Intelligent agricultural plant seedling cultivation device

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent agricultural plant seedling cultivation device, and relates to the field of seedling cultivation, the intelligent agricultural plant seedling cultivation device comprises a bottom plate, a lifting plate and an adjusting mechanism, L-shaped vertical plates are fixed to the four corners of the upper surface of the bottom plate, and vertical pipes are fixed to the positions, located at the corners of the four L-shaped vertical plates, of the upper surface of the bottom plate; the outer walls, facing the cultivation box, of the four vertical pipes are sequentially provided with two ventilation holes and four ventilation pipes from bottom to top, the adjusting mechanism is composed of a lifting assembly, a winding assembly and dredging assemblies, the lifting assembly is arranged on the transverse plate and used for controlling the lifting plate to move upwards according to the growth height of wheat, and the multiple dredging assemblies are arranged on the lifting plate and used for controlling the lifting plate to move upwards according to the growth height of wheat. The ventilation pipes are installed on the ventilation pipes and trigger dredging of the ventilation pipes along with movement of the lifting plate, ventilation requirements are gradually increased according to different growth stages of wheat, the ventilation pipes are gradually dredged along with upward movement of the lifting plate, and the problems that a traditional cultivation device is fixed in ventilation quantity and cannot meet the growth requirements are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application mainly relates to the technical field of seedling cultivation, and particularly relates to a smart agricultural plant seedling cultivation device. BACKGROUND

[0002] As one of the main global food crops, the yield and quality of wheat are directly related to food security and agricultural economic development. Traditional wheat planting adopts field direct seeding, which is easily affected by natural factors such as low temperature, drought, diseases and pests, and weed competition, resulting in low survival rate of seedlings. Through indoor seedling cultivation, the growth environment can be precisely controlled, and healthy seedlings can be cultivated and then transplanted to the field, which can significantly improve the resistance and yield of wheat. Therefore, wheat seedling cultivation has become a core link in the modern wheat planting system.

[0003] A light and heat controllable multi-layer liftable cultivation frame for wheat-corn seedling cultivation described in the prior art comprises a shock-absorbing base, a bearing plate and a cultivation box. The shock-absorbing base is fixed with side plates on the upper two sides, and the side plates are riveted with the shock-absorbing base. The bearing plate is installed on the upper middle part of the shock-absorbing base. The cultivation box is arranged above the bearing plate. The electric push rod is installed on the lower two sides of the bearing plate. The bearing plate is fixed with sliding blocks on the two sides. The top plate is installed on the upper top end of the bearing plate. The illumination lamp is fixed on the upper part of the cultivation box. The limiting blocks are arranged on the left and right sides of the cultivation box. The water pump is installed on the upper two sides of the top plate. The water pipe is arranged below and to the right of the water pump. The water pipe and the water pump are flange-connected. The water tank is fixed on the lower end of the water pipe.

[0004] The above technology can improve the space utilization rate by arranging the multi-layer bearing plate. However, only the open structure of the cultivation box is used for natural ventilation. When the ventilation demand is different at different growth stages of wheat seedlings, such as lower ventilation volume is required to maintain the humidity in the box during the wheat seedling stage, and the ventilation volume needs to be increased to reduce the risk of diseases after the jointing stage, the natural ventilation method cannot flexibly adjust the ventilation volume according to the actual demand. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the present application aims to provide a smart agricultural plant seedling cultivation device to solve the technical problems in the background.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: A smart agricultural plant seedling cultivation device includes a base plate, a lifting plate, and an adjustment mechanism. A cultivation box is fixed on the upper surface of the base plate. Multiple cultivation frames are slidably installed at the opening of the cultivation box. L-shaped vertical plates are fixed at the four corners of the upper surface of the base plate, and vertical pipes are fixed at the corners of the four L-shaped vertical plates. A horizontal plate is provided above the lifting plate, and top plates are fixed on both sides of the horizontal plate. The two ends of the lower surfaces of the two top plates are fixedly connected to the tops of the corresponding two vertical pipes. A light-transmitting film is provided on all four sides of the cultivation box and between the four L-shaped vertical plates. Two ventilation holes and four ventilation pipes are provided sequentially from bottom to top on the outer wall of the cultivation box facing the four vertical pipes. Perforations are opened at the four corners of the lifting plate, and each perforation is slidably fitted onto the vertical pipe. The adjustment mechanism consists of a lifting component, a winding component, and a clearing component. The lifting component is mounted on the horizontal plate and is used to control the lifting plate to move upward according to the growth height of the wheat. The winding component has four sets, which control the corresponding light-transmitting film to follow the movement of the lifting plate to perform winding and unwinding operations. The clearing component has several units, which are installed on the ventilation pipe and trigger the ventilation pipe to clear as the lifting plate moves, gradually increasing the ventilation demand according to the different growth stages of the wheat.

