Actuator and charging small door assembly

Abstract

The invention relates to an actuator and a charging small door assembly. The actuator comprises a driving assembly, a first-stage transmission assembly and a second-stage transmission assembly. Under the normal condition, the driving assembly drives the first-stage transmission assembly to rotate and then drives the second-stage transmission assembly to rotate, and then the small charging door is driven to rotate, so that the small charging door is closed. A first clutch structure is arranged on the first-stage transmission assembly, a second clutch structure is arranged on the second-stage transmission assembly, and the magnitude of interference between the second clutch structure and the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly is smaller than the magnitude of interference between the first clutch structure and the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly. The force needed for forcibly opening the small door is larger than the force needed for closing the small charging door, the small charging door can be prevented from being forcibly opened to a certain extent, the locking effect is achieved, a locking structure does not need to be additionally arranged at the position of the charging port to lock the small charging door, and the space of the position of the charging port can be prevented from being occupied.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of electric vehicle actuators, and in particular to an actuator and a charging door assembly. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of technology, new energy vehicles are becoming more and more common. Since new energy vehicles need to be charged, a charging port is provided on the new energy vehicle to facilitate the insertion of a charging gun to charge the new energy vehicle. In order to avoid the charging port from being filled with debris and the like when charging is not required, a charging door is configured at the charging port of the new energy vehicle, and an actuator is configured to connect with the charging door to drive the charging door to open to expose the charging port or to drive the charging door to close to cover the charging port.

[0003] When the new energy vehicle is driving on a bumpy road or the like, the charging door is easily opened abnormally by external force. Therefore, the current new energy vehicle is provided with a locking structure at the charging port to cooperate with the charging door, so as to lock the charging door through the locking structure when the actuator controls the charging door to be in a closed state, thereby avoiding the problem of the charging door being easily opened abnormally.

[0004] However, the additional locking structure at the charging port to lock the charging door occupies the space of the charging port and causes a complex structure. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides an actuator and a charging door assembly.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides an actuator, comprising a driving assembly, a first-stage transmission assembly, and a second-stage transmission assembly;

[0007] The driving assembly is in transmission cooperation with the input end of the first-stage transmission assembly, the input end of the second-stage transmission assembly is in transmission cooperation with the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly, and the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly is used to be rotationally connected with a charging door of a vehicle;

[0008] A first clutch structure is provided on the first-stage transmission assembly, the first clutch structure is connected with the input end of the first-stage transmission assembly, and the first clutch structure is in interference fit with the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly; a second clutch structure is provided on the second-stage transmission assembly, the second clutch structure is connected with the input end of the second-stage transmission assembly, and the second clutch structure is in interference fit with the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly; the interference amount between the second clutch structure and the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly is less than the interference amount between the first clutch structure and the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly;

[0009] A one-way locking structure is arranged between the input end of the second-stage transmission assembly and the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly, and the one-way locking structure is in one-way locking cooperation with the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly.

[0010] In some embodiments, the input end of the first-stage transmission assembly comprises a first input gear, the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly comprises a first output gear, the first input gear is in transmission cooperation with the driving assembly, and the first output gear is in transmission cooperation with the input end of the second-stage transmission assembly.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first clutching structure comprises a first spring piece, the first spring piece is clamped in the first input gear and is in clearance cooperation with the first input gear;

[0012] The first spring piece has a first inner cavity, and a part of the first output gear is located in the first inner cavity and is in interference cooperation with a cavity wall of the first inner cavity.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first input gear has a first accommodating cavity, the first spring piece is located in the first accommodating cavity, a first clamping part is arranged on the first spring piece, a second clamping part is arranged on the cavity wall of the first accommodating cavity at a position corresponding to the first clamping part, and the first clamping part is in clamping cooperation with the second clamping part.

[0014] In some embodiments, the input end of the second-stage transmission assembly comprises a second input gear, the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly comprises a second output gear, the second input gear is in transmission cooperation with the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly, and the second output gear is connected with the charging door.

