Sheep manure organic fertilizer for improving mango quality and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of organic fertilizers, and particularly relates to a sheep manure organic fertilizer for improving mango quality and application thereof. The sheep manure organic fertilizer disclosed by the invention not only has a certain promotion effect on mango branch tip growth, flower formation promotion and the like, but also has a good effect on soil improvement and tree nutrient accumulation, improves soil hardening caused by long-term application of chemical fertilizer in a mango garden, improves soil fertility, maintains sustainable productivity, and has a good application prospect. The mango yield is continuously improved. The sheep manure organic fertilizer provided by the invention can improve soil fertility and ecology, can continuously improve mango yield and mango quality, has multiple positive influences on the mango industry, and provides a new technical scheme for promoting sustainable development of the mango industry and improving quality and efficiency of the mango industry.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of organic fertilizer, and particularly relates to sheep manure organic fertilizer for improving quality of mango and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional mango fertilizer does not consider soil differences (such as strong acidity in Hainan and neutral soil in Panzhihua) to cause nutrient imbalance; ordinary organic fertilizer is insufficient in trace nutrients and does not consider the nutrient demand of crops itself, which causes problems such as fruit cracking and low sugar content, and the continuous use of chemical fertilizer aggravates soil acidification, soil compaction, nutrient imbalance and the decline of mango quality. How to match the pH and nutrient abundance and deficiency characteristics of different production areas, how to release the aluminum toxicity of acid soil through organic-inorganic synergy, and how to optimize the calcium-magnesium ratio (Ca:Mg≈4.5:1) to improve the quality of mango are the problems that need to be considered and solved in the current research and development of mango organic fertilizer. SUMMARY

[0003] The application provides sheep manure organic fertilizer for improving quality of mango and application thereof, and calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer and nitro humic acid are used to synergistically reduce the content of active aluminum, so that the quality of mango is effectively improved.

[0004] The technical scheme of the application is implemented as follows:

[0005] The sheep manure organic fertilizer for improving quality of mango comprises the following components in parts by weight: 800 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 40-100 parts of urea, 30-60 parts of potassium chloride, 10-20 parts of superphosphate, 5 parts of calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 20 parts of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 5 parts of amino acid chelated microelement fertilizer and 20 parts of nitro humic acid.

[0006] Further, the sheep manure organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 800 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 40 parts of urea, 60 parts of potassium chloride, 20 parts of superphosphate, 5 parts of calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 20 parts of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 5 parts of amino acid chelated microelement fertilizer and 20 parts of nitro humic acid; or,

[0007] The sheep manure organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 800 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 60 parts of urea, 60 parts of potassium chloride, 20 parts of superphosphate, 5 parts of calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 20 parts of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 5 parts of amino acid chelated microelement fertilizer and 20 parts of nitro humic acid; or,

[0008] The sheep manure organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 800 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 100 parts of urea, 30 parts of potassium chloride, 10 parts of superphosphate, 5 parts of calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 20 parts of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 5 parts of amino acid chelated microelement fertilizer and 20 parts of nitro humic acid.

[0009] Further, the preparation method of the decomposed sheep manure comprises the following steps:

[0010] (1) After the dry sheep manure is crushed, mineral humic acid and yeast concentrate are added, and then water is added and mixed to obtain fermentation raw material.

[0011] (2) The mixed fermentation raw materials are piled up and fermented in sequence through room temperature fermentation, high temperature fermentation and medium temperature fermentation to obtain fermented materials. During the fermentation process, the temperature and oxygen supply are adjusted by turning the pile.

[0012] (3) The fermented material is crushed to obtain decomposed sheep manure.

[0013] Furthermore, in step (1), the amount of yeast concentrate added is 0.01-0.03% of the weight of dry sheep manure, and the weight of mineral humic acid is 10-15% of the weight of dry sheep manure; water is added to adjust the moisture content of the fermentation raw materials to 45-50%.

[0014] Furthermore, in step (2), the operation of the ambient temperature fermentation is as follows: the fermentation material is turned and moved by the turning and spraying device, and the fermentation temperature is controlled at 20-30℃ for 3 days. The ambient temperature fermentation stage is the first to third day of the fermentation step.

