Novel anti-collision guardrail applied to concrete bridge and mounting method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge engineering, in particular to a novel anti-collision guardrail applied to a concrete bridge and a mounting method.The novel anti-collision guardrail comprises a concrete support, an energy absorption steering sleeve, a base unit fixed to a bridge floor and an anti-collision steel baffle, and the energy absorption steering sleeve is fixed to the concrete support through a wheel shaft; the anti-collision steel baffle is connected with the base unit through a rotating shaft, and at least two sets of buffer springs are arranged between the anti-collision steel baffle and the base unit. Most collision energy is resolved by combining the energy conversion of collision climbing of the wall type guardrail and the absorption capacity of the high-performance buffer material, meanwhile, the collision angle of an out-of-control vehicle is adjusted through the sleeve, the vehicle is guided to steer in a milder mode, and the loss of people, vehicles and bridge guardrails caused by collision is reduced as much as possible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge engineering technology, specifically a novel anti-collision guardrail and its installation method for concrete bridges. Technical Background Bridge railings are protective barriers installed on bridges to safeguard personal safety and equipment. Their purpose is to prevent out-of-control vehicles from leaving the bridge, preventing vehicles from breaking through, passing under, or overturning the bridge, and also enhancing the bridge's aesthetics. Based on structural characteristics, they can be divided into beam-column type (metal and concrete) railings, reinforced concrete wall type railings, and composite railings. Existing concrete wall type bridge railings consist of an upper retaining wall section and a lower sloping base unit, forming a rigid crash barrier structure. They prevent out-of-control vehicles from leaving the bridge or entering the oncoming lane, guide vehicles to climb and rebound during collisions to absorb and convert collision energy, reducing impact injuries to vehicles and occupants. The selection of bridge railing type should first consider the highway grade, comprehensively taking into account safety, compatibility, the characteristics of the protected objects, and site geometry to determine the crashworthiness level. Then, the structural form should be selected based on factors such as the railing's structure, economy, construction, and maintenance.

[0002] Choosing appropriate highway guardrails to maximize their function in protecting occupants and reducing accident casualties is of great significance. Currently, most reinforced concrete wall-type guardrails are rigid structures that rely entirely on the contact between the wheels and the guardrail surface, as well as the wheels climbing, turning, and absorbing energy through friction. While they offer high crashworthiness and strong anti-crossing capabilities, when out-of-control vehicles collide at large angles or experience excessive forces during forced steering, the damage to both people and vehicles can be significant. Furthermore, since most bridge guardrails directly absorb the impact force during a collision and redirect most of it back to the vehicle, causing it to steer, this not only damages the bridge but can also lead to injuries or fatalities. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a novel bridge crash barrier with energy-consuming steering, which utilizes high-performance buffer materials to absorb most of the collision energy while guiding the vehicle to climb, and combines this with sleeve rolling to guide the vehicle's steering to reduce damage to the vehicle and personnel.

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an energy-dissipating steering guardrail for concrete bridges. It combines the energy conversion of wall-type guardrails during collisions with the energy absorption capacity of high-performance buffer materials to dissipate most of the collision energy. At the same time, it uses sleeves to adjust the collision angle of out-of-control vehicles and guides the vehicles to turn in a gentler manner, so as to minimize the damage to people, vehicles and bridge guardrails caused by the collision.

[0005] The technical solution adopted to achieve the above objectives is as follows: This invention discloses a novel bridge anti-collision guardrail with energy-consuming steering and its installation method, including a concrete support, an energy-absorbing steering sleeve, a base unit fixed to the bridge deck, and an anti-collision steel baffle. The energy-absorbing steering sleeve is fixed to the concrete support through a wheel axle; the anti-collision steel baffle is connected to the base unit through a rotating shaft, and at least two sets of buffer springs are provided between the anti-collision steel baffle and the base unit.

[0006] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the energy-absorbing steering sleeve is composed of an internal component, a rubber interlayer, and a foamed aluminum outer layer.

