Rare earth electrolysis device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrolysis devices, in particular to a rare earth electrolysis device which comprises an electrolysis furnace, an anode and a crucible arranged in the electrolysis furnace, a cathode device capable of lifting and rotating is arranged on the electrolysis furnace, L-shaped longitudinal guide plates are arranged on the two sides of the inner side of the electrolysis furnace, and upper T-shaped grooves are formed in the front sides of the longitudinal guide plates in a penetrating mode. T-shaped blocks are inserted into the inner sides of the upper T-shaped grooves correspondingly, the anodes are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the T-shaped blocks, limiting mechanisms used for limiting the positions of the T-shaped blocks are arranged on the longitudinal guide plates, and adjusting mechanisms used for adjusting the positions of the anodes are further arranged on the longitudinal guide plates. Limiting of the anodes on the two sides of the electrolytic furnace can be automatically relieved, then the old anodes are automatically pushed out, meanwhile, the new anodes are pushed in, and therefore automatic replacement of the anodes is achieved, manual disassembly and replacement are not needed, and the convenient performance of the device is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrolysis equipment technology, and more particularly to a rare earth electrolysis device. Background Technology

[0002] Rare earth elements are a collective term for seventeen metallic elements, including the lanthanides and scandium and yttrium, in the periodic table. The production of rare earth elements involves electrolytic refining, which uses crude rare earth metal as a soluble anode, a specially made pure rare earth metal as a cathode, and a suitable electrolyte for electrolysis. Essentially, an electric current passes through a crude rare earth metal rod, causing the rare earth metal to dissolve and then precipitate at the specially made cathode, thus achieving metal purification. Furthermore, a closed electrolytic cell under an inert atmosphere should be used during the electrolytic refining process to avoid the adverse effects of air and moisture.

[0003] Existing rare earth electrolysis equipment mainly consists of anodes, cathodes, and crucibles. However, existing rare earth electrolysis equipment has some problems in practical applications. Because existing electrolysis equipment requires the anode and cathode to be installed in different positions according to the design or electrolysis process requirements to adapt to different electrolysis conditions and improve electrolysis efficiency, the existing anode materials are worn out quickly during electrolysis and need to be replaced frequently. This frequent replacement not only increases production costs but also reduces the operating efficiency of the equipment. Currently, anode replacement is mainly carried out by manual disassembly and assembly, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but also prone to errors during operation, further affecting the continuity and stability of production.

[0004] Therefore, a rare earth electrolysis device was proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by proposing a rare earth electrolysis device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a rare earth electrolysis device, comprising an electrolysis furnace and an anode, and a crucible disposed in the electrolysis furnace. The electrolysis furnace is provided with a liftable and rotatable cathode. Both sides of the inner side of the electrolysis furnace are provided with L-shaped longitudinal guide plates. The front side of each longitudinal guide plate is provided with an upper T-shaped groove. A T-shaped block is inserted into the inner side of each upper T-shaped groove. The anode is fixedly connected to the bottom of the T-shaped block. The longitudinal guide plate is provided with a limiting mechanism for limiting the position of the T-shaped block, and an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the position of the anode. A pair of sliding grooves are provided at the top of the electrolysis furnace. A storage frame is slidably connected to the top of the electrolysis furnace. A moving mechanism for driving the storage frame to move laterally is provided in the sliding grooves. A replacement groove is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the storage frame. A replacement block is provided in the replacement groove. A replacement mechanism for driving the replacement block to automatically replace the anode is provided on the storage frame.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the replacement mechanism further includes an upper electric telescopic cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the top of the storage frame. The output end of the upper electric telescopic cylinder passes through the replacement groove and is fixedly connected to the top of the replacement block. The bottom end of the replacement block is provided with a bottom groove adapted to the longitudinal guide plate. A lower T-shaped groove is provided through the front side of the replacement block. A side electric telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the side wall of the storage frame. The output end of the side electric telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to an L-shaped push plate for pushing the anode in the lower T-shaped groove to move. A movable T-shaped groove is provided at the top of the storage frame.

[0008] In the above technical solution, a pushing groove is further provided at the rear end of the storage frame, and a pushing frame for pushing the anode in the storage frame is slidably connected to the inner side of the pushing groove. A lower electric telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the side wall of the storage frame, and the output end of the lower electric telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pushing frame.