[0015] The high-temperature fermentation process is as follows: The fermentation material in the fermentation tank is aerated using an aeration device at a frequency of 1.5-2 hours per day, with an aeration rate of 10-20 myh per cubic meter of the mixed fermentation material. The high-temperature fermentation stage occurs on days 4-7 of the fermentation process, lasting a total of 4 days. On day 4, the temperature is controlled at 40-45°C and the moisture content at 45-50%. On days 5-7, the temperature is controlled at 56-65°C. When the moisture content of the fermentation material is ≤40% and / or the temperature is <56°C, the turning and spraying device is activated to replenish the fermentation material with yeast concentrate. When the temperature of the fermentation material is >65°C and / or the moisture content is ≥40%, the aeration device is activated and the aeration time is extended to 3-4 hours per day.

[0016] The mesophilic fermentation is also known as aging. The operation of the mesophilic fermentation stage is as follows: stop aeration, pile up the fermented material for aging, and when the temperature is ≤40℃, the fermentation ends and organic fertilizer is obtained. The time taken for the mesophilic fermentation stage is 26-30 days, and the pile is turned over every 10-15 days.

[0017] A method for preparing sheep manure organic fertilizer to improve mango quality includes the following steps:

[0018] (1) Sheep manure base is obtained by premixing well-rotted sheep manure with superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer;

[0019] (2) Dissolve urea and potassium chloride and spray them onto the sheep manure base, then mix well;

[0020] (3) Add nitrohumic acid and magnesium sulfate, and mix well;

[0021] (4) Add amino acid chelated micro-fertilizer and mix well;

[0022] (5) Add Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilage, and mix well;

[0023] (6) Granulation and drying are then obtained.

[0024] Furthermore, the Bacillus subtilis has the accession number CGMCC No. 20821, and the Bacillus mucilaginosus has the accession number CGMCC No. 24636.

[0025] Furthermore, in step (6), the granulation particle size is ≤4mm, and the granulation is dried at 60℃.

[0026] The above describes the application of sheep manure organic fertilizer in increasing mango yield.

[0027] The above describes the application of sheep manure organic fertilizer in improving mango quality.

[0028] Furthermore, the aforementioned sheep manure organic fertilizer can increase the soluble solids content of mangoes, reduce the titratable acid content, and / or significantly improve the solids-acid ratio.

[0029] The above describes the application of sheep manure organic fertilizer in reducing the content of active aluminum in soil.

[0030] The above describes the application of sheep manure organic fertilizer in soil improvement.

[0031] Furthermore, the aforementioned sheep manure organic fertilizer can improve soil fertility and alleviate soil compaction.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0033] The sheep manure organic fertilizer of this invention is formulated according to the soil characteristics of different production areas, achieving a high degree of matching between the fertilizer and the soil fertility status of the production area. For mango orchards where acidic soil is prevalent, an acidic soil remediation system is designed, improving soil fertility and reducing active aluminum content by more than 30%. Continuous application in Guangxi, Hainan, and Panzhihua, Sichuan, promotes mango shoot growth, encourages flowering, ensures uniform autumn shoot emergence, increases tree nutrient levels, produces thicker, darker green leaves, and improves fruit quality. Soluble solids content is increased by 1-2 percentage points compared to areas using traditional fertilization, titratable acid content is reduced, and the solid-acid ratio is significantly improved. Continuous application significantly enhances soil fertility, effectively increasing soil improvement benefits. Therefore, the sheep manure organic fertilizer of this invention not only promotes mango shoot growth and flowering, significantly improving mango fruit quality, but also demonstrates good effects on soil improvement and tree nutrient accumulation. Simultaneously, it overcomes continuous cropping obstacles, improves soil compaction caused by long-term chemical fertilizer application in mango orchards, enhances soil fertility, maintains sustainable productivity, and continuously increases mango yield. The sheep manure organic fertilizer described in this invention can improve soil fertility and ecology, continuously increase mango yield and quality, and have a multifaceted positive impact on the mango industry. It provides a new technical solution for promoting the sustainable development and quality improvement of the mango industry. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 Comparison of mango trees in the Sanya Experimental Zone, Hainan.

[0036] Figure 2 Comparison of mango trees in the Tiandong Experimental Zone of Guangxi.

[0037] Figure 3 Comparison of mango trees in the Panzhihua Experimental Zone, Sichuan Province. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] A sheep manure organic fertilizer for improving mango quality comprises the following components in parts by weight: 800 parts of well-rotted sheep manure, 40 parts of urea, 60 parts of potassium chloride, 20 parts of superphosphate, 5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 20 parts of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 5 parts of amino acid chelated micronutrient fertilizer, and 20 parts of nitrohumic acid.

