Automatic feeding device for biomass gasifier

Abstract

The automatic feeding device comprises a material conveying pipe, a driving motor is installed at one end of the material conveying pipe, the output end of the driving motor is connected with a material conveying mechanism installed in the material conveying pipe and used for conveying fuel, a feeding opening is formed in the upper side of the material conveying pipe and used for feeding, and a feeding opening is formed in the lower side of the material conveying pipe. A discharging opening is formed in the lower side of the end, away from the feeding opening, of the conveying pipe; and the conveying mechanism comprises a mounting rod, the interior of the mounting rod is hollow, and a fixed spiral blade is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the end, facing the driving motor, of the mounting rod. The device at least has the following beneficial effects that a complete conveying auger is composed of the fixed spiral blades and the movable spiral blades, the movable blocks are driven by air pressure to be in chain type linkage, the spiral blades are periodically separated and recombined, arch hard blocks are forcibly broken, and the sealing cavity cooperates with the air pump and the hydraulic rod; and reliable dredging under the working condition of large resistance is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of biomass gasification furnace technology, specifically to an automatic feeding device for a biomass gasification furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass gasification furnaces, as key equipment for renewable energy utilization, often use agricultural and forestry waste (such as straw, sawdust, rice husks, and cattle and sheep manure) as fuel. Traditional feeding devices mostly adopt an auger conveyor structure, but face two major bottlenecks in actual operation:

[0003] Arching and clogging problem: Due to uneven moisture and density, biomass fuel is prone to forming arches and hard lumps in the silo, which can block the material from falling and cause feeding interruption;

[0004] Adhesion film problem: Fuel particles adhere to the surface of the auger blades for a long time, forming a dense film, which reduces the conveying efficiency and is difficult to clean automatically.

[0005] While existing technologies attempt to alleviate blockages through vibrators or mechanical unblocking mechanisms, they cannot dynamically break through deep arched structures without shutting down the equipment and are prone to damaging it. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent device that can detect blockages in real time, autonomously unblock them, and maintain continuous feeding. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, this application provides an automatic feeding device for a biomass gasification furnace to solve the problems of material arching leading to blockage and film adhesion in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0008] An automatic feeding device for a biomass gasification furnace, comprising:

[0009] A conveying pipe is provided, with a drive motor installed at one end. The output end of the drive motor is connected to a conveying mechanism installed inside the conveying pipe to convey fuel. An inlet is installed on the upper side of the conveying pipe for feeding, and an outlet is installed on the lower side of the end of the conveying pipe away from the inlet.

[0010] The material conveying mechanism includes a mounting rod, the interior of which is hollow. A fixed spiral blade is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the mounting rod facing the drive motor, and a movable spiral blade is provided on the outer side of the mounting rod away from the drive motor. The movable spiral blade is spirally mounted on the outer side of the mounting rod and, together with the fixed spiral blade, forms a complete auger.

[0011] The outer side of the mounting rod is provided with several movable grooves, and a connecting block is slidably installed on the inner side of the movable groove. The connecting block is welded and fixed to the movable spiral blade. A movable block is welded and fixed on the inner side of the connecting block. The movable block is located on the inner side of the mounting rod and forms a sliding connection with the mounting rod. The movable block and the movable spiral blade are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. A spring is installed between adjacent movable blocks.

[0012] A blocking block is installed at the end of the movable block spring furthest from the drive motor. A sealing ring is installed on the outer side of the blocking block, which fits against the inner wall of the mounting rod. A blocking piston is installed inside the mounting rod on the side of the blocking block furthest from the drive motor. The blocking piston cannot be moved out of the mounting rod. A sealing ring is also installed on the outer side of the blocking piston. A sealed cavity is formed between the blocking block and the blocking piston. An installation housing is installed at the end of the conveying pipe furthest from the drive motor. An air pump is installed on the inner side of the installation housing to blow air into the sealed cavity.

[0013] Optionally, the end of the blocking piston away from the drive motor is also equipped with a hydraulic rod located inside the mounting housing.

[0014] Optionally, a pressure ring is also installed on the outer side of the end of the mounting rod away from the drive motor, and a pressure sensor is fitted onto the side of the pressure ring near the mounting housing.

[0015] Optionally, a limit block may also be fixedly installed on one side of the movable block.

