithium battery. The water-cooled heat dissipation component is configured to exchange heat with several battery mounting components. The water-cooled heat dissipation component is used to transfer heat from the lithium battery to the air.

[0011] The water-cooled heat dissipation component is connected in parallel with several of the battery mounting components;

[0012] The battery mounting assembly contains a phase change material, which exchanges heat with the lithium battery and with the water-cooling heat dissipation assembly.

[0013] Optionally, the frame includes two sets of vertical frames and horizontal frames, which are joined together to form a rectangular frame.

[0014] Optionally, the water-cooled heat dissipation component includes:

[0015] The housing is fixed to the outside of the horizontal frame;

[0016] Heat dissipation fins are configured to exchange heat with the housing, and the heat dissipation fins are fixed to the side of the housing away from the horizontal frame.

[0017] Several fans are rotatably mounted on the heat dissipation fins, and the fans are used to transfer heat from the heat dissipation fins to the air.

[0018] A water circulation unit is disposed inside the housing, the housing is filled with coolant, and the housing is connected to several battery mounting assemblies through the water circulation unit and the water-cooled communication assembly.

[0019] Optionally, the water circulation unit includes:

[0020] A water pump is fixedly connected to the housing. The inlet of the water pump is connected to the housing. The outlet of the water pump is connected to the inlet of several battery mounting components through the water-cooling connection assembly.

[0021] A return water pump is fixedly connected to the housing. The inlet of the return water pump is connected to the outlet of the battery mounting assembly through a plurality of water-cooling connecting components. The outlet of the return water pump is connected to the housing.

[0022] Optionally, the battery mounting assembly includes:

[0023] Two symmetrically arranged battery holders, with several semi-circular grooves on opposite sides of the two battery holders, the two semi-circular grooves together forming a circular groove for installing lithium batteries;

[0024] The battery holder has an embedded phase change material layer, and the phase change material layer is heat-exchangeable with the lithium battery in the semi-circular groove.

[0025] Several copper tubes arranged in sequence are embedded in the phase change material layer. The copper tubes are heat exchanged with the phase change material layer. The two ends of the copper tubes are respectively connected to the corresponding water-cooled connecting components.

[0026] The two adjacent battery holders are fixed together by the splicing assembly;

[0027] The battery holder located at the edge is fixed to the longitudinal frame by another splicing component.

[0028] Optionally, the splicing component includes:

[0029] A trapezoidal groove is formed on one of the longitudinal frames or at one end of the battery holder;

[0030] A bent spring sheet, one end of which is hinged to the trapezoidal groove, and the other end of which is slidably disposed in the side wall of the trapezoidal groove;

[0031] The splicing structure slides in conjunction with the trapezoidal groove, the splicing structure is limited in conjunction with the trapezoidal groove, the splicing structure is limited in conjunction with the bending spring, and the splicing structure is fixed on another longitudinal frame or fixed at the end of the battery holder away from the trapezoidal groove.

[0032] Optionally, the splicing structure includes:

[0033] A connector strip, wherein the connector strip has ramps on both sides, and the ramps slide in contact with the surface of the bent spring sheet;

[0034] A triangular groove is formed in the middle of the connector strip, and the bent spring is matched with the triangular groove for limiting.

[0035] Optionally, the water-cooled communication assembly includes:

[0036] A connecting strip, which covers the top or bottom of the battery pack assembly consisting of a plurality of battery mounting components arranged in sequence;

[0037] Several water distribution channels are formed within the connecting strip, and the several water distribution channels are connected through a connecting channel. Water nozzles are coaxially fixed within each water distribution channel, and each water nozzle is inserted into the end of the copper pipe in a corresponding manner.

[0038] The connecting channels of two adjacent connecting strips are connected.

[0039] Optionally, the water nozzle is threadedly fixed to the water distribution channel.