[0041] The above-mentioned method for preparing organic fertilizer includes the following steps:

[0042] (1) Sheep manure base is obtained by premixing well-rotted sheep manure with superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer;

[0043] (2) Dissolve urea and potassium chloride and spray them onto the sheep manure base, then mix well;

[0044] (3) Add nitrohumic acid and magnesium sulfate, and mix well;

[0045] (4) Add amino acid chelated micro-fertilizer and mix well;

[0046] (5) Add Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilage, and mix well;

[0047] (6) Granulation, particle size ≤ 4mm;

[0048] (7) Dry at 60℃ to obtain.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] A sheep manure organic fertilizer for improving mango quality comprises the following components in parts by weight: 800 parts of well-rotted sheep manure, 60 parts of urea, 60 parts of potassium chloride, 20 parts of superphosphate, 5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 20 parts of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 5 parts of amino acid chelated micronutrient fertilizer, and 20 parts of nitrohumic acid.

[0051] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] A sheep manure organic fertilizer for improving mango quality comprises the following components in parts by weight: 800 parts of well-rotted sheep manure, 100 parts of urea, 30 parts of potassium chloride, 10 parts of superphosphate, 5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 20 parts of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 5 parts of amino acid chelated micronutrient fertilizer, and 20 parts of nitrohumic acid.

[0054] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0055] In the above embodiments, the *Bacillus subtilis* strain is deposited at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC), located at No. 3, Courtyard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, with accession number CGMCC No. 20821 and deposit date of September 25, 2020. The *Bacillus mucilaginosus* strain is deposited at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC), located at No. 3, Courtyard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, with accession number CGMCC No. 24636 and deposit date of April 6, 2022. Both strains were purchased from Hebei Agricultural University.

[0056] The preparation method of the aforementioned decomposed sheep manure includes the following steps:

[0057] (1) After the dry sheep manure is crushed, mineral humic acid and yeast concentrate are added, and then water is added and mixed to obtain fermentation raw material. The water content of the fermentation raw material is 45-50%. The yeast concentrate is purchased from Guangxi Yixianmei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The amount of yeast concentrate added is 0.01-0.03% of the weight of dry sheep manure, and the weight of mineral humic acid is 10-15% of the weight of dry sheep manure.

[0058] (2) The mixed fermentation raw materials are piled up and fermented in sequence through room temperature fermentation, high temperature fermentation and medium temperature fermentation to obtain fermented materials. During the fermentation process, the temperature and oxygen supply are adjusted by turning the pile.

[0059] The ambient temperature fermentation process is as follows: the fermentation material is turned and moved by a turning and spraying device, and the fermentation temperature is controlled at 20-30℃ for 3 days. The ambient temperature fermentation stage is the first to third day of the fermentation process.

[0060] The high-temperature fermentation process is as follows: The fermentation material in the fermentation tank is aerated using an aeration device at a frequency of 1.5-2 hours per day, with an aeration rate of 10-20 myh per cubic meter of the mixed fermentation material. The high-temperature fermentation stage occurs on days 4-7 of the fermentation process, lasting a total of 4 days. On day 4, the temperature is controlled at 40-45°C and the moisture content at 45-50%. On days 5-7, the temperature is controlled at 56-65°C. When the moisture content of the fermentation material is ≤40% and / or the temperature is <56°C, the turning and spraying device is activated to replenish the fermentation material with yeast concentrate. When the temperature of the fermentation material is >65°C and / or the moisture content is ≥40%, the aeration device is activated and the aeration time is extended to 3-4 hours per day.

[0061] The mesophilic fermentation is the aging process. The operation of the mesophilic fermentation stage is as follows: stop aeration, pile up the fermented material for aging, and when the temperature is ≤40℃, the fermentation ends and organic fertilizer is obtained. The time required for the mesophilic fermentation stage is 26-30 days, and the pile is turned over every 10-15 days. (3) The fermented material is crushed to obtain decomposed sheep manure.

[0062] The impact of sheep manure organic fertilizer on mango growth

[0063] (I) Formulation Design

[0064] A regional model was constructed, dividing mango producing areas into early-maturing areas (mainly Hainan Island), mid-maturing areas (mainly Guangxi and Yunnan), and late-maturing areas (mainly Panzhihua in Sichuan and Xingyi in Guizhou) based on environmental conditions such as soil and climate. Through multi-year, multi-location mango orchard soil surveys, different regions showed obvious fertility characteristics and nutrient content differences. Based on this, special fertilizer formulas for mango orchards in different regions were designed.