[0009] In the above technical solution, side grooves are provided at both ends of the inner side of the electrolytic furnace, and rear grooves are provided at the rear side of each side groove. The longitudinal guide plates are all set in the side grooves, and the top two sides of the replacement block are inclined.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the limiting mechanism further includes a limiting rod, an L-shaped cavity is formed on the side wall of the upper T-shaped groove, the limiting rod is laterally slidably connected to the inside of the L-shaped cavity, a limiting groove adapted to the limiting rod is formed on the side wall of the T-shaped block, a top groove is formed at the top of the limiting rod, the top groove is inclined on the side away from the T-shaped block, a cross is longitudinally slidably connected to the inside of the L-shaped cavity, the bottom of the cross is inclined and the bottom end of the cross is inserted into the inside of the top groove, and the top of the cross is set through the top of the longitudinal guide plate.

[0011] In the above technical solution, a pair of upper springs are fixedly connected between the top of the cross and the top of the L-shaped cavity, and a lower spring is fixedly connected between the side wall of the limiting rod and the inner side of the L-shaped cavity.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the adjusting mechanism further includes a transverse guide plate, guide rings are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the electrolytic furnace, a pair of transverse guide plates are provided, and the transverse guide plates are laterally slidably connected to the top of the electrolytic furnace relative to the inner side of the guide rings. The longitudinal guide plates are slidably connected to the top of the transverse guide plates, and side plates are fixedly connected to the top of the longitudinal guide plates. A cavity is opened inside the transverse guide plate, and a straight rod is slidably connected to the front side of the transverse guide plate. A pair of guide plates are fixedly connected to the side wall of the straight rod, and a positioning rod is slidably connected to the side wall of the straight rod relative to the guide plates. A release groove is opened at the top of the straight rod, and the release groove is inclined on the side away from the transverse guide plate. An upper slot adapted to the straight rod is opened on the inner side of the guide ring, and an L-shaped lower slot for inserting the positioning rod is opened on the front side of the longitudinal guide plate.

[0013] In the above technical solution, further, a rear block is fixedly connected to the rear side of the longitudinal guide plate relative to the top of the electrolytic furnace, a pair of first springs are fixedly connected between the cavity and the side wall of the guide plate, a second spring is fixedly connected between the outer wall of the positioning rod and the side wall of the guide plate, the rear end of the straight rod is inclined, an upper reset spring is fixedly connected between the outer wall of the longitudinal guide plate and the top of the transverse guide plate, and a lower reset spring is fixedly connected between the side wall of the transverse guide plate and the side wall of the guide ring.

[0014] In the above technical solution, furthermore, release rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the outer wall of the storage frame relative to the position next to the release groove, and round rods are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the release rods.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention, through the setting of structures such as longitudinal guide plates, storage frames, limiting mechanisms and replacement mechanisms, can automatically release the limiting of the anodes on both sides of the electrolytic furnace, and then automatically push out the old anodes and push in the new anodes, thereby realizing the automatic replacement of the anodes without the need for workers to disassemble and replace them, greatly improving the convenience of the device.

[0016] 2. By adjusting the mechanism, the present invention can automatically adjust the position of the transverse and longitudinal guide plates of the anode, so that the anode can be adjusted to a position below the cathode. This allows the anode and cathode to be installed in different positions according to the requirements of the electrolysis process, improving the flexibility of the device. Furthermore, when the anode needs to be replaced, the replacement mechanism can quickly reset the anode for replacement. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front perspective view of the electrolysis device of the present invention; Figure 2 Appendix of the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a frontal full-section three-dimensional structural diagram of the electrolysis device of the present invention; Figure 4 Appendix of the present invention Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance structure of the storage frame, longitudinal guide plate, and anode of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the storage frame and anode separation structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance structure of the longitudinal guide plate, transverse guide plate, and anode of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cross, limiting rod, and T-block of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a top-view full-section three-dimensional structural diagram of the transverse guide plate of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Electrolytic furnace; 2. Crucible; 3. Cathode; 4. Anode; 5. Longitudinal guide plate; 6. Upper T-slot; 7. T-block; 8. Slide rail; 9. Storage frame; 10. Moving mechanism; 11. Replacement slot; 12. Replacement block; 13. Upper electric telescopic cylinder; 14. Lower T-slot; 15. Side electric telescopic cylinder; 16. L-shaped push plate; 17. Pushing trough; 18. Pushing frame; 19. Lower electric telescopic cylinder; 20. Side slot; 21. Rear slot; 22. Limiting rod; 23. L-shaped cavity; 4. Limiting groove; 25. Top groove; 26. Cross; 27. Upper spring; 28. Lower spring; 29. ​​Moving T-slot; 30. Horizontal guide plate; 31. Guide ring; 32. Side plate; 33. Straight rod; 34. Guide plate; 35. Positioning rod; 36. Release groove; 37. Upper locking groove; 38. L-shaped lower locking groove; 39. Rear block; 40. First spring; 41. Second spring; 42. Release rod; 43. Round rod; 44. Upper reset spring; 45. Lower reset spring; 46. Bottom groove. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] In practical use, it was found that the existing rare earth electrolysis equipment has some problems. The existing anode material 4 is consumed quickly during the electrolysis process and needs to be replaced frequently. This frequent replacement not only increases the production cost, but also reduces the operating efficiency of the equipment. At present, the replacement of anode 4 is mainly carried out by manual disassembly and assembly. This method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also prone to errors during operation, which further affects the continuity and stability of production. In order to solve the above problems, the following structure is invented.