[0007] Specifically, each of the unblocking components includes a sealing plate located inside the ventilation duct. A vertical rod is welded to the top of the sealing plate, and the top of the vertical rod extends through the ventilation duct to the outside. A worm gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the top of the vertical rod. A worm is meshed with one side of the tooth surface of the worm gear. Connecting rods are fixed at both ends of the worm. A spur gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of one of the connecting rods. A rack that meshes with the spur gear is installed on one side of the hole wall by screws.

[0008] Specifically, in this technical solution, the outer ring wall of the sealing plate is bonded with sealing rubber, the outer wall of the vertical pipe is fixed with an installation block at the worm gear, another connecting rod is rotatably connected to the installation block, and the outer wall of the ventilation pipe is fixed with an inclined support frame, the end of the support frame being sleeved on the connecting rod.

[0009] Specifically, in this technical solution, the diameter of each ventilation hole is smaller than the diameter of the ventilation pipe. A mounting plate is fixed to the center of the upper surface of each of the two top plates by screws. A fan is fixed to each of the two mounting plates by screws. The output port of each fan is connected to the two vertical pipes through an air supply pipe. Multiple exhaust holes are opened on the upper surface of the lifting plate near the long side.

[0010] Specifically, the lifting assembly includes a dual-axis motor. The base of the dual-axis motor is fixedly connected to the center of the upper surface of the horizontal plate by screws. Both output ends of the dual-axis motor are fixedly connected to rope winding rollers. Steel wire ropes are wound on both rope winding rollers. The ends of the two steel wire ropes pass through the horizontal plate and are fixed to the upper surface of the lifting plate by bolts. A frame plate is provided on the upper surface of the horizontal plate at the ends of the two rope winding rollers. The ends of the two rope winding rollers are rotatably connected to the frame plate through shafts. The bottom ends of the two frame plates are fixed to the horizontal plate by screws.

[0011] Specifically, each of the winding components includes a film winding roller, with meshing gears fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of both ends of the film winding roller. Each of the L-shaped vertical plates has vertical inner teeth on its two surfaces near the cultivation box. The teeth of the two meshing gears mesh with the corresponding inner teeth. The light-transmitting film is wound on the film winding roller. L-shaped support plates are sleeved on the outer walls of both ends of the film winding roller between the light-transmitting film and the meshing gears. One end of each of the two L-shaped support plates is fixed to the upper surface of the lifting plate with screws.

[0012] Specifically, in this technical solution, a counterweight is fixed at the bottom of each of the light-transmitting films, and both ends of each counterweight are in sliding contact with the corresponding L-shaped vertical plate. A magnet is embedded in the lower surface of each counterweight, and an iron sheet is embedded in the upper surface of the base plate at the magnet.

[0013] Specifically, in this technical solution, a serpentine liquid supply pipe is fixed to the lower surface of the lifting plate by a mounting bracket. The inlet pipe of the serpentine liquid supply pipe passes through the lifting plate and is connected to the liquid supply tank through a flexible hose. Several nozzles are evenly installed on the lower surface of the serpentine liquid supply pipe.

[0014] Specifically, in this technical solution, multiple fluorescent lamps are installed on the lower surface of the lifting plate at the intervals of the serpentine liquid supply pipe, and laser rangefinders are installed on the lower surface of the lifting plate near the perforation and at the center.

[0015] Specifically, in this technical solution, each of the multiple cultivation frames has an integrally formed L-shaped overlapping plate on both sides. The overlapping plate slides in contact with the opening wall of the cultivation box. The cultivation box has symmetrically fixed crossbars inside, and the bottom of each of the multiple cultivation frames is in contact with the crossbars.

