Preparation process and preparation device of main shaft unclamping cylinder part

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of precision part production, in particular to a spindle unclamping cylinder part preparation process and a preparation device thereof.The preparation process comprises the following steps that S1, finish turning is conducted, specifically, a lathe is used for machining an outer circle of a part, the grinding allowance of the outer circle is 0.1-0.2 mm, the smoothness requirement reaches Ra1.6, Ra1.6 is equal to Rz (1.6 * 4), and grinding machining is conducted; s2, accurate grinding is conducted, specifically, an outer circle grinding machine is used for machining an outer circle to the size of a finished part, the finish degree requirement reaches Rz6.3, and Rz6.3 is equal to Ra (6.3 / 4); s3, polishing is conducted, specifically, a special polishing machine is used for conducting polishing treatment on the outer circle surface of the part, the smoothness requirement reaches Rz3.2, and Rz3.2 is equal to Ra (3.2 / 4); s4, QPQ treatment is conducted, specifically, the polished part is subjected to a QPQ treatment process; s5, secondary polishing is conducted, specifically, the part subjected to QPQ treatment is polished again till the surface smoothness is within Rz1.6, and Rz1.6 is equal to Ra (1.6 / 4); compared with a traditional preparation technology, the hardness of the main shaft unclamping cylinder part prepared through the technology can reach 500-700 HV, the surface smoothness reaches Rz1.6, and the quality of the main shaft unclamping cylinder part is greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of precision component production, and in particular to a spindle tool breaking cylinder part preparation process and preparation device thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a numerical control machine tool with automatic tool changing function, the spindle usually needs to be built-in with a tool breaking cylinder to meet the tool loosening function of the spindle. The structure principle of the spindle tool breaking cylinder is simple, mainly using hydraulic principle, through oil pressure to make the tool breaking cylinder generate thrust, to push the spindle tool system to complete the tool loosening action. Although the principle is simple, the spindle is the core functional component of the machine tool, and the service life and precision requirements are extremely high. If the spindle tool breaking cylinder has oil leakage problem, it will have a fatal impact on the spindle, because the leaked hydraulic oil will flow into the spindle, invade the spindle bearing, and cause the bearing to fail. The piston action of the tool breaking cylinder mainly relies on the extrusion deformation of the sealing element and the piston and other parts to realize sealing, so the key to affecting the service life of the spindle tool breaking cylinder is the surface finish and surface hardness of the parts in contact with the sealing element. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of poor sealing and short service life of the spindle tool breaking cylinder manufactured by the prior art, the present application provides a spindle tool breaking cylinder part preparation process and preparation device thereof.

[0004] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a spindle tool breaking cylinder part preparation process, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1: finish turning: using a lathe to process the outer circle of the part, leaving a grinding allowance of 0.1-0.2mm, and the finish requirement is Ra1.6, which is equal to Rz(1.6*4), and then grinding processing;

[0006] S2: finish grinding: using an outer circle grinding machine to process the outer circle to the finished size of the part, and the finish requirement is Rz6.3, which is equal to Ra(6.3 / 4);

[0007] S3: polishing: using a special polishing machine to polish the outer circle surface of the part, and the finish requirement is Rz3.2, which is equal to Ra(3.2 / 4);

[0008] S4: QPQ treatment: QPQ treatment process is performed on the polished part;

[0009] S5: secondary polishing: the part after QPQ treatment is polished again until the surface finish is within Rz1.6, which is equal to Ra(1.6 / 4).

[0010] The utility model provides a main shaft sword cylinder spare part preparation device for QPQ treatment process in the main shaft sword cylinder spare part preparation process S4, including the connecting frame, electric sliding seat, preheating box, salt bath nitriding box, salt bath oxidation box, cold water cooling pool, hot water soaking pool and hanger, the connecting frame is provided with electric sliding seat, electric sliding seat is connected with the connecting seat through electric hoist and rope, the connecting seat is connected with the hanger through the rope and the hook, and the preheating box, salt bath nitriding box and salt bath oxidation box are arranged on the ground in proper order preheating box, salt bath nitriding box, salt bath oxidation box, cold water cooling pool and hot water soaking pool, the preheating box, salt bath nitriding box and salt bath oxidation box are all opened the mouth of avoiding the hanger to go down, still include the sector, sliding block, sliding slot, elastic member, inverted conical block, clamping block, screw groove and transition groove, the preheating box, salt bath nitriding box and salt bath oxidation box are all provided with four sectors, all sectors on the same part jointly constitute conical structure, the conical structure will the mouth of corresponding part on the shelter, the conical structure center place is reserved the avoiding mouth of matching the rope of electric hoist, sliding block is arranged on every sector, the preheating box, salt bath nitriding box and salt bath oxidation box are all opened four sliding slots, and the sliding block is slidably arranged in the sliding slot, two elastic members are arranged between the sliding block and the sliding slot, the inverted conical block is arranged on the hanger, a plurality of clamping blocks are arranged on the hanger, the mouth of the preheating box, salt bath nitriding box and salt bath oxidation box is provided with screw groove and two transition grooves, the transition groove is communicated with the screw groove, and the transition grooves at the mouth of the same part are located on the same vertical line.