[0022] like Figures 1-9 The rare earth electrolysis apparatus shown includes an electrolysis furnace 1 and an anode 4, as well as a crucible 2 disposed in the electrolysis furnace 1. The electrolysis furnace 1 is equipped with a liftable and rotatable cathode 3. L-shaped longitudinal guide plates 5 are provided on both inner sides of the electrolysis furnace 1. Upper T-shaped grooves 6 are opened through the front of each longitudinal guide plate 5. T-shaped blocks 7 are inserted into the inner sides of each upper T-shaped groove 6. The anode 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the T-shaped blocks 7. The longitudinal guide plates 5 are equipped with limiting mechanisms for restricting the position of the T-shaped blocks 7, and also with adjusting mechanisms for adjusting the position of the anode 4. A pair of sliding grooves 8 are opened at the top of the electrolysis furnace 1. A storage frame 9 is slidably connected to the top of the electrolytic furnace 1. A moving mechanism 10 for driving the storage frame 9 to move laterally is provided in the sliding groove 8. The moving mechanism 10 is mainly composed of a motor, a lead screw and a moving block. It can drive the storage frame 9 to move laterally on the electrolytic furnace 1, which facilitates the automatic replacement of the anodes 4 on both sides. This is a mature technology in the prior art and will not be described in detail here. A replacement groove 11 is opened in the middle of the bottom of the storage frame 9. A replacement block 12 is provided in the replacement groove 11. A replacement mechanism for driving the replacement block 12 to run and automatically replace the anodes 4 is provided on the storage frame 9. The replacement mechanism includes an upper electric telescopic cylinder 13, which is fixedly connected to the top of the storage frame 9. The output end of the upper electric telescopic cylinder 13 passes through the replacement groove 11 and is fixedly connected to the top of the replacement block 12. The bottom end of the replacement block 12 is provided with a bottom groove 46 that is adapted to the longitudinal guide plate 5. The front side of the replacement block 12 is provided with a lower T-shaped groove 14. The side electric telescopic cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the storage frame 9. The output end of the side electric telescopic cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to an L-shaped push plate 16 for pushing the anode 4 in the lower T-shaped groove 14 to move. The top of the storage frame 9 is provided with a movable T-shaped groove 29. The design of the movable T-shaped groove 29 facilitates the guiding and limiting function of the T-shaped block 7 on the anode 4 stored in the storage frame 9. The storage frame 9 has a pusher groove 17 at the rear end. The pusher rack 18 for pushing the anode 4 in the storage frame 9 is slidably connected to the inside of the pusher groove 17. The top of the side wall of the storage frame 9 is fixedly connected to the lower electric telescopic cylinder 19. The output end of the lower electric telescopic cylinder 19 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pusher rack 18. It should be noted that there is a gap between the position of the replacement block 12 inserted on the longitudinal guide plate 5 and the electrolytic furnace 1, so as to ensure the normal movement of the pusher rack 18 and not to obstruct the forward operation of the device due to the pusher rack 18. Side grooves 20 are provided at both ends of the inner side of the electrolytic furnace 1, and rear grooves 21 are provided at the rear of the side grooves 20. The rear grooves 21 are designed to facilitate the movement of the pusher 18 when the storage frame 9 moves to the longitudinal guide plate 5. The longitudinal guide plate 5 is set in the side grooves 20. The top of the replacement block 12 is inclined on both sides to facilitate the squeezing of the anode 4 that has been exposed in the replacement groove 11 into the storage frame 9. (It should be noted that the squeezing is only to prevent the lower electric telescopic cylinder 19 from driving the pusher 18 to push the anode 4 out too much, which would affect the normal reset of the replacement block 12. Magnets are provided in the moving T-groove 29 and the lower T-groove 14 in the storage frame 9, and the T-block 7 on the anode 4 is made of iron to ensure the stability of the position of the anode 4 in the storage frame 9 after the replacement block 12 is removed from the replacement groove 11.) The limiting mechanism includes a limiting rod 22, an L-shaped cavity 23 is opened on the side wall of the upper T-shaped groove 