[0016] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: by detecting the growth height of wheat using a laser ranging sensor, the lifting component is triggered to control the lifting plate to move upward synchronously, always reserving suitable growth space for the seedlings. At the same time, the rack at the perforation of the lifting plate meshes with the spur gear of the unblocking component, driving the worm gear and worm wheel transmission to move the sealing plate in the ventilation pipe upward, so that the ventilation pipe is gradually unblocked as the lifting plate moves upward. During the wheat seedling stage, the low ventilation and moisture requirements are met only through the ventilation holes. During the jointing stage, more ventilation pipes are opened as the lifting plate moves upward (increasing ventilation volume and preventing diseases). Moreover, the difference in the diameter between the ventilation holes and the ventilation pipes (the ventilation hole diameter is smaller) further refines the ventilation gradient, solving the problem that the ventilation volume of traditional cultivation devices is fixed and cannot match the growth needs. Furthermore, the automatically released and rolled-up light-transmitting film ensures that the film always covers all four sides of the cultivation box, preventing the seedlings from losing temperature and humidity due to exposure caused by the lifting plate moving up. The high light transmittance of the film (suitable for indoor natural light utilization) provides a stable light environment for wheat at different growth stages. At the same time, the counterweight at the bottom of the film magnetically engages with the iron sheet on the bottom plate, ensuring that the film unfolds flat and wrinkle-free, further improving light transmission stability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is an isometric schematic diagram of the cultivation device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cultivation box and cultivation frame of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical tube structure of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view at point B in the middle; Figure 7 This is a bottom view of the lifting plate of the present invention.

[0018] Attached diagram descriptions: 1. Base plate; 101. L-shaped vertical plate; 1011. Inner toothed trough; 102. Cultivation box; 1021. Cultivation frame; 1022. Overlapping plate; 103. Vertical pipe; 1031. Ventilation hole; 1032. Ventilation pipe; 2. Lifting plate; 201. Perforation; 202. Exhaust hole; 203. Serpentine liquid supply pipe; 2031. Nozzle; 204. Fluorescent lamp; 205. Laser rangefinder sensor; 3. Horizontal plate; 301. Top plate; 302. Mounting plate; 303. Fan; 304. 1. Air supply pipe; 4. Translucent film; 401. Counterweight; 5. Adjustment mechanism; 6. Lifting assembly; 601. Dual-shaft motor; 602. Rope winding roller; 603. Frame plate; 604. Steel wire rope; 7. Winding assembly; 701. L-shaped support plate; 702. Film winding roller; 703. Meshing gear; 8. Unblocking assembly; 801. Sealing plate; 802. Vertical rod; 803. Worm gear; 804. Worm; 8041. Connecting rod; 805. Mounting block; 806. Support frame; 807. Spur gear. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described.

[0021] It should be noted that all electrical components inside the cultivation device are controlled by an external core controller, which is equipped with a touch screen that can display equipment operating parameters in real time (such as the height of the lifting plate, temperature and humidity, etc.), support manual setting of cultivation stage parameters (such as the duration of light at different stages), and have a fault alarm pop-up function (such as motor overload, sensor abnormality, etc.). The core controller serves as the signal processing and command sending center for automatically controlling the operation of the cultivation device.

[0022] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 7As shown, a smart agricultural plant seedling cultivation device includes a base plate 1, a lifting plate 2, and an adjustment mechanism 5. A cultivation box 102 is fixed on the upper surface of the base plate 1. Multiple cultivation frames 1021 are slidably installed at the opening of the cultivation box 102. L-shaped overlapping plates 1022 are integrally provided on both sides of each cultivation frame 1021. The overlapping plates 1022 slide in contact with the opening wall of the cultivation box 102. Horizontal bars are symmetrically fixed inside the cultivation box 102. The bottom of each cultivation frame 1021 contacts the horizontal bars. L-shaped vertical plates 101 are fixed at the four corners of the upper surface of the base plate 1. Vertical tubes 103 are fixed at the corners of each L-shaped vertical plate 101. A horizontal plate 3 is provided above the lifting plate 2. Top plates 301 are fixed on both sides of the horizontal plate 3. The two ends of the lower surface of the two top plates 301 are fixedly connected to the tops of the corresponding two vertical tubes 103. A light-transmitting film 4 is provided on all four sides of the cultivation box 102 and between the four L-shaped vertical plates 101. Two ventilation holes 1031 and four ventilation pipes 1032 are provided from bottom to top on the outer wall of the cultivation box 102 facing the four vertical tubes 103. A through hole 201 is provided at each of the four corners of the lifting plate 2. Each through hole 201 is slidably fitted on the vertical tube 103. The lower surface of the lifting plate 2 is fixed with a serpentine liquid supply pipe 203 by a mounting bracket. The inlet pipe of the serpentine liquid supply pipe 203 passes through the lifting plate 2 and is connected to the liquid supply tank through a hose. Several nozzles 2031 are evenly installed on the lower surface of the serpentine liquid supply pipe 203. Multiple fluorescent lamps 204 are installed on the lower surface of the lifting plate 2 at the intervals of the serpentine liquid supply pipe 203. Laser rangefinders 205 are installed on the lower surface of the lifting plate 2 near the perforation 201 and in the center. The adjustment mechanism 5 consists of a lifting component 6, a winding component 7, and a clearing component 8. The lifting component 6 is mounted on the horizontal plate 3 and is used to control the lifting plate 2 to move upward according to the growth height of the wheat. The winding component 7 has four sets, which control the corresponding light-transmitting film 4 to follow the movement of the lifting plate 2 to perform winding and unwinding operations. The clearing component 8 has several units, which are installed on the ventilation pipe 1032 and trigger the ventilation pipe 1032 to clear according to the movement of the lifting plate 2, gradually increasing the ventilation demand according to the different growth stages of the wheat.