[0007] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the anti-collision steel baffle is covered with three reflective films as a warning.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the base unit includes a leftmost, a middle, and a rightmost base unit. The left side wall of the rightmost and middle base units is provided with two snap-fit ​​pieces with obliquely irregular trapezoidal cross sections. The right side wall of the leftmost and middle base units is provided with a slot that matches the shape of the snap-fit ​​pieces. The snap-fit ​​pieces of adjacent base units match and engage with the slots to fix adjacent base units.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the left side snap-fit ​​of the base unit is provided with an installation hole for cooperating with the fixing anchor bolt to install it on the bridge deck, and the right side wall edge of the base unit is also provided with an installation hole for cooperating with the fixing anchor bolt to install it on the bridge deck.

[0010] This invention discloses a novel energy-efficient steering bridge crash barrier and its installation method, wherein the installation steps are as follows: S1: Concrete supports are poured during bridge deck construction, and embedded parts required for anchor bolt connection are reserved on the bridge deck at the corresponding position of the base unit. S2: Install the sleeve and base unit, with the bottom of the sleeve flush with the maximum pressing height of the anti-collision steel plate. Properly splice adjacent components, fix them with anchor bolts, and then install the buffer spring of the base. S3: Connect the anti-collision steel baffle to the rotating shaft in advance, then install the rotating shaft and connect the anti-collision steel baffle to the base unit and the buffer spring.

[0011] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. When the vehicle is driving normally, the reflective film on the anti-collision baffle provides warning of road changes and avoids driver fatigue. When the vehicle deviates from the road, the anti-collision steel baffle is first pressed down, causing the lower anti-collision steel baffle to rotate and the buffer spring to contract, offsetting the impact force while warning the driver that the vehicle has deviated, giving the driver some reaction time to avoid a larger collision.

[0012] 2. The steering roller of the present invention helps to adjust the vehicle collision angle and avoids secondary damage caused by the rigid guardrail forcing the vehicle to turn back. The high-performance energy-absorbing material of foamed aluminum and rubber on the steering roller can absorb energy and minimize collision damage.

[0013] 3. This invention combines anti-collision measures with high-performance materials, takes into account the driver's mobility, reduces the actual probability of collision, and thus reduces the workload of subsequent maintenance and replacement of guardrails. Combined with sleeve steering and multi-layer buffer material energy dissipation, it minimizes the damage caused by actual collisions in all aspects. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a plan view of the anti-collision baffle of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an isometric view of the steering sleeve after assembly in this invention; Figure 4 This is a structural development diagram of the steering sleeve in this invention; Figure 5 This is a plan view of the base unit located at the leftmost position in this invention; Figure 6 This is a plan view of the base unit located in the middle position in this invention; Figure 7 This is a plan view of the base unit located at the far right position in this invention; Figure 8 This is a side view of the present invention.

[0015] In the diagram: 1-rotating shaft, 2-anti-collision steel baffle, 3-reflective film, 4-buffer spring, 5-base unit, 6-steering sleeve, 61-foam aluminum outer layer, 61-rubber interlayer, 63-internal components, 7-wheel axle, 8-concrete support. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] See Figures 1-8 .

[0018] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7A novel anti-collision guardrail for concrete bridges includes a concrete support 8, an energy-absorbing steering sleeve 6, a base unit 5 fixed to the bridge deck, and an anti-collision steel baffle 2. The energy-absorbing steering sleeve 6 is fixed to the concrete support 8 via a wheel axle 7. The anti-collision steel baffle 2 is connected to the base unit 5 via a rotating shaft 1, and at least two sets of buffer springs 4 are provided between the anti-collision steel baffle 2 and the base unit 5. The base unit 5 includes a leftmost, a middle, and a rightmost base unit. The left side wall of the rightmost and middle base units is provided with two snap-fit ​​pieces 10 with obliquely irregular trapezoidal cross-sections. The right side wall of the leftmost and middle base units is provided with slots 11 that match the shape of the snap-fit ​​pieces. During installation, the right snap-fit ​​piece 10 of the left bottom unit matches and engages with the left slot 11 of the middle base unit, and the right slot 11 of the middle bottom unit engages with the left snap-fit ​​piece 10 of the right bottom unit, for fixing adjacent base units 5.