6, the limiting rod 22 is laterally slidably connected to the inside of the L-shaped cavity 23, the side wall of the T-shaped block 7 is opened with a limiting groove 24 that matches the limiting rod 22, the top of the limiting rod 22 is opened with a top groove 25, the top groove 25 is inclined on the side away from the T-shaped block 7, a cross 26 is longitudinally slidably connected to the inside of the L-shaped cavity 23, the bottom of the cross 26 is inclined and the bottom end of the cross 26 is inserted into the inside of the top groove 25, and the top of the cross 26 is set through the top of the longitudinal guide plate 5. A pair of upper springs 27 are fixedly connected between the top of the cross 26 and the top of the L-shaped cavity 23, and a lower spring 28 is fixedly connected between the side wall of the limiting rod 22 and the inside of the L-shaped cavity 23. When in use, the cathode rod on the cathode 3 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, and the longitudinal guide plate 5 and the transverse guide plate 30, which are connected to the anode 4, are connected to the positive terminal of the power supply. Current is passed through to electrolyze the molten rare earth oxides. When the crucible 2 is full and the material is discharged, it is necessary to control the cathode 3 to rise and rotate the cathode rod away to avoid obstructing the lifting of the crucible 2. Then the crucible 2 can be clamped out. Before use, the new anode 4 needs to be inserted from the rear end of the storage box 9, and the T-shaped block 7 on the anode 4 needs to be inserted into the moving T-shaped groove 29 until it is full, and the anode 4 at the front end needs to be located in the replacement block 12 (the T-shaped block 7 should not protrude from the bottom groove 46). When the anode 4 needs to be replaced, the upper electric telescopic cylinder 13 can be controlled to start and drive the replacement block 12 to move down, and at the same time drive the T-shaped block 7 and anode 4 in the lower T-shaped groove 14 to move down. Then the bottom groove 46 of the replacement block 12 is inserted into both sides of the longitudinal guide plate 5. At the same time, the bottom groove 46 will press the cross 26 to move down, and stretch the upper spring 27. Then, the inclined surface at the bottom end of the cross 26 will press the inclined surface of the top groove 25, so that the limiting rod 22 moves laterally in the L-shaped cavity 23, thereby pulling the limiting rod 22 out of the limiting groove 24 on the T-shaped block 7, and compressing the lower spring 28. Then, the side electric telescopic cylinder 15 can be started to drive the L-shaped push plate 16 to move, thereby pushing the T-shaped block 7 in the lower T-shaped groove 14 to move through the L-shaped push plate 16. At the same time, the T-shaped block 7 and the old anode 4 on the longitudinal guide plate 5 are squeezed and moved. Then, the new anode 4 moves below the longitudinal guide plate 5, and the T-shaped block 7 on the new anode 4 is pushed into the upper T-shaped groove 6. The old anode 4 and the T-shaped block 7 are pushed into the lower T-shaped groove 14 on the other side of the replacement block 12. Then, the upper electric telescopic cylinder 13 can be controlled to reset, and the replacement block 12 is driven to reset. When the moving T-shaped groove 29 is aligned with the lower T-shaped groove 14 (in this process, the compression of the cross 26 will be released, and the above operation will be repeated in reverse to restrict the position of the anode 4), the side electric telescopic cylinder 15 can be started again to push the old anode 4 replaced in the replacement block 12 into the other side of the storage frame 9 for collection. Then, control the lower electric telescopic cylinder 19 to start and drive the pusher 18 to slide in the pusher groove 17, thereby pushing the new anode 4 stored in the storage frame 9 into the lower T-shaped groove 14 in the replacement block 12. Finally, control the moving mechanism 10 to start and move the storage frame 9 to the anode 4 on the other side to repeat the above operation for replacement. (It should be noted that the cathode 3 needs to be controlled first to move the cathode rod out of the electrolysis furnace 1. During the operation of the moving mechanism 10, the side electric telescopic cylinder 15 needs to be controlled to reset, and the L-shaped pusher 16 on the side electric telescopic cylinder 15 will move to the position between the replacement block 12 and the inner side of the electrolysis furnace 1, without being obstructed.) This realizes the automatic disassembly and replacement of the anode 4.