[0023] Wheat seeds (soaked in 50℃ warm water for 2 hours) are sown in the substrate inside the cultivation frame 1021. After the spacing of the cultivation frame 1021 is adjusted by sliding along the crossbar via the overlapping plate 1022, the light-transmitting film 4 is closed, and the counterweight 401 is adsorbed onto the bottom plate 1 (magnet and iron sheet are magnetically adsorbed), forming a sealed cultivation area. At this time, the lifting plate 2 is in the initial low position, and the laser ranging sensor 205 on its lower surface detects the initial height of the seedlings (not yet germinated or just germinating after sowing) and transmits the signal to the external core controller. The core controller displays the initial parameters (height of the lifting plate 2, temperature and humidity inside the cultivation box 102, etc.) through the touch screen. The operator sets the parameters for each growth stage of wheat through the touch screen. At this time, the light-transmitting film 4 is in a semi-unfolded state under the action of the winding component 7, ensuring that the cultivation box 102 is closed on all four sides and maintaining the initial temperature and humidity; the sealing plate 801 of the unblocking component 8 is in the initial state to close all ventilation pipes 1032, with only the two ventilation holes 1031 at the bottom of the vertical pipe 103 being in the ventilation state, meeting the low ventilation requirements of wheat seedlings; the dual-axis motor 601 of the lifting component 6 is in the standby state, the steel wire rope 604 is kept taut to fix the position of the lifting plate 2, the serpentine liquid supply pipe 203 is connected to the flexible hose of the liquid supply box, and the fluorescent lamp 204 automatically starts and stops according to the set illumination duration; After the wheat seeds germinate, they enter the seedling stage. As the seedlings gradually increase in height, the laser range sensor 205 on the lower surface of the lifting plate 2 detects the seedling height in real time. The core controller, based on the preset parameters for the seedling stage, commands the nozzles 2031 of the serpentine supply pipe 203 to open at regular intervals. Nutrient solution is delivered to the serpentine supply pipe 203 through the supply tank hose and evenly sprayed onto the substrate surface of the cultivation frame 1021 through the nozzles 2031 to meet the low nutrient requirements of the seedlings. During this stage, the unblocking component 8 is not triggered, and the ventilation pipe 1032 is still closed by the sealing plate 801. Airflow is only delivered to the vertical pipe 103 through the low-speed mode of the fan 303 and discharged from the ventilation hole 1031 to maintain the humidity within a suitable range. As the wheat gradually grows and enters the jointing stage, the seedling height increases significantly. When the laser rangefinder 205 detects that the distance between its top and the lifting plate 2 is equal to or less than the 10cm threshold, the sensor transmits the signal to the core controller. The core controller then activates the lifting assembly 6. Under the combined action of its own weight and the steel wire rope 604, the lifting plate 2 slowly moves upward along the vertical pipe 103, always maintaining a preset safe distance from the top of the seedling to avoid compressing the seedling. As the lifting plate 2 moves upward, the L-shaped support plate 701 fixed on its surface simultaneously drives the film winding roller 702 of the winding assembly 7 to rise. During the upward movement, the film winding roller 702 rolls along the inner tooth 1011 and rotates counterclockwise, gradually releasing the wound light-transmitting film 4. The counterweight block 401 at the bottom of the film rises slowly as the film unfolds, and its two ends slide in contact with the L-shaped vertical plate 101 to keep the film flat. At the same time, the magnet on the lower surface of the counterweight block 401 is always magnetically attracted to the iron sheet of the bottom plate 1 (the film unfolds only slightly during the seedling stage, and the magnetic attraction is sufficient to fix it), ensuring that the film always covers all four sides of the cultivation box 102 and maintains stable temperature and humidity inside the box. At this time, the rack inside the perforation 201 of the lifting plate 2 will pass through the unblocking component 8 of the ventilation pipe 1032 one by one, causing the sealing plate 801 inside the ventilation pipe 1032 to rotate, thus unblocking the first ventilation pipe 1032. The core controller instructs the fan 303 to switch to high-speed mode, increasing the air volume supplied to the vertical pipe 103. The airflow enters the cultivation box 102 simultaneously through the ventilation hole 1031 and the four ventilation pipes 1032, quickly reducing the humidity inside the box (e.g., controlling it at 50% to 60%), preventing seedlings from lodging or developing diseases due to high humidity during the jointing stage. As the seedlings continue to grow, the lifting plate 2 continues to move upward, and the rack meshes with the spur gear 807 of the subsequent ventilation pipes 1032 in sequence, gradually opening more ventilation pipes 1032 and increasing the ventilation volume inside the box. Until the wheat seedlings have been planted, the operator moves the counterweight 401 upwards to separate the counterweight 401 from the base plate 1, so that the planting frame 1021 can be removed from the planting box 102 and the seedlings can be removed from the pot. This allows the ventilation pipe 1032 to be gradually cleared as the lifting plate 2 moves upward. During the wheat seedling stage, the low ventilation and moisture requirements are met only through the ventilation hole 1031. During the jointing stage, more ventilation pipes 1032 are opened as the lifting plate 2 moves upward (increasing ventilation volume to prevent diseases). Furthermore, the difference in aperture between the ventilation hole 1031 and the ventilation pipe 1032 further refines the ventilation gradient, solving the problem that the ventilation volume of traditional cultivation devices is fixed and cannot match the growth requirements.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the lifting assembly 6 includes a dual-axis motor 601. The base of the dual-axis motor 601 is fixedly connected to the center of the upper surface of the horizontal plate 3 by screws. Both output ends of the dual-axis motor 601 are fixedly connected to rope winding rollers 602. Steel wire ropes 604 are wound on both rope winding rollers 602. The ends of the two steel wire ropes 604 pass through the horizontal plate 3 and are bolted to the upper surface of the lifting plate 2. A frame plate 603 is provided on the upper surface of the horizontal plate 3 at the ends of the two rope winding rollers 602. The ends of the two rope winding rollers 602 are rotatably connected to the frame plate 603 through shafts. The bottom ends of the two frame plates 603 are fixed to the horizontal plate 3 by screws. Each winding assembly 7 includes a film winding roller 702. Both ends of the film winding roller 702 are fixedly fitted with meshing gears 703. Each L-shaped vertical plate 101 has vertical inner teeth 1011 on its two plates near the cultivation box 102. The teeth of the two meshing gears 703 are meshed with the corresponding inner teeth 1011. The light-transmitting film 4 is wound on the film winding roller 702. Both ends of the film winding roller 702 are fitted with L-shaped support plates 701 between the light-transmitting film 4 and the meshing gears 703. One end of each L-shaped support plate 701 is fixed with screws to the upper surface of the lifting plate 2. Each light-transmitting film 4 has a counterweight 401 fixed at its bottom end. Both ends of each counterweight 401 are in sliding contact with the corresponding L-shaped vertical plate 101. The lower surface of each counterweight 401 is embedded with a magnet. The upper surface of the bottom plate 1 is embedded with an iron sheet at the magnet.

