Breeding method for improving egg production rate of white goose

Abstract

The application discloses a breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese, which comprises the following steps: 1, selecting the individuals of the first generation of white geese with high egg production rate to form a material group, eliminating the individuals with low egg production rate through four years of breeding, and then forming a basic group of the white geese with high egg production rate as a first male parent; 2, selecting the individuals of the first generation of white geese with high egg production rate to form a material group, eliminating the individuals with low egg production rate through four years of breeding, and then forming a basic group of the white geese with high egg production rate as a first female parent; and 3, crossbreeding the first male parent and the first female parent, and selecting the individuals with high egg production rate from the offspring. The application realizes the breakthrough improvement of the egg production performance of the white geese by establishing a parent difference breeding system, a four-stage dynamic seed selection mechanism and fine supporting management, and the results of the embodiments show that the method can make the average annual egg production of different local varieties of white geese reach 95-105, the age at first egg laying is shortened by 10-15 days, and the method provides key technical support for the industrial development of the white geese.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to methods for raising geese, specifically a breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese. Technical Background

[0002] Because there is a genetic negative correlation between reproductive performance and growth rate in goose breeds, larger, faster-growing geese lay fewer eggs, while high-laying geese are smaller and grow more slowly. This has significantly constrained the industrialization of goose farming. Furthermore, the relatively long age at which existing white geese begin laying eggs, their low egg production rate, and small egg quantity further limit the industrialization of white goose farming.

[0003] As an important economic poultry species, the egg production performance of white geese directly affects the efficiency of seedling supply and breeding benefits. Traditional white goose breeds generally suffer from low egg production rates (average 80-90 eggs per year), late onset of egg production (over 200 days), and strong broodiness. Existing breeding methods mostly employ single-trait selection, lacking systematic supporting measures, resulting in slow genetic progress. For example, conventional group breeding focuses only on individual egg production numbers, neglecting the integration of family genetic advantages; environmental management and nutritional regulation are not coordinated with breeding goals, leading to the inability to fully express gene potential. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention aims to solve the following technical problems:

[0005] (1) Traditional breeding methods do not match egg production performance with the reproductive cycle;

[0006] (2) The genetic advantages of the family line were not fully realized through systematic selection strategies;

[0007] (3) The disconnect between environmental management and genetic selection limits the potential for increasing egg production rate.

[0008] This invention discloses a breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1. Select first-generation white geese with high egg production rate to form a material group. After four years of selection and breeding, eliminate individuals with low egg production rate, and then form a basic group of white geese with high egg production rate to start family selection and breeding as the first paternal line.

[0010] S2. Select first-generation white geese with high egg production rate to form a material group. After four years of selection and breeding, eliminate individuals with low egg production rate, and then form a basic group of white geese with high egg production rate to start family selection and breeding as the first maternal line.

[0011] S3. Use the first male parent and the first female parent to cross and select individuals with high egg production rates from the offspring.

[0012] More preferably, the white goose is any one of the following: Anhui white goose, Zhejiang white goose, or Sichuan white goose.

[0013] Further preferred, the first-generation white goose mother breed is selected based on the following criteria: pure white composite feathers, low broodiness of the mother goose, excellent egg production performance, an average annual egg production of more than 90±5 eggs, good cooperation ability, sexual maturity period of 200±10 days, and a 5% egg production rate of 250-280 days.

[0014] Further preferred criteria for the first-generation white goose sire are: pure white composite feathers, excellent egg production performance, an average annual egg production of more than 85±5 eggs, and a sexual maturity period of 175-180 days.

[0015] Further optimization resulted in white geese with an age of 190±10 days at which they began laying eggs and an annual egg production of 100±5 eggs.

[0016] Further optimization involves using a combination of individual and family breeding to determine egg production rate and quantity, with family breeding being the primary method.

[0017] Further selection involves the following steps: First selection: No selection is performed at hatching; a small number of goslings that are too small or have poor physique are culled, and wing tags are attached according to family lineage. Second selection: At 9 weeks of age, the entire flock is weighed, and smaller individuals are selected for breeding at a certain retention rate. Male geese are selected based on above-average weight, and female geese are selected based on moderate weight and health indicators. The retention rates for the first two generations are 20±3% and 40±5%, respectively, and the retention rate for the third generation can reach over 60%. Third selection: At 19 weeks of age, the goslings are transferred to the laying goose house, and measurements are taken... First, determine the individual weight, and cull those that are too heavy, do not meet the size requirements, or are too small. Also cull male and female geese that do not meet the size and appearance requirements, and tag them with leg numbers. Fourth selection: At 25 weeks of age, analyze the egg production performance of each family line, mainly including the average age at first egg and the average number of eggs laid. Select geese for breeding based on the family line performance, and maintain the female geese selection rate of the family line at 37-41%. When selecting geese for breeding, the male-to-female ratio should be about 1:6. The next generation of families is formed using a random method to avoid inbreeding of full siblings, half siblings, and 1 / 4 siblings for successive generations of breeding.

[0018] Further optimization involved paternal lines that underwent four generations of continuous breeding, with each generation having a family number of over 40. The retention rates of male and female geese in these families were 10-12% and 30-45%, respectively. In terms of reproductive performance, approximately 41% of the female geese showed a significant increase in the age at first egg production, from 190±5 days in generation 0 to 180±5 days in generation 4. The number of eggs laid by the female geese upon entering the shed also increased significantly, from 85±5 eggs in generation 0 to 100±5 eggs in generation 4.

[0019] Further optimization revealed that the maternal line underwent continuous selection and breeding for four generations, with each generation having more than forty family members. The retention rates of male and female geese in these families were 7%-7.5% and 38-41%, respectively. In terms of reproductive performance, 39% of the female geese had significantly earlier onset of egg production, from 190±5 days in generation 0 to 180±5 days in generation 4, an improvement of ten days.

[0020] Further preferred features include: (1) Light control: During the rearing period (0-9 weeks old), the daily light duration is ≤10 hours, and during the laying period (after 25 weeks old), the daily light duration is gradually increased to 14-15 hours, with a light intensity of 10-15 lux; (2) Nutritional regulation: During the laying period, the crude protein content of the feed is ≥18%, the calcium-to-phosphorus ratio is 2:1, and 0.5% methionine and 0.2% compound vitamin premix are added; (3) Environmental management: The temperature of the laying goose house is controlled at 15-25℃, the relative humidity is 65-70%, and the stocking density is ≤3 birds per square meter; (4) Incubation optimization: The storage period for hatching eggs is ≤7 days, the storage temperature is 13-16℃, and formaldehyde fumigation (concentration 14g / m²) is used for disinfection before incubation. 3 (Time: 20 minutes)

[0021] The technical approach of this invention is as follows:

[0022] (1) Differentiated breeding of two parents: establish a paternal line (sexual maturity at 170-180 days) and a maternal line (average annual egg production of 90±5 eggs) respectively, and achieve trait aggregation through four generations of family breeding;

[0023] (2) Four-stage dynamic seed selection:

[0024] (2.1) Initial screening of goslings (at hatching): Weak individuals are culled and wing numbers are assigned according to family lineage;

[0025] (2.2) Weight control for breeding (9 weeks old): Male geese are selected for breeding based on their weight at the upper-middle level, and female geese are selected based on their body size and health indicators.

[0026] (2.3) Body size screening (19 weeks old): Eliminate individuals that are too large or too small, and assign foot size tags;

[0027] (2.4) Egg production performance pedigree assessment (25 weeks of age): Based on the age at first laying and the number of eggs laid, pedigrees were selected for breeding, with a female goose retention rate of 31-41%;

[0028] (3) Supporting management techniques:

[0029] (3.1) Gradual control of light intensity (≤12h during the rearing period and 14-16h during the laying period);

[0030] (3.2) High-protein feed (crude protein ≥18%, calcium-to-phosphorus ratio 2:1);

[0031] (3.3) Precise environmental control (temperature 15-25℃, humidity 60-70%).

[0032] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention:

[0033] 1. Breakthrough improvement in egg production performance: The average annual egg production of the fourth generation of Anhui White Geese reached 98-102 eggs, an increase of 22.5% compared with the previous generation (80-85 eggs); the age of first egg production of Zhejiang White Geese was brought forward from 195 days to 182 days, and the peak egg production period was extended by 30 days; the time for Sichuan White Geese to reach 5% egg production rate was shortened from 290 days to 265 days.

[0034] 2. Optimization of breeding efficiency: The retention rate of male geese is 7-12% combined with the retention rate of female geese is 31-41%, which realizes the efficient transmission of high-quality genes; the family mating ratio is 1:(4-7), reducing the inbreeding coefficient to below 0.05.

[0035] 3. Significant economic benefits: Annual income increase per female goose: Calculated at a unit price of 5 yuan for hatching eggs, 100 eggs / year × 5 yuan = 500 yuan, with a net increase of 200 yuan after deducting costs; Increased production capacity of breeding goose farms: Under the same scale, the number of replacement breeding geese can be reduced by 30%. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a technical roadmap of four generations of breeding in Examples 1-3 of the breeding method for improving egg production rate of white geese proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] Before further describing specific embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described below; it should also be understood that the terminology used in the embodiments of the present invention is for describing specific embodiments and not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Test methods in the following embodiments that do not specify specific conditions are generally performed under conventional conditions or as recommended by the respective manufacturers.

[0038] When numerical ranges are given in the embodiments, it should be understood that, unless otherwise stated in this invention, both endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints may be selected. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. In addition to the specific methods, apparatus, and materials used in the embodiments, based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art and the description of this invention, any prior art methods, apparatus, and materials similar to or identical to those described in the embodiments of this invention may be used to implement this invention.

[0039] Unless otherwise stated, the test methods, detection methods and preparation methods disclosed in this invention all adopt conventional techniques in this technical field.

[0040] Example 1: Breeding of Anhui West White Geese

[0041] 1. Establishment of the basic group

[0042] Male selection: 120 male geese that reached sexual maturity at 175±3 days and had an average annual egg production of 88±3 were selected from the Lu'an Goose Breeding Farm in Anhui Province to form 40 families;

[0043] Selection of female geese: 480 female geese with pure white feathers, broodiness ≤ 2 times / year, and an average annual egg production of 93±2 eggs were selected and grouped according to family lineage.

[0044] 2. Four-generation breeding process

[0045] First generation: 9-week-old selection: 10% of male geese (top 12% by weight) and 35% of female geese (mid-weight + liver index ≥ 2.8); 25-week-old family assessment: culling families with an age of >195 days at first egg production, and retaining the top 30% of families in terms of egg production.

[0046] 4th generation: Egg production performance: The average annual egg production of female geese is 101±3 eggs, and the age at first laying is 182±5 days; Supporting measures: 15 hours of light per day during the laying period, 19% crude protein in feed, and temperature control of 20±2℃ in the goose house.

[0047] Conclusion: Time to reach 5% egg production rate: 275 days; Hatching egg qualification rate: 92%.

[0048] Example 2: Breeding of Zhejiang East White Geese

[0049] 1. Differentiated seed selection strategy

[0050] Enhanced sexual maturity in the sire: Select male geese that begin laying eggs at 170-175 days old, and add 0.1% zinc to their feed to promote testicular development;

[0051] Maternal stress resistance selection: High temperature (32℃ / 4h) stress test was added during the 19-week-old selection stage, and individuals with heart rate variability >15% were eliminated.

[0052] 2. Environmental control and optimization: Light during the rearing period: 10h / day to inhibit premature maturity; Humidity control during the egg-laying period: 65±3%, equipped with a misting cooling system.

[0053] 3. Results across four generations: Average annual egg production increased from 82 to 97; Broodiness incidence decreased from 45% to 18%.

[0054] Example 3: Breeding of Sichuan White Geese

[0055] 1. Family-specific management

[0056] Paternal line: Feed the baby a high-protein diet containing 2% fishmeal at 7-9 weeks of age to promote bone development;

[0057] Maternal lineage: After 25 weeks of gestation, increase daily exposure to blue light (wavelength 450nm) for 30 minutes to stimulate follicle development.

[0058] 2. Incubation technology innovation: Egg storage: adopt a phased cooling method (16℃ on day 1 to 13℃ on day 7); Fumigation disinfection: fumigate with formaldehyde 14g / m3 for 20 minutes, and then neutralize the residue with ammonia water.

[0059] 3. Comparison of breeding data

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] Analysis of the conclusions and reasons for Examples 1-3:

[0063] I. Conclusion:

[0064] 1. Egg production performance is significantly improved, but the extent of the improvement varies depending on breed characteristics:

[0065] Anhui White Goose: Average annual egg production increased from 93 to 101 (+8.6%), and the age at first laying eggs shortened from approximately 195 days to 182 days; Zhejiang White Goose: Average annual egg production increased from 82 to 97 (+18.3%), and the incidence of broodiness decreased by 60%; Sichuan White Goose: Average annual egg production increased from 84 to 99 (+17.9%), and the fertilization rate increased by 8%.

[0066] Preliminary conclusion: Varieties with lower initial egg production (Zhejiang East and Sichuan) showed greater improvement, indicating that the potential for genetic potential release is negatively correlated with basic performance.

[0067] 2. The optimization of the breeding cycle is consistent, but the driving factors are different: the age of first egg production is shortened by 10-15 days for all breeds, but: Anhui white geese rely on light and temperature control (15h light + 20℃); Zhejiang white geese reduce physiological delay through anti-stress screening (high temperature test); Sichuan white geese use blue light stimulation to promote gonadal development.

[0068] 3. Supporting measures should be adapted to the specific needs of the variety:

[0069] Anhui White Goose: Focuses on environmental stability (temperature, light) to maintain high productivity; Zhejiang White Goose: Addresses the issue of strong broodiness by breaking reproductive inertia through humidity control and stress-resistant breeding; Sichuan White Goose: Optimizes the incubation process (egg storage + disinfection) to compensate for the short fertilization rate.

[0070] II. Analysis of possible reasons for the above conclusions:

[0071] 1. Differences in genetic background determine the path to improvement: Anhui white geese have high initial egg production performance (93 eggs for the females), with limited room for improvement. They need to tap their remaining potential through refined environmental management (such as temperature control); Zhejiang white geese have high broodiness (45%). By culling stress-sensitive individuals, reproductive interruptions can be directly reduced, thereby improving the sustainability of egg production; Sichuan white geese have a low fertilization rate (78%), and innovation in hatching technology (staged cooling + neutralization and disinfection) has become key.

[0072] 2. Relationship between breeding strategies and phenotypes: The selection criteria of "medium-weight male geese + healthy female geese" for Anhui white geese balances growth rate and egg production persistence; the "zinc supplementation + high temperature stress test" for Zhejiang white geese specifically enhances sexual maturity speed and stress resistance; the "blue light irradiation + high protein feed" for Sichuan white geese promotes follicle development through exogenous stimulation and nutritional synergy.

[0073] 3. Enhanced effects of environmental regulation: Light management: Extend the light exposure of Anhui white geese to 15 hours during the egg-laying period to simulate the secretion of gonadotropins during long-day conditions; Humidity control: Maintain 65% humidity for Zhejiang white geese to reduce the inhibition of follicle development by heat stress; Nutritional fortification: Add 2% fishmeal to Sichuan white geese to provide essential amino acids to support eggshell formation.

[0074] Based on the examples 1-3 above, the following conclusions can be drawn: This invention, through establishing a differentiated breeding system for both parents, a four-stage dynamic selection mechanism, and refined supporting management, has achieved a breakthrough improvement in the egg production performance of white geese. The examples show that this method can enable different local breeds to achieve an average annual egg production of 95-105 eggs and shorten the age at first egg production by 10-15 days, providing key technical support for the industrialization of white geese.

[0075] Comparative Example 1: Traditional Individual Selection Method (Family-less Selection)

[0076] Breeding program:

[0077] 1. Selection criteria: Selection is based solely on individual egg production, with females having an average annual egg production of ≥90 eggs and males reaching sexual maturity ≤180 days.

[0078] 2. Breeding process: Weak individuals are culled at hatching (same as in this invention); at 9 weeks of age, individuals with medium to high body weight are retained for breeding (top 15% of male geese and top 30% of female geese); at 19 weeks of age, individuals with abnormal body shape are culled; at 25 weeks of age, the egg production of individuals is counted, and the top 30% of individuals are retained;

[0079] 3. Management measures: Natural light (14h / day), basic feed (15% crude protein), and no control over temperature and humidity in the goose house.

[0080] 4. The results of the fourth generation are shown in the table below.

[0081] index Basic Group (Generation 0) four generations Age at onset of labor (days) 195±5 188±5 Annual egg production (eggs) 93±2 96±3

[0082] Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that:

[0083] 1. The average annual egg production increased by only 3.2%, while this invention increased by 8.6%, indicating that individual breeding alone cannot effectively integrate the genetic advantages of the family lineage; 2. The age at first laying was shortened by 7 days, which was due to the lack of light regulation and nutritional fortification, resulting in limited effect on promoting sexual maturity; 3. The qualified rate of hatching eggs increased by 2%, but the lack of optimization of the incubation process led to a slight improvement in fertilization rate.

[0084] Comparative Example 2: Lack of supporting management (genetic selection only)

[0085] Broodiness incidence (%) detection method: Broodiness refers to the tendency of female poultry (such as geese) to incubate eggs during the breeding cycle, and is an important indicator affecting egg production efficiency. Detection is mainly carried out through the following methods: Behavioral observation method: Statistically analyze the proportion of days during the egg-laying cycle when the female poultry actively incubates eggs out of the total breeding cycle.

[0086] Breeding program:

[0087] Breeding steps: The family selection process of this invention is adopted in its entirety (four-stage dynamic selection and parental differential selection);

[0088] Management measures: 1. Natural light (14 hours of natural light during the rearing period to the laying period); 2. Basic feed (15% crude protein, no methionine added); 3. No temperature and humidity control in the goose house (maximum 32℃ and 80% humidity in summer).

[0089] index Basic Group (Generation 0) four generations Age at onset of labor (days) 195±5 190±5 Annual egg production (eggs) 93±2 95±4 Ovulation incidence (%) 25 22

[0090] Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, we can see that: 1. The average annual egg production increased by 2.2%, indicating that the reduction in high-protein feed led to restricted follicle development; 2. The age at first laying was shortened by only 5 days, and the lack of light gradient regulation (the failure to inhibit early maturity during the rearing period) affected the synchronicity of sexual maturity; 3. Brooding behavior decreased by 12%, and the high temperature and humidity environment exacerbated reproductive inertia.

[0091] Comparative Example 3: Breeding without separating paternal / maternal parents (mixed breeding)

[0092] Inbreeding coefficient calculation standard: Pedigree analysis method: Calculates the probability that individuals inherit the same alleles from a common ancestor using family pedigree charts. The formula is as follows:

[0093]

[0094] Where n is the number of generations from the common ancestor to the individual.

[0095] Breeding program:

[0096] Selection criteria: Both male and female parents are selected according to the same criteria (average annual egg production ≥ 90 eggs, sexual maturity ≤ 180 days);

[0097] Breeding process:

[0098] The four-stage dynamic seed selection is the same as that of the present invention, but the family mating ratio is 1:3 (the male / female family is not distinguished);

[0099] Management measures: Completely adopt the supporting management plan of the present invention.

[0100] Results of four generations:

[0101] index Basic Group (Generation 0) four generations Age at onset of labor (days) 195±5 185±5 Annual egg production (eggs) 93±2 98±3 Inbreeding coefficient 0.02 0.12

[0102] Comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 3, it can be seen that: 1. The average annual egg production increased by 5.4%. Due to the undifferentiated traits of the male parent (fast sexual maturity) and the female parent (high egg production), the gene aggregation efficiency decreased; 2. The inbreeding coefficient increased to 0.12, and the mixed breeding led to a decrease in the genetic diversity of the family; 3. Although the supporting management improved the environmental adaptability, the core genetic gain was limited.

[0103] Through the comparison of three groups of comparative examples and Example 1, it can be seen that: 1. Compared with Comparative Example 1, family breeding contributed to about 60% of the increase in egg production; 2. Compared with Comparative Example 2, the supporting management contributed to about 35% of the shortening of the age at first laying; 3. Compared with Comparative Example 3, the differential breeding of both parents reduced the inbreeding risk and improved the trait aggregation efficiency.

[0104] According to the technical solution and technical effect of the present invention, the enlightenment of the breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese disclosed by the present invention for industrial application is as follows: 1. Variety adaptability: It is necessary to design a differential management plan according to the characteristics of local varieties (such as broodiness and fertilization rate); 2. Technical integration: Genetic breeding must be deeply integrated with environmental regulation and nutritional optimization, and the effect of single measures is limited; 3. Economic trade-off: The high environmental control cost (constant temperature goose house) of Wanxi white geese is suitable for large-scale goose farms, while the incubation optimization of Sichuan white geese is more suitable for small and medium-sized farmers.

[0105] Example: If it is promoted in rural areas of Sichuan, the technology of "blue light irradiation + simple stage cooling" can be preferentially adopted, and the cost per household is reduced, and the egg production can still be increased.

[0106] The present invention realizes a breakthrough improvement in the egg production performance of white geese through systematic integration of genetic breeding and environmental regulation, which is significantly better than the traditional method.

[0107] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Select first-generation white geese with high egg production rate to form a material group. After four years of selection and breeding, eliminate individuals with low egg production rate, and then form a basic group of white geese with high egg production rate to start family selection and breeding as the first paternal line. S2. Select first-generation white geese with high egg production rate to form a material group. After four years of selection and breeding, eliminate individuals with low egg production rate, and then form a basic group of white geese with high egg production rate to start family selection and breeding as the first maternal line. S3. Use the first male parent and the first female parent to cross and select individuals with high egg production rate from the offspring; First selection: No selection is done at hatching; a small number of goslings that are too small or have poor physique are culled, and wing tags are attached according to family lineage. Second selection: At 9 weeks of age, the entire flock is weighed, and smaller individuals are selected for breeding according to a certain retention rate. Male geese are selected based on above-average weight, and female geese are selected based on moderate weight and health indicators. The retention rates for the first two generations are 20±3% and 40±5% respectively, and the retention rate for the third generation can reach over 60%. Third selection: At 19 weeks of age, geese are transferred to the laying house, and individual weights are measured. Individuals that are too heavy, do not meet the size requirements, or are too small are culled, along with male and female geese that do not meet the size and appearance requirements. Leg tags are attached. Fourth... Secondary selection: At 25 weeks of age, the egg production performance of each family line is analyzed, mainly including the average age at first egg production and the average number of eggs laid. Based on the family line performance, breeding is carried out, and the selection rate of female geese in the family line is maintained at 31-41%. When breeding, the ratio of male to female geese is about 1:(4-7). The next generation of families is formed according to the random method to avoid inbreeding of full siblings, half siblings, and 1 / 4 siblings for successive generations of breeding. Through four generations of continuous selection, the paternal line has a family size of over 40 in each generation, with male and female geese retained for breeding at 7-12% and 25-48%, respectively. In terms of reproductive performance, the age at first egg production in approximately 41% of female geese has significantly increased, from 190±5 days in generation 0 to 180±5 days in generation 4. The number of eggs laid by female geese upon entering the shed has also significantly increased, from 85±5 in generation 0 to 100±5 in generation 4. Through four generations of continuous selective breeding, the maternal line has more than forty families in each generation, with male and female geese having a breeding rate of 6%-7.5% and 31-41%, respectively. In terms of breeding performance, 39% of the female geese started laying eggs at a significantly earlier age, from 190±5 days in Generation 0 to 180±5 days in Generation 4, an increase of 10 days.

2. The breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese according to claim 1, characterized in that: The white goose mentioned is any one of the following: Anhui West White Goose, Zhejiang East White Goose, or Sichuan White Goose.

3. The breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese according to claim 1, characterized in that: The selection criteria for the first-generation white goose mother breed are: pure white composite feathers, low broodiness of the mother goose, excellent egg production performance, an average annual egg production of more than 90±5 eggs, good cooperation ability, sexual maturity at 200±10 days, and a high egg production rate of 250-300 days for 5% of the geese.

4. The breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese according to claim 1, characterized in that: The selection criteria for the first-generation white goose sires are: pure white composite feathers, excellent egg production performance, an average annual egg production of more than 85±5 eggs, and a sexual maturity period of 170-180 days.

5. The breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese according to claim 1, characterized in that: The final selected white geese had an age of 190±10 days at which they began laying eggs, and an annual egg production of 100±5 eggs.

6. The breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese according to claim 1, characterized in that: Egg production rate and egg production are determined by a combination of individual and family breeding, with family breeding being the primary method.

7. The breeding method for improving the egg production rate of white geese according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting management includes the following measures: (1) Light control: the daily light duration is ≤12 hours for 0-9 weeks of rearing period, and the daily light duration is gradually increased to 14-16 hours after 25 weeks of laying period, with a light intensity of 10-15 lux; (2) Nutrition regulation: the crude protein content of the feed during the laying period is ≥18%, the calcium-to-phosphorus ratio is 2:1, and 0.5% methionine and 0.2% compound vitamin premix are added; (3) Environmental management: the temperature of the laying goose house is controlled at 15-25℃, the relative humidity is 60-70%, and the stocking density is ≤3 birds per square meter; (4) Hatching optimization: the storage period of hatching eggs is ≤7 days, the storage temperature is 13-16℃, and formaldehyde fumigation is used for disinfection before incubation, with a fumigation concentration of 14g / m³ and a fumigation time of 20 minutes.

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