[0015] In some embodiments, the one-way locking structure comprises a one-way bearing.

[0016] The second input gear is provided with a second accommodating cavity, the one-way bearing is sleeved in the second accommodating cavity, and the one-way bearing and the second clutching structure are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the second input gear; the one-way bearing is provided with a containing cavity, and the second output gear is sleeved in the containing cavity.

[0017] In some embodiments, the second clutching structure comprises a second spring piece, the second spring piece is clamped in the second accommodating cavity and is in clearance cooperation with a cavity wall of the second accommodating cavity;

[0018] The second spring piece has a second inner cavity, and a part of the second output gear is located in the second inner cavity and is in interference cooperation with a cavity wall of the second inner cavity.

[0019] In some embodiments, the second spring plate is provided with a third clamping part, and the cavity wall of the second accommodating cavity is provided with a fourth clamping part at a position corresponding to the third clamping part; the third clamping part is clamped and matched with the fourth clamping part.

[0020] In some embodiments, the actuator further comprises a third transmission assembly, which is located between the first transmission assembly and the driving assembly; an input end of the third transmission assembly is in transmission cooperation with the driving assembly, and an output end of the third transmission assembly is in transmission cooperation with an input end of the first transmission assembly.

[0021] In some embodiments, the actuator further comprises a fourth transmission assembly, which is located between the second transmission assembly and the charging door; an input end of the fourth transmission assembly is in transmission cooperation with an output end of the second transmission assembly, and an output end of the fourth transmission assembly is connected with the charging door.

[0022] In some embodiments, the actuator further comprises a potentiometer, which is arranged on the second transmission assembly and is electrically connected with a controller of the vehicle; the potentiometer is used to detect the opening and closing state information of the charging door, and the controller is used to control the working state of the driving assembly according to the opening and closing state information.

[0023] In a second aspect, the disclosure further provides a charging door assembly, which comprises a charging door and an actuator as described above.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the disclosure has the following advantages:

[0025] The present disclosure provides an actuator and a charging door assembly. The actuator comprises a driving assembly, a first-stage transmission assembly and a second-stage transmission assembly. Under normal circumstances, the first-stage transmission assembly can be driven to rotate by the driving assembly, and then the second-stage transmission assembly is driven to rotate by the first-stage transmission assembly, and then the charging door is driven to rotate to achieve the closing of the charging door. At the same time, the first-stage transmission assembly is provided with a first clutch structure, the second-stage transmission assembly is provided with a second clutch structure, and a one-way locking structure is arranged between the input end of the second-stage transmission assembly and the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly, and the one-way locking structure is in one-way locking cooperation with the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly. When the charging door is subjected to an external force for being rotated to open, the opening external force received by the charging door is transmitted to the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly at this time. At this time, the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly and the input end of the second-stage transmission assembly are synchronously rotated due to the one-way locking effect of the one-way locking structure, and the external force is transmitted to the first-stage transmission assembly. Since the interference amount between the second clutch structure and the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly is smaller than the interference amount between the first clutch structure and the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly, a larger external force needs to be input to the input end of the first-stage transmission assembly to overcome the interference fit force between the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly and the first clutch structure, that is, the interference fit force between the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly and the second clutch structure is smaller than the interference fit force between the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly and the first clutch structure, so that the force required for forcibly opening the charging door is greater than the force required for closing the door. Therefore, the user can conveniently close the charging door, and the charging door can be prevented from being forcibly opened to a certain extent, the locking effect of the charging door is achieved, and no additional locking structure needs to be arranged at the charging port to lock the charging door. Therefore, the space at the charging port can be avoided, and the entire structure is relatively simple. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or the prior art, the accompanying drawings required to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without any creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 Structure diagram of the actuator according to the embodiments of the present disclosure Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 2 Structure diagram of the first-stage transmission assembly of the actuator according to the embodiments of the present disclosureFigure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 3 Structure diagram of the first stage transmission assembly of the actuator according to the embodiments of the present disclosure Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 4 Structure diagram of the second stage transmission assembly of the actuator according to the embodiments of the present disclosure

[0032] Figure 5 Structure diagram of the one-way locking structure of the actuator according to the embodiments of the present disclosure

[0033] Figure 6 Structure diagram of the actuator according to the embodiments of the present disclosure Figure 2 .