[0025] When the core controller starts the lifting assembly 6 and controls the lifting plate 2 to move upward, the dual-axis motor 601 starts and drives the rope winding rollers 602 on both sides to rotate through the two output ends, winding the wire rope 604. The wound wire rope 604 pulls the lifting plate 2. Since the lifting plate 2 is slidably sleeved on the four vertical pipes 103, the lifting plate 2 rises vertically along the vertical pipes 103, and simultaneously drives the serpentine liquid supply pipe 203, fluorescent lamp 204, laser range sensor 205 and winding assembly 7 to move upward. When the lifting plate 2 moves upward, the L-shaped support plate 701 fixed on its surface simultaneously drives the film winding roller 702 of the winding assembly 7 to rise. Since the meshing gears 703 at both ends of the film winding roller 702 are always meshed with the inner teeth 1011 of the L-shaped vertical plate 101, the film winding roller 702 rolls along the inner teeth 1011 and rotates counterclockwise during the rising process, gradually releasing the rolled-up light-transmitting film 4. The counterweight block 401 at the bottom of the film rises slowly as the film unfolds, and its two ends slide in contact with the L-shaped vertical plate 101 to keep the film flat. At the same time, the magnet on the lower surface of the counterweight block 401 is always magnetically attracted to the iron sheet of the bottom plate 1, ensuring that the film always covers all four sides of the cultivation box 102. This not only avoids the loss of temperature and humidity caused by the seedlings being exposed when the lifting plate 2 moves upward, but also provides a stable light environment for wheat at different growth stages through the high light transmittance characteristics of the light-transmitting film 4 (suitable for indoor natural light utilization).