[0016] Optionally, a blockage-clearing mechanism is installed on the inner side of the feed inlet to clear any blocked material inside the feed inlet.

[0017] Optionally, the blockage clearing mechanism includes a movable frame, which is slidably installed inside the feed inlet. A movable rod is slidably installed inside the movable frame. Several clearing blocks are installed at equal angles on the upper end of the movable rod, and the lower end of the movable rod is tapered.

[0018] Optionally, a lever is also fixedly installed at the lower end of the movable rod.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The complete conveying auger consists of fixed and moving spiral blades. Driven by air pressure, the moving blocks are linked in a chain, causing the spiral blades to periodically separate and recombine, forcibly breaking up the arched hard blocks. The sealed cavity works in conjunction with the air pump and hydraulic rod: when the air pressure is insufficient, the hydraulic rod pushes the blockage piston to increase the pressure, ensuring reliable unblocking under high resistance conditions.

[0021] 2. The pressure ring and pressure sensor detect the pressure at the end of the feed pipe in real time, accurately identify the location of the arch formation, and the PLC system automatically triggers the unblocking program to achieve "sensing-response" closed-loop control and avoid the lag of manual intervention.

[0022] 3. The blockage clearing mechanism uses the auger motion to drive the movable rod to rise and fall. When arching upwards, the clearing block impacts the material to promote flow. When falling, the lever rotates and stirs the material. This dual action breaks down the bridging blockage, converting mechanical energy into vibrational energy, and effectively disintegrating the adhered film. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more intuitively illustrate the prior art and this application, exemplary drawings are provided below. It should be understood that the specific shapes and structures shown in the drawings should not generally be regarded as limiting conditions for implementing this application; for example, based on the technical concept disclosed in this application and the exemplary drawings, those skilled in the art are able to easily make conventional adjustments or further optimizations to the addition / reduction / classification, specific shapes, positional relationships, connection methods, size ratios, etc. of certain units (components).

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of an automatic feeding device for a biomass gasification furnace provided in this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automatic feeding device for a biomass gasification furnace according to this application.

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of the conveying mechanism of an automatic feeding device for a biomass gasifier provided in this application;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of the connection between the limiting block and the movable block of an automatic feeding device for a biomass gasification furnace provided in this application;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the connection block and the movable trough of an automatic feeding device for a biomass gasification furnace provided in this application;

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of the connection between the hydraulic rod and the blocking piston in an automatic feeding device for a biomass gasification furnace provided in this application;

[0030] Figure 7 This application provides an overall cross-sectional view of the connection between the blockage clearing mechanism and the feed inlet of an automatic feeding device for a biomass gasification furnace.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0032] 1. Feeding pipe; 2. Feed inlet; 3. Discharge outlet; 4. Drive motor; 5. Feeding mechanism; 501. Mounting rod; 502. Fixed spiral blade; 503. Moving spiral blade; 504. Movable block; 505. Blocking block; 506. Blocking piston; 507. Movable groove; 508. Connecting block; 509. Limiting block; 6. Mounting housing; 7. Blocking cleaning mechanism; 701. Movable frame; 702. Movable rod; 703. Cleaning block; 704. Pulley; 8. Pressure ring; 9. Air pump; 10. Hydraulic rod. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-7 The present application will be further described in detail through specific embodiments.

[0034] The present invention provides an automatic feeding device for a biomass gasification furnace, comprising a feeding pipe 1, a drive motor 4 installed at one end of the feeding pipe 1, and a feeding mechanism 5 installed inside the feeding pipe 1 at the output end of the drive motor 4 for conveying fuel. A feeding port 2 is installed on the upper side of the feeding pipe 1 for feeding, and a discharging port 3 is installed on the lower side of the end of the feeding pipe 1 away from the feeding port 2. Biomass fuel (mainly agricultural and forestry waste and organic waste, including straw, sawdust, rice husk, forest waste, edible fungus residue, cattle and sheep manure and other renewable resources) is fed into the gasification furnace from the discharging port 3.

[0035] Specifically, when traditional screw conveyors transport biomass fuel, biomass pellets / crushed materials are prone to arching in the hopper due to differences in moisture and density, leading to material shortage. This can easily cause a mismatch between the gasifier's feed rate and the boiler's combustion requirements, affecting thermal efficiency.