[0034] Reference signs:

[0035] 1, drive assembly; 11, drive motor; 12, drive worm; 2, first stage transmission assembly; 21, first input gear; 211, first accommodating cavity; 212, second clamping part; 22, first output gear; 221, first output gear body; 222, first pin shaft; 3, second stage transmission assembly; 31, second input gear; 311, second accommodating cavity; 312, fourth clamping part; 32, second output gear; 321, second output gear body; 322, second pin shaft; 4, first clutch structure; 41, first spring piece; 411, first clamping part; 42, first inner cavity; 5, second clutch structure; 51, second spring piece; 511, second inner cavity; 512, third clamping part; 6, one-way locking structure; 61, one-way bearing; 611, accommodating cavity; 612, ball; 7, third stage transmission assembly; 71, third input gear; 8, fourth stage transmission assembly; 81, fourth input gear; 91, potentiometer; 92, circuit board; 93, terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to enable a more clear understanding of the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the schemes of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0037] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the description are only some of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all the embodiments.

[0038] Reference Figures 1 to 5 is shown, the present embodiment provides an actuator, which comprises a drive assembly 1, a first stage transmission assembly 2 and a second stage transmission assembly 3.

[0039] The driving assembly 1 is in driving cooperation with the input end of the first-stage transmission assembly 2, the input end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 is in driving cooperation with the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly 2, and the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 is used to be connected with the charging door of the vehicle.

[0040] The first-stage transmission assembly 2 is provided with a first clutch structure 4, the first clutch structure 4 is connected with the input end of the first-stage transmission assembly 2, and the first clutch structure 4 is in interference fit with the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly 2. The second-stage transmission assembly 3 is provided with a second clutch structure 5, the second clutch structure 5 is connected with the input end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3, and the second clutch structure 5 is in interference fit with the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3. The interference amount between the second clutch structure 5 and the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 is smaller than the interference amount between the first clutch structure 4 and the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly 2.

[0041] The input end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 and the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 are provided with a one-way locking structure 6, the one-way locking structure 6 is in one-way locking cooperation with the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3.

[0042] In specific implementation, referring to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the driving assembly 1 may include a driving motor 11 and a driving worm 12, the driving worm 12 is arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor 11, and the driving worm 12 is in driving cooperation with the input end of the first-stage transmission assembly 2, so that under normal circumstances (i.e. in the case that the driving assembly 1 is powered and needs to normally drive the opening or closing of the charging door), the driving worm 12 can be driven to rotate by the driving motor 11, the first-stage transmission assembly 2 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the driving worm 12, and then the second-stage transmission assembly 3 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the first-stage transmission assembly 2, so as to drive the charging door to rotate to the open position or the closed position.

[0043] Specifically, the first clutch structure 4 is arranged on the first transmission assembly 2 and connected with the input end of the first transmission assembly 2 and in interference fit with the output end of the first transmission assembly 2. Correspondingly, the second clutch structure 5 is arranged on the second transmission assembly 3 and connected with the input end of the second transmission assembly 3 and in interference fit with the output end of the second transmission assembly 3, and the one-way locking structure 6 is arranged between the input end of the second transmission assembly 3 and the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 and in one-way locking fit with the output end of the second transmission assembly 3, that is, the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 can rotate in a set direction but cannot rotate in the opposite direction. Specifically, in the embodiment, the one-way locking structure 6 can rotate with the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 only when the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 rotates in the direction of closing the charging door, and the one-way locking structure 6 is locked with the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 when the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 rotates in the direction of opening the charging door, that is, the relative rotation between the one-way locking structure 6 and the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 is limited.