[0011] Optionally, the hanger is composed of five connecting discs, one connecting column and a plurality of support columns arranged on the connecting discs; all the connecting discs are rotationally connected with the connecting column; each connecting disc is fixedly connected with a clamping block, and the clamping block is located on the same vertical line with the transition groove; the inverted conical block is fixedly connected to the lowermost connecting disc.

[0012] Optionally, a plurality of inclined second drainage channels and a plurality of second annular flow channels that connect all the second drainage channels are formed on the connecting disc.

[0013] Optionally, the connecting disc and the connecting column are connected through a ratchet structure, which limits the counterclockwise rotation of the connecting disc; the connecting seat is composed of a fixed end and a movable end, and the movable end is rotationally arranged on the fixed end; the fixed end is connected with the rope of the electric hoist, and the movable end is connected with the uppermost connecting disc through the rope and the hook.

[0014] Optionally, further comprising a pump and an air inlet frame; the salt bath nitriding box and the salt bath oxidation box are both provided with a first flow channel, a first annular flow channel and a plurality of second flow channels; the second flow channels are communicated with the through hole, and the first flow channel, the first annular flow channel and the plurality of second flow channels on the same part are communicated with each other; the ground is provided with the pump through a support frame, and the input end of the pump is communicated with the first flow channels on the salt bath nitriding box and the salt bath oxidation box through pipelines; the preheating box and the hot water soaking pool are both provided with a cavity and a plurality of air inlet channels; the preheating box and the hot water soaking pool are both provided with a plurality of micro pores communicated with the cavity; the preheating box and the hot water soaking pool are both provided with an air inlet frame communicated with all the air inlet channels on the corresponding part; the air inlet frame is communicated with the output end of the pump through pipelines and an electric four-way valve.

[0015] Optionally, further comprising a water collecting tray; the inner bottom surface of the preheating box is provided with a guide plate; the preheating box is provided with a first drainage channel, and the guide plate is inclined towards the first drainage channel; the ground is provided with the water collecting tray, and the water collecting tray is located below the first drainage channel.

[0016] Optionally, further comprising a limiting rod; a plurality of limiting rods are arranged between adjacent two connecting discs; the upper end of the limiting rod is rotationally connected with the corresponding connecting disc, and the lower end of the limiting rod is fixedly connected with the corresponding connecting disc.

[0017] Optionally, further, the outer side surface of the limiting rod is located at the same horizontal plane as the outer side surface of the connecting disc.

[0018] Optionally, further comprising a stirring blade; the inverted conical block is provided with four stirring blades.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. Compared with the main shaft knife cylinder parts prepared by the traditional fine turning, heat treatment (quenching) and fine grinding process, the hardness of the main shaft knife cylinder parts prepared by the process of the application can reach 500-700HV, and the surface finish can reach Rz1.6, so that the quality of the main shaft knife cylinder parts is greatly improved.

[0021] 2. The through hole is closed by the rope connected with the electric hoist through the conical structure with the avoidance opening formed by the fan-shaped block, so that the heat is prevented from being wasted by being dissipated outward through the through hole in the preheating process, and the harmful substances generated in the nitriding and oxidation processes are prevented from being scattered into the environment in large quantities to cause harm to the health of the operators.

[0022] 3. Through the setting of the clamping block, the transition groove and the threaded groove, rotation on the connecting column during the lowering of the connecting disc is realized, so that the moisture on the heat treatment piece is thrown off, the moisture on the surface of the heat treatment piece is reduced, the drying efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.

[0023] 4. Through the ratchet structure, the connecting disc can only rotate clockwise and unidirectionally on the connecting column, so that the hanger is pulled upward, when the clamping block on the uppermost connecting disc enters the threaded groove and rotates counterclockwise, the uppermost connecting disc drives the remaining connecting discs to rotate counterclockwise through the ratchet structure and the connecting column, so that the treatment piece is shaken regularly, the drying efficiency is further improved, and the energy consumption is reduced; in addition, during the nitriding and oxidation process, the hanger is pulled up and down by the electric hoist in a small amplitude, so that the connecting disc drives the treatment piece to rotate, the nitriding salt bath and the oxidation salt bath can be stirred regularly, the compounds in the nitriding salt bath and the oxidation salt bath are uniformly ensured, and the nitriding salt bath and the oxidation salt bath are stirred, so that the salt bath flows fully and contacts the treatment piece, and the nitriding and oxidation quality of the treatment piece is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a first perspective view of the main shaft tool changing cylinder part preparation device of the application;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a second perspective view of the main shaft tool changing cylinder part preparation device of the application;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the preheating box of the application;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a first perspective view of the salt bath nitriding box of the application;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a second perspective view of the salt bath nitriding box of the application;

[0029] Figure 6 It is an enlarged view of the area A in the figure; Figure 3

[0030] Figure 7 It is a perspective view of the hanger of the application;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a perspective view of the connecting disc of the application.