[0036] To improve the above problems, the material conveying mechanism 5 includes a mounting rod 501, which is hollow inside. A fixed spiral blade 502 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the mounting rod 501 facing the drive motor 4, and a movable spiral blade 503 is provided on the outer side of the mounting rod 501 away from the drive motor 4. The movable spiral blade 503 is spirally mounted on the outer side of the mounting rod 501 and, together with the fixed spiral blade 502, forms a complete auger, which can transport fuel.

[0037] The outer side of the mounting rod 501 is provided with several movable slots 507. A connecting block 508 is slidably installed on the inner side of the movable slot 507. The connecting block 508 is welded and fixed to the movable spiral blade 503. A movable block 504 is welded and fixed on the inner side of the connecting block 508. The movable block 504 is located on the inner side of the mounting rod 501, and the movable block 504 and the mounting rod 501 are slidably connected. The movable block 504 and the movable spiral blade 503 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. A spring is installed between adjacent movable blocks 504.

[0038] To ensure that the movable block 504 can slide within the mounting rod 501, a blocking block 505 is installed at the spring end of the movable block 504 furthest from the drive motor 4. A sealing ring is installed on the outer side of the blocking block 505, which fits against the inner wall of the mounting rod 501. A blocking piston 506 is installed in the mounting rod 501 on the side of the blocking block 505 furthest from the drive motor 4. The blocking piston 506 cannot be moved out of the mounting rod 501. A sealing ring is also installed on the outer side of the blocking piston 506, so that there is a sealed cavity between the blocking block 505 and the blocking piston 506. An installation housing 6 is installed at the end of the feed pipe 1 furthest from the drive motor 4. An air pump 9 is installed inside the installation housing 6 to blow air into the sealed cavity.

[0039] Specifically, when the air pump 9 blows air into the sealed cavity, the block piston 506 cannot move out of the mounting rod 501, so that when a sufficiently large air pressure is generated in the sealed cavity, the blocking block 505 can only move towards the drive motor 4, thereby driving the spring to generate elastic potential energy and release it, thereby driving the adjacent movable block 504 to move, and driving each adjacent movable block 504 to move individually, thereby causing the connecting block 508 to drive the moving spiral blade 503 to move, causing the auger composed of each moving spiral blade 503 to disintegrate, and gaps appear between adjacent moving spiral blades 503, promoting the disintegration of the film formed by the material adhering to the surface of the moving spiral blades 503, or breaking the material hard blocks generated by the arching phenomenon, thereby ensuring that the material can be transported to the discharge port 3 for discharge in sufficient quantity;

[0040] The end of the blocking piston 506 away from the drive motor 4 is also equipped with a hydraulic rod 10 located inside the mounting housing 6. When the air pump 9 cannot push the blocking block 505 to move, the hydraulic rod 10 extends to push the blocking piston 506 toward the blocking block 505, thereby driving the moving spiral blade 503 to move.

[0041] To ensure that the phenomenon that the air pump 9 cannot drive the moving spiral blade 503 can be identified, a pressure ring 8 is also installed on the outer side of the end of the mounting rod 501 away from the drive motor 4. A pressure sensor is attached to the side of the pressure ring 8 near the mounting housing 6 to detect the pressure generated at the end of the mounting rod 501.

[0042] Specifically, when the material conveying mechanism 5 conveys material, if the material cannot fall into the discharge port 3 due to arching, this part of the material will gradually move towards the pressure ring 8 and gradually accumulate, thereby putting pressure on the pressure ring 8. When the pressure ring 8 moves towards the mounting housing 6, the pressure sensor detects the pressure and sends a signal to the PLC. The PLC transmits a signal to the hydraulic rod 10 and controls its start.

[0043] A limiting block 509 is also fixedly installed on one side of the movable block 504 to prevent the moving spiral blades 503 from being too close due to the distance between adjacent movable blocks 504, thereby preventing the moving spiral blades 503 from colliding. At the same time, after the hydraulic rod 10 is started, some moving spiral blades 503 may still be unable to move by relying on the elastic potential energy of the spring due to the hard block generated by the excessive arching phenomenon between adjacent units. In order to avoid the spring being damaged due to excessive compression, when the movable block 504 moves to a certain position, it first squeezes the limiting block 509 and makes it move.