[0044] Therefore, when the driving assembly 1 is powered off, that is, in an abnormal case, the charging door may be subjected to an external force in the direction of closing the charging door (such as an external force transmitted by vehicle bumping or an external force applied by a person) or an external force in the direction of opening the charging door (such as an external force transmitted by vehicle bumping or an external force applied by a person).

[0045] For example, when the charging door is subjected to an external force in the direction of closing the charging door, the one-way locking structure 6 is in an un-locked state at this time, that is, the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 can rotate relative to the one-way locking structure 6. At this time, the external force applied to the charging door to close the charging door is transmitted to the output end of the second transmission assembly 3, and since the input end of the second transmission assembly 3 is in a non-rotatable state due to the cooperation of the first transmission assembly 2 and the driving assembly 1, the second clutch structure 5 connected with the input end of the second transmission assembly 3 is also in a non-rotatable state at this time, and since the second clutch structure 5 is in interference fit with the output end of the second transmission assembly 3, the clutch function of the second clutch structure 5 is effective. Therefore, as long as the external force transmitted to the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 can overcome the interference fit force between the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 and the second clutch structure 5, the external force can drive the rotation of the output end of the second transmission assembly 3, so that the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 can rotate to adapt to the closing stroke of the charging door.

[0046] When the charging door is opened by an external force, the one-way locking structure 6 is in a one-way locking state, that is, the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 cannot rotate relative to the one-way locking structure 6. At this time, the external force applied to the charging door to close it is transmitted to the output end of the second transmission assembly 3. At this time, the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 is equivalent to being fixed as a whole with the input end of the second transmission assembly 3 through the one-way locking structure 6, that is, the second clutch structure 5 of the second transmission assembly 3 is equivalent to being disabled, so the external force transmitted to the second transmission assembly 3 will drive the entire second transmission assembly 3 to rotate synchronously, and then transmit the external force to the output end of the first transmission assembly 2. Since the first clutch structure 4 is connected with the input end of the first transmission assembly 2 and the input end of the first transmission assembly 2 is connected with the driving assembly 1, the first clutch structure 4 cannot rotate at this time, and the clutch function of the first clutch structure 4 is enabled at this time.

[0047] Since the interference amount between the second clutch structure 5 and the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 is smaller than the interference amount between the first clutch structure 4 and the output end of the first transmission assembly 2, a larger external force needs to be input to the output end of the first transmission assembly 2 to overcome the interference fit force between the output end of the first transmission assembly 2 and the first clutch structure 4, that is, the interference fit force between the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 and the second clutch structure 5 is smaller than the interference fit force between the output end of the first transmission assembly 2 and the first clutch structure 4, so that the force required to open the charging door is greater than the force required to close the door. At this time, a large external force is required to overcome the interference fit force between the output end of the first transmission assembly 2 and the first clutch structure 4, so that a larger force is required to rotate the output end of the first transmission assembly 2, thereby preventing the charging door from being forcibly opened to a certain extent, achieving the locking effect of the charging door, and without the need to additionally set a locking structure at the charging port to lock the charging door, thereby avoiding occupying the space of the charging port and the entire structure is relatively simple.

[0048] That is, by setting the first clutch structure 4, the second clutch structure 5 and the one-way locking structure 6, the external force required to close the charging door under abnormal conditions is small, which can facilitate the user to close the charging door. A larger external force is required to open the charging door. When the external force is not enough to overcome the interference fit force between the output end of the first transmission assembly and the first clutch structure 4, the output end of the first transmission assembly 2 cannot be rotated, so the opening stroke of the charging door cannot be adapted, that is, the charging door cannot be easily opened at this time.