[0032] ​The labels of the various components in the drawings are as follows: 1-connecting frame, 2-electric sliding seat, 3-preheating box, 4-salt bath nitriding box, 5-salt bath oxidation box, 6-cold water cooling pool, 7-hot water soaking pool, 8-pump machine, 9-hanger, 101-fan-shaped block, 102-sliding block, 103-slotted guide, 104-elastic member, 105-inverted conical block, 201-connecting seat, 301-air inlet frame, 401-water collecting disc, 501-connecting disc, 502-supporting column, 503-connecting column, 601-clamping block, 602-threaded groove, 603-transition groove, 701-limiting rod, 801-stirring blade, 20101-fixed end, 20102-movable end, 3001-cavity, 3002-air inlet channel, 3003-guide plate, 3004-first drainage channel, 4001-first flow channel, 4002-first annular flow channel, 4003-second flow channel, 50101-second drainage channel, 50102-second annular flow channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0034] Embodiment 1: A main shaft tool breaking cylinder component preparation process, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1: finish turning: using a lathe to process the outer circle of the part, leaving a grinding allowance of 0.1-0.2mm, and the finish requirement is to reach Ra1.6, Ra1.6 is equal to Rz(1.6*4), and then grinding processing is performed;

[0036] S2: finish grinding: using an outer circle grinding machine to process the outer circle to the finished product size of the part, and the finish requirement is to reach Rz6.3, Rz6.3 is equal to Ra(6.3 / 4);

[0037] S3: polishing: using a special polishing machine to polish the outer circle surface of the part, and the finish requirement is to reach Rz3.2, Rz3.2 is equal to Ra(3.2 / 4);

[0038] S4: QPQ treatment: performing QPQ treatment process on the polished part;

[0039] S5: secondary polishing: polishing the part after QPQ treatment again until the surface finish reaches within Rz1.6, Rz1.6 is equal to Ra(1.6 / 4).

[0040] A main shaft tool breaking cylinder component preparation device is used for the QPQ treatment process in the above-mentioned main shaft tool breaking cylinder component preparation process S4, and the device comprises a base, a connecting frame, an electric sliding seat, a preheating box, a salt bath nitriding box, a salt bath oxidation box, a cold water cooling pool, a hot water soaking pool, a pump machine, a hanger, a fan-shaped block, a sliding block, a slotted guide, an elastic member, an inverted conical block, a connecting seat, an air inlet frame, a water collecting disc, a connecting disc, a supporting column, a connecting column, a clamping block, a threaded groove, a transition groove, a limiting rod, a stirring blade, a fixed end, a movable end, a cavity, an air inlet channel, a guide plate, a first drainage channel, a first flow channel, a first annular flow channel, a second flow channel, a second drainage channel and a second annular flow channel.Figures 1-8 As shown, it comprises a connecting frame 1, an electric sliding seat 2, a preheating box 3, a salt bath nitriding box 4, a salt bath oxidation box 5, a cold water cooling pool 6, a hot water soaking pool 7 and a hanger 9; the connecting frame 1 is provided with the electric sliding seat 2; the electric sliding seat 2 is connected with a connecting seat 201 through an electric hoist and a rope; the connecting seat 201 is connected with the hanger 9 through a rope and a hook; the ground is sequentially provided with the preheating box 3, the salt bath nitriding box 4, the salt bath oxidation box 5, the cold water cooling pool 6 and the hot water soaking pool 7; the preheating box 3, the salt bath nitriding box 4 and the salt bath oxidation box 5 are all provided with through openings for avoiding the downward movement of the hanger 9;

[0041] It also comprises a sector block 101, a sliding block 102, a sliding groove 103, an elastic member 104, an inverted conical block 105, a clamping block 601, a threaded groove 602 and a transition groove 603; the preheating box 3, the salt bath nitriding box 4 and the salt bath oxidation box 5 are all provided with four sector blocks 101; all the sector blocks 101 on the same part together form a conical structure which covers the through opening on the corresponding part, and the center of the conical structure is reserved with an avoiding opening for matching the rope connected with the electric hoist; each sector block 101 is provided with a sliding block 102; the preheating box 3, the salt bath nitriding box 4 and the salt bath oxidation box 5 are all provided with four sliding grooves 103, and the sliding block 102 is slidingly arranged in the sliding groove 103; two elastic members 104 are arranged between the sliding block 102 and the sliding groove 103, which can be springs or spring telescopic rods; the hanger 9 is provided with an inverted conical block 105; the hanger 9 is provided with a plurality of clamping blocks 601; the through openings of the preheating box 3, the salt bath nitriding box 4 and the salt bath oxidation box 5 are all provided with a threaded groove 602 and two transition grooves 603, the transition grooves 603 are communicated with the threaded grooves 602, and the transition grooves 603 at the through openings of the same part are located on the same vertical line.

