Multi-stage gas atomization method and device for producing high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and discloses a multistage gas atomization preparation method and device for high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing. In the method, a main atomization gas nozzle and an auxiliary atomization gas nozzle are cooperatively controlled in three stages. In the three stages, the argon pressure supplied to the main atomization gas nozzle is gradually reduced, and the argon pressure supplied to the auxiliary atomization gas nozzle is gradually increased. In this way, the alloy melt breaking efficiency can be improved, the collision probability of small droplets and high-temperature alloy powder can be reduced, and satellite powder formation can be reduced, so that the particle size and the surface quality of the high-temperature alloy powder can be cooperatively controlled in the high-temperature alloy powder gas atomization preparation process, the yield of the high-temperature alloy powder is finally improved, the high-temperature alloy powder has higher sphericity, and the quality of the high-temperature alloy powder is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular to a multi-stage gas atomization preparation method and apparatus for high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] High-temperature alloys are widely used in aerospace, energy and power fields due to their excellent high-temperature resistance, creep resistance and fatigue life.

[0003] The quality of high-temperature alloy powder is a crucial factor affecting the quality of additively manufactured parts. Current methods for preparing high-temperature alloy powder often result in low powder yields and powder non-compliance issues.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve powder yield and powder quality has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this application provides a multi-stage gas atomization preparation method and apparatus for high-temperature alloy powder in additive manufacturing. The method involves the coordinated control of a main atomizing gas nozzle and an auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle in three stages. In these three stages, the argon gas pressure supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle gradually decreases, while the argon gas pressure supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle gradually increases. This improves the efficiency of alloy melt fragmentation while reducing the probability of collisions between small droplets and high-temperature alloy powder, thus reducing the formation of satellite powder. This achieves coordinated control of particle size and surface quality of the high-temperature alloy powder during gas atomization preparation, ultimately increasing the yield of the high-temperature alloy powder and improving its sphericity, thereby enhancing the overall quality of the high-temperature alloy powder.

[0006] According to one aspect of this application, a multi-stage gas atomization preparation method for high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing is provided, applied to a multi-stage gas atomization preparation apparatus for high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing. The apparatus includes a guide tube and an atomizer; alloy melt flows out from the guide tube; the atomizer includes a main atomizing gas nozzle and an auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle; a first gas outlet of the main atomizing gas nozzle and a second gas outlet of the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle are both arranged around the guide tube as a center outside the guide tube, and the gases ejected from the first gas outlet and the second gas outlet cooperate to break up the alloy melt; the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle is arranged on the side of the main atomizing gas nozzle away from the guide tube;

[0007] The method includes: S100, when the alloy melt flows out from the guide tube, supplying argon gas at a first preset main atomizing gas pressure to the main atomizing gas nozzle, and supplying argon gas at a first preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle until a first preset time is reached;

[0008] S200. After the first preset time is reached, argon gas at a second preset main atomizing gas pressure is supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle, and argon gas at a second preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure is supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle until the second preset time is reached.

[0009] S300: After reaching the second preset time, argon gas at a third preset main atomizing gas pressure is supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle, and argon gas at a third preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure is supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle until the third preset time is reached; wherein the first preset main atomizing gas pressure, the second preset main atomizing gas pressure, and the third preset main atomizing gas pressure decrease sequentially, and are all within 4MPa~5MPa; the first preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure, the second preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure, and the third preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure increase sequentially, and are all within 0.5MPa~1.5MPa;

[0010] S400: After the third preset time is reached, repeat S100~S300 to obtain high-temperature alloy powder.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first preset main atomizing gas pressure is 5 MPa, and the first preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure is 0.5 MPa;

[0012] The second preset main atomizing gas pressure is 4.5 MPa, and the second preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure is 1 MPa;

[0013] The third preset main atomizing gas pressure is 4 MPa, and the third preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure is 1.5 MPa.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first preset duration, the second preset duration, and the third preset duration are all in the range of 10s to 15s.

[0015] According to another aspect of this application, a multi-stage gas atomization preparation apparatus for high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing is provided. The multi-stage gas atomization preparation apparatus for high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing, which applies the aforementioned method, includes: a guide tube and an atomizer.

[0016] The alloy melt flows out from the guide tube; the atomizer includes a main atomizing gas nozzle and an auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle; the first gas outlet of the main atomizing gas nozzle and the second gas outlet of the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle are both arranged around the outside of the guide tube with the guide tube as the center, and the gases ejected from the first gas outlet and the second gas outlet work together to break the alloy melt; the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle is located on the side of the main atomizing gas nozzle away from the guide tube.

[0017] In some embodiments, the apparatus includes a vacuum induction melting furnace and an atomizing chamber; the vacuum induction melting furnace is located above the atomizing chamber, and the vacuum induction melting furnace and the atomizing chamber are connected through the guide pipe; the vacuum induction melting furnace is used to prepare alloy melt; the atomizer is located inside the atomizing chamber.

[0018] In some embodiments, the device further includes: a first atomizing bottle and a second atomizing bottle; the first atomizing bottle is connected to the main atomizing gas nozzle via a first valve; and the second atomizing bottle is connected to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle via a second valve.

[0019] In some embodiments, the positions of the main atomizing gas nozzle and the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle satisfy the following relationship:

[0020] A < B < A + 10 mm;

[0021] Where A is the radius difference between the first gas outlet of the main atomizing gas nozzle and the guide tube; B is the radius difference between the second gas outlet of the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle and the guide tube.

[0022] In some embodiments, the main atomizing gas nozzle includes a constriction section, a throat, and an expansion section connected in sequence; the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle has the same width from beginning to end.