[0040] Optionally, the water nozzle is inserted into the inside of the copper pipe, and multiple sealing rings are provided between the outer wall of the water nozzle and the inner wall of the copper pipe.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0042] In use, several battery mounting components are fixed in a matrix within a frame. A water-cooling system introduces condensate into each component. As the condensate passes through the battery mounting components, it carries away heat dissipated from the lithium batteries and returns to the water-cooling system, where it transfers heat to the air. The parallel connection of the water-cooling system with each battery mounting component allows for simultaneous inflow and outflow of condensate, improving temperature uniformity. Furthermore, the phase change material (PCM) within the battery mounting components absorbs heat from the lithium batteries, and the water-cooling system transfers this heat to the PCM. The PCM design minimizes temperature fluctuations in the lithium batteries, facilitating the maintenance of their operating temperature. This overall design achieves high heat dissipation efficiency and uniform temperature distribution. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a front view structural diagram of the water-cooled heat dissipation component of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a top exploded view of the structure of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a top view of the battery mounting assembly of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a top cross-sectional view of the water-cooled communication component of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a front cross-sectional view of the water-cooled communication component of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0051] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0052] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the splicing structure of the present invention;

[0053] The components include: 1. Frame; 101. Vertical frame; 102. Horizontal frame; 2. Water-cooled heat dissipation assembly; 3. Battery mounting assembly; 4. Water-cooled connection assembly; 201. Housing; 202. Heat dissipation fins; 203. Fan; 204. Outlet pump; 205. Return pump; 301. Battery holder; 302. Phase change material layer; 303. Copper pipe; 304. Semi-circular groove; 401. Connecting strip; 402. Connecting channel; 403. Dividing channel; 404. Water nozzle; 5. Trapezoidal groove; 6. Bending spring; 7. Splicing structure; 701. Insertion strip; 702. Ramp; 703. Triangular groove. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0056] Reference Figures 1 to 9 This invention discloses a lithium battery temperature equalization and heat dissipation system, comprising:

[0057] Framework 1;

[0058] Several battery pack groups are arranged in sequence. Each battery pack group includes several battery mounting components 3 connected end to end. Two adjacent battery mounting components 3 are spliced ​​and fixed by splicing components. The battery mounting components 3 are spliced ​​and fixed to the inner wall of the frame 1 by another splicing component.

[0059] Water-cooled heat dissipation component 2 is disposed on the outside of frame 1. Water-cooled heat dissipation component 2 is connected to several battery mounting components 3 through water-cooled communication component 4. Battery mounting components 3 are heat exchanged with lithium batteries. Water-cooled heat dissipation component 2 is heat exchanged with several battery mounting components 3. Water-cooled heat dissipation component 2 is used to transfer the heat of lithium batteries to air.

[0060] The water-cooled heat dissipation component 2 and several battery mounting components 3 are connected in parallel;

[0061] A phase change material is installed inside the battery mounting assembly 3. The phase change material exchanges heat with the lithium battery and the water-cooled heat dissipation assembly 2.

[0062] In use, several battery mounting components 3 are fixed in a matrix within the frame 1. A water-cooling heat dissipation component 2 introduces condensate into each battery mounting component 3. As the condensate passes through the battery mounting components 3, it carries away the heat dissipated by the lithium battery and returns to the water-cooling heat dissipation component 2, transferring heat to the air. The parallel connection of the water-cooling heat dissipation component 2 and each battery mounting component 3 allows condensate to flow in and out of each component simultaneously, improving temperature uniformity. Furthermore, the phase change material within each battery mounting component 3 absorbs heat from the lithium battery, and the water-cooling heat dissipation component 2 transfers this heat to the phase change material. The use of the phase change material minimizes temperature fluctuations in the lithium battery, facilitating the maintenance of its operating temperature. This configuration achieves high heat dissipation efficiency and uniform temperature distribution.

[0063] As an optional implementation, the frame 1 includes two sets of vertical frames 101 and horizontal frames 102, which are spliced ​​together to form a rectangular frame.

[0064] As an optional implementation, the water-cooled heat dissipation component 2 includes:

[0065] Box 201 is fixed to the outside of the cross frame 102;

[0066] The heat dissipation fins 202 are heat exchanged with the housing 201, and the heat dissipation fins 202 are fixed to the side of the housing 201 away from the horizontal frame 102.