[0042] Furthermore, the hanger 9 is composed of five connecting discs 501, one connecting column 503 and a plurality of supporting columns 502 arranged on the connecting disc 501; all the connecting discs 501 are rotationally connected with the connecting column 503; each connecting disc 501 is fixedly connected with a clamping block 601, and the clamping block 601 and the transition groove 603 are located on the same vertical line; the inverted conical block 105 is fixedly connected to the lowermost connecting disc 501.

[0043] Furthermore, a plurality of inclined second drainage channels 50101 and a plurality of second annular flow channels 50102 which make all the second drainage channels 50101 communicate with each other are arranged on the connecting disc 501.

[0044] Furthermore, the connecting disc 501 and the connecting post 503 are connected by a ratchet structure, which restricts the connecting disc 501 from rotating counterclockwise; the connecting seat 201 consists of a fixed end 20101 and a movable end 20102, with the movable end 20102 rotatably mounted on the fixed end 20101; the fixed end 20101 is connected to the rope of the electric hoist, and the movable end 20102 is connected to the uppermost connecting disc 501 via the rope and a hook.

[0045] The workflow of this embodiment is described below:

[0046] It should be noted in advance that, with Figure 1 Using the perspective reference, the side where the connecting frame 1 is located is on the left, and the side where the hot water soaking pool 7 is located is on the right:

[0047] After the metal blank has undergone precision turning, grinding, polishing, and cleaning to obtain a clean part for heat treatment, the operator places the part on the connecting plate 501, which is restrained by the support column 502. Then, the operator uses an external control panel or remote control device (existing technology, the control principle is not described here) to raise the hanging fixture 9 on the electric slide 2 via the electric hoist. After the hanging fixture 9 is away from the ground, the operator controls the electric slide 2 to move the part on it to the right and directly above the preheating box 3 (precise movement control can be achieved through infrared sensors and other technologies, which are existing mature technologies and are not described here). Then, the electric hoist lowers the hanging fixture 9, allowing it to carry the part to be heat treated through the opening on the preheating box 3 into it for 20-30 minutes of preheating treatment. This dries the surface moisture of the part and prevents water from entering the salt bath nitriding box 4 and causing salt bath splashing, while also reducing the risk of workpiece splashing. The deformation and uniform color appearance are achieved. After preheating, the electric slide 2 and electric hoist drive the hanger 9 and the parts to be heat-treated into the salt bath nitriding box 4, salt bath oxidation box 5, cold water cooling pool 6 and hot water soaking pool 7 in sequence, so that the parts to be heat-treated undergo nitriding, oxidation, cooling and soaking operations in sequence. Then, the operator removes the heat-treated parts for cleaning and then performs a second polishing operation to complete the preparation of the spindle tool cylinder parts. Compared with the traditional precision turning, heat treatment (quenching) and precision grinding processes that produce spindle tool cylinder parts with a hardness of 120-150HV and a surface finish of Rz3.2 equal to Ra (3.2 / 4), the spindle tool cylinder parts prepared using the process of this invention can achieve a hardness of 500-700HV and a surface finish of Rz1.6 equal to Ra (1.6 / 4), thus achieving a significant improvement in the quality of spindle tool cylinder parts.

[0048] Further, when the hanger 9 carrying the workpiece to be heat treated enters the preheating box 3, the salt bath nitriding box 4 and the salt bath oxidation box 5 in turn, due to the descending entry mode of the hanger 9, the through openings on the preheating box 3, the salt bath nitriding box 4 and the salt bath oxidation box 5 cannot be closed, resulting in the through openings on the preheating box 3, the salt bath nitriding box 4 and the salt bath oxidation box 5 being open, causing heat waste during the preheating process, increasing energy consumption and prolonging the preheating time, and causing a large amount of harmful substances generated during the nitriding and oxidation processes to drift into the environment, causing harm to the health of the operators; therefore, the fan-shaped blocks 101 are arranged on the preheating box 3, the salt bath nitriding box 4 and the salt bath oxidation box 5, and the conical structure formed by the fan-shaped blocks 101 cooperates with the rope connected by the electric hoist to solve the problem.