[0065] Set the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium ratio:

[0066] In the early-maturing region, the N:P₂O₅:K₂O:CaO:MgO ratio is 1:0.2:1.5:0.9:0.2.

[0067] In the intermediate-maturing zone, the ratio of N:P₂O₅:K₂O:CaO:MgO is 1:0.2:1.2:0.9:0.2.

[0068] In the late-maturing region, the N:P₂O₅:K₂O:CaO:MgO ratio is 1:0.2:1:0.9:0.2.

[0069] (II) Raw material composition (by weight)

[0070] Table 1. Proportions of sheep manure organic fertilizer in different regions

[0071] Components Early maturing area Medium maturing area Late maturing area Function description Rotting sheep manure 800 800 800 Organic matter carrier Urea 40 60 100 Adjusting total nitrogen Potassium chloride 60 60 30 Matching the difference of potassium demand in production area Superphosphate 20 20 10 Providing available phosphorus and sulfur Calcium magnesium phosphate 5 5 5 Slow-release calcium, magnesium and silicon, improving acidic soil Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 20 20 20 Supplementing magnesium element (MgO≥16.3%) Amino acid chelated microelement 5 5 5 Zn+B+Mn+Ca+Fe complex deficiency prevention Nitro humic acid 20 20 20 Chelating toxin, promoting the formation of granular structure

[0072] Field trials and demonstrations were conducted in Sanya, Hainan (early-maturing area), Tiandong, Guangxi (mid-maturing area), and Panzhihua, Sichuan (late-maturing area). The trial period covered the entire mango growing season, and included a dedicated organic fertilizer group, a traditional fertilization group (chemical fertilizer only, no organic fertilizer), a common organic fertilizer group (well-rotted sheep manure), and a control group (no fertilizer). Fertilizer was applied annually as basal fertilizer. After two consecutive seasons of application, mango fruit and soil samples were collected after the second mango harvest to compare the effects of different fertilizer applications on soil physicochemical properties, mango yield, and quality. The results are shown in Tables 2-4.

[0073] Five mangoes were randomly selected from each tree for fruit quality testing: the soluble solids content of the fruit was determined using an electronic refractometer, and the titratable acid content was determined using an acid-base titration method. The solids-acid ratio was calculated as follows: solids-acid ratio = soluble solids content / titratable acid content.

[0074] The active aluminum content in the soil was determined according to the "Soil Agricultural Chemical Analysis Method", and the reduction rate of active aluminum content relative to the blank control group was calculated: Reduction rate = (Active aluminum content in blank control group - Active aluminum content in fertilized group) / Active aluminum content in blank control group × 100%.

[0075] Table 2. Effects of different fertilizers on Golden Mango trees and soil (early maturing area)

[0076]

[0077] Table 3. Effects of different fertilizers on Guire 82 mango trees and soil (mid-maturing area)

[0078]

[0079] Table 4. Effects of different fertilizers on Kate mango trees and soil (late-maturing area)

[0080]

[0081] Experiments showed that the specialized organic fertilizer group exhibited significant advantages in all indicators. In Guangxi, Hainan, and Panzhihua, Sichuan, mango trees that underwent continuous application of this organic fertilizer showed uniform autumn shoot growth, increased tree nutrient levels, thicker, darker green leaves, and improved fruit quality. Soluble solids content increased by 1-2 percentage points compared to areas with traditional fertilization, titratable acid content decreased significantly, and the solid-acid ratio increased significantly. After one season of continuous application, soil improvement and tree nutrient accumulation showed good results. It also overcame continuous cropping obstacles, improved soil compaction caused by long-term chemical fertilizer application in mango orchards, enhanced soil fertility, maintained sustainable productivity, and enabled increased mango yield in the second year. The significantly improved soil fertility effectively enhanced the benefits of soil improvement. Therefore, the application of the mango-specific organic fertilizer described in this invention achieves a dual improvement in mango quality and soil fertility, providing a new approach to improving the quality and efficiency of the mango industry.

[0082] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sheep manure organic fertilizer for improving mango quality, characterized in that, The product contains the following components by weight: 800 parts well-rotted sheep manure, 40-100 parts urea, 30-60 parts potassium chloride, 10-20 parts superphosphate, 5 parts calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 20 parts magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 5 parts amino acid chelated micronutrient fertilizer, and 20 parts nitrohumic acid.