[0067] Several fans 203 are rotatably mounted on the heat dissipation fins 202. The fans 203 are used to transfer heat from the heat dissipation fins 202 to the air.

[0068] The water circulation unit is located inside the housing 201, which is filled with coolant. The housing 201 is connected to several battery mounting components 3 through the water circulation unit and the water-cooled connecting assembly 4.

[0069] As an optional implementation, the water circulation unit includes:

[0070] The water pump 204 is fixed inside the housing 201. The water inlet of the water pump 204 is connected to the housing 201. The water outlet of the water pump 204 is connected to the water inlet of several battery mounting components 3 through the water-cooled connecting component 4.

[0071] The return water pump 205 is fixed inside the housing 201. The water inlet of the return water pump 205 is connected to the water outlet of several battery mounting components 3 through several water-cooled connecting components 4. The water outlet of the return water pump 205 is connected to the housing 201.

[0072] When in use, fill the housing 201 with condensate, which can be water.

[0073] Cold water is injected into each battery mounting assembly 3 by the outlet pump 204. At the same time, the heat emitted by each battery mounting assembly 3 is absorbed by the water and returned to the housing 201 by the return pump 205. At this time, the heat exchange fins 202 set on the heat exchange side of the housing 201 exchange heat with the air, and the cooling effect is increased by the fan 203, which reduces the temperature of the coolant in the housing 201. The coolant is further delivered to each battery mounting assembly 3 by the outlet pump 204.

[0074] As an optional implementation, the battery mounting assembly 3 includes:

[0075] Two symmetrically arranged battery holders 301, with several semi-circular grooves 304 opened on opposite sides of the two battery holders 301, and the two semi-circular grooves 304 together form a circular groove for installing lithium batteries.

[0076] The battery holder 301 has an embedded phase change material layer 302, and the phase change material layer 302 is heat-exchangeable with the lithium battery in the semi-circular groove 304.

[0077] Several copper tubes 303 arranged in sequence are embedded in the phase change material layer 302. The copper tubes 303 and the phase change material layer 302 are heat exchanged. The two ends of the copper tubes 303 are respectively connected to the corresponding water-cooled connecting components 4.

[0078] Two adjacent battery holders 301 are fixed by splicing components;

[0079] The battery holder 301 located at the edge is fixed to the longitudinal frame 101 by another splicing component.

[0080] The lithium battery uses a cylindrical structure.

[0081] Two semi-circular grooves 304 between two symmetrically arranged battery holders 301 form a circular groove for installing lithium batteries; the lithium batteries are installed in the circular groove and exchange heat with the phase change material layer 302; a copper tube 303 is provided in the phase change material layer 302 for coolant to pass through; the copper tube 303 exchanges heat with the phase change material layer 302 so that the coolant can absorb the heat of the phase change material layer 302.

[0082] Phase change materials (PCMs) are substances that absorb or release a large amount of latent heat through phase transitions, such as solid-liquid conversions, within a specific temperature range. Their core advantage lies in the relatively constant temperature during the phase transition process, making them an ideal medium for thermal management of lithium-ion batteries. If the heat generated during charging and discharging of lithium-ion batteries cannot be dissipated in time, it can lead to a rapid temperature rise, resulting in safety issues such as electrochemical performance degradation, shortened cycle life, and even thermal runaway explosions. Therefore, maintaining the battery operating temperature within 25–40°C, with a temperature difference not exceeding 5°C, is crucial. The application of PCMs in lithium-ion battery heat dissipation is mainly achieved through passive heat absorption: when the battery temperature rises to the melting point of the PCM, the material absorbs heat and changes from a solid to a liquid state, suppressing the temperature rise; when the ambient temperature decreases, the PCM solidifies and releases heat, slowing down the decrease in battery temperature. For this embodiment, the optional material types for PCMs include:

[0083] Paraffin-based composite materials are currently the most widely used organic phase change materials in the field of lithium battery heat dissipation. Their phase change temperature can be adjusted to 17–49℃ by adjusting the carbon chain length, perfectly matching the optimal operating temperature range of lithium batteries. They also possess advantages such as good insulation, low cost, and high chemical stability. However, pure paraffin has a thermal conductivity of only 0.1–0.3 W / m·K, requiring composite modification to improve thermal conductivity and prevent liquid leakage. For example, a composite of paraffin and expanded graphite (typical mass ratio paraffin:expanded graphite:activated carbon = 20:4:1) can be used. The porous structure of expanded graphite can adsorb liquid paraffin to prevent leakage, while simultaneously constructing a thermally conductive network to increase the thermal conductivity to 5.591 W / m·K. Experiments show that this material can reduce the temperature difference of the battery pack to within 0.5℃, and the highest surface temperature of the battery at 3C discharge is 3.7℃ lower than that of pure paraffin. Further addition of graphene can enhance thermal conductivity (>10 W / m·K), making it suitable for 5C high-rate discharge scenarios.

[0084] Foamed metal matrix composites, by impregnating paraffin wax into a three-dimensional continuous metal skeleton of foamed copper or nickel, significantly improve thermal conductivity (10–20 W / m·K) and structural stability. The high porosity (>90%) of the foamed metal ensures a high paraffin loading, thereby maintaining a high latent heat (190–245 kJ / kg). Its metal skeleton accelerates heat transfer from the battery to the copper tube, making it particularly suitable for the dual mechanism of "phase change material absorbing heat first + copper tube actively dissipating heat" in this structure. For example, the foamed copper-paraffin composite material rapidly absorbs heat during battery thermal runaway, delaying the temperature rise of adjacent batteries. However, it is important to note that the conductivity of the foamed metal may pose a short-circuit risk, and insulating encapsulation must be ensured.

[0085] Microencapsulation of phase change materials involves encapsulating paraffin or fatty acids within a polymer shell (1–1000 μm in particle size) such as polyurethane or silicone, forming a core-shell structure. This completely solves the problem of liquid leakage and increases the heat exchange area. These materials can be directly incorporated into a polymer matrix and coated onto the outside of copper tubes, making them particularly suitable for curved or irregularly shaped battery surfaces. However, a capsule wall thickness of 10–30% by mass reduces the effective latent heat, necessitating increased coating thickness to compensate.

[0086] Flexible composite phase change materials are formed by mixing paraffin wax with an elastomer (such as silicone rubber) to create a flexible sheet material that fits onto the surface of a copper tube, reducing contact thermal resistance and improving heat transfer efficiency. These materials maintain flexibility even at low temperatures, making them suitable for curved encapsulation in power battery packs. However, their thermal conductivity is typically lower than that of metal-based composite materials, requiring reinforcement with expanded graphite or carbon nanotubes.

[0087] Modified organic acid esters, such as propyl palmitate (phase change temperature 16–19℃, latent heat 186kJ / kg) and butyl stearate (18–23℃, 140kJ / kg), can precisely control the phase change temperature by adjusting the carbon chain length, but require composite expanded graphite to improve thermal conductivity to meet heat dissipation requirements.

[0088] In summary, paraffin-based composite materials and metal foam-based composite materials are ideal choices for copper tube outer coating structures due to their high latent heat, shape stability, and suitable thermal conductivity. Microcapsules and flexible phase change materials provide supplementary solutions for special structure batteries. By optimizing the synergistic design of the phase change material layer and the copper tube, the heat dissipation efficiency and safety of lithium batteries can be significantly improved.

[0089] As an optional implementation, the splicing component includes:

[0090] A trapezoidal groove 5 is formed on one of the longitudinal frames 101 or at one end of the battery holder 301;

[0091] The bent spring 6 is hinged at one end in the trapezoidal groove 5, and the other end of the bent spring 6 is slidably disposed in the side wall of the trapezoidal groove 5.