[0023] In summary, the above-described structure design automatically releases the limiting positions of the anodes 4 on both sides of the electrolytic furnace 1, then automatically pushes out the old anode 4 and pushes in the new anode 4, thereby achieving automatic replacement of the anode 4 without the need for workers to disassemble and replace it, greatly improving the convenience of the device.

[0024] Based on the above embodiments, it was found during use that in some electrolytic furnace 1 designs, the cathode is located at the top of the electrolytic furnace 1, while the anode 4 is located at the bottom of the electrolytic furnace 1. This configuration helps rare earth metals to deposit on the cathode (it should be noted that a flow guiding structure needs to be set on the cathode to ensure that the rare earth metal droplets fall into the crucible 2 for collection), and it can make it easier for rare earth ions in the electrolyte to reach the cathode. Another common configuration is that the cathode is located at the bottom of the electrolytic furnace 1, while the anode 4 is installed on the side of the electrolytic furnace 1. This design helps rare earth metals to deposit at the bottom and can improve electrolysis efficiency. The above structure can only automatically replace the anode 4 in a fixed position, which is relatively limited. To solve the above problems, the above structure has been further improved.

[0025] The adjustment mechanism includes a transverse guide plate 30. Guide rings 31 are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the electrolytic furnace 1. A pair of transverse guide plates 30 are provided, and the transverse guide plates 30 are slidably connected to the top of the electrolytic furnace 1 relative to the inner side of the guide rings 31. The longitudinal guide plates 5 are slidably connected to the top of the transverse guide plates 30. A side plate 32 is fixedly connected to the top of the longitudinal guide plates 5. A cavity is opened inside the transverse guide plate 30. A straight rod 33 is slidably connected to the front side of the transverse guide plate 30. A pair of guide plates 34 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the straight rod 33. A positioning rod 35 is slidably connected to the side wall of the straight rod 33 relative to the guide plates 34. A release groove 36 is opened at the top of the straight rod 33, and the release groove 36 is inclined on the side away from the transverse guide plate 30. An upper slot 37 that matches the straight rod 33 is opened on the inner side of the guide ring 31. An L-shaped lower slot 38 for the insertion of the positioning rod 35 is opened on the front side of the longitudinal guide plate 5. A rear block 39 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the longitudinal guide plate 5 relative to the top of the electrolytic furnace 1. A pair of first springs 40 are fixedly connected between the cavity and the side wall of the guide plate 34. A second spring 41 is fixedly connected between the outer wall of the positioning rod 35 and the side wall of the guide plate 34. The rear end of the straight rod 33 is inclined. An upper reset spring 44 is fixedly connected between the outer wall of the longitudinal guide plate 5 and the top of the transverse guide plate 30. A lower reset spring 45 is fixedly connected between the side wall of the transverse guide plate 30 and the side wall of the guide ring 31. Release rods 42 are fixedly connected to both sides of the outer wall of storage frame 9 relative to the release groove 36, and round rods 43 are fixedly connected to the bottom of release rods 42. When the position of anode 4 needs to be changed according to the electrolysis process, firstly, the cathode 3 is controlled to move the cathode rod out of the electrolysis furnace 1. Then, the moving mechanism 10 is controlled to start and drive the replacement block 12 on the storage frame 9 to move above the longitudinal guide plate 5. Subsequently, the upper electric telescopic cylinder 13 drives the replacement block 12 to move above the longitudinal guide plate 5, and the longitudinal guide plate 5 is placed next to the side plate 32. Then, the upper electric telescopic cylinder 13 continues to move, driving the replacement block 12 to press the longitudinal guide plate 5 downward, and at the same time, it drives the anode 4 to move downward, and gradually compresses the upper reset spring 44. Then, when the lower slot 38 on the longitudinal guide plate 5 moves to the side of the positioning rod 35, it will release the compression on the side end of the positioning rod 35. Then, under the elastic force of the second spring 41, it pushes the side end of the positioning rod 35 into the lower slot 38, restricting the vertical sliding position of the longitudinal