[0023] In some embodiments, the first angle formed between the side of the expansion section near the guide tube and the guide tube ranges from 12.5° to 17.5°, and the second angle formed between the airflow channel of the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle and the guide tube ranges from 25° to 35°.

[0024] In some embodiments, the atomizing chamber is provided with an intermediate ladle and a smelting crucible; the intermediate ladle is connected to the upper end of the guide pipe; the smelting crucible is located directly above the intermediate ladle;

[0025] The apparatus further includes a tilting and pouring mechanism connected to the smelting crucible for tilting the smelting crucible so that the alloy melt in the smelting crucible is poured into the tundish.

[0026] By utilizing the above technical solution, this application provides a multi-stage gas atomization preparation method and apparatus for high-temperature alloy powder in additive manufacturing. The method involves the coordinated control of a main atomizing gas nozzle and an auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle in three stages. In these three stages, the argon gas pressure supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle gradually decreases, while the argon gas pressure supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle gradually increases. This improves the efficiency of alloy melt fragmentation while reducing the probability of collisions between small droplets and high-temperature alloy powder, thus reducing the formation of satellite powder. This achieves coordinated control of particle size and surface quality of the high-temperature alloy powder during gas atomization preparation, ultimately increasing the yield of the high-temperature alloy powder and improving its sphericity, thereby enhancing the overall quality of the high-temperature alloy powder.

[0027] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 An exemplary schematic diagram illustrates the structure of a multi-stage gas atomization preparation apparatus for high-temperature alloy powder in additive manufacturing, according to some embodiments.

[0030] Figure 2 An exemplary perspective view of a flow guide tube and atomizer provided according to some embodiments is shown;

[0031] Figure 3 An exemplary schematic diagram of the flow guide tube and the second connecting port is shown;

[0032] Figure 4 An exemplary schematic diagram of the flow guide tube and the first connecting port is shown;

[0033] Figure 5 An example is shown Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of AA;

[0034] Figure 6 An example is shown Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of BB;

[0035] Figure 7 An exemplary flowchart illustrates a multi-stage gas atomization preparation method for high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing, according to some embodiments;

[0036] Figure 8 The morphology of the GH3536 high-temperature alloy powder prepared in Example 1 is shown below.

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the numerical simulation results of the airflow field in the atomization chamber of Example 1;

[0038] Figure 10 The morphology of the GH4169 high-temperature alloy powder prepared in Example 2 is shown below.

[0039] Figure 11 The morphology of the GH3536 high-temperature alloy powder prepared in Comparative Example 1 is shown.

[0040] Figure 12 The morphology of the GH4169 high-temperature alloy powder prepared in Comparative Example 2 is shown.

[0041] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the numerical simulation results of the airflow field in the atomized chamber in Comparative Example 2.

[0042] Figure 14 The morphology of the GH3536 high-temperature alloy powder prepared in Comparative Example 3 is shown.

[0043] Figure 15 The morphology of the GH4169 high-temperature alloy powder prepared in Comparative Example 4 is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other.

[0045] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a multi-stage gas atomization preparation method and apparatus for high-temperature alloy powder used in additive manufacturing. The method involves the coordinated control of a main atomizing gas nozzle and an auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle in three stages. In these three stages, the argon gas pressure supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle gradually decreases, while the argon gas pressure supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle gradually increases. This improves the efficiency of alloy melt fragmentation while reducing the probability of collisions between small droplets and high-temperature alloy powder, thus reducing the formation of satellite powder. This achieves coordinated control of particle size and surface quality of the high-temperature alloy powder during gas atomization preparation, ultimately increasing the yield of the high-temperature alloy powder and improving its sphericity, thereby enhancing the overall quality of the high-temperature alloy powder.

[0046] To better understand the multi-stage gas atomization preparation method of high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing provided in the embodiments of this application, the multi-stage gas atomization preparation device for high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing is first introduced.

[0047] Figure 1 An exemplary schematic diagram of a multi-stage gas atomization preparation apparatus for high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing, provided according to some embodiments, is shown. Figure 2 An exemplary perspective view of a flow tube and atomizer provided according to some embodiments is shown. Figure 3 An exemplary schematic diagram of the flow guide tube and the second connection port is shown. Figure 4 An exemplary schematic diagram of the flow guide tube and the first connecting port is shown. Figure 5 An example is shown Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of AA. Figure 6 An example is shown Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of BB.

[0048] See Figures 1-6 The device includes a guide tube 1 and an atomizer 2; alloy melt flows out from the guide tube 1. In this embodiment, the alloy melt is prepared and processed from alloy raw materials or alloy rods.

[0049] In some embodiments, the alloy raw materials, by mass percentage, include C: 0.05%~0.15%, Cr: 20.5%~23.0%, Co: 0.5%~2.5%, Mn: 0~1.0%, B: 0~0.01%, A: 10%~0.5%, Ti: 0~1.5%, Fe: 17.0%~20.0%, Mo: 8.0%~10.0%, W: 0.2%~1.0%, Si: 0~1.00%, P: 0~0.025%, S: 0.015%, Cu: 0~0.50%, with the balance being Ni.

[0050] In some embodiments, the material of the guide tube is boron nitride or zirconium oxide ceramic.

[0051] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the guide tube is 4mm. This small-sized guide tube, combined with positive pressure flow technology, can improve the gas atomization effect and enable the alloy melt flow rate to be adjusted within a wide range of 4.5Kg / min to 5.5Kg / min.

[0052] See again Figure 5 and Figure 6 The atomizer 2 includes a main atomizing gas nozzle 21 and an auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle 22. The first gas outlet 211 of the main atomizing gas nozzle 21 and the second gas outlet 221 of the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle 22 are both arranged around the outside of the guide tube, with the guide tube as the center. The gases ejected from the first gas outlet 211 and the second gas outlet 221 work together to break up the alloy melt. The auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle is located on the side of the main atomizing gas nozzle away from the guide tube.

