Rapid organic waste fermentation system based on aerobic microorganisms

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic waste rapid fermentation system based on aerobic microorganisms. The system comprises an organic waste rapid sorting device, a crushing device, a liquid fermentation tank and a solid layering treatment tank. The crushing device is used for crushing fiber organic matters and doping aerobic zymophyte; the sorting device is used for realizing liquid-semi-solid-solid separation of the livestock and poultry manure through graded filtration, and manure residues and fiber chippings are mixed in a solid cavity to obtain a raw material adaptive to aerobic fermentation; the liquid fermentation tank treats liquid dung, and the solid layering treatment tank completes aerobic fermentation. The system solves the problem that the water content and the carbon nitrogen ratio of raw materials are difficult to adjust, the fermentation period is shortened by 50%, products can be used as organic fertilizers, and the system is suitable for small and medium-sized farms and realizes rapid resource utilization of organic wastes.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to an aerobic microorganism-based organic waste rapid fermentation system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Resource utilization of organic waste (livestock manure, crop straw, etc.) is an important issue for sustainable development of agriculture. Aerobic fermentation technology is widely used in small and medium-sized farms due to its fast processing speed, direct use of products as organic fertilizer, and other advantages. However, the existing aerobic fermentation system has the following technical defects:

[0003] 1. Low separation efficiency: when livestock manure and other high-moisture waste are mixed with straw and other fibrous waste, there is a lack of efficient dry-wet separation device, resulting in large fluctuations in the moisture content of the subsequent fermentation raw materials, affecting the activity of aerobic microorganisms;

[0004] 2. Poor raw material adaptability: aerobic fermentation requires the moisture content of raw materials to be controlled at 40%-60% and the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) to be maintained at 20-30:1. However, the existing system is difficult to accurately adjust, and high-moisture manure has low carbon-nitrogen ratio (high nitrogen content), while fibrous waste has high carbon content. Mixing of the two can easily cause "carbon-nitrogen imbalance" or "excessive moisture", resulting in prolonged fermentation period;

[0005] 3. Insufficient resource utilization: the liquid part (containing nitrogen, phosphorus, etc.) in the manure is not treated separately, and the mixing uniformity of the crushed fibrous waste and manure is poor, which can easily cause local anaerobic or incomplete fermentation problems;

[0006] 4. Dirty operation: manual intervention is required for separation, crushing, and fermentation, increasing labor costs. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application aims to provide an aerobic microorganism-based organic waste rapid fermentation system that integrates efficient separation, accurate proportioning, and layered fermentation to effectively address the low efficiency and poor adaptability of existing systems. The specific solution is as follows:

[0008] An aerobic microorganism-based organic waste rapid fermentation system includes an organic waste rapid separation device, a crushing device, a liquid fermentation tank, and a solid layered treatment tank.

[0009] The crushing device is used to crush the collected fibrous organic matter and prepare the debris, which is mixed with aerobic fermentation bacteria for standby;

[0010] The organic waste rapid sorting device comprises a feces inlet, a debris inlet, a solid residue outlet and a fecal water outlet. The feces inlet is used for feeding high-water-content poultry manure. The debris inlet is used for feeding fiber organic matter debris mixed with aerobic fermentation bacteria. The solid residue outlet is provided with a plurality of plate-type collection tanks for collecting mixed-state organic waste with low water content.

[0011] The inlet of the liquid fermentation tank is connected with the fecal water outlet of the organic waste rapid sorting device. The treatment environment of the solid layer treatment tank is aerobic environment.

[0012] Further, the organic waste rapid sorting device comprises a main body. The left end of the main body is provided with a feces inlet. The feces inlet is provided with an arc-shaped filter plate. The surface of the arc-shaped filter plate is provided with first micropores. The arc-shaped filter plate is installed in the main body in an inclined manner. The closer to the inlet, the higher the height of the arc-shaped filter plate. The inside of the main body is sequentially provided with a liquid chamber, a semi-solid chamber and a solid chamber. The upper side of the arc-shaped filter plate is provided with a closed liquid collection cavity.

[0013] The semi-solid chamber is in an L shape. The leftmost end of the semi-solid chamber is connected with the liquid collection cavity through a through hole. The bottom surface of the liquid chamber is connected with the semi-solid chamber through a microporous filter plate. The middle part of the liquid chamber is connected with the fecal water outlet. The leftmost end of the solid chamber is connected with the feces inlet. The top of the solid chamber is provided with a debris inlet. The bottom of the solid chamber is connected with the solid residue outlet through a screw mixer.