[0049] The actuator of the embodiment comprises a driving assembly 1, a first-stage transmission assembly 2 and a second-stage transmission assembly 3. Under normal circumstances, the first-stage transmission assembly 2 can be driven to rotate by the driving assembly 1, and then the second-stage transmission assembly 3 is driven to rotate by the first-stage transmission assembly 2, and then the charging small door is driven to rotate, so as to realize the closing of the charging small door. At the same time, the first-stage transmission assembly 2 is provided with a first clutch structure 4, the second-stage transmission assembly 3 is provided with a second clutch structure 5, and a one-way locking structure 6 is arranged between the input end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 and the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3, which is in one-way locking cooperation with the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3. When the charging small door needs to be rotated to the closed state due to external force, the external force received by the charging small door is transmitted to the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3. Since the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 is in interference fit with the second clutch structure 5 and the one-way locking structure 6 can rotate with the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 at this time, the external force can overcome the interference fit force between the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 and the second clutch structure 5, so that the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 is rotated to adapt to the closing operation of the charging small door. When the charging small door is subjected to external force to be rotated to be opened, the opening external force received by the charging small door is transmitted to the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3. At this time, due to the one-way locking effect of the one-way locking structure 6, the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 and the input end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 are synchronously rotated and the external force is transmitted to the first-stage transmission assembly 2. Since the interference amount between the second clutch structure 5 and the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 is smaller than the interference amount between the first clutch structure 4 and the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly 2, a larger external force needs to be input to the input end of the first-stage transmission assembly 2 to overcome the interference fit force between the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly 2 and the first clutch structure 4, that is, the interference fit force between the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 and the second clutch structure 5 is smaller than the interference fit force between the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly 2 and the first clutch structure 4, so that the force required to forcibly open the charging small door is greater than the force required to close the small door. Therefore, the user can close the charging small door, and to a certain extent, the charging small door can be prevented from being forcibly opened, the locking effect of the charging small door is realized, and no additional locking structure needs to be arranged at the charging port to lock the charging small door. Therefore, the space at the charging port can be avoided, and the whole structure is relatively simple.

[0050] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 4 In some embodiments, the input end of the first-stage transmission assembly 2 comprises a first input gear 21, the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly 2 comprises a first output gear 22, the first input gear 21 is in transmission cooperation with the driving assembly 1, and the first output gear 22 is in transmission cooperation with the input end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3.

[0051] In a specific implementation, the first input gear 21 is in transmission cooperation with the worm gear of the driving assembly 1, and the first output gear 22 is in transmission cooperation with the input end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3. When in a normal condition (i.e. when the driving assembly 1 is powered and needs to drive the charging door to open or close normally), the first input gear 21 can be driven to rotate by the driving assembly 1, and then the first output gear 22 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the first input gear 21, and the second-stage transmission assembly 3 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the first output gear 22, so as to drive the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 to rotate through the input end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3, thereby driving the charging door connected to the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 to rotate to the open position or the closed position.

[0052] It should be noted that, in a normal condition (when the driving assembly 1 is powered and drives the first-stage transmission assembly 2), the first input gear 21 is in transmission cooperation with the driving assembly 1, so the first input gear 21 is the input end of the entire first-stage transmission assembly 2, and the first output gear 22 is the output end of the entire first-stage transmission assembly 2, i.e. the transmission direction of the force is from the first input gear 21 to the first output gear 22. When the charging door is subjected to an external force (the driving assembly 1 is not powered), the transmission direction of the force is from the first output gear 22 to the first input gear 21.

[0053] Referring to Figure 4 In some embodiments, the first clutch structure 4 includes a first spring piece 41, which is clamped in the first input gear 21 and in clearance cooperation with the first input gear 21. The first spring piece 41 has a first inner cavity 42, and a part of the first output gear 22 is located in the first inner cavity 42 and in interference cooperation with the cavity wall of the first inner cavity 42.

[0054] In a specific implementation, when the charging door is subjected to an external force for closing the charging door, the clutch function of the second clutch structure 5 is effective, so that the external force transmitted to the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 can drive the rotation of the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 as long as the external force can overcome the interference fit force between the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 and the second clutch structure 5, so that the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 can be driven to rotate to adapt to the rotation closing stroke of the charging door. At this time, the external force is not transmitted to the first-stage transmission assembly 2, so the first clutch structure 4 is in a state of not yet being used.