[0053] In this embodiment, both the main atomizing gas nozzle and the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle are circumferentially surrounding the outside of the guide tube, and consequently, the first gas outlet of the main atomizing gas nozzle and the second gas outlet of the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle are also circumferentially surrounding the outside of the guide tube.

[0054] In this embodiment, the alloy melt is broken into small droplets by the combined action of the main atomizing gas nozzle and the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle. These droplets solidify during flight to form high-temperature alloy powder (this process is the gas atomization process). The high-temperature alloy powder formed by the combined action of the main atomizing gas nozzle and the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle in this embodiment exhibits good sphericity and high yield.

[0055] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The device includes a vacuum induction melting furnace 3 and an atomizing chamber 4; the vacuum induction melting furnace 3 is located above the atomizing chamber 4, and the vacuum induction melting furnace 3 and the atomizing chamber 4 are connected through the guide pipe 1; the vacuum induction melting furnace 3 is used to prepare alloy melt; the atomizer 2 is located inside the atomizing chamber 4.

[0056] In this embodiment, a vacuum induction melting furnace is used to prepare metal raw materials or metal rods into alloy melts.

[0057] In some embodiments, the device further includes a water cooling system 5, the side walls of the vacuum induction furnace and the atomizing chamber are both double-walled structures, and the side walls of the vacuum induction furnace and the atomizing chamber are connected to the water cooling system to regulate the temperature inside the vacuum induction furnace and the atomizing chamber using the water cooling system.

[0058] certainly, Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the device only shows the water cooling system in a simplified way. It can be understood that the vacuum induction furnace and the atomization chamber can be connected to different water cooling systems respectively. The temperatures in the vacuum induction furnace and the atomization chamber controlled by the water cooling system can be the same or different.

[0059] In some embodiments, the atomizing chamber is provided with an intermediate ladle 6 and a melting crucible 7; the intermediate ladle 6 is connected to the upper end of the guide pipe 1; the melting crucible 7 is located directly above the intermediate ladle 6. In this embodiment, alloy raw materials or alloy bars are placed in the melting crucible and melted into an alloy melt.

[0060] In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes a vacuum pump 8, which is connected to the vacuum induction melting furnace 3. In this embodiment, the vacuum pump can be used to extract gas from the vacuum induction furnace to control the vacuum level within the furnace.

[0061] In some embodiments, after placing the alloy raw material or alloy bar into the melting crucible, the lid of the vacuum induction melting furnace is closed, and a vacuum pump is used to extract the gas inside the vacuum induction melting furnace, so that the vacuum degree inside the vacuum induction melting furnace is less than 10. -1 Then, turn on the power to the vacuum induction melting furnace. After the alloy raw material or alloy bar is completely melted, raise the temperature to above the alloy melting point (150℃~300℃). Finally, argon gas is introduced into the vacuum induction melting furnace through the third atomizing bottle 9, so that the vacuum induction melting furnace and the atomizing chamber are filled with argon gas, and the entire device is in a stable pressure state. Then, continue to control the third atomizing bottle to introduce argon gas into the vacuum induction melting furnace, so that the vacuum induction melting furnace forms a stable positive pressure relative to the atomizing chamber.

[0062] The device also includes a tilting and pouring mechanism 10, which is connected to the smelting crucible and is used to tilt the smelting crucible so that the alloy melt in the smelting crucible is poured into the tundish. Under the action of positive pressure and gravity, the alloy melt in the tundish 6 flows into the atomizing chamber 4 through the guide pipe 1. Under the synergistic action of the main atomizing gas nozzle and the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle, the alloy melt is broken into small droplets in the atomizing chamber, and the small droplets form high-temperature alloy powder during flight.

[0063] In some embodiments, the device further includes: a first atomizing bottle 11 and a second atomizing bottle 12; the first atomizing bottle 11 is connected to the main atomizing gas nozzle 21 via a first valve 111; and the second atomizing bottle 12 is connected to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle 22 via a second valve 121.

[0064] Figure 1 The structural diagram in the image only shows the first atomizing bottle and the second atomizing bottle. The first atomizing bottle is actually... Figure 4 The first connecting port 23 is connected, and the other... Figure 4 The first connecting port is part of the atomizer and is connected to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle; the second atomizing bottle is actually connected to... Figure 3 The second connecting port 24 is connected, and in addition... Figure 3 The second connecting port is part of the atomizer and is connected to the main atomizing gas nozzle.

[0065] In this embodiment, the first atomizing bottle supplies argon gas to the main atomizing gas nozzle, and the first valve is used to regulate the pressure value of the argon gas supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle. Specifically, through... Figure 4 The first connection port supplies argon gas to the main atomizing gas nozzle. The second atomizing bottle supplies argon gas to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle, and the second valve is used to regulate the pressure value of the argon gas supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle. Specifically, this is achieved through... Figure 3 The second connection port supplies argon gas to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle.

[0066] In some embodiments, the positions of the main atomizing gas nozzle and the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle satisfy the following relationship:

[0067] A < B < A + 10 mm;

[0068] Where A is the radius difference between the first gas outlet of the main atomizing gas nozzle and the guide tube; B is the radius difference between the second gas outlet of the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle and the guide tube.