[0014] Further, the microporous filter plate is provided with second micropores. The diameter of the first micropores is larger than that of the second micropores. The first micropores of the arc-shaped filter plate mainly realize “primary separation” and allow free liquid water and small-particle manure residue in the feces to pass through, and intercept large solid residues into the solid chamber. The second micropores of the microporous filter plate have a “depth filtration” function. The diameter of the second micropores is smaller, and only allows small-molecule liquid substances in the semi-solid chamber to pass through after anaerobic fermentation decomposition. The second micropores can effectively intercept gel impurities and incomplete decomposition of fiber debris in the semi-solid material, avoid the pollution of these substances to the liquid chamber, ensure the purity of the fecal water entering the liquid fermentation tank, and improve the subsequent anaerobic treatment efficiency.

[0015] Further, the cross section of the solid chamber is in an L shape. Compared with the traditional straight cylinder chamber, the L-shaped structure can improve the mixing level of the material in the mixing process, and cooperate with the stirring action of the screw mixer to further mix the material.

[0016] Furthermore, the rear end of the screw mixer is connected to a motor, and the side of the motor is connected to the side of the main body. This installation structure facilitates later maintenance, and the detachable connection between the motor and the main body allows for quick disassembly and replacement in case of motor failure, without disassembling the entire sorting device, thus reducing equipment maintenance costs for small and medium-sized farms.

[0017] Furthermore, the top of the fecal inlet is provided with a top cover, and the tops of the liquid chamber, semi-solid chamber, and solid chamber are provided with top covers, the height of which is higher than that of the top cover. This height difference between the top covers facilitates the operator in distinguishing the functions of different chambers, allowing for quick location of the target chamber during routine inspections or cleaning, thus improving operational convenience.

[0018] Furthermore, the semi-solid chamber is equipped with anaerobic fermentation bacteria. The heat generated by anaerobic fermentation can raise the temperature of the semi-solid chamber (maintained at 30-35℃), accelerate the decomposition rate of materials, and cause some organic matter that originally needed to be treated in the aerobic stage to degrade in advance, indirectly shortening the aerobic fermentation cycle of the solid stratification treatment tank.

[0019] Furthermore, after aerobic fermentation of the solid residue in the solid stratification treatment tank, the treated residue is crushed and granulated to produce organic fertilizer. This fertilizer can be used by the farm itself or sold as commercial fertilizer, providing additional income for small and medium-sized farms.

[0020] Overall system introduction:

[0021] After the poultry and livestock manure with high water content enters the organic waste rapid sorting device through the manure inlet, it generates an increasing pressure filtration effect as it flows inside: the water is gradually filtered into the liquid collection chamber, and then flows into the semi-solid chamber through the transverse through holes.

[0022] In the semi-solid chamber, the material undergoes preliminary decomposition through anaerobic fermentation; the water with fewer impurities seeps into the liquid chamber through the microporous filter plate, while the colloidal substance remains to continue fermenting and gradually transforms into liquid components.

[0023] After being filtered twice by an arc-shaped filter plate and a microporous filter plate, the sewage collected in the liquid chamber enters the liquid fermentation tank directly. After thorough anaerobic treatment, it produces greywater and a small amount of solid residue.

[0024] Meanwhile, the solid feces, initially separated by the arc-shaped filter plate, enters the solid chamber, where its moisture content is still relatively high and its carbon content is relatively low. Fiber-based organic waste fragments are added through the top debris inlet, ultimately forming a solid waste residue with a suitable carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and a moisture content of approximately 40-50%.

[0025] The waste residue is collected by a plate collection tank and then fed into a solid stratification treatment tank in a stacked manner to complete aerobic fermentation. The fermentation products can be directly spread to the field or dried and granulated into organic fertilizer.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. High-efficiency sorting and precise humidity control: Through the graded filtration of arc-shaped filter plates and microporous filter plates, the feces are quickly separated into "liquid-semi-solid-solid" states. With the addition of fibrous debris, the moisture content of the mixed raw materials is stably controlled at about 40%, which is suitable for the metabolic needs of aerobic microorganisms.

[0028] 2. Carbon-nitrogen regulation to enhance activity: The crushed fibrous debris (high carbon) and the solid fecal residue (high nitrogen) are fully mixed in the solid chamber by a screw mixer, which can precisely adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio to the suitable range for aerobic fermentation, significantly improve microbial activity, and shorten the fermentation cycle.