[0092] The splicing structure 7 slides with the trapezoidal groove 5, the splicing structure 7 is limited by the trapezoidal groove 5, the splicing structure 7 is limited by the bending spring 6, and the splicing structure 7 is fixed on another vertical frame 101 or fixed on the end of the battery holder 301 away from the trapezoidal groove 5.

[0093] As an optional implementation, the splicing structure 7 includes:

[0094] The plug bar 701 has ramps 702 on both sides, and the ramps 702 slide in contact with the surface of the bent spring 6.

[0095] A triangular groove 703 is formed in the middle of the insert strip 701, and the bent spring 6 is matched with the triangular groove 703 for limiting.

[0096] In use, the trapezoidal groove 5 has a right-angled trapezoidal structure, and the bending spring 6 is set in the middle of the trapezoidal groove 5. The inner wall of the trapezoidal groove 5 is hinged to one end of the bending spring 6, and the other end of the bending spring 6 slides into the corresponding longitudinal frame 101 or battery holder 301.

[0097] The connector 701 has ramps 702 on both sides. When it is inserted into the trapezoidal groove 5, the ramps 702 contact and press with the bending spring 6, causing one end of the bending spring 6 to slide into the longitudinal frame 101 or the battery holder 301, while the other end of the bending spring 6 rotates. The bending spring 6 is made of an elastic metal material, which can achieve elastic expansion or bending deformation through its own properties. It can also return to its initial shape when it slides into the triangular groove 703, so that the triangular groove 703 and the bending spring 6 are in a limiting fit, thereby fixing the two battery mounting components 3 and fixing the battery mounting components 3 to the longitudinal frame 101.

[0098] This modular design makes it easy to connect the two components, thus improving production efficiency.

[0099] As an optional implementation, the water-cooled communication component 4 includes:

[0100] Connecting strip 401 covers the top or bottom of a battery pack consisting of several battery mounting components 3 arranged in sequence;

[0101] Several water distribution channels 403 are opened in the connecting strip 401. The several water distribution channels 403 are connected through the connecting channel 402. Water nozzles 404 are coaxially fixed in the water distribution channels 403. The water nozzles 404 are inserted into the ends of the copper pipes 303 one by one.

[0102] The connecting channels 402 of two adjacent connecting strips 401 are connected.

[0103] As an optional implementation, the water tap 404 is threadedly fixed to the water distribution channel 403.

[0104] As an optional implementation, the water tap 404 is inserted into the inside of the copper pipe 303, and multiple sealing rings are provided between the outer wall of the water tap 404 and the inner wall of the copper pipe 303.

[0105] The water nozzle 404 is sealed inside the copper pipe 303 by a sealing ring. One water nozzle 404 serves as the water inlet and the other water nozzle 404 serves as the water outlet. The coolant circulation is achieved through the cooperation of the outlet pump 204 and the return pump 205.

[0106] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0107] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lithium battery temperature equalization and heat dissipation system, characterized in that, include: Framework (1); A number of battery pack groups are arranged in sequence. Each battery pack group includes a number of battery mounting components (3) connected end to end. Two adjacent battery mounting components (3) are spliced ​​and fixed by splicing components. The battery mounting components (3) are spliced ​​and fixed to the inner wall of the frame (1) by another splicing component. A water-cooled heat dissipation component (2) is disposed on the outside of the frame (1). The water-cooled heat dissipation component (2) is connected to several battery mounting components (3) through a water-cooled communication component (4). The battery mounting components (3) are heat-exchange configured with the lithium battery. The water-cooled heat dissipation component (2) is heat-exchange configured with several battery mounting components (3). The water-cooled heat dissipation component (2) is used to transfer the heat of the lithium battery to the air. The water-cooled heat dissipation component (2) is connected in parallel with several of the battery mounting components (3); The battery mounting assembly (3) is provided with a phase change material, which exchanges heat with the lithium battery and the water cooling heat dissipation assembly (2).

2. The lithium battery temperature equalization and heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (1) includes two sets of vertical frames (101) and horizontal frames (102), which are spliced ​​together to form a rectangular frame.