[0069] In this embodiment, the second gas outlet of the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle is farther from the guide tube than the first gas outlet of the main atomizing gas nozzle. The distance between the second gas outlet and the first gas outlet should not exceed 10 mm. This ensures that the airflow of the main atomizing gas nozzle and the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle works in synergy, effectively avoiding airflow conflict and improving the atomization effect. If the distance is greater than 10 mm, the effect of the auxiliary atomizing nozzle is weakened, reducing the synergistic effect, leading to a decrease in atomization efficiency, and even increasing the generation of excessive satellite powder, thereby affecting the quality and yield of the high-temperature alloy powder.

[0070] In some embodiments, the main atomizing gas nozzle includes a converging section 212, a throat 213, and an expanding section 214 connected in sequence. The airflow channel of the main atomizing gas nozzle is Laval-shaped, which can achieve an acceleration effect on the gas, achieving a higher gas velocity at a lower pressure and improving the crushing efficiency. The auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle has the same width from beginning to end.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first angle formed between the side of the expansion section near the guide tube and the guide tube ranges from 12.5° to 17.5°, and the second angle formed between the airflow channel of the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle and the guide tube ranges from 25° to 35°.

[0072] In this embodiment, the sizes of the first and second included angles are set according to the respective functions of the main atomizing gas nozzle and the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle. The main atomizing gas nozzle needs to achieve effects such as breaking up the alloy melt. If the first included angle is too large, the initial atomization area will be too close to the bottom of the guide tube, which may cause backflow. If the first included angle is too small, the atomization area may be too low, resulting in a reduced initial breaking effect. The auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle involved in the second included angle reduces the influence of the backflow zone. This helps the gas flow to diffuse more evenly when ejected, reducing the problem of uneven impact force caused by concentrated gas flow. Through this diffusion, the auxiliary gas flow (argon gas ejected from the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle) can more effectively cooperate with the main gas flow (argon gas ejected from the main atomizing gas nozzle), ensuring more uniform breaking up of the alloy melt and avoiding local over-atomization or incomplete atomization.

[0073] In some embodiments, the device further includes a powder collection tank 13 and a cyclone separation system 14, the cyclone separation system being connected to the atomizing chamber, and the powder collection tank being disposed below the atomizing chamber.

[0074] In this embodiment, the cyclone separation system functions as a gas-solid separation system, separating argon gas and high-temperature alloy powder. It efficiently separates the high-temperature alloy powder from the gas-solid two-phase flow carrying the powder and purifies the argon gas, ensuring the continuity of high-temperature alloy powder preparation. The powder collection tank is used to store the falling high-temperature alloy powder.

[0075] In this embodiment, the high-temperature alloy powder in the powder collection tank can be cooled and then mechanically vibrated and sieved according to the national standard GB / T1480-2012 to obtain high-temperature alloy powder with a particle size range suitable for additive manufacturing.

[0076] In some embodiments, selective laser melting technology can be used to mechanically vibrate and sieve powders with a particle size range of 15μm to 53μm and then vacuum seal them. Plasma beam technology can also be used to mechanically vibrate and sieve powders with a particle size range of 53μm to 100μm and then vacuum seal them.

[0077] The high-temperature alloy powder obtained in this embodiment has high sphericity and its comprehensive physical properties meet the requirements for additive manufacturing in 3D printing.

[0078] In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes a control system 15, which is used to execute a multi-stage gas atomization preparation method for high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing according to an embodiment of this application.

[0079] Based on the multi-stage gas atomization preparation device for high-temperature alloy powders for additive manufacturing described above, the multi-stage gas atomization preparation method for high-temperature alloy powders for additive manufacturing will be described in detail below.

[0080] In some embodiments, this method can be applied in the preparation of nickel-based, iron-based, and cobalt-based high-temperature alloy powders.

[0081] Figure 7 A flowchart of a multi-stage gas atomization preparation method for high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing, according to some embodiments, is provided. The method includes steps S100-S400.

[0082] S100. When the alloy melt flows out from the guide tube, argon gas at a first preset main atomizing gas pressure is supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle, and argon gas at a first preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure is supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle until a first preset time is reached.

[0083] Before performing step S100, the alloy raw material or alloy bar is first placed into the melting crucible, the lid of the vacuum induction melting furnace is closed, and the vacuum pump is controlled by the control system to extract the gas inside the vacuum induction melting furnace, so that the vacuum degree inside the vacuum induction melting furnace is less than 10. -1 Pa, then turn on the power to the vacuum induction melting furnace. After the alloy raw material or alloy bar has completely melted to obtain the alloy melt, control the temperature of the vacuum induction melting furnace to rise above the alloy melting point (150℃~300℃). Finally, control the third atomizing bottle to fill the vacuum induction melting furnace with argon gas, so that the vacuum induction melting furnace and the atomizing chamber are filled with argon gas, and the entire device is in a stable pressure state. Then continue to control the third atomizing bottle to fill the vacuum induction melting furnace with argon gas, so that the vacuum induction melting furnace forms a stable positive pressure relative to the atomizing chamber.

[0084] The tilting casting mechanism is controlled to tilt, pouring the molten alloy from the melting crucible into the tundish. Under positive pressure and gravity, the molten alloy in the tundish flows through the guide pipe into the atomization chamber. Step S100 is executed when the molten alloy flows out of the guide pipe.

[0085] In this embodiment, the main atomizing gas nozzle and the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle are controlled collaboratively in three stages. In these three stages, the argon pressure supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle gradually decreases, while the argon pressure supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle gradually increases. Step S100 is the first stage. In this first stage, the main atomizing gas nozzle maintains a high argon pressure, which allows for thorough fragmentation of the alloy melt, generating more small droplets and ensuring a high yield of the resulting high-temperature alloy powder.

[0086] S200: After the first preset time is reached, argon gas at a second preset main atomizing gas pressure is supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle, and argon gas at a second preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure is supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle until the second preset time is reached.