guide plate 5. Then, the moving mechanism 10 can be controlled to start and drive the storage frame 9 to move in the opposite direction, so that the replacement block 12 pushes the side plate 32 to drive the longitudinal guide plate 5 and the transverse guide plate 30 to move laterally on the electrolysis furnace 1, thereby driving the anode 4 to move laterally. During this process, the lower return spring 45 is gradually compressed, which in turn moves the straight rod 33 to the side of the guide ring 31. At this time, the inclined surface at the rear end of the straight rod 33 is squeezed by the side wall of the guide ring 31, which pushes the straight rod 33 forward and compresses the first spring 40 (at this time, the positioning rod 35 will slide in the L-shaped lower slot 38, but the positioning rod 35 will not move out from the lateral end of the L-shaped lower slot 38, thus releasing the restriction on the positioning rod 35). Subsequently, when the straight rod 33 moves to the side of the upper slot 37, the compression on the straight rod 33 is released. Then, under the elastic force of the first spring 40, the guide plate 34 and the straight rod 33 are pushed to move, so that the rear end of the straight rod 33 is inserted into the upper slot 37, thereby restricting the sliding position of the lateral guide plate 30, thus completing the rapid adjustment of the position of the anode 4. When the cathode 3 is inserted later, it can be aligned with the cathode rod for electrolysis. When it is necessary to replace the anode 4 located at the bottom, the moving mechanism 10 can be controlled to drive the storage frame 9 to move, so that one of the release rods 42 on both sides of the storage frame 9 moves above the straight rod 33, thereby driving the round rod 43 to insert into the release groove 36. The round rod 43 presses the inclined surface of the release groove 36, causing the straight rod 33 to slide forward. At this time, the straight rod 33 will slide out of the upper slot 37, compressing the first spring 40 and driving the positioning rod 35 to move out from the lateral end of the L-shaped lower slot 38, thereby releasing the sliding restriction on the longitudinal guide plate 5. Subsequently, under the elastic force of the upper reset spring 44 and the lower reset spring 45, the longitudinal guide plate 5 and the lateral guide plate 30 are pushed to reset, thereby driving the anode 4 to reset. After reset, the rear block 39 will restrict the downward movement of the longitudinal guide plate 5, thereby ensuring the position of the T-shaped block 7 and ensuring the normal operation of the anode 4 replacement mechanism.

[0026] In summary, through the design of the above structure, the positions of the transverse guide plate 30 and the longitudinal guide plate 5 of the automatically replaceable anode 4 can be automatically adjusted, so that the anode 4 can be adjusted to a position below the cathode. In this way, the anode 4 and the cathode can be installed in different positions according to the requirements of the electrolysis process, improving the flexibility of the device. Furthermore, when the anode 4 needs to be replaced, the replacement mechanism can quickly reset the anode 4 for replacement.

[0027] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention.

[0028] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A rare earth electrolysis apparatus, comprising an electrolysis furnace (1) and an anode (4), and a crucible (2) disposed in the electrolysis furnace (1), wherein the electrolysis furnace (1) is provided with a liftable and rotatable cathode (3), characterized in that: The electrolytic furnace (1) has L-shaped longitudinal guide plates (5) on both sides of its inner side. The front side of the longitudinal guide plates (5) is provided with an upper T-shaped groove (6). The inner side of the upper T-shaped groove (6) is provided with a T-shaped block (7). The anode (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the T-shaped block (7). The longitudinal guide plate (5) is provided with a limiting mechanism for limiting the position of the T-shaped block (7) and an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the position of the anode (4). The top of the electrolytic furnace (1) is provided with a pair of sliding grooves (8). The top of the electrolytic furnace (1) is slidably connected with a storage frame (9). The sliding groove (8) is provided with a moving mechanism (10) for driving the storage frame (9) to move laterally. The storage frame (9) is provided with a replacement groove (11) in the middle of its bottom end. The replacement groove (11) is provided with a replacement block (12). The storage frame (9) is provided with a replacement mechanism for driving the replacement block (12) to automatically replace the anode (4).

