Space-time distribution low-frequency vibration field microstructure stamping and forging forming equipment and method

Abstract

The invention relates to time-space distribution low-frequency vibration field microstructure stamping and forging forming equipment and method, and the equipment comprises a stamping and forging forming device which comprises a first upper die and a first lower die; the low-frequency vibration generating device comprises a static pressure cylinder, a first controller, a first pressure sensor, a servo valve connected with the static pressure cylinder and a displacement sensor, the first controller is electrically connected with the servo valve, the first pressure sensor and the displacement sensor, and a piston of the static pressure cylinder is connected with the first lower die; the hydraulic loading device comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a second pressure sensor and a second controller electrically connected with the first controller, a piston of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the first upper die through the second pressure sensor, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the first upper die to move. The deformation resistance of the metal sheet is changed through the low-frequency vibration generation device, the fluidity of the metal sheet material in the mold cavity is improved, the problem that the metal sheet is prone to local thinning and even cracking is solved, and then the forming quality of the thin-wall microstructure is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of microstructure array manufacturing, in particular to a time-space distribution low-frequency vibration field microstructure punch forming equipment and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Small corner, large aspect ratio thin-walled microstructure has a wide application in the field of hydrogen fuel cell metal plate, and its structural characteristics determine that the component has many advantages such as light weight, small size, and large contact surface with adjacent structure. In the hydrogen fuel cell metal plate, the microstructure with large aspect ratio effectively promotes the transmission of hydrogen and oxygen reaction gas, significantly reduces the flow resistance and pressure drop; under the same output power condition, it has higher volume / weight power density, which is beneficial to the popularization and application of hydrogen fuel cell in low-altitude aircraft, passenger cars and other fields; in addition, the small corner microstructure metal plate can also increase the contact area with porous carbon paper / proton exchange membrane, significantly reduce the contact resistance, and since the pores of the porous structure are relatively large under a small pressure, the average pressure of the metal plate on the porous carbon paper is relatively small under the same assembly pressure, which is beneficial to the diffusion of reaction gas (hydrogen and oxygen) in the porous carbon paper, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0003] However, the small corner, large aspect ratio thin-walled microstructure is restricted by the plastic forming limit of the metal sheet, and its wall thickness uniformity, corner radius and other factors are difficult to meet the design requirements, and it is prone to local thinning and even cracking during the forming process, resulting in poor plastic forming quality of the thin-walled microstructure. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the poor plastic forming effect of the metal sheet in the prior art, which leads to the problem that the wall thickness uniformity and corner radius of the small corner, large aspect ratio thin-walled microstructure cannot meet the requirements, and further provides a time-space distribution low-frequency vibration field microstructure punch forming equipment and method. The low-frequency vibration generating device changes the deformation resistance and friction resistance of the metal sheet, improves the flowability of the metal sheet material in the mold cavity, improves the problem that the metal sheet is prone to local thinning and even cracking, and further improves the forming quality of the thin-walled microstructure.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a time-space distribution low-frequency vibration field microstructure punch forming equipment, comprising, The punch forming device comprises a first upper die and a first lower die arranged oppositely; The low-frequency vibration generating device comprises a static pressure cylinder, a first controller, a first pressure sensor, a servo valve connected to the static pressure cylinder, and a displacement sensor, the first controller is electrically connected to the servo valve, the first pressure sensor, and the displacement sensor, the displacement sensor and the first pressure sensor detect the displacement and pressure of the piston of the static pressure cylinder respectively, and the piston of the static pressure cylinder is connected to the first lower die. The hydraulic loading device comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a second pressure sensor, and a second controller, the piston of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first upper die through the second pressure sensor, the second controller is electrically connected to the first controller, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the first upper die to move close to or away from the first lower die.