[0087] In this embodiment of the application, extensive experimental and numerical simulation studies have revealed that the fragmentation behavior of liquid metal during gas atomization is primarily controlled by the pressure of the main atomizing gas (i.e., the argon pressure delivered by the main atomizing gas nozzle), and its fragmentation intensity can be measured using the Weber number (…). ) description, in which Fluid density (Kg / m³) 3 ), Characteristic flow velocity (m / s), Let σ be the characteristic length (m) and σ be the surface tension coefficient of the fluid (N / m). When the pressure is kept at a high level, the relative velocity between gas and liquid is high, and the liquid film is easily broken up quickly, which can generate more fine droplets, thereby increasing the proportion of powder within the target particle size range. However, if the high pressure is maintained for a long time, it will cause excessive breakage, forming a large amount of ultrafine powder, and enhancing the collision between small droplets and high-temperature alloy powder in the recirculation zone, resulting in an increase in satellite powder.

[0088] In this embodiment, step S200 is the second stage. In this second stage, the argon pressure delivered by the main atomizing gas nozzle is moderately reduced. This reduces the airflow velocity, thereby weakening the impact of the central jet and reducing the generation of ultrafine powder. Conversely, the argon pressure delivered by the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle is increased. This alleviates the backflow effect, widens the jet width, and reduces the height of the high-temperature alloy powder recirculation zone within the atomization chamber. Under these conditions, the probability of collision between small droplets and high-temperature alloy powder is reduced, ultimately decreasing the probability of satellite powder formation and improving the sphericity of the high-temperature alloy powder.

[0089] S300: After the second preset time is reached, argon gas at a third preset main atomizing gas pressure is supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle, and argon gas at a third preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure is supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle until the third preset time is reached.

[0090] The first preset main atomizing gas pressure, the second preset main atomizing gas pressure, and the third preset main atomizing gas pressure decrease sequentially, and are all within the range of 4MPa to 5MPa.

[0091] In this embodiment, if the pressure exceeds 5 MPa, the probability of generating ultrafine powder increases, as does the probability of forming satellite powder. If the pressure is below 4 MPa, the alloy melt cannot be sufficiently broken up, and high-temperature alloy powder with the target particle size cannot be obtained.

[0092] The first preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure, the second preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure, and the third preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure increase sequentially, and all are between 0.5MPa and 1.5MPa.

[0093] In this embodiment, if the pressure exceeds 1.5 MPa, the frequency of collisions between small droplets and high-temperature alloy powder increases, thereby generating more satellite powder and reducing the sphericity of the high-temperature alloy powder. If the pressure is below 0.5 MPa, the yield, sphericity, and other indicators will decrease.

[0094] In this embodiment, step S300 is the third stage. In this third stage, the argon pressure delivered by the main atomizing gas nozzle is further reduced while the argon pressure delivered by the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle is increased. The argon delivered by the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle can shape and pneumatically polish the small droplets, promoting droplet spheroidization, ensuring the sphericity of the high-temperature alloy powder, and further reducing the formation of satellite powder. These three stages are then continuously cycled, ultimately increasing the yield of the high-temperature alloy powder and achieving a higher sphericity, thus improving the quality of the high-temperature alloy powder.

[0095] In some embodiments, the first preset main atomizing gas pressure is 5 MPa, the first preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure is 0.5 MPa; the second preset main atomizing gas pressure is 4.5 MPa, the second preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure is 1 MPa; the third preset main atomizing gas pressure is 4 MPa, and the third preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure is 1.5 MPa.

[0096] In some embodiments, the first preset duration, the second preset duration, and the third preset duration are all within the range of 10s to 15s. Within this range, the yield and sphericity of the high-temperature alloy powder can achieve good results. If it is less than 10 seconds, the alloy melt may not be fully atomized, resulting in uneven powder particle size distribution, affecting the sphericity and yield of the powder. If it exceeds 15 seconds, the atomization process will be too long, which may lead to excessive breakage or powder backflow, forming uneven powder particle size, and even increasing the generation of satellite powder. The purpose of setting this time range is to ensure the stability and efficiency of the gas atomization process.

[0097] S400: After reaching the third preset time, S100~S300 are repeated to obtain high-temperature alloy powder. In this embodiment, S100~S300 are repeated to continuously obtain high-temperature alloy powder.

[0098] In some embodiments, before performing step S100, the method further includes: using a vacuum pump to extract gas from the vacuum induction melting furnace; controlling the power supply of the vacuum induction melting furnace to be turned on, and after the alloy raw material or alloy rod is completely melted, raising the temperature to above the alloy melting point to form an alloy melt; controlling the third atomizing bottle to fill the vacuum induction melting furnace with argon gas, so that the vacuum induction melting furnace and the atomizing chamber are filled with argon gas, and the entire device is in a pressure stable state. Then, the third atomizing bottle is controlled to continue filling the vacuum induction melting furnace with argon gas, so that the vacuum induction melting furnace forms a stable positive pressure relative to the atomizing chamber.

[0099] In some embodiments, the method further includes: using a cyclone separation system to separate high-temperature alloy powder so that the separated high-temperature alloy powder falls into a powder collection tank.

[0100] In some embodiments, the method further includes: cooling the high-temperature alloy powder in the powder collection tank, and then subjecting the high-temperature alloy powder to mechanical vibration sieving to obtain high-temperature alloy powder with a force range suitable for additive manufacturing.

[0101] The methods in the embodiments of this application are described below through specific examples.