2. The rare earth electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The replacement mechanism includes an upper electric telescopic cylinder (13), which is fixedly connected to the top of the storage frame (9). The output end of the upper electric telescopic cylinder (13) passes through the replacement groove (11) and is fixedly connected to the top of the replacement block (12). The bottom end of the replacement block (12) is provided with a bottom groove (46) that is adapted to the longitudinal guide plate (5). The front side of the replacement block (12) is provided with a lower T-shaped groove (14). The side wall of the storage frame (9) is fixedly connected with a side electric telescopic cylinder (15). The output end of the side electric telescopic cylinder (15) is fixedly connected with an L-shaped push plate (16) for pushing the anode (4) in the lower T-shaped groove (14) to move. The top of the storage frame (9) is provided with a movable T-shaped groove (29).

3. The rare earth electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage frame (9) has a pusher groove (17) at its rear end. The pusher groove (17) is slidably connected to a pusher frame (18) for pushing the anode (4) inside the storage frame (9) to move. The top of the side wall of the storage frame (9) is fixedly connected to a lower electric telescopic cylinder (19). The output end of the lower electric telescopic cylinder (19) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pusher frame (18).

4. The rare earth electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic furnace (1) has side grooves (20) at both ends of its inner side, and a rear groove (21) is provided on the rear side of each side groove (20). The longitudinal guide plate (5) is provided in the side groove (20), and the top two sides of the replacement block (12) are inclined.

5. The rare earth electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism includes a limiting rod (22), an L-shaped cavity (23) is provided on the side wall of the upper T-shaped groove (6), the limiting rod (22) is laterally slidably connected to the inside of the L-shaped cavity (23), the side wall of the T-shaped block (7) is provided with a limiting groove (24) that is adapted to the limiting rod (22), the top of the limiting rod (22) is provided with a top groove (25), the top groove (25) is inclined on the side away from the T-shaped block (7), a cross (26) is longitudinally slidably connected to the inside of the L-shaped cavity (23), the bottom of the cross (26) is inclined, and the bottom end of the cross (26) is inserted into the inside of the top groove (25), and the top of the cross (26) is provided through the top of the longitudinal guide plate (5).

6. The rare earth electrolysis device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A pair of upper springs (27) are fixedly connected between the top of the cross (26) and the top of the L-shaped cavity (23), and a lower spring (28) is fixedly connected between the side wall of the limiting rod (22) and the inside of the L-shaped cavity (23).

7. The rare earth electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes a transverse guide plate (30). Guide rings (31) are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the electrolytic furnace (1). A pair of transverse guide plates (30) are provided, and the transverse guide plates (30) are laterally slidably connected to the top of the electrolytic furnace (1) relative to the inner side of the guide rings (31). Vertical guide plates (5) are slidably connected through the top of the transverse guide plates (30). A side plate (32) is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical guide plate (5). A cavity is opened inside the transverse guide plate (30). A side plate (32) is slidably connected through the front side of the transverse guide plate (30). A straight rod (33) is fixedly connected to a pair of guide plates (34) on its side wall. A positioning rod (35) is slidably connected between the side wall of the straight rod (33) and the guide plates (34). A release groove (36) is provided at the top of the straight rod (33), and the release groove (36) is inclined on the side away from the transverse guide plate (30). An upper slot (37) adapted to the straight rod (33) is provided on the inner side of the guide ring (31). An L-shaped lower slot (38) for the insertion of the positioning rod (35) is provided on the front side of the longitudinal guide plate (5).

8. A rare earth electrolysis device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A rear block (39) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the longitudinal guide plate (5) relative to the top of the electrolytic furnace (1). A pair of first springs (40) are fixedly connected between the cavity and the side wall of the guide plate (34). A second spring (41) is fixedly connected between the outer wall of the positioning rod (35) and the side wall of the guide plate (34). The rear end of the straight rod (33) is inclined. An upper reset spring (44) is fixedly connected between the outer wall of the longitudinal guide plate (5) and the top of the transverse guide plate (30). A lower reset spring (45) is fixedly connected between the side wall of the transverse guide plate (30) and the side wall of the guide ring (31).

9. A rare earth electrolysis device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both sides of the outer wall of the storage frame (9) are fixedly connected to release rods (42) at positions relative to the release groove (36), and the bottom ends of the release rods (42) are fixedly connected to round rods (43).

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