[0006] In an embodiment of the present application, a guide column and a sliding block slidingly connected to the guide column are further included, the piston of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the sliding block through the second pressure sensor, the first upper die is connected to the sliding block, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the sliding block to move so that the first upper die moves close to or away from the first lower die.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present application, a grating ruler and a reading head are further included, the grating ruler is arranged on one side of the reading head, the reading head is connected to the sliding block, and the reading head is electrically connected to the second controller.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present application, an oil pump connected to the servo valve is further included, and the oil pump is electrically connected to the first controller.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present application, the punch forging forming device comprises a lower die seat, a lower die backing plate, an upper die backing plate, and an upper die seat, the upper die backing plate and the lower die backing plate are connected to the upper die seat and the lower die seat respectively, and the lower die seat and the upper die seat are connected to the piston of the static pressure cylinder and the sliding block respectively.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present application, the hydraulic loading device further comprises an oil storage tank, the oil storage tank is connected to the oil return port of the static pressure cylinder through a first hydraulic pipe, the oil pump is connected to the servo valve through a second hydraulic pipe, and the servo valve is connected to the oil inlet port of the static pressure cylinder through a third hydraulic pipe.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present application, an upper cross beam fixedly connected to the guide column is further included, and the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper cross beam.

[0012] A punch forging forming method is further provided, which applies any one of the space-time distribution low-frequency vibration field microstructure punch forging forming devices, and comprises the following steps. Step 1: configure the first upper die and the first lower die provided with a plurality of first protruding microstructures in a uniform array, and first round corners are arranged at the upper ends of the first protruding microstructures; Step 2: connect the first upper die and the first lower die in step 1 to the piston of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston of the static pressure cylinder respectively, and then place the metal sheet to be stamped on the first lower die; Step 3: drive the first lower die to vibrate by using the low-frequency vibration generating device, and then drive the first upper die to press the metal sheet on the first lower die by using the hydraulic loading device, stop the low-frequency vibration generating device from generating vibration after stamping is completed, and take out the metal sheet after first-time stamping; In an embodiment of the present application, the following steps are further included: Step 4: configure a second upper die and a second lower die provided with a plurality of second protruding microstructures in a uniform array, and second round corners and third round corners are arranged at the upper ends and lower ends of the second protruding microstructures respectively, and the depth of the first protruding microstructures is set to be greater than the depth of the second protruding microstructures; Step 5: replace the first upper die and the first lower die in step 2 with the second upper die and the second lower die, place the metal sheet obtained by stamping in step 3 on the second lower die, drive the second lower die to vibrate by using the low-frequency vibration generating device, and drive the second upper die to press the metal sheet on the second lower die by using the hydraulic loading device, stop the low-frequency vibration generating device from vibrating after stamping is completed, and take out the metal sheet after second-time stamping.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present application, step 2 further includes the following steps: place the metal sheet to be stamped on the first lower die, and position the metal sheet so that the center line thereof is aligned with the center line of the first lower die, and then stamping is performed; Step 5 further includes the following steps: place the metal sheet obtained by stamping in step 3 on the second lower die, and position the metal sheet so that the center line thereof is aligned with the center line of the second lower die, and then stamping is performed.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present application, in step 3: the low-frequency vibration generating device is turned on to make the first lower die vibrate while the first upper die contacts the metal sheet, and the vibration energy of the low-frequency vibration generating device is adjusted to gradually decrease.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present application, in step 5: the low-frequency vibration generating device is controlled to be turned on to make the second lower die vibrate while the second upper die contacts the metal sheet, and the vibration energy of the low-frequency vibration generating device controlled is adjusted to gradually increase.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present application, in steps 3 and 5, the first controller controls the servo valve according to the detection values of the first pressure sensor and the displacement sensor, and the second controller controls the output of the hydraulic cylinder piston according to the detection value of the second pressure sensor. In one embodiment of the present application, in steps 3 and 5, the first controller controls the servo valve, and the servo valve controls the vibration energy of the static cylinder piston.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present application, the profile length of the second upper die and the second lower die in step 4 is greater than the profile length of the metal sheet in step 3.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present application, the second controller controls the first controller according to the detection value of the second pressure sensor.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present application, in step 3, during the process from the first upper die contacting the metal sheet to completing the stamping, the initial value of the vibration frequency of the static cylinder piston is reduced from 300-1000 Hz to 10-50 Hz, and the initial value of the amplitude of the static cylinder piston is reduced from 0.1 mm-0.05 mm to 0.005-0.01 mm.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present application, in step 5, during the process from the second upper die contacting the preform to completing the stamping, the initial value of the vibration frequency of the static cylinder piston is increased from 10-50 Hz to 300-1000 Hz, and the initial value of the amplitude of the static cylinder piston is reduced from 0.1 mm-0.05 mm to 0.005-0.01 mm.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present application, in steps 3 and 5, the moving speed of the slider is 0.001 mm / min-0.1 mm / min.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present application, in steps 1 and 4, the radius of the first round corner is set to be equal to half of the width of the first convex microstructure, and the radius of the second round corner and the third round corner is set to be equal to half of the width of the second convex microstructure.