[0102] Example 1

[0103] A multi-stage gas atomization preparation method for high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing includes the following steps:

[0104] Before performing step S100, the alloy raw materials or alloy rods for preparing high-temperature alloy powder of model GH3536 are prepared and processed. The mass percentage of the raw material composition meets the following requirements: C: 0.05%~0.15%, Cr 20.5%~23.0%, Co: 0.5%~2.5%, Mn: 0~1.0%, B: 0~0.010%, A 10%~0.5%, Ti: 0~1.5%, Fe: 17.0%~20.0%, Mo: 8.0%~10.0%, W: 0.2%~1.0%, Si: 0~1.00%, P: 0~0.025%, S: 0.015%, Cu: 0~0.50%, with the balance being Ni.

[0105] The aforementioned alloy raw materials or bars are placed in a melting crucible, and a vacuum pump is used to evacuate the atomization chamber to a vacuum level of less than 10. -1 After Pa, the vacuum induction melting furnace is powered on for melting. Once the alloy raw material or alloy bar is completely melted, the melt temperature is increased to 150°C~300°C above the alloy melting point. Argon gas is then introduced into the vacuum induction melting furnace and the atomization chamber until the pressure of the entire device stabilizes. Argon gas is continued to be introduced into the vacuum induction melting furnace until a stable positive pressure is formed inside it relative to the atomization chamber. The alloy melt is then transferred from the melting crucible to the tundish using a tilting pouring mechanism. Under the positive pressure of the argon gas, the alloy melt enters the atomization chamber from the tundish through the guide pipe.

[0106] S100. When the alloy melt flows out from the guide tube, argon gas at a first preset main atomizing gas pressure of 5 MPa is supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle, and argon gas at a first preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure of 0.5 MPa is supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle until a first preset time of 10 seconds is reached.

[0107] In this embodiment, when the alloy melt flows out of the guide tube, the first valve and the second valve corresponding to the main atomizing gas nozzle and the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle are opened, and the pressure of argon gas supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle and the pressure of argon gas supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle are adjusted to achieve the supply of argon gas at a first preset main atomizing gas pressure to the main atomizing gas nozzle and the supply of argon gas at a first preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle.

[0108] S200. After reaching the first preset time, i.e. 10s, argon gas with a second preset main atomizing gas pressure, i.e. 4.5MPa, is supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle, and argon gas with a second preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure, i.e. 1.0MPa, is supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle until the second preset time, i.e. 10s, is reached.

[0109] S300. After the second preset time, i.e. 10s, argon gas at a third preset main atomizing gas pressure, i.e. 4.0MPa, is supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle, and argon gas at a third preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure, i.e. 1.5MPa, is supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle until the third preset time, i.e. 10s, is reached.

[0110] S400: After reaching the third preset time, i.e. 10s, repeat S100~S300 to obtain high-temperature alloy powder.

[0111] During flight, the atomized material solidifies into high-temperature alloy powder, which is then separated and collected by a cyclone separation system and a powder collection tank.

[0112] After performing S400, the GH3536 high-temperature alloy powder obtained in step S300 is cooled and then subjected to vibration sieving according to GB / T1480-2012 to obtain a particle size range suitable for additive manufacturing.

[0113] The morphology of the GH3536 high-temperature alloy powder prepared in Example 1 is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the sphericity is good, with a D90 of 56.01 μm and a loose powder density of 4.78 g·cm³. -3 The average sphericity is ≥89%, the powder has good flowability (≤14.67s / 50g), and the powder yield of 15μm~53μm is 35%, which can meet the requirements of additive manufacturing printing.

[0114] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the numerical simulation results of the airflow field in the atomization chamber of Example 1.

[0115] Example 2

[0116] A multi-stage gas atomization preparation method for high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing includes the following steps:

[0117] Before performing step S100, alloy raw materials or alloy bars of model GH4169 are prepared and processed. The mass percentage of the raw material composition meets the following requirements: C: 0~0.08%, Cr: 17.0%~21.0%, Co: 0~1.0%, Fe: 4.0%~6.0%, Nb: 4.75%~5.50%, Ti: 0.75%~1.15%, Mn: 0~0.35%, Cu: 0~0.30%, Si: 0~0.35%, P: 0~0.025%, with the balance being Ni.

[0118] The aforementioned alloy raw materials or alloy bars are placed in a melting crucible, and a vacuum pump is used to evacuate the atomization chamber to a vacuum level of less than 10. -1 After Pa, the vacuum induction melting furnace is powered on for melting. Once the alloy raw material or alloy bar is completely melted, the melt temperature is increased to 150°C~300°C above the alloy melting point. Argon gas is then introduced into the vacuum induction melting furnace and the atomization chamber until the pressure of the entire device stabilizes. Argon gas is continued to be introduced into the vacuum induction melting furnace until a stable positive pressure is formed inside it relative to the atomization chamber. The alloy melt is then transferred from the melting crucible to the tundish using a tilting pouring mechanism. Under the positive pressure of the argon gas, the alloy melt enters the atomization chamber from the tundish through the guide pipe.

[0119] S100. When the alloy melt flows out from the guide tube, argon gas at a first preset main atomizing gas pressure of 5 MPa is supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle, and argon gas at a first preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure of 0.5 MPa is supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle until a first preset time of 12 seconds is reached.

[0120] In this embodiment, when the alloy melt flows out of the guide tube, the first valve and the second valve corresponding to the main atomizing gas nozzle and the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle are opened, and the pressure of argon gas supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle and the pressure of argon gas supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle are adjusted to achieve the supply of argon gas at a first preset main atomizing gas pressure to the main atomizing gas nozzle and the supply of argon gas at a first preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle.

[0121] S200. After the first preset time, i.e. 12s, argon gas at a second preset main atomizing gas pressure, i.e. 4.5MPa, is supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle, and argon gas at a second preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure, i.e. 1.0MPa, is supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle until the second preset time, i.e. 12s, is reached.