[0044] A blockage clearing mechanism 7 is installed inside the feed inlet 2 to clear the blocked material inside the feed inlet 2. The blockage clearing mechanism 7 includes a movable frame 701, which is slidably installed inside the feed inlet 2. A movable rod 702 is slidably installed inside the movable frame 701. Several clearing blocks 703 are installed at equal angles on the upper end of the movable rod 702. The lower end of the movable rod 702 is tapered.

[0045] Specifically, during the material conveying process of the material conveying mechanism 5, the outer side of the moving spiral blade 503 will come into contact with the lower end of the movable rod 702, thereby arching the movable rod 702 upward, causing the cleaning block 703 to collide with the material on its upper side, so that the material can move downward after the collision, and when the cleaning block 703 moves downward due to its own weight, it collides with the inside of the feed inlet 2, thereby causing the feed inlet 2 to vibrate and promote the material to fall.

[0046] A lever 704 is also fixedly installed at the lower end of the movable rod 702. When the movable spiral blade 503 contacts the lower end of the movable rod 702, the lever 704 can be moved to make the movable rod 702 drive the cleaning block 703 to rotate and stir the material on the upper side of the feed port 2.

[0047] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way (as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features). For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described; these embodiments not explicitly written should also be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. An automatic feeding device for a biomass gasification furnace, characterized in that, include: A conveying pipe (1) is provided with a drive motor (4) installed at one end of the conveying pipe (1). The output end of the drive motor (4) is connected to a conveying mechanism (5) installed inside the conveying pipe (1) to convey fuel. An inlet (2) is installed on the upper side of the conveying pipe (1) for feeding. An outlet (3) is installed on the lower side of the end of the conveying pipe (1) away from the inlet (2). The material conveying mechanism (5) includes a mounting rod (501), the interior of which is hollow. A fixed spiral blade (502) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the end of the mounting rod (501) facing the drive motor (4), and a movable spiral blade (503) is provided on the end of the mounting rod (501) away from the drive motor (4). The movable spiral blade (503) is spirally mounted on the outer side of the mounting rod (501) and combined with the fixed spiral blade (502) to form a complete auger. The mounting rod (501) has several movable slots (507) on its outer side. A connecting block (508) is slidably installed on the inner side of the movable slot (507). The connecting block (508) is welded to the movable spiral blade (503). A movable block (504) is welded to the inner side of the connecting block (508). The movable block (504) is located inside the mounting rod (501) and is slidably connected to the mounting rod (501). The movable block (504) and the movable spiral blade (503) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. A spring is installed between adjacent movable blocks (504). A blocking block (505) is installed at the end of the spring of the movable block (504) furthest from the drive motor (4). A sealing ring is installed on the outer side of the blocking block (505) and fits against the inner wall of the mounting rod (501). A blocking piston (506) is installed in the mounting rod (501) on the side of the blocking block (505) furthest from the drive motor (4). The blocking piston (506) cannot be moved out of the mounting rod (501). A sealing ring is also installed on the outer side of the blocking piston (506). A sealed cavity is formed between the blocking block (505) and the blocking piston (506). An installation shell (6) is installed at the end of the conveying pipe (1) furthest from the drive motor (4). An air pump (9) is installed on the inner side of the installation shell (6) to blow air into the sealed cavity.

2. The automatic feeding device for a biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the blocking piston (506) away from the drive motor (4) is also equipped with a hydraulic rod (10) located inside the mounting housing (6).

3. An automatic feeding device for a biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure ring (8) is also installed on the outer side of the end of the mounting rod (501) away from the drive motor (4), and a pressure sensor is attached to the side of the pressure ring (8) close to the mounting housing (6).

4. An automatic feeding device for a biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, A limit block (509) is also fixedly installed on one side of the movable block (504).

5. An automatic feeding device for a biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, A blockage clearing mechanism (7) is installed on the inner side of the feed inlet (2) to clear the blockage of material in the feed inlet (2).

6. An automatic feeding device for a biomass gasification furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that, The blockage clearing mechanism (7) includes a movable frame (701), which is slidably installed inside the feed inlet (2). A movable rod (702) is slidably installed inside the movable frame (701). Several cleaning blocks (703) are installed at equal angles on the upper end of the movable rod (702), and the lower end of the movable rod (702) is tapered.

7. An automatic feeding device for a biomass gasification furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that, A lever (704) is also fixedly installed at the lower end of the movable lever (702).

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