[0023] The above technical solution of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The space-time distribution low-frequency vibration field microstructure punch forging forming equipment disclosed by the application, in the punch forging forming process, low-frequency vibration is applied on the metal sheet by the low-frequency vibration generating device, the deformation resistance in the structure material and the friction resistance received by the metal sheet are reduced, the flowability of the material in the die cavity is improved, especially when filling the die sharp corner, narrow gap and other areas, the material flow is more uniform and smooth, finally the plastic forming performance of the metal sheet is improved, and the process problem that the metal sheet is easily locally thinned or even broken is improved; the energy field time and space of the low-frequency vibration generating device are regulated and controlled by the first controller, the first pressure sensor and the displacement sensor, the low-frequency vibration energy field is maximally used, and the metal sheet forming quality is improved; the displacement and load of the first upper die are used as the regulation and control basis, the dynamic closed-loop control system of energy distribution on demand is established, the parameters (frequency, amplitude) of the low-frequency vibration generating device are dynamically optimized, and the promotion effect of the vibration energy field on the material plastic forming is maximized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to make the content of the application more easily understood, the application will be further described in detail below according to specific embodiments of the application and in combination with the drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the space-time distribution low-frequency vibration field microstructure punch forging forming equipment disclosed by the application; Figure 2 For Figure 1 The enlarged view of A; Figure 3 The schematic view of the first lower die, the first upper die and the metal sheet in the first initial position; Figure 4 The schematic view of the first lower die, the first upper die and the metal sheet in the first final position; Figure 5 The schematic view of the second lower die, the second upper die and the metal sheet in the second initial position; Figure 6 The schematic view of the second lower die, the second upper die and the metal sheet in the second final position; Figure 7 The flow chart of the punch forging forming method disclosed by the application; The description of the drawings is as follows: 1, punch forming device; 11, first lower die; 111, first convex microstructure; 1111, first fillet; 12, first upper die; 121, first convex microstructure; 1211, first fillet; 13, upper die backing plate; 14, upper die seat; 15, lower die backing plate; 16, second upper die; 161, second convex microstructure; 1611, second fillet; 1612, third fillet; 17, second lower die; 171, second convex microstructure; 1711, second fillet; 1712, third fillet; 18, lower die seat; 2, static pressure cylinder; 21, static pressure cylinder piston; 22, first controller; 23, servo valve; 24, oil pump; 25, first pressure sensor; 26, displacement sensor; 27, oil storage tank; 3, hydraulic cylinder; 31, hydraulic cylinder piston; 32, second controller; 35, second pressure sensor; 4, guide column; 41, sliding block; 42, upper cross beam; 5, reading head; 51, grating ruler; 6, metal sheet; 7, base; 8, first hydraulic pipe; 81, second hydraulic pipe; 82, third hydraulic pipe; 83, fourth hydraulic pipe; 84, fifth hydraulic pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific examples, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present application and implement it, but the examples are not limiting to the present application. EMBODIMENT

[0027] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a space-time distribution low-frequency vibration field microstructure punch forming equipment of the present application comprises, The punch forming device 1 comprises a first upper die 12 and a first lower die 11 arranged oppositely; The low-frequency vibration generating device comprises a static pressure cylinder 2, a first controller 22, a first pressure sensor 25, a servo valve 23 connected to the static pressure cylinder 2, and a displacement sensor 26, the first controller 22 is electrically connected to the servo valve 23, the first pressure sensor 25, and the displacement sensor 26, the displacement sensor 26 and the first pressure sensor 25 respectively detect the displacement and pressure of the piston 21 of the static pressure cylinder 2, and the piston 21 of the static pressure cylinder 2 is connected to the first lower die 11; The hydraulic loading device comprises a hydraulic cylinder 3, a second pressure sensor 35, and a second controller 32, the piston 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is connected to the first upper die 12 through the second pressure sensor 35, the second controller 32 is electrically connected to the first controller 22, and the hydraulic cylinder 3 drives the first upper die 12 to approach or move away from the first lower die 11.