[0122] S300. After the second preset time, i.e. 12s, argon gas with a third preset main atomizing gas pressure, i.e. 4.0MPa, is supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle, and argon gas with a third preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure, i.e. 1.5MPa, is supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle until the third preset time, i.e. 12s, is reached.

[0123] S400: After reaching the third preset time, i.e. 12s, repeat S100~S300 to obtain high-temperature alloy powder.

[0124] During flight, the atomized material solidifies into powder in the atomization chamber, and is then separated and collected by a cyclone separation system and a powder collection tank.

[0125] After performing S400, the GH4169 high-temperature alloy powder obtained in step S300 is cooled and then subjected to vibration sieving according to GB / T1480-2012 to obtain a particle size range suitable for additive manufacturing.

[0126] The morphology of the GH4169 high-temperature alloy powder prepared in Example 2 is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, the sphericity is good, with a D90 of 57.04 μm and a loose packing density of 4.59 g·cm³. -3 The average sphericity is ≥85%, the powder has good flowability (≤14.91s / 50g), and the powder yield of 15μm~53μm is 40%, which can meet the requirements of additive manufacturing printing.

[0127] Comparative Example 1: The difference from Example 1 is that no auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle is used, and a single fixed main atomizing gas nozzle is used to deliver argon gas at a pressure of 5 MPa. All other steps are the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0128] The morphology of the GH3536 high-temperature alloy powder prepared in Comparative Example 1 is as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the sphericity is poor, with an average sphericity ≤85%, a D90 of 57.02 μm, and a loose packing density of 4.58 g·cm³. -3 The powder has poor flowability (≥15.42s / 50g), and the yield of powder with a particle size of 15μm~53μm is only 19%.

[0129] Comparative Example 2: The difference from Example 2 is that no auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle is used, and a single fixed main atomizing gas nozzle is used to deliver argon gas at a pressure of 5 MPa. All other steps are the same as in Example 2, and will not be repeated here.

[0130] The morphology of the GH4169 high-temperature alloy powder prepared in Comparative Example 2 is as follows: Figure 12 As shown, the sphericity is poor, with an average sphericity ≤80%, a D90 of 59.88 μm, and a loose packing density of 4.48 g·cm³.-3 The powder has poor flowability (≥16.51s / 50g), and the yield of powder with a particle size of 15μm~53μm is 25%.

[0131] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the numerical simulation results of the airflow field in the atomization chamber of Comparative Example 2. The numerical simulation results of the airflow field in the atomization chamber of Example 1 were obtained using CFD software. Figure 9 The numerical simulation results of the airflow field in the atomized chamber in Comparative Example 2 are shown. Figure 13 Compare with. Figure 13 The comparison revealed that, Figure 9 Two vortex pairs rotating in the same direction appear in the mid-recirculation region (the two vortex pairs are...) Figure 9 The marked first and second recirculation zones increase the width of the atomized gas jet and reduce the probability of collisions caused by the movement of droplets and high-temperature alloy powder.

[0132] Comparative Example 3: Differences from Example 1: The argon pressure delivered by the main atomizing gas nozzle and the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle is kept at a constant intermediate value (4.5 MPa and 1.0 MPa). All other steps are the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0133] The morphology of the GH3536 high-temperature alloy powder prepared in Comparative Example 3 is as follows: Figure 14 As shown, D90 is 56.59 μm, and the loose packing density of the powder is 4.68 g·cm³. -3 The average sphericity was ≥86%, the powder flowability was good (≤14.97s / 50g), and the yield of powder with a particle size of 15μm~53μm was 30%. Overall, the powder of Example 1 showed better flowability (14.67s / 50g), higher yield (35%), and higher sphericity (89%), indicating that it was superior to Comparative Example 3 in terms of powder preparation efficiency, quality, and additive manufacturing adaptability. Therefore, it can be explained that the three-stage system control of the main atomizing gas nozzle and the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle in the embodiments of this application is effective due to the use of a single pressure parameter to control the main atomizing gas nozzle and the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle.

[0134] Comparative Example 4: Differences from Example 2: The argon pressure delivered by the main atomizing gas nozzle and the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle is kept at a constant intermediate value (4.5 MPa and 1.0 MPa). All other steps are the same as in Example 2, and will not be repeated here.

[0135] The morphology of the GH4169 high-temperature alloy powder prepared in Comparative Example 4 is as follows: Figure 15 As shown, D90 is 56.37 μm, and the loose packing density of the powder is 4.50 g·cm³. -3The average sphericity is ≥82%, the powder flowability is good (≤15.01s / 50g), and the yield of powder with a particle size of 15μm~53μm is 32%. Overall, the powder of Example 2 is superior to Comparative Example 4 in terms of flowability (14.91s / 50g), yield (40%), and sphericity (85%). Example 2 can provide a higher fine powder recovery rate and also shows more stable powder quality and stronger adaptability, especially suitable for additive manufacturing scenarios with high requirements. Therefore, it can be used to illustrate the effect of using a three-stage system to control the main atomizing gas nozzle and the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle in the embodiments of this application, due to the effect of using a single pressure parameter to control the main atomizing gas nozzle and the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle.

[0136] The comparison results of Examples 1 and 2 with the comparative examples show that the multi-stage gas atomization method is significantly superior to the single-stage gas flow design. By precisely controlling the pressure of the main atomizing gas and the auxiliary atomizing gas, a more uniform gas flow distribution can be achieved, reducing the formation of satellite powder and improving the sphericity, flowability, and yield of the powder. Experimental data show that the powder quality prepared by the multi-stage gas atomization method is significantly improved, better meeting the high requirements of additive manufacturing for powders.