3. The lithium battery temperature equalization and heat dissipation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water-cooled heat dissipation component (2) includes: The box body (201) is fixed to the outside of the cross frame (102); Heat dissipation fins (202) are heat exchanged with the housing (201), and the heat dissipation fins (202) are fixed to the side of the housing (201) away from the horizontal frame (102); Several fans (203) are rotatably mounted on the heat dissipation fins (202), and the fans (203) are used to transfer heat from the heat dissipation fins (202) to the air; A water circulation unit is disposed inside the housing (201), the housing (201) is filled with coolant, and the housing (201) is connected to several battery mounting assemblies (3) through the water circulation unit and the water-cooled communication assembly (4).

4. The lithium battery temperature equalization and heat dissipation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water circulation unit includes: A water pump (204) is fixed inside the housing (201). The water inlet of the water pump (204) is connected to the housing (201), and the water outlet of the water pump (204) is connected to the water inlet of a plurality of battery mounting assemblies (3) through the water-cooled connecting assembly (4). A return water pump (205) is fixed inside the housing (201). The inlet of the return water pump (205) is connected to the outlet of the battery mounting assembly (3) through a plurality of water-cooled connecting components (4). The outlet of the return water pump (205) is connected to the housing (201).

5. A lithium battery temperature equalization and heat dissipation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery mounting assembly (3) includes: Two symmetrically arranged battery holders (301) have a plurality of semi-circular grooves (304) on opposite sides of the two battery holders (301), and the two semi-circular grooves (304) together form a circular groove for installing lithium batteries. The battery holder (301) has an embedded phase change material layer (302), and the phase change material layer (302) is heat-exchangeable with the lithium battery in the semi-circular groove (304); A number of copper tubes (303) arranged in sequence are embedded in the phase change material layer (302). The copper tubes (303) and the phase change material layer (302) are heat exchanged. The two ends of the copper tubes (303) are respectively connected to the corresponding water-cooled communication components (4). The two adjacent battery holders (301) are fixed by the splicing assembly; The battery holder (301) located at the edge is fixed to the longitudinal frame (101) by another splicing component.

6. The lithium battery temperature equalization and heat dissipation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The splicing components include: A trapezoidal groove (5) is formed on one of the longitudinal frames (101) or at one end of the battery holder (301); A bent spring (6) is hinged at one end in the trapezoidal groove (5), and the other end of the bent spring (6) is slidably disposed in the side wall of the trapezoidal groove (5); The splicing structure (7) is slidably engaged with the trapezoidal groove (5), the splicing structure (7) is limitedly engaged with the trapezoidal groove (5), the splicing structure (7) is limitedly engaged with the bending spring (6), and the splicing structure (7) is fixed on another longitudinal frame (101) or fixed at one end of the battery holder (301) away from the trapezoidal groove (5).

7. A lithium battery temperature equalization and heat dissipation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The splicing structure (7) includes: A connector strip (701) is provided with ramps (702) on both sides, and the ramps (702) slide in contact with the surface of the bent spring sheet (6); A triangular groove (703) is formed in the middle of the insert strip (701), and the bent spring (6) is matched with the triangular groove (703).

8. A lithium battery temperature equalization and heat dissipation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water-cooled communication component (4) includes: A connecting strip (401) covers the top or bottom of the battery pack assembly, which is composed of a plurality of battery mounting components (3) arranged in sequence; Several water distribution channels (403) are opened in the connecting strip (401), and the several water distribution channels (403) are connected through the connecting channel (402). Water nozzles (404) are coaxially fixed in the water distribution channels (403), and the water nozzles (404) are inserted into the ends of the copper pipes (303) one by one. The connecting channels (402) of two adjacent connecting strips (401) are connected.

9. A lithium battery temperature equalization and heat dissipation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water nozzle (404) is threadedly fixed to the water distribution channel (403).

10. A lithium battery temperature equalization and heat dissipation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water tap (404) is inserted into the inside of the copper pipe (303), and multiple sealing rings are provided between the outer wall of the water tap (404) and the inner wall of the copper pipe (303).

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