[0026] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, each unblocking component 8 includes a sealing plate 801 located inside the ventilation duct 1032. A vertical rod 802 is welded to the top of the sealing plate 801, and the top of the vertical rod 802 extends through the ventilation duct 1032 to the outside. A worm gear 803 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the top of the vertical rod 802. A worm 804 is meshed with one side of the tooth surface of the worm gear 803. Connecting rods 8041 are fixed to both ends of the worm 804. The outer wall of one connecting rod 8041... A spur gear 807 is fixedly sleeved, and a rack that meshes with the spur gear 807 is installed on one side wall of the through hole 201 by screws. The outer ring wall of the sealing plate 801 is bonded with sealing rubber. The outer wall of the vertical pipe 103 is fixed with a mounting block 805 at the worm gear 804. Another connecting rod 8041 is rotatably connected to the mounting block 805. The outer wall of the ventilation pipe 1032 is fixed with an inclined support frame 806, and the end of the support frame 806 is sleeved on the connecting rod 8041. The diameter of each ventilation hole 1031 is smaller than the diameter of the ventilation pipe 1032. A mounting plate 302 is fixed to the center of the upper surface of the two top plates 301 by screws. A fan 303 is fixed to the two mounting plates 302 by screws. The output port of each fan 303 is connected to the two vertical pipes 103 through the air supply pipe 304. Multiple exhaust holes 202 are opened on the upper surface of the lifting plate 2 near the long side.

[0027] During the upward movement of the lifting plate 2, the rack inside the perforation 201 contacts the spur gear 807 of the unblocking component 8 corresponding to the first ventilation pipe 1032. The rack meshes with the spur gear 807 as the lifting plate 2 moves upward, causing the spur gear 807 to rotate clockwise. The spur gear 807 drives the worm gear 804 to rotate synchronously through the connecting rod 8041. The worm gear 804 drives the worm wheel 803 to rotate, causing the vertical rod 802 to drive the bottom-connected sealing plate 801 to rotate, thus unblocking the ventilation pipe 1032. At this time, the fan 303 of the top plate 301 switches to high-speed mode, increasing the air volume supplied to the vertical pipe 103. The airflow enters the cultivation box 102 simultaneously through the ventilation hole 1031 and the unblocked ventilation pipe 1032, and then exits through the exhaust hole 202 of the lifting plate 2, forming a bottom-in, top-out airflow circulation, reducing the humidity in the box and replenishing fresh air, thus reducing the risk of diseases during the tillering period.