[0055] When the charging door is opened by an external force, the external force transmitted to the second transmission assembly 3 will drive the second transmission assembly 3 to rotate synchronously, and then the external force is transmitted to the output end of the first transmission assembly 2. Since the first spring sheet 41 is connected with the first input gear 21, and the first input gear 21 is connected with the driving assembly 1, the first spring sheet 41 cannot rotate at this time, and the clutch function of the first spring sheet 41 is effective at this time.

[0056] Since the interference amount between the second clutch structure 5 and the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 is smaller than the interference amount between the first spring sheet 41 and the first output gear 22, a larger external force needs to be input to the first output gear 22 to overcome the interference fit force between the first output gear 22 and the first spring sheet 41, that is, the interference fit force between the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 and the second clutch structure 5 is smaller than the interference fit force between the first output gear 22 and the first spring sheet 41, so that the force required to open the charging door is greater than the force required to close the door. Therefore, at this time, a large external force is required to overcome the interference fit force between the first output gear 22 and the first spring sheet 41, so that the first output gear 22 needs a larger force to rotate, thereby preventing the charging door from being forcibly opened to a certain extent, achieving the locking effect of the charging door, and without the need for additional locking structure at the charging port to lock the charging door. Therefore, the space at the charging port can be avoided, and the entire structure is relatively simple.

[0057] For example, the first spring sheet 41 can be made of plastic or metal. In addition, in the present embodiment, the first spring sheet 41 is gap-fitted with the first input gear 21, rather than using the existing gear fitting mode, so that there is no obvious “click” sound when the clutch function of the first spring sheet 41 is effective. Therefore, it can be avoided that the user thinks that the part is damaged.

[0058] For example, the first input gear 21 is provided with a first accommodating cavity 211, and the first spring sheet 41 can be sleeved in the first accommodating cavity 211 and connected with the first accommodating cavity 211. The first spring sheet 41 is a hollow annular structure, so that the first spring sheet 41 has a first inner cavity 42 capable of accommodating the first output gear 22. The cavity wall of the first inner cavity 42 is interference-fitted with the first output gear 22, so that when the first output gear 22 needs to rotate, the interference fit force between the first output gear 22 and the cavity wall of the first inner cavity 42 needs to be overcome. The size of the interference fit force is inversely proportional to the gap between the first output gear 22 and the cavity wall of the first inner cavity 42, that is, the smaller the gap, the greater the interference fit force that needs to be overcome.

[0059] Reference Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the first input gear 21 has a first accommodating cavity 211, the first spring 41 is located in the first accommodating cavity 211, the first spring 41 is provided with a first clamping portion 411, the cavity wall of the first accommodating cavity 211 is provided with a second clamping portion 212 at a position corresponding to the first clamping portion 411, the first clamping portion 411 and the second clamping portion 212 are clamped and matched, thereby realizing the connection between the first input gear 21 and the first spring 41.

[0060] For example, one of the first clamping portion 411 and the second clamping portion 212 is a clamping rib, and the other is a clamping notch matched with the clamping rib. For example, referring to Figure 4 As shown, the clamping notch can be provided on the first spring 41 and the clamping rib can be provided on the cavity wall of the first accommodating cavity 211. Alternatively, the clamping rib can be provided on the first spring 41 and the clamping notch can be provided on the cavity wall of the first accommodating cavity 211. In order to facilitate the insertion of the first spring 41 into the first accommodating cavity 211, in the present embodiment, the clamping notch is preferably provided on the first spring 41 and the clamping rib is provided on the cavity wall of the first accommodating cavity 211.

[0061] For example, when the clamping rib is provided on the cavity wall of the first accommodating cavity 211, the clamping rib can be adhesively matched or clamped and matched with the first input gear 21 or integrally formed.

[0062] In addition, in the present embodiment, the first input gear 21 and the first output gear 22 can both be made of plastic.