[0028] The space-time distribution low-frequency vibration field microstructure punch forming equipment described in the embodiment, in the punch forming process, low-frequency vibration is applied to the metal sheet 6 by using a low-frequency vibration generating device, the deformation resistance in the internal structure of the metal sheet 6 and the frictional resistance suffered by the metal sheet 6 are reduced, the flowability of the material in the die cavity is improved, especially when filling the die sharp corners, narrow gaps and other areas, the material flow is more uniform and smooth, and finally the plastic forming performance of the metal sheet 6 is improved, and the process problem that the metal sheet 6 is easily locally thinned or even broken is improved; the energy field time and space of the low-frequency vibration generating device are regulated and controlled by using the first controller 22, the first pressure sensor 25 and the displacement sensor 26, the low-frequency vibration energy field is maximally utilized, and the forming quality of the metal sheet 6 is improved; the dynamic closed-loop control system of energy distribution on demand is established by using the displacement and load of the first upper die 12 as the control basis, and the parameters (frequency, amplitude) of the low-frequency vibration generating device are dynamically optimized, so that the promotion effect of the vibration energy field on the plastic forming of the material is maximized.

[0029] Specifically, the second pressure sensor 35 is used for detecting the load of the piston 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 3 and feeding back a signal to the second controller 32, so as to realize the movement control of the piston 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 3; the first controller 22 controls the amplitude and frequency of the piston 21 of the static pressure cylinder 2 by controlling the current of the servo valve 23, and then controls the vibration energy of the low-frequency vibration generating device; the first controller 22 is controlled by the second controller 32, so that the low-frequency vibration generating device controls the vibration energy of the hydraulic cylinder 3 according to the load of the piston 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 3, and the second controller 32 transmits the displacement and load information of the first upper die 12 to the first controller 22, so as to meet the low-frequency vibration field energy on-demand regulation requirement in the punch forming process of the metal sheet 6.

[0030] Referring to Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present application, the first upper die 12 is arranged directly above the first lower die 11, and the hydraulic cylinder 3 drives the first upper die 12 to move up and down.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present application, the first controller 22 is arranged as a PID controller.

[0032] Referring to Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present application, the guide column 4 and the sliding block 41 slidingly connected with the guide column 4 are further included, the guide column 4 is used for guiding the up-and-down movement of the sliding block 41, the piston 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is connected with the sliding block 41 through the second pressure sensor 35, therefore, the first pressure sensor 25 further detects the load of the sliding block 41, the first upper die 12 is connected with the sliding block 41, and the hydraulic cylinder 3 drives the sliding block 41 to move up and down, so that the first upper die 12 is close to or away from the first lower die 11.

[0033] Referring toFigure 1 As shown, the second controller 32 connects the hydraulic cylinder 3 through the fourth hydraulic pipe 83 and the fifth hydraulic pipe 84.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present application, a grating ruler 51 is arranged on one side of the reading head 5, the reading head 5 is connected to the slider 41, the reading head 5 is electrically connected to the second controller 32, the displacement of the slider 41 is detected by the reading head 5, so that the second controller 32 controls the movement of the slider 41.

[0035] Referring to Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of the present application, the low-frequency vibration generating device further comprises an oil pump 24 connected to the servo valve 23, the oil pump 24 is electrically connected to the first controller 22, so that the first controller 22 controls the output of the oil pump 24, thereby controlling the displacement and pressure of the piston of the static pressure cylinder 2.

[0036] Referring to Figure 2 As shown, in an embodiment of the present application, the punch forming device 1 comprises a lower die seat 18, a lower die pad 15, an upper die pad 13, and an upper die seat 14, the upper die pad 13 and the lower die pad 15 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper die seat 14 and the lower die seat 18, and the lower die seat 18 and the upper die seat 14 are respectively fixedly connected to the piston 21 of the static pressure cylinder 2 and the slider 41.

[0037] Referring to Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of the present application, the hydraulic loading device further comprises an oil storage tank 27 for storing hydraulic oil, the oil storage tank 27 is connected to the oil return port of the static pressure cylinder 2 through the first hydraulic pipe 8 to realize the hydraulic oil return of the static pressure cylinder 2; the oil pump 24 delivers hydraulic oil to the servo valve 23 through the second hydraulic pipe 81, and the servo valve 23 delivers hydraulic oil to the oil inlet of the static pressure cylinder 2 through the third hydraulic pipe 82.