[0029] 3. Staged fermentation for full resource utilization: The liquid portion enters the liquid fermentation tank for anaerobic treatment, the solid portion enters the solid stratified treatment tank for aerobic fermentation, and the semi-solid portion undergoes preliminary fermentation in the chamber, achieving targeted treatment of waste in different forms and improving resource utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge state of a rapid organic waste sorting device;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a rapid sorting device for organic waste;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal chamber distribution of a rapid organic waste sorting device;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the screw extrusion section of a rapid organic waste sorting device;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of a rapid sorting device for organic waste;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the internal arc-shaped filter plate in a rapid organic waste sorting device;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the arc-shaped filter plate and the microporous filter plate;

[0037] 1. Plate-type collection tank; 2. Fecal inlet; 3. Sewage outlet; 4. Solid slag outlet; 5. Debris inlet; 6. Arc-shaped filter plate; 7. Top cover; 8. Top cover; 9. Screw mixer; 10. Microporous filter plate; 11. Horizontal through hole; 12. Liquid chamber; 13. Semi-solid chamber; 14. Solid chamber; 15. Motor. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To enhance understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1: As Figures 1-7 As shown, a rapid fermentation system for organic waste based on aerobic microorganisms, utilizing "livestock manure + corn stalks," includes the following components:

[0040] I. Crushing Device: A blade crusher is selected to crush corn stalks into fragments with a particle size of 0.5-1cm. During the crushing process, an aerobic fermentation agent (containing ≥10 Bacillus subtilis) is added to the fragments at a ratio of 1:1000. 8 (CFU / g), mix thoroughly and store temporarily.

[0041] II. Organic waste rapid sorting device: The main body is provided with a fecal inlet 2 on the left side, and an inclined arc-shaped filter plate 6 is installed at the inlet to intercept solid residues in the feces; a closed liquid collection chamber is provided above the arc-shaped filter plate 6 to temporarily store the filtered liquid and semi-solid substances.

[0042] The main body is divided into three chambers from left to right: a liquid chamber 12, a semi-solid chamber 13, and a solid chamber 14. The semi-solid chamber 13 is L-shaped, and its left end is connected to the liquid collection chamber through a transverse through-hole 11. The bottom surface of the liquid chamber 12 is provided with a microporous filter plate 10, which is connected to the semi-solid chamber 13. The middle part of the liquid chamber 12 is connected to the sewage outlet 3. The solid chamber 14 has an L-shaped cross-section, and its left end is connected to the sewage inlet 2. The top is provided with a debris inlet 5, and the bottom is connected to the solid slag outlet 4 through a screw mixer 9. The rear end of the screw mixer 9 is connected to the motor 15.

[0043] The fecal inlet 2 is equipped with a top cover 7, and the liquid chamber 12, semi-solid chamber 13, and solid chamber 14 are equipped with top covers 8.

[0044] 3. Liquid fermentation tank: Add anaerobic fermentation bacteria (such as methanogens) to the tank in advance and check whether the stirring device is operating normally.

[0045] IV. Solid stratification treatment tank: Ensure that the ventilation device in the tank is in good working order and can maintain an oxygen concentration of 5-8%, and that the stratification partitions (each layer is 40cm high) are installed in place.

[0046] The workflow of this rapid fermentation system for organic waste based on aerobic microorganisms, utilizing "livestock manure + corn stalks":

[0047] I. Preparation of fibrous debris

[0048] The crushing device crushes the corn stalks into 2cm pieces, mixes them with aerobic fermentation bacteria at a ratio of 1:500, and then simultaneously introduces them into the solid chamber 14 through the stalk feed inlet 5.

[0049] II. Sorting and Mixing of Livestock Manure

[0050] Pig manure with a moisture content of 75% is introduced through manure inlet 2 and filtered by arc-shaped filter plate 6: liquid and small particles enter the liquid collection chamber through the first micropore, while solid residue (moisture content of 65%) slides into solid chamber 14.

[0051] The substances in the liquid collection chamber flow into the semi-solid chamber 13 (containing anaerobic fermentation bacteria) through the transverse through hole 11. After preliminary fermentation, the liquid part enters the liquid chamber 12 through the microporous filter plate 10 and finally flows into the liquid fermentation tank for treatment from the sewage outlet 3.

[0052] In the solid chamber 14, the starting motor 15 drives the screw mixer 9 to mix the solid residue of pig manure with straw fragments to form a mixed raw material with a moisture content of 40% and a carbon-nitrogen ratio of 25:1.