[0063] In addition, in order to facilitate the interference fit between the first output gear 22 and the first spring 41, the first output gear 22 can include a first output gear body 221 and a first pin shaft 222 connected to one side of the first output gear body 221, the first pin shaft 222 can be provided in the first inner cavity 42 and interference fit with the first spring 41.

[0064] For example, referring to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the input end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 includes a second input gear 31, the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 includes a second output gear 32, the second input gear 31 is in transmission cooperation with the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly 2, and the second output gear 32 is connected with the charging door.

[0065] In a specific implementation, the second input gear 31 is in transmission cooperation with the first output gear 22 of the first-stage transmission assembly 2, and the second output gear 32 is in transmission cooperation with the charging door. When in a normal condition (i.e., when the driving assembly 1 is powered on and needs to drive the charging door to open or close normally), the first input gear 21 can be driven to rotate by the driving assembly 1, and then the first output gear 22 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the first input gear 21, and the second input gear 31 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the first output gear 22, so that the second output gear 32 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the second input gear 31, so as to drive the charging door connected with the second output gear 32 to rotate to an open position or a closed position.

[0066] It should be noted that, in a normal condition (i.e., when the driving assembly 1 is powered on and drives the first-stage transmission assembly 2 to rotate and drive the second-stage transmission assembly 3 to rotate), the second input gear 31 is in transmission cooperation with the second output gear 32 of the first-stage transmission assembly 2, so that the second input gear 31 is the input end of the entire second-stage transmission assembly 3, and the second output gear 32 is the output end of the entire second-stage transmission assembly 3, i.e., the transmission direction of force is from the second input gear 31 to the second output gear 32. When the charging door is subjected to an external force (i.e., the driving assembly 1 is not powered on), the transmission direction of force is from the second output gear 32 to the second input gear 31.

[0067] Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, Figures 1 to 3 Figure 5 In some embodiments, the one-way locking structure 6 includes a one-way bearing 61. The second input gear 31 is provided with a second accommodating cavity 311, and the one-way bearing 61 is sleeved in the second accommodating cavity 311 and sequentially arranged with the second clutch structure 5 along the axial direction of the second input gear 31. The one-way bearing 61 is provided with a containing cavity 611, and the second output gear 32 is sleeved in the containing cavity 611.

[0068] In a specific implementation, for example, when the charging door is subjected to an external force for closing the charging door, the one-way bearing 61 is in an unlocked state at this time, i.e., the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 can rotate relative to the one-way bearing 61.

[0069] ​When the charging door is opened by an external force, the one-way bearing 61 is in the locked state, i.e., the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 cannot rotate relative to the one-way bearing 61. At this time, the external force applied to the charging door to close is transmitted to the output end of the second transmission assembly 3, and at this time the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 is equivalent to being fixed with the input end of the second transmission assembly 3 through the one-way bearing 61, i.e., the second clutch structure 5 of the second transmission assembly 3 is equivalent to being disabled, so the external force transmitted to the second transmission assembly 3 by the charging door will drive the entire second transmission assembly 3 to rotate synchronously, and then transmit the external force to the output end of the first transmission assembly 2. Since the first clutch structure 4 is connected with the input end of the first transmission assembly 2 and the input end of the first transmission assembly 2 is connected with the driving assembly 1, the first clutch structure 4 cannot rotate at this time, and the clutch function of the first clutch structure 4 is effective at this time.

[0070] For the specific structure of the one-way bearing 61, please refer to Figure 5 Specifically, the one-way bearing 61 can include a bearing inner ring, a bearing outer ring, a sliding channel arranged in the bearing inner ring, a rotatable ball 612 arranged in the sliding channel, a spring sheet connected with the ball 612, and an internal pin shaft. When the ball 612 slides to about 1 / 2 position, the ball 612 is tightly attached to the internal pin shaft by the spring sheet. When the output end of the second transmission assembly 3 is rotated in the direction of opening the charging door, the internal pin shaft can be rotated clockwise, for example, and the