2. The sheep manure organic fertilizer for improving mango quality as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The formula comprises the following components in parts by weight: 800 parts well-rotted sheep manure, 40 parts urea, 60 parts potassium chloride, 20 parts superphosphate, 5 parts calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 20 parts magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 5 parts amino acid chelated micronutrient fertilizer, and 20 parts nitrohumic acid; or... The aforementioned sheep manure organic fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: 800 parts well-rotted sheep manure, 60 parts urea, 60 parts potassium chloride, 20 parts superphosphate, 5 parts calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 20 parts magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 5 parts amino acid chelated micronutrient fertilizer, and 20 parts nitrohumic acid; or... The sheep manure organic fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: 800 parts of well-rotted sheep manure, 100 parts of urea, 30 parts of potassium chloride, 10 parts of superphosphate, 5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 20 parts of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 5 parts of amino acid chelated micronutrient fertilizer, and 20 parts of nitrohumic acid.

3. The sheep manure organic fertilizer for improving mango quality as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the aforementioned decomposed sheep manure includes the following steps: (1) After the dry sheep manure is crushed, mineral humic acid and yeast concentrate are added, and then water is added and mixed to obtain fermentation raw material. (2) The mixed fermentation raw materials are piled up and fermented in sequence through room temperature fermentation, high temperature fermentation and medium temperature fermentation to obtain fermented materials. During the fermentation process, the temperature and oxygen supply are adjusted by turning the pile. (3) The fermented material is crushed to obtain decomposed sheep manure.

4. The sheep manure organic fertilizer for improving mango quality as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In step (1), the amount of yeast concentrate added is 0.01-0.03% of the weight of dry sheep manure, and the weight of mineral humic acid is 10-15% of the weight of dry sheep manure; water is added to adjust the moisture content of the fermentation raw material to 45-50%; in step (2), the operation of the ambient temperature fermentation is as follows: the fermentation material is turned and moved by the turning and spraying device, and the fermentation temperature is controlled at 20-30℃ for 3 days. The ambient temperature fermentation stage is the first to third day of the fermentation step. The high-temperature fermentation process is as follows: The fermentation material in the fermentation tank is aerated using an aeration device at a frequency of 1.5-2 hours per day, with an aeration rate of 10-20 myh per cubic meter of the mixed fermentation material. The high-temperature fermentation stage occurs on days 4-7 of the fermentation process, lasting a total of 4 days. On day 4, the temperature is controlled at 40-45°C and the moisture content at 45-50%. On days 5-7, the temperature is controlled at 56-65°C. When the moisture content of the fermentation material is ≤40% and / or the temperature is <56°C, the turning and spraying device is activated to replenish the fermentation material with yeast concentrate. When the temperature of the fermentation material is >65°C and / or the moisture content is ≥40%, the aeration device is activated and the aeration time is extended to 3-4 hours per day. The mesophilic fermentation is also known as aging. The operation of the mesophilic fermentation stage is as follows: stop aeration, pile up the fermented material for aging, and when the temperature is ≤40℃, the fermentation ends and organic fertilizer is obtained. The time taken for the mesophilic fermentation stage is 26-30 days, and the pile is turned over every 10-15 days.

5. The method for preparing sheep manure organic fertilizer to improve mango quality as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Sheep manure base is obtained by premixing well-rotted sheep manure with superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer; (2) Dissolve urea and potassium chloride and spray them onto the sheep manure base, then mix well; (3) Add nitrohumic acid and magnesium sulfate, and mix well; (4) Add amino acid chelated micro-fertilizer and mix well; (5) Add Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosus, and mix well; the Bacillus subtilis has the preservation number CGMCC No.20821 and the Bacillus mucilaginosus has the preservation number CGMCC No.24636. (6) Granulation and drying are then obtained.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step (6), the granulation particle size is ≤4mm and the granulation is dried at 60℃.

7. The application of sheep manure organic fertilizer as described in any one of claims 1-4 in increasing mango yield and / or improving mango quality.

8. The application as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The aforementioned sheep manure organic fertilizer can increase the soluble solids content of mangoes, reduce the titratable acid content, and / or significantly improve the solids-acid ratio.

9. The application of sheep manure organic fertilizer as described in any one of claims 1-4 in soil improvement and / or reduction of soil active aluminum content.

10. The application as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The aforementioned sheep manure organic fertilizer can improve soil fertility and alleviate soil compaction.

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