[0049] The solution is described in the working process of the hanger 9 entering the preheating box 3:

[0050] During the process of the hanger 9 descending into the preheating box 3, the tip of the inverted conical block 105 first enters the avoiding opening of the conical structure, and as the hanger 9 descends, the conical surface of the inverted conical block 105 pushes the fan-shaped block 101 to move away from the through opening of the preheating box 3, in this process, the sliding block 102 moves along the sliding groove 103, and the elastic member 104 is stretched; when the inverted conical block 105 enters the preheating box 3, the diameter between the upper ends of the fan-shaped block 101 is equal to the diameter of the connecting disc 501, so as to avoid the hanger 9 descending; at this time, the fan-shaped block 101 is limited by the connecting disc 501 during the descending process of the hanger 9, to avoid the fan-shaped block 101 resetting, when the hanger 9 completely enters the preheating box 3, the elastic member 104 pulls the fan-shaped block 101 to reset through the sliding block 102, at this time, the conical structure formed by the fan-shaped block 101 cooperates with the rope connected by the electric hoist to close the through opening on the preheating box 3; it should be noted that the process of the hanger 9 entering the salt bath nitriding box 4 and the salt bath oxidation box 5 is the same as the process of entering the preheating box 3, and the corresponding through opening can be closed by the conical structure formed by the fan-shaped block 101 cooperating with the rope connected by the electric hoist, to prevent heat waste caused by the heat being emitted outward through the through opening during the preheating process, and to prevent a large amount of harmful substances generated during the nitriding and oxidation processes from drifting into the environment, causing harm to the health of the operators.

[0051] It is explained that when the hanger 9 rises and separates from the preheating box 3, the uppermost connecting disc 501 pushes the fan-shaped block 101 to move away from the through opening of the preheating box 3, and when the hanger 9 completely rises and separates from the preheating box 3, the elastic member 104 pulls the fan-shaped block 101 to reset through the sliding block 102.

[0052] Further, during the descending of the hanger 9, the clamping block 601 arranged on the lowermost connecting disc 501 will first enter the upper transition groove 603, and as the hanger 9 descends, the clamping block 601 will move along the threaded groove 602, so that the connecting disc 501 rotates on the connecting column 503 during the descending process, and the rotating direction is clockwise as viewed from front to back, so that the moisture on the to-be-heat-treated piece is thrown off, the moisture on the surface of the to-be-heat-treated piece is reduced, the drying efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced; at the same time, through the second drainage channel 50101 and the second annular flow channel 50102 arranged on the connecting disc 501, the water thrown off on the connecting disc 501 can fall off; when the clamping block 601 moves into the lower transition groove 603, as the hanger 9 descends, the clamping block 601 on the lowermost connecting disc 501 will pass through the through port and enter the preheating box 3, and the clamping block 601 on the subsequent connecting disc 501 will enter the upper transition groove 603.

[0053] It is explained here that during the rotating of the uppermost connecting disc 501, the uppermost connecting disc 501 rotates on the fixed end 20101 through the rope transmission movable end 20102.

[0054] In addition, during the preheating process, the electric hoist can be controlled to reciprocatingly and slightly lift the hanger 9, so that the clamping block 601 on the uppermost connecting disc 501 enters the threaded groove 602 and rotates counterclockwise. Since the connecting disc 501 is connected with the connecting column 503 through a ratchet structure (not shown in the figure, the ratchet structure is a mature technology, and the specific operation principle is not described here), the connecting disc 501 can only rotate clockwise on the connecting column 503 through the ratchet structure, so that when the hanger 9 is pulled upward and the clamping block 601 on the uppermost connecting disc 501 enters the threaded groove 602 and rotates counterclockwise, the uppermost connecting disc 501 drives the other connecting discs 501 to rotate counterclockwise through the ratchet structure and the connecting column 503, so that the to-be-heat-treated piece is shaken at regular time, the drying efficiency is further improved, and the energy consumption is reduced. In addition, during the nitriding and oxidation processes, the electric hoist can be controlled to reciprocatingly and slightly lift the hanger 9, so that the connecting disc 501 drives the to-be-heat-treated piece to rotate, and the nitriding salt bath and the oxidation salt bath can be stirred at regular time, so that the compounds in the nitriding salt bath and the oxidation salt bath are uniform, and the nitriding salt bath and the oxidation salt bath are stirred, so that the salt bath flows fully and contacts the to-be-heat-treated piece, and the nitriding and oxidation quality of the to-be-heat-treated piece is improved.

[0055] The process of lifting the hanger 9 from the salt bath nitriding box 4 after the nitriding is completed is described below, and the process of lifting the hanger 9 from the salt bath oxidation box 5 after the oxidation is completed is the same as the process of lifting the hanger 9 from the salt bath nitriding box 4 after the nitriding is completed:

[0056] At the end of nitriding, when the hanger 9 rises from the salt bath nitriding tank 4, the connecting plate 501 drives the other connecting plates 501 to rotate counterclockwise through the ratchet structure and connecting column 503. This throws a large amount of residual nitriding salt bath on the hanger 9 and the surface of the treated part back into the salt bath nitriding tank 4, reducing the waste of nitriding salt bath and preventing the hanger 9 and the treated part from carrying a large amount of nitriding salt bath into the salt bath oxidation tank 5 and reacting with the oxidation salt bath, which would shorten the replacement cycle of the oxidation salt bath and increase costs. It should be noted that the nitriding salt bath liquid level in the salt bath nitriding tank 4 is left with a gap greater than the height of the treated part from the opening, ensuring that the nitriding salt bath on the surface of the hanger 9 and the treated part is thrown back into the salt bath nitriding tank 4. Furthermore, since the two transition grooves 603 at the opening of the salt bath nitriding tank 4 are located on the same vertical line, when the previous connecting plate 501 rises through the opening, the locking block 601 on the next connecting plate 501 engages with the lower transition groove 603.