[0019] For further details, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 The leftmost base unit has a slot 11 with a pre-embedded component for mounting the anchor bolt 9 on the bridge deck. The middle base unit has a snap-fit ​​10 and a slot 11 with a pre-embedded component for mounting the anchor bolt 9 on the bridge deck. The rightmost base unit has a snap-fit ​​10 with a pre-embedded component for mounting the anchor bolt 9 on the bridge deck.

[0020] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 2 The similarities with Embodiment 1 will not be repeated here. The difference is that the anti-collision steel baffle 2 is covered with three reflective films as a warning.

[0021] Example 3: Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 The similarities with Embodiment 2 will not be repeated here. The difference is that the energy-absorbing steering sleeve 6 is composed of an internal component 63, a rubber interlayer 62, and an aluminum foam outer layer 61.

[0022] Example 4: Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 8 The similarities with Embodiment 1 will not be repeated here. The difference is that the connecting side of the anti-collision steel baffle 2 has a collar that matches the rotating shaft 1. The rotating shaft is generally made of high-quality carbon steel. If the cost allows or there are special requirements, a certain alloy material can be selected. The anti-collision steel baffle is made of high-strength steel plate. The specific model is determined according to the actual requirements.

[0023] This invention discloses a novel energy-efficient steering bridge crash barrier and its installation method, wherein the installation steps are as follows: S1: Concrete supports 8 are poured during bridge deck construction, and embedded parts required for anchor bolt connection are reserved on the bridge deck at the corresponding position of base unit 5. S2: Install sleeve 6 and base unit 5. The bottom of the sleeve is flush with the maximum pressing height of the anti-collision steel plate. Make the splicing of adjacent components and fix them with anchor bolts 9. Then install the buffer spring 4 of the base. S3: Connect the anti-collision steel baffle 2 to the rotating shaft 1 in advance, then install the rotating shaft 1, and connect the anti-collision steel baffle 2 to the base unit 5 and the buffer spring 4.

Claims

1. A crash barrier with energy-dissipating steering mechanism for concrete bridges, characterized in that: The system includes a concrete support (8), an energy-absorbing steering sleeve (6), a base unit (5) fixed to the bridge deck, and a crash barrier (2). The energy-absorbing steering sleeve (6) is fixed to the concrete support (8) via a wheel axle (7). The crash barrier (2) is connected to the base unit (5) via a rotating shaft (1). At least two sets of buffer springs (4) are provided between the crash barrier (2) and the base unit (5).

2. The energy-dissipating steering guardrail for concrete bridges according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy-absorbing steering sleeve includes an inner component (63), a rubber interlayer (62), and an aluminum foam outer layer (61).

3. The energy-dissipating steering guardrail for concrete bridges according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-collision steel baffle is covered with three reflective films (3) as a warning.

4. A crash barrier for energy-dissipating steering applied to concrete bridges according to claims 1-3, characterized in that: The base unit (5) includes a leftmost, a middle, and a rightmost base unit. The left side wall of the rightmost and middle base units is provided with two snap-fit ​​pieces (10) with obliquely irregular trapezoidal cross sections. The right side wall of the leftmost and middle base units is provided with a slot (11) that matches the shape of the snap-fit ​​pieces. The snap-fit ​​pieces (10) of adjacent base units match and engage with the slots (11) to fix the adjacent base units (5).

5. A crash barrier for energy-dissipating steering applied to concrete bridges according to claim 4, characterized in that: The left side snap-fit ​​(10) of the base unit (5) is provided with an installation hole for mounting on the bridge deck in conjunction with the fixing anchor bolt, and the right side slot (11) of the base unit (5) is also provided with an installation hole for mounting on the bridge deck in conjunction with the fixing anchor bolt.

6. This invention discloses a novel bridge crash barrier with energy-consuming steering and its installation method, wherein, The installation steps are as follows: S1: Concrete supports are poured during bridge deck construction, and embedded parts required for anchor bolt connection are reserved on the bridge deck at the corresponding position of the base unit. S2: Install the sleeve and base unit, with the bottom of the sleeve flush with the maximum pressing height of the anti-collision steel plate. Properly splice adjacent components, fix them with anchor bolts, and then install the buffer spring of the base. S3: Connect the anti-collision steel baffle to the rotating shaft in advance, then install the rotating shaft and connect the anti-collision steel baffle to the base unit and the buffer spring.

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