[0137] By utilizing the above technical solution, this application provides a multi-stage gas atomization preparation method and apparatus for high-temperature alloy powder in additive manufacturing. The method involves the coordinated control of a main atomizing gas nozzle and an auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle in three stages. In these three stages, the argon gas pressure supplied to the main atomizing gas nozzle gradually decreases, while the argon gas pressure supplied to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle gradually increases. This improves the efficiency of alloy melt fragmentation while reducing the probability of collisions between small droplets and high-temperature alloy powder, thus reducing the formation of satellite powder. This achieves coordinated control of particle size and surface quality of the high-temperature alloy powder during gas atomization preparation, ultimately increasing the yield of the high-temperature alloy powder and improving its sphericity, thereby enhancing the overall quality of the high-temperature alloy powder.

[0138] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0139] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-stage gas atomization method for preparing a high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing, applied to a multi-stage gas atomization device for preparing a high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing, characterized in that, The device comprises a flow guide pipe and an atomizer; alloy melt flows out from the flow guide pipe; the atomizer comprises a main atomizing gas nozzle and an auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle; a first gas outlet of the main atomizing gas nozzle and a second gas outlet of the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle are both arranged outside the flow guide pipe in a surrounding manner with the flow guide pipe as the center, and the gases sprayed from the first gas outlet and the second gas outlet cooperate to break the alloy melt; the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle is arranged on a side of the main atomizing gas nozzle away from the flow guide pipe. The method comprises: S100, when alloy melt flows out from the flow guide pipe, supplying argon gas with a first preset main atomizing gas pressure to the main atomizing gas nozzle and supplying argon gas with a first preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle until a first preset time length is reached; S200, after the first preset time length is reached, supplying argon gas with a second preset main atomizing gas pressure to the main atomizing gas nozzle and supplying argon gas with a second preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle until a second preset time length is reached; S300, after the second preset time length is reached, supplying argon gas with a third preset main atomizing gas pressure to the main atomizing gas nozzle and supplying argon gas with a third preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure to the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle until a third preset time length is reached; wherein the first preset main atomizing gas pressure, the second preset main atomizing gas pressure and the third preset main atomizing gas pressure decrease in turn, and are all in the range of 4MPa-5MPa; the first preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure, the second preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure and the third preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure increase in turn, and are all in the range of 0.5MPa-1.5MPa; S400, after the third preset time length is reached, repeating S100-S300 to obtain high-temperature alloy powder.

2. The multistage gas-atomization process for the production of a high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first preset main atomizing gas pressure is 5MPa, and the first preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure is 0.5MPa; The second preset main atomizing gas pressure is 4.5MPa, and the second preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure is 1MPa; The third preset main atomizing gas pressure is 4MPa, and the third preset auxiliary atomizing gas pressure is 1.5MPa.

3. The multistage gas-atomization method of producing a high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first preset time length, the second preset time length and the third preset time length are all in the range of 10s-15s.

4. A multi-stage gas-atomization device for preparing a high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing, which applies the multi-stage gas-atomization method for preparing a high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Comprise: a flow guide pipe and an atomizer; alloy melt flows out from the flow guide pipe; the atomizer comprises a main atomizing gas nozzle and an auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle; a first gas outlet of the main atomizing gas nozzle and a second gas outlet of the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle are both arranged outside the flow guide pipe in a surrounding manner with the flow guide pipe as the center, and the gases sprayed from the first gas outlet and the second gas outlet cooperate to break the alloy melt; the auxiliary atomizing gas nozzle is arranged on a side of the main atomizing gas nozzle away from the flow guide pipe.

5. A multistage gas-atomization production device of a high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The device comprises a vacuum induction melting furnace and an atomization cabin; the vacuum induction melting furnace is located above the atomization cabin, and the vacuum induction melting furnace and the atomization cabin are communicated through the flow guide pipe; the vacuum induction melting furnace is used for preparing an alloy melt; and the atomizer is located inside the atomization cabin.

6. A multistage gas-atomization production device of a high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized in that, Further comprising: a first atomization bottle and a second atomization bottle; the first atomization bottle is connected with the main atomization gas nozzle through a first valve; and the second atomization bottle is connected with the auxiliary atomization gas nozzle through a second valve.

7. The multi-stage gas-atomization apparatus for producing a high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized by, The setting positions of the main atomization gas nozzle and the auxiliary atomization gas nozzle satisfy the following relationship: A < B < A + 10 mm; wherein A is the radius difference between the first gas outlet of the main atomization gas nozzle and the flow guide pipe; and B is the radius difference between the second gas outlet of the auxiliary atomization gas nozzle and the flow guide pipe.

8. A multi-stage gas-atomization production device of a high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The main atomization gas nozzle comprises a converging section, a throat section and a diverging section connected in sequence; and the auxiliary atomization gas nozzle has the same width from head to tail.

9. A multistage gas-atomization production device of a high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first included angle formed by the side of the diverging section close to the flow guide pipe and the flow guide pipe ranges from 12.5° to 17.5°; and the second included angle formed by the gas flow channel of the auxiliary atomization gas nozzle and the flow guide pipe ranges from 25° to 35°.

10. The multi-stage gas-atomization apparatus for producing a high-temperature alloy powder for additive manufacturing according to claim 5, characterized by, An intermediate ladle and a melting crucible are arranged in the atomization cabin; the intermediate ladle is communicated with the upper end of the flow guide pipe; and the melting crucible is located directly above the intermediate ladle. The device further comprises a turnover pouring mechanism connected with the melting crucible, which is used for turning over the melting crucible so as to pour the alloy melt in the melting crucible into the intermediate ladle.

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