[0057] Example 2: Based on Example 1, as follows Figures 2-5 As shown, it also includes a pump 8 and an air inlet frame 301; both the salt bath nitriding tank 4 and the salt bath oxidation tank 5 are provided with a first flow channel 4001, a first annular flow channel 4002, and several second flow channels 4003; the second flow channels 4003 are connected to the port, and the first flow channel 4001, the first annular flow channel 4002, and the several second flow channels 4003 on the same part are interconnected; the pump 8 is placed on the ground by a support frame, and the input end of the pump 8 is connected to the salt bath nitriding tank 4 and the salt bath oxidation tank 5 through a pipeline. The first flow channel 4001 on the box 5 is connected; the preheating box 3 and the hot water soaking tank 7 are each provided with a cavity 3001 and several air inlet channels 3002; the preheating box 3 and the hot water soaking tank 7 are each provided with several small air holes that communicate with the cavity 3001; the preheating box 3 and the hot water soaking tank 7 are each provided with an air inlet frame 301, and the air inlet frame 301 is connected to all the air inlet channels 3002 on the corresponding parts; the air inlet frame 301 is connected to the output end of the pump 8 through a pipeline and an electric four-way valve.

[0058] It also includes a water collection tray 401; a guide plate 3003 is provided on the bottom surface of the preheating box 3; a first drainage channel 3004 is provided on the preheating box 3, and the guide plate 3003 is inclined toward the first drainage channel 3004; a water collection tray 401 is placed on the ground, and the water collection tray 401 is located below the first drainage channel 3004.

[0059] The workflow of this embodiment is described below:

[0060] To further reduce energy consumption and production costs, the hot air emitted from the salt bath nitriding box 4 and the salt bath oxidation box 5 is transported by the pump 8 to the preheating box 3 and the hot water soaking tank 7, and the hot air emitted from the salt bath nitriding box 4 and the salt bath oxidation box 5 replaces the external heating element for heating operation.

[0061] The following describes the specific process of hot gas transportation:

[0062] During use, the control pump 8 is started. The hot air emitted from the salt bath nitriding tank 4 and the salt bath oxidation tank 5 enters the pump 8 through the second flow channel 4003, the first annular flow channel 4002, the first flow channel 4001, the pipeline, and the pump 8 input end. Then, it enters the cavity 3001 through the pump 8 output end, the electric four-way valve, the pipeline, the air inlet frame 301, and the air inlet channel 3002. Finally, it is discharged through the tiny vents on the preheating tank 3 and the hot water soaking tank 7. In this way, the hot air emitted from the salt bath nitriding tank 4 and the salt bath oxidation tank 5 replaces the external heating element for heating, reducing energy consumption. It should be noted that the hot air... The leakage through the tiny pores is minimal and will not significantly affect the drying process. Furthermore, in practical use, temperature sensors can be installed in the preheating chamber 3 and the hot water soaking tank 7 to monitor the internal temperature and ensure sufficient heat. Additionally, a filter unit (which can be a mesh screen, an activated carbon layer, or any existing mature technology designed to filter impurities and harmful substances) can be installed inside the air inlet frame 301 to filter the hot air emanating from the salt bath nitriding chamber 4 and the salt bath oxidation chamber 5, preventing impurities carried in the hot air from adhering to the inner wall of the cavity 3001 and causing unstable heat transfer.

[0063] The following description focuses on the process of lifting fixture 9 from the salt bath nitriding chamber 4 after nitriding. The process of ending oxidation is the same as that of ending nitriding:

[0064] When nitriding is complete and the fixture 9 rises from the salt bath nitriding tank 4, the electric four-way valve at the output end of the control pump 8 is activated to disconnect the pipe connecting to the air inlet frame 301 and open the channel connecting to the outside. Then, the pump 8 is reversed, causing outside air to sequentially pass through the electric four-way valve, the output end of the pump 8, the input end of the pump 8, the pipe, the first flow channel 4001, the first annular flow channel 4002, and the second flow channel 4003 and be ejected backward, thereby blowing off the nitrided salt bath on the surface of the rising fixture 9 and the treated parts, improving the cleaning effect of residual nitrided salt bath on the surface of the fixture 9 and the treated parts. After the fixture 9 is completely detached from the salt bath nitriding tank 4, the pump 8 is rotated forward, and the electric four-way valve is simultaneously controlled to close the channel connecting to the outside and open the channel connecting to the air inlet frame 301.