[0053] III. Solid-state fermentation and product processing

[0054] The mixed raw materials are discharged through the solid residue outlet 4, collected by the plate collection tank 1, and then sent to the solid stratification treatment tank. Aerobic fermentation is completed after 5 days. The solid residue after fermentation is directly spread on farmland; the product of the liquid fermentation tank is reclaimed water and a small amount of residue.

[0055] Conclusion: Through the staged filtration of the arc-shaped filter plate 6 and the microporous filter plate 10, the separation time of pig manure from "liquid-semi-solid-solid" is only about 15 minutes, and the moisture content of the solid residue is reduced from 65% to 40%, meeting the requirements of aerobic fermentation. In the solid chamber 14, the screw mixer 9 evenly mixes the manure and fiber fragments, simultaneously adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio. Combined with the aerobic environment of the solid stratified treatment tank, the fermentation cycle is shortened from the traditional 10 days to 5 days. After the manure water enters the liquid fermentation tank through the manure outlet 3, the water reuse rate reaches 85%; the organic matter content of the solid fermentation products is 38%, achieving "full resource utilization". The entire system requires no frequent manual intervention and can process 2 tons of pig manure + 1 ton of straw per day, suitable for small and medium-sized farms.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid fermentation system for organic waste based on aerobic microorganisms, characterized in that, Includes a rapid sorting device for organic waste, a crushing device, a liquid fermentation tank, and a solid stratification treatment tank; The crushing device is used to crush the collected fibrous organic matter and prepare the debris, which is mixed with aerobic fermentation bacteria for later use. The rapid sorting device for organic waste includes a manure inlet, a debris inlet, a solid slag outlet, and a wastewater outlet. The manure inlet is used to introduce poultry and livestock manure with high water content. The debris inlet is used to introduce fibrous organic debris mixed with aerobic fermentation bacteria. The solid slag outlet is equipped with several plate-type collection troughs, which are used to collect mixed organic waste with low water content. The inlet of the liquid fermentation tank is connected to the manure outlet of the rapid organic waste sorting device, and the solid stratification treatment tank is in an aerobic environment.

2. The rapid fermentation system for organic waste based on aerobic microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rapid sorting device for organic waste includes a main body, with a fecal inlet at the left end of the main body. An arc-shaped filter plate is provided at the fecal inlet, and the surface of the arc-shaped filter plate is provided with a first micropore. The arc-shaped filter plate is installed in an inclined manner inside the main body, and the height of the arc-shaped filter plate is higher as it gets closer to the inlet. The interior of the main body is provided with a liquid chamber, a semi-solid chamber and a solid chamber in sequence, and a closed liquid collection chamber is provided above the arc-shaped filter plate. The semi-solid chamber is L-shaped. The leftmost end of the semi-solid chamber is connected to the liquid collection chamber through a through hole. The bottom surface of the liquid chamber is connected to the semi-solid chamber through a microporous filter plate. The middle part of the liquid chamber is connected to the sewage outlet. The leftmost end of the solid chamber is connected to the fecal inlet. The top of the solid chamber is provided with a debris inlet. The bottom of the solid chamber is connected to the solid slag outlet through a screw mixer.

3. The rapid fermentation system for organic waste based on aerobic microorganisms according to claim 2, characterized in that, The microporous filter plate is provided with a second micropore, and the diameter of the first micropore is larger than the diameter of the second micropore.

4. The rapid fermentation system for organic waste based on aerobic microorganisms according to claim 2, characterized in that, The solid chamber has an L-shaped cross-section.

5. A rapid fermentation system for organic waste based on aerobic microorganisms according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The rear end of the screw mixer is connected to the motor, and the side of the motor is connected to the side of the main body.

6. The rapid fermentation system for organic waste based on aerobic microorganisms according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the fecal inlet is provided with an upper cover, and the top of the liquid chamber, semi-solid chamber and solid chamber is provided with a top cover, the height of which is higher than the height of the upper cover.

7. The rapid fermentation system for organic waste based on aerobic microorganisms according to claim 5, characterized in that, The semi-solid chamber contains anaerobic fermentation bacteria.

8. The rapid fermentation system for organic waste based on aerobic microorganisms according to claim 5, characterized in that, After aerobic fermentation of the solid residue in the solid stratification treatment tank, the treated solid residue is crushed and granulated to prepare organic fertilizer.

Images