[0028] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Wheat seeds are sown in the substrate within the cultivation frame 1021. After the spacing of the cultivation frame 1021 is adjusted by sliding along the crossbar via the overlapping plate 1022, the light-transmitting film 4 is closed, which causes the counterweight 401 to be adsorbed onto the bottom plate 1, forming a sealed cultivation area. At this time, the lifting plate 2 is in its initial low position, and the laser ranging sensor 205 on its lower surface detects the initial height of the seedlings. At this time, the light-transmitting film 4 is in a semi-expanded state under the action of the winding component 7, ensuring that the cultivation box 102 is sealed on all four sides and maintaining the initial temperature and humidity. The sealing plate 801 of the unblocking component 8 is in the initial state to close all ventilation pipes 1032, with only the two ventilation holes 1031 at the bottom of the vertical pipe 103 being in the ventilation state, meeting the low ventilation requirements of wheat seedlings. The dual-axis motor 601 of the lifting component 6 is in standby mode, the wire rope 604 is kept taut to fix the position of the lifting plate 2, the serpentine liquid supply pipe 203 is connected to the flexible hose of the liquid supply tank, and the fluorescent lamp 204 automatically starts and stops according to the set illumination duration. After the wheat seeds germinate, they enter the seedling stage. As the seedlings gradually increase in height, the laser range sensor 205 on the lower surface of the lifting plate 2 detects the seedling height in real time. The core controller, based on the preset parameters for the seedling stage, commands the nozzles 2031 of the serpentine supply pipe 203 to open at regular intervals. Nutrient solution is delivered to the serpentine supply pipe 203 through the supply tank hose and evenly sprayed onto the substrate surface of the cultivation frame 1021 through the nozzles 2031 to meet the low nutrient requirements of the seedlings. During this stage, the unblocking component 8 is not triggered, and the ventilation pipe 1032 is still closed by the sealing plate 801. Airflow is only delivered to the vertical pipe 103 through the low-speed mode of the fan 303 and discharged from the ventilation hole 1031 to maintain the humidity within a suitable range. As the wheat gradually grows and enters the jointing stage, the seedling height increases significantly. When the laser rangefinder 205 detects that the distance between its top and the lifting plate 2 is equal to or less than the 10cm threshold, the sensor transmits the signal to the core controller. The core controller starts the lifting assembly 6. When the lifting plate 2 moves upward, the dual-axis motor 601 starts and drives the rope winding rollers 602 on both sides to rotate through the two output ends, winding the wire rope 604. The wound wire rope 604 pulls the lifting plate 2. Since the lifting plate 2 is slidably sleeved on the four vertical pipes 103, the lifting plate 2 rises vertically along the vertical pipes 103, simultaneously driving the serpentine liquid supply pipe 203, fluorescent lamp 204, laser rangefinder 205 and winding assembly 7 to move upward. As the lifting plate 2 moves upward, the L-shaped support plate 701 fixed on its surface simultaneously drives the film winding roller 702 of the winding assembly 7 to rise. Since the meshing gears 703 at both ends of the film winding roller 702 are always engaged with the inner teeth 1011 of the L-shaped vertical plate 101, the film winding roller 702 rolls along the inner teeth 1011 and rotates counterclockwise during its ascent, gradually releasing the wound light-transmitting film 4. The counterweight block 401 at the bottom of the film rises slowly as the film unfolds, its two ends sliding in contact with the L-shaped vertical plate 101 to keep the film flat. Simultaneously, the magnet on the lower surface of the counterweight block 401 is always magnetically attracted to the iron sheet of the base plate 1, ensuring that the film always covers all four sides of the cultivation box 102. Simultaneously, the rack inside the perforation 201 contacts the spur gear 807 of the unblocking component 8 corresponding to the first ventilation pipe 1032. The rack moves upward with the lifting plate 2 and meshes with the spur gear 807, causing the spur gear 807 to rotate clockwise. The spur gear 807 drives the worm gear 804 to rotate synchronously through the connecting rod 8041. The worm gear 804 drives the worm wheel 803 to rotate, causing the vertical rod 802 to drive the bottom-connected sealing plate 801 to rotate, thus unblocking the ventilation pipe 1032. At this time, the fan 303 of the top plate 301 switches to high speed. In high-speed mode, the air volume supplied to the vertical pipe 103 is increased. The airflow enters the cultivation box 102 simultaneously through the ventilation hole 1031 and the unblocked ventilation pipe 1032, and then exits through the exhaust hole 202 of the lifting plate 2, forming a bottom-in and top-out airflow circulation, reducing the humidity in the box and replenishing fresh air, reducing the risk of diseases during the tillering period. As the seedlings continue to grow, the lifting plate 2 continues to move upward, and the rack meshes with the spur gear 807 of the subsequent ventilation pipe 1032 in sequence, gradually opening more ventilation pipes 1032 and increasing the ventilation volume in the box. Once the wheat seedlings have been planted, the operator moves the counterweight 401 upwards to separate it from the base plate 1, making it easier to remove the planting frame 1021 from the planting box 102 and remove the seedlings from their pots.

[0029] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the invention and are not intended to limit it. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions, and variations to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such modifications, substitutions, and variations are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart agricultural plant seedling cultivation device, comprising a base plate (1), a lifting plate (2), and an adjustment mechanism (5), wherein a cultivation box (102) is fixed on the upper surface of the base plate (1), and multiple cultivation frames (1021) are slidably installed at the opening of the cultivation box (102), and L-shaped vertical plates (101) are fixed at the four corners of the upper surface of the base plate (1), and vertical pipes (103) are fixed at the four corners of the L-shaped vertical plates (101) on the upper surface of the base plate (1), characterized in that, A horizontal plate (3) is provided above the lifting plate (2). A top plate (301) is fixed on both sides of the horizontal plate (3). The two ends of the lower surface of the two top plates (301) are fixedly connected to the top of the corresponding two vertical pipes (103). A light-transmitting film (4) is provided on all four sides of the cultivation box (102) and between the four L-shaped vertical plates (101). The four vertical pipes (103) facing the outer wall of the cultivation box (102) are provided with two ventilation holes (1031) and four ventilation pipes (1032) from bottom to top. A through hole (201) is provided at each of the four corners of the lifting plate (2). Each through hole (201) is slidably sleeved on the vertical pipe (103). The adjustment mechanism (5) consists of a lifting component (6), a winding component (7), and a clearing component (8). The lifting component (6) is set on the horizontal plate (3). The lifting component (6) is used to control the lifting plate (2) to move upward according to the growth height of the wheat. The winding component (7) has four sets, which respectively control the corresponding light-transmitting film (4) to follow the movement of the lifting plate (2) to perform winding and unwinding operations. The clearing component (8) has several sets, which are respectively installed on the ventilation pipe (1032) and follow the movement of the lifting plate (2) to trigger the ventilation pipe (1032) to clear, gradually increasing the ventilation demand according to the different growth stages of the wheat.

2. The intelligent agricultural plant seedling cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the unblocking components (8) includes a sealing plate (801) located inside the ventilation pipe (1032). A vertical rod (802) is welded to the top of the sealing plate (801). The top of the vertical rod (802) extends through the ventilation pipe (1032) to the outside. A worm gear (803) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the top of the vertical rod (802). A worm (804) is meshed with one side of the tooth surface of the worm gear (803). A connecting rod (8041) is fixed at both ends of the worm (804). A spur gear (807) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of one of the connecting rods (8041). A rack that meshes with the spur gear (807) is installed on one side of the hole wall of the perforation (201) by screws.

3. The intelligent agricultural plant seedling cultivation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer ring wall of the sealing plate (801) is bonded with sealing rubber. The outer wall of the vertical pipe (103) is fixed with an installation block (805) at the worm gear (804). Another connecting rod (8041) is rotatably connected to the installation block (805). The outer wall of the ventilation pipe (1032) is fixed with an inclined support frame (806). The end of the support frame (806) is sleeved on the connecting rod (8041).

4. The intelligent agricultural plant seedling cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of each ventilation hole (1031) is smaller than the diameter of the ventilation pipe (1032). A mounting plate (302) is fixed to the center of the upper surface of each of the two top plates (301) by screws. A fan (303) is fixed to each of the two mounting plates (302) by screws. The output port of each fan (303) is connected to the two vertical pipes (103) through an air supply pipe (304). Multiple exhaust holes (202) are opened on the upper surface of the lifting plate (2) near the long side.

5. The intelligent agricultural plant seedling cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting assembly (6) includes a dual-axis motor (601). The base of the dual-axis motor (601) is fixedly connected to the center of the upper surface of the horizontal plate (3) by screws. Both output ends of the dual-axis motor (601) are fixedly connected to rope rollers (602). Steel wire ropes (604) are wound on both rope rollers (602). The ends of the two steel wire ropes (604) pass through the horizontal plate (3) and are bolted to the upper surface of the lifting plate (2). The upper surface of the horizontal plate (3) is provided with a frame plate (603) at the ends of the two rope rollers (602). The ends of the two rope rollers (602) are rotatably connected to the frame plate (603) through shafts. The bottom ends of the two frame plates (603) are fixed to the horizontal plate (3) by screws.

6. The intelligent agricultural plant seedling cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the winding components (7) includes a film winding roller (702), and meshing gears (703) are fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of both ends of the film winding roller (702). Each of the L-shaped vertical plates (101) has vertical inner teeth (1011) on the two plates near the cultivation box (102). The tooth surfaces of the two meshing gears (703) are meshed with the corresponding inner teeth (1011). The light-transmitting film (4) is wound on the film winding roller (702). L-shaped support plates (701) are sleeved on the outer walls of both ends of the film winding roller (702) between the light-transmitting film (4) and the meshing gears (703). One end of each of the two L-shaped support plates (701) is fixed with screws on the upper surface of the lifting plate (2).

7. The intelligent agricultural plant seedling cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the light-transmitting films (4) has a counterweight (401) fixed at its bottom end. Both ends of each counterweight (401) are in sliding contact with the corresponding L-shaped vertical plate (101). A magnet is embedded in the lower surface of each counterweight (401). An iron sheet is embedded in the upper surface of the base plate (1) at the magnet.

8. The intelligent agricultural plant seedling cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower surface of the lifting plate (2) is fixed with a serpentine liquid supply pipe (203) by a mounting bracket. The inlet pipe of the serpentine liquid supply pipe (203) passes through the lifting plate (2) and is connected to the liquid supply tank through a hose. Several nozzles (2031) are evenly installed on the lower surface of the serpentine liquid supply pipe (203).

9. A smart agricultural plant seedling cultivation device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Multiple fluorescent lamps (204) are installed on the lower surface of the lifting plate (2) at the intervals of the serpentine liquid supply pipe (203). Laser rangefinders (205) are installed on the lower surface of the lifting plate (2) near the perforation (201) and at the center.

10. The intelligent agricultural plant seedling cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sides of the multiple cultivation frames (1021) are integrally provided with L-shaped overlapping plates (1022), the overlapping plates (1022) slide in contact with the opening wall of the cultivation box (102), the cultivation box (102) is symmetrically fixed with crossbars inside, and the bottom of the multiple cultivation frames (1021) are in contact with the crossbars.

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