[0065] Considering that during the preheating of the workpiece, moisture on its surface is thrown into the preheating chamber 3, and the moisture evaporates upon heating, forming water vapor that rises and contacts the workpiece, thus prolonging the drying time, a guide plate 300 inclined towards the first drainage channel 3004 is provided on the bottom surface of the preheating chamber 3. This allows the thrown-off moisture to flow through the first drainage channel 3004 to the water collection tray 401 for collection, preventing a large amount of moisture from accumulating in the preheating chamber 3 and reducing drying efficiency. In addition, an electrically controlled sealing plate can be provided at the first drainage channel 3004 to close the first drainage channel 3004 when drainage is not required, preventing heat leakage. Furthermore, the fan-shaped block 101 can have tiny vents communicating with the interior of the preheating chamber 3 for pressure relief, preventing excessive pressure inside the preheating chamber 3 and avoiding safety hazards.

[0066] Example 3 is based on Example 1, such as... Figure 8 As shown, it also includes a limiting rod 701; several limiting rods 701 are provided between two adjacent connecting plates 501; the upper end of the limiting rod 701 is rotatably connected to the corresponding connecting plate 501, and the lower end of the limiting rod 701 is fixedly connected to the corresponding connecting plate 501.

[0067] Furthermore, the outer side of the limiting rod 701 is on the same horizontal plane as the outer side of the connecting plate 501.

[0068] It also includes stirring blades 801; four stirring blades 801 are provided on the inverted conical block 105, and the stirring blades 801 and the inverted conical block 105 can be slidably connected or rotatably connected.

[0069] The workflow of this embodiment is described below:

[0070] Because a clearance of the processing component height needs to be left between adjacent connecting discs 501, during the descent of the hanger 9, when the lowest connecting disc 501 descends and no longer contacts the upper end of the sector block 101, the elastic element 104 will pull the sector block 101 back to its original position via the slider 102, causing the sector block 101 to block the descent of subsequent connecting discs 501. To address this, several limiting rods 701 are set between adjacent connecting discs 501, with the outer surface of the limiting rods 701 and the outer surface of the connecting discs 501 at the same level. Thus, when the lowest connecting disc 501 descends and no longer contacts the upper end of the sector block 101, the limiting rods 701 temporarily replace the connecting discs 501 in restricting the sector block 101, thereby preventing the sector block 101 from resetting during the descent of the hanger 9 and obstructing the descent of subsequent connecting discs 501. In addition, setting several limiting rods 701 between adjacent connecting discs 501 can also improve the overall stability of the hanger 9.

[0071] Furthermore, during the descent of the hanger 9, when the stirring blade 801 contacts the fan-shaped block 101, the stirring blade 801 will be contained within the inverted cone-shaped block 105 to avoid obstruction due to the block 101. During the nitriding and oxidation processes, the electric hoist is periodically controlled to reciprocate and slightly lift the hanger 9, causing the connecting plate 501 to rotate the processed part. The inverted cone-shaped block 105 then rotates the stirring blade 801, increasing the contact area with the salt bath and improving the stirring effect.

[0072] Although the invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The scope of the following claims should be given the broadest interpretation so as to cover all variations and equivalent structures and functions.

Claims

1. A manufacturing process for a spindle tool-changing cylinder component, characterized by: It includes the following steps: S1: Finish turning: Use a lathe to machine the outer diameter of the part, leaving a grinding allowance of 0.1-0.2mm. The surface finish requirement is Ra1.6, where Ra1.6 equals Rz(1.6*4). The part is to be ground. S2: Fine grinding: Use an external cylindrical grinder to grind the outer diameter to the finished size of the part, and the surface finish requirement is Rz6.3, where Rz6.3 is equal to Ra(6.3 / 4); S3: Polishing: Use a special polishing machine to polish the outer cylindrical surface of the part. The surface finish requirement is Rz3.2, where Rz3.2 is equal to Ra(3.2 / 4). S4: QPQ treatment: QPQ treatment process is applied to polished parts; S5: Secondary polishing: Polish the QPQ treated parts again until the surface finish reaches within Rz1.6, where Rz1.6 is equal to Ra(1.6 / 4).