[0038] Referring to Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of the present application, an upper cross beam 42 and a base 7 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper end and the lower end of the guide column 4, the hydraulic cylinder 3 is fixedly connected to the upper cross beam 42, and the static pressure cylinder 2 is arranged on the base 7.

[0039] The working principle of the space-time distribution low-frequency vibration field microstructure punch forming equipment is as follows: The metal sheet 6 to be punched is placed on the first lower die 11, the second controller 32 controls the slider 41 to descend, when the first upper die 12 descends to contact the metal sheet 6, the first controller 22 controls the low-frequency vibration generating device to start generating low-frequency vibration, as the first upper die 12 continuously moves downward, the metal sheet 6 is extruded and plastically deformed by the first upper die 12 and the first lower die 11, and a preformed wave-shaped preform is preformed, then the second controller 32 controls the slider 41 to return, the first controller 22 controls the low-frequency vibration generating device to stop generating vibration, the preform is taken out, then the second upper die 16 and the second lower die 17 described in Example 2 are used to replace the first upper die 12 and the first lower die 11, and the preform is placed on the second lower die 17, the second controller 32 controls the slider 41 to descend, when the second upper die 16 descends to contact the preform, the first controller 22 controls the low-frequency vibration generating device to start generating low-frequency vibration, as the second upper die 16 continuously moves downward, the preform is extruded and plastically deformed by the second upper die 16 and the second lower die 17, and the preform is forged into a preform, then the second controller 32 controls the slider 41 to return, the first controller 22 controls the low-frequency vibration generating device to stop generating vibration, and the preform is taken out, completing the punch forging. Embodiment

[0040] Referring to Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , a punch forging forming method is also provided, which applies any one of the space-time distribution low-frequency vibration field microstructure punch forging forming devices to punch forge a metal sheet 6 into a microstructure array, the method comprising the following steps: S1: configuring the first upper die 12 and the first lower die 11 provided with a uniform array of a plurality of first protruding microstructures, configuring the second upper die 16 and the second lower die 17 provided with a uniform array of a plurality of second protruding microstructures, providing a first round corner at the upper end of the first protruding microstructure, providing a second round corner and a third round corner at the upper end and the lower end of the second protruding microstructure respectively, and setting the depth of the first protruding microstructure to be greater than the depth of the second protruding microstructure; Specifically, the first upper die 12 can be understood as being formed by a plurality of first protruding microstructure 121 arrays, the first lower die can be understood as being formed by a plurality of first protruding microstructure 111 arrays, the upper end of the first protruding microstructure 121 is provided with a first round corner 1211, the upper end of the first protruding microstructure 111 is provided with a first round corner 111, during stamping, the first protruding microstructure 121 of the first upper die 12 is inserted between the two first protruding microstructures 111 of the first lower die 11, so that the first upper die 12 and the first lower die 11 can be embedded and abutted, the second upper die 16 and the second lower die 17 are the same, the difference is that the depth of the first protruding microstructure 111 / 121 of the first upper die 12 and the first lower die 11 in the vertical direction is greater than the depth of the second protruding microstructure 161 / 171 of the second upper die 16 and the second lower die 17 in the vertical direction, the first upper die 12 and the first lower die 11 are used for stamping steps, and the second upper die 16 and the second lower die 17 are used for forging steps, further, the position of the first upper die 12 when the first upper die 12 starts to contact the metal sheet 6 is a first initial position, and the position of the first upper die 12 when the metal sheet 6 completes the first stamping is a first final position; the position of the second upper die 16 when the second upper die 16 starts to contact the metal sheet 6 is a second initial position, and the position of the first upper die 12 when the metal sheet 6 completes the second stamping is a second final position.

[0041] S2: After the first upper die 12 and the first lower die 11 in S1 are respectively fixedly connected to the piston 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 3 and the piston 21 of the static pressure cylinder 2, the metal sheet 6 to be stamped is placed on the first lower die 11; S3: The low-frequency vibration generating device is turned on, the first upper die 12 is driven by the hydraulic loading device to press the metal sheet 6 on the first lower die 11, after the metal sheet 6 is pre-formed, the low-frequency vibration generating device is turned off, and the metal sheet 6 after the first stamping is taken out; S4: The second upper die 16 and the second lower die 17 replace the first upper die 12 and the first lower die 11 in S2, and the metal sheet 6 obtained in S3 is placed on the second lower die 17, the low-frequency vibration generating device is turned on, the second upper die 16 is driven by the hydraulic loading device to press the metal sheet 6 on the second lower die 17, after the metal sheet 6 is formed, the low-frequency vibration generating device is turned off, and the metal sheet 6 after the second stamping is taken out, and the metal sheet 6 is stamped and forged into a microstructure array, Specifically, under the joint action of the second upper die 16 and the second lower die 17, the metal sheet 6 is partially extruded by the second upper die 16 and the second lower die 17, so as to form a small-radius round corner, and the thickness of the metal sheet 6 in the round corner area is increased, thereby avoiding the problem of round corner thinning caused by pure stamping forming.

[0042] Further, S2 further comprises the following steps: after placing the metal sheet 6 to be stamped on the first lower die 11, positioning the metal sheet 6 so that its center line is aligned with the center line of the first lower die 11, and then stamping; S4 further comprises the following steps: after placing the metal sheet 6 obtained in S3 on the second lower die 17, positioning the metal sheet 6 so that its center line is aligned with the center line of the second lower die 17, and then stamping.

[0043] In an embodiment of the present application, S3 further comprises the following steps: while the first upper die 12 is in contact with the metal sheet 6, the low-frequency vibration generating device is turned on, and the vibration energy of the low-frequency vibration generating device is adjusted to gradually decrease, so that the thickness of the metal sheet 6 gradually decreases from the first initial position to the first final position, and thus the low-frequency vibration energy is controlled to gradually decrease over time.

[0044] In an embodiment of the present application, S4 further comprises the following steps: while the second upper die 16 is in contact with the metal sheet 6, the low-frequency vibration generating device is controlled to turn on, and the vibration energy of the low-frequency vibration generating device is adjusted to gradually increase, so that the contact area between the second upper die 16 and the second lower die 17 and the metal sheet 6 gradually increases from the second initial position to the second final position, and the forming load increases, and thus the low-frequency vibration energy is controlled to gradually increase over time, and the first controller 22 can control the low-frequency vibration energy to increase linearly or in a parabolic form.

[0045] In an embodiment of the present application, in S3 and S4, the current of the servo valve 23 is controlled by the first controller 22, and the amplitude and frequency of the piston 21 of the static pressure cylinder 2 are controlled by the servo valve 23, so as to control the vibration energy.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present application, in S3 and S4, the servo valve 23 is controlled by the first controller 22 according to the detection values of the first pressure sensor 25 and the displacement sensor 26, the output of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is controlled by the second controller 32 according to the detection values of the third pressure sensor 35, and further, the output of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is controlled by the second controller 32 according to the detection values of the reading head 5.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present application, the profile length of the second upper die 16 and the second lower die 17 in S1 is configured to be greater than the profile length of the metal sheet 6 obtained by stamping for the first time in S1, and the purpose is to serve as a control variable for controlling the plastic deformation of the round corner area of the forging step.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present application, the second controller 32 controls the first controller 22 according to the detection value of the second pressure sensor 35 and the reading head 5, and in turn controls the vibration energy of the low-frequency vibration generating device.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present application, in S3, during the process that the first upper die 12 is lowered from the first initial position to the first final position, the initial value of the vibration frequency of the piston 21 of the static pressure cylinder 2 is reduced from 300-1000 Hz to 10-50 Hz, and the initial value of the amplitude of the piston 21 of the static pressure cylinder 2 is reduced from 0.1 mm-0.05 mm to 0.005-0.01 mm.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present application, in S4, during the process that the second upper die 16 is lowered from the second initial position to the second final position, the initial value of the vibration frequency of the piston 21 of the static pressure cylinder 2 is increased from 10-50 Hz to 300-1000 Hz, and the initial value of the amplitude of the piston 21 of the static pressure cylinder 2 is reduced from 0.1 mm-0.05 mm to 0.005-0.01 mm.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present application, in S3 and S4, the second controller 32 controls the moving speed of the slider 41 to be 0.001 mm / min-0.1 mm / min.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present application, in S1, the radius of the first round corner 1111 / 1211 is set to be equal to half of the width of the first convex microstructure, and the radius of the second round corner and the third round corner is set to be equal to half of the width of the second convex microstructure.

[0053] Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating, and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Based on the above description, other different forms of changes or variations can be made by those skilled in the art. Here, it is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the embodiments. The obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A forging and forming equipment for a spatiotemporally distributed low-frequency vibration field microstructure, characterized in that, include, A forging apparatus, comprising a first upper die and a first lower die disposed opposite to each other; A low-frequency vibration generator includes a static pressure cylinder, a first controller, a first pressure sensor, a servo valve connected to the static pressure cylinder, and a displacement sensor. The first controller is electrically connected to the servo valve, the first pressure sensor, and the displacement sensor. The displacement sensor and the first pressure sensor respectively detect the displacement and pressure of the piston of the static pressure cylinder. The piston of the static pressure cylinder is connected to the first lower mold. A hydraulic loading device includes a hydraulic cylinder, a second pressure sensor, and a second controller. The piston of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first upper mold through the second pressure sensor. The second controller is electrically connected to the first controller. The hydraulic cylinder drives the first upper mold to move closer to or further away from the first lower mold.

2. The forging and forming equipment for a spatiotemporally distributed low-frequency vibration field microstructure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a guide post and a slider that is slidably connected to the guide post. The piston of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the slider through the second pressure sensor. The first upper mold is connected to the slider. The hydraulic cylinder drives the slider to move so that the first upper mold moves closer to or away from the first lower mold.

3. The forging and forming equipment for a spatiotemporally distributed low-frequency vibration field microstructure according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a grating ruler and a reading head, the grating ruler being disposed on one side of the reading head, the reading head being connected to the slider, and the reading head being electrically connected to the second controller.

4. A stamping and forging method, which utilizes the forging and forging equipment for low-frequency vibration field microstructures with spatiotemporal distribution as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Configure the first upper mold and the first lower mold, which are provided with multiple first protruding microstructures in a uniform array, and provide a first rounded corner at the upper end of the first protruding microstructure; Step 2: Connect the first upper die and the first lower die from Step 1 to the piston of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston of the hydrostatic cylinder, respectively, and then place the metal sheet to be stamped on the first lower die; Step 3: Use the low-frequency vibration generator to drive the first lower die to vibrate, and then use the hydraulic loading device to drive the first upper die to press the metal sheet onto the first lower die. After the stamping is completed, the low-frequency vibration generator stops generating vibration, and the metal sheet that has completed the first stamping is taken out.

5. The forging method according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: Step 4: Configure a second upper mold and a second lower mold with multiple second protruding microstructures in an array. A second rounded corner and a third rounded corner are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the second protruding microstructures. The depth of the first protruding microstructure is set to be greater than the depth of the second protruding microstructure. Step 5: Replace the first upper die and the first lower die in Step 2 with the second upper die and the second lower die, and then place the metal sheet obtained by stamping in Step 3 on the second lower die. Use the low-frequency vibration generator to drive the second lower die to vibrate, and use the hydraulic loading device to drive the second upper die to press the metal sheet on the second lower die. After the stamping is completed, the low-frequency vibration generator stops vibrating, and the metal sheet that has completed the second stamping is taken out.

6. The forging method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step 2 also includes the following steps: placing the metal sheet to be stamped on the first lower die, positioning the metal sheet so that its center line is aligned with the center line of the first lower die, and then stamping it; Step 5 also includes the following steps: placing the metal sheet obtained by stamping in step 3 on the second lower die, positioning the metal sheet so that its center line is aligned with the center line of the second lower die, and then stamping it.

7. The forging method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 3: while the first upper mold is in contact with the metal sheet, the low-frequency vibration generator is turned on to make the first lower mold vibrate, and the vibration energy of the low-frequency vibration generator is adjusted to gradually decrease.

8. A forging forming method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step 5: while the second upper mold is in contact with the metal sheet, the low-frequency vibration generator is turned on to make the second lower mold vibrate, and the vibration energy controlled by the low-frequency vibration generator is adjusted to gradually increase.

9. A forging forming method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In steps 3 and 5, the first controller controls the servo valve based on the detection values ​​of the first pressure sensor and the displacement sensor, and the second controller controls the output of the hydraulic cylinder piston based on the detection value of the second pressure sensor; the first controller controls the servo valve, and the servo valve controls the vibration energy of the piston of the hydrostatic cylinder.

10. A forging method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outline lengths of the second upper die and the second lower die in step 4 are configured to be greater than the outline length of the metal sheet obtained by the first stamping in step 3.

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