2. A spindle tool cylinder component preparation device, used in the QPQ process of S4 in the spindle tool cylinder component preparation process according to claim 1, comprising a connecting frame (1), an electric slide (2), a preheating box (3), a salt bath nitriding box (4), a salt bath oxidation box (5), a cold water cooling pool (6), a hot water soaking pool (7), and a hanger (9); the connecting frame (1) is provided with an electric slide (2); the electric slide (2) is connected to a connecting seat (201) by an electric hoist and a rope; the connecting seat (201) is connected to the hanger (9) by a rope and a hook; the preheating box (3), the salt bath nitriding box (4), the salt bath oxidation box (5), the cold water cooling pool (6), and the hot water soaking pool (7) are arranged sequentially on the ground; the preheating box (3), the salt bath nitriding box (4), and the salt bath oxidation box (5) are all provided with openings to allow the hanger (9) to move downwards; its characteristic is: It also includes a sector block (101), a slider (102), a groove (103), an elastic element (104), an inverted cone block (105), a locking block (601), a threaded groove (602), and a transition groove (603); the preheating box (3), the salt bath nitriding box (4), and the salt bath oxidation box (5) are each provided with four sector blocks (101); all sector blocks (101) on the same part together form a cone structure, the cone structure blocks the opening on the corresponding part, and the center of the cone structure is reserved with a clearance opening for the rope connected to the electric hoist; each sector block (101) is provided with a slider (102); the preheating box (3), the salt bath nitriding box (4), and the salt bath oxidation box (5) are all provided with four sector blocks (101); Four sliding grooves (103) are provided on the salt bath oxidation box (5), and the slider (102) is slidably disposed in the sliding groove (103); two elastic elements (104) are provided between the slider (102) and the sliding groove (103); an inverted cone-shaped block (105) is provided on the hanger (9); several locking blocks (601) are provided on the hanger (9); threaded grooves (602) and two transition grooves (603) are provided at the openings of the preheating box (3), the salt bath nitriding box (4) and the salt bath oxidation box (5), and the transition grooves (603) are connected to the threaded grooves (602), and the two transition grooves (603) at the opening of the same part are located on the same vertical line.

3. The spindle tool-changing cylinder component manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hanger (9) consists of five connecting discs (501), one connecting column (503), and several support columns (502) set on the connecting discs (501); all the connecting discs (501) are rotatably connected to the connecting column (503); each connecting disc (501) is fixedly connected to a locking block (601), and the locking block (601) and the transition groove (603) are on the same vertical line; the inverted cone block (105) is fixedly connected to the lowermost connecting disc (501).

4. The spindle tool-changing cylinder component manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting plate (501) has several inclined second drainage channels (50101) and several second annular flow channels (50102) that connect all the second drainage channels (50101) to each other.

5. A spindle tool-changing cylinder component manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting disc (501) and the connecting post (503) are connected by a ratchet structure, which restricts the connecting disc (501) from rotating counterclockwise. The connecting seat (201) consists of a fixed end (20101) and a movable end (20102), with the movable end (20102) rotatably mounted on the fixed end (20101). The fixed end (20101) is connected to the rope of the electric hoist, and the movable end (20102) is connected to the uppermost connecting disc (501) via the rope and hook.

6. A spindle tool-changing cylinder component manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a pump (8) and an air inlet frame (301); the salt bath nitriding tank (4) and the salt bath oxidation tank (5) are each provided with a first flow channel (4001), a first annular flow channel (4002) and several second flow channels (4003); the second flow channel (4003) is connected to the port, and the first flow channel (4001), the first annular flow channel (4002) and the several second flow channels (4003) on the same part are interconnected; the pump (8) is placed on the ground by a support frame, and the input end of the pump (8) is connected to the salt bath nitriding tank (4) and the salt bath oxidation tank (5) through a pipeline. The first flow channel (4001) is connected; a cavity (3001) and several air inlet channels (3002) are opened on both the preheating box (3) and the hot water soaking tank (7); several small air holes connected to the cavity (3001) are opened on both the preheating box (3) and the hot water soaking tank (7); an air inlet frame (301) is provided on both the preheating box (3) and the hot water soaking tank (7), and the air inlet frame (301) is connected to all the air inlet channels (3002) on the corresponding parts; the air inlet frame (301) is connected to the output end of the pump (8) through pipelines and electric four-way valves.

7. A spindle tool-changing cylinder component manufacturing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a water collection tray (401); a guide plate (3003) is provided on the bottom surface of the preheating box (3); a first drainage channel (3004) is opened on the preheating box (3), and the guide plate (3003) is inclined towards the first drainage channel (3004); a water collection tray (401) is placed on the ground, and the water collection tray (401) is located below the first drainage channel (3004).

8. A spindle tool-changing cylinder component manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a limiting rod (701); several limiting rods (701) are provided between two adjacent connecting plates (501); the upper end of the limiting rod (701) is rotatably connected to the corresponding connecting plate (501), and the lower end of the limiting rod (701) is fixedly connected to the corresponding connecting plate (501).

9. A spindle tool-changing cylinder component manufacturing apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer side of the limiting rod (701) is on the same horizontal plane as the outer side of the connecting plate (501).

10. A spindle tool-changing cylinder component manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes stirring blades (801); four stirring blades (801) are provided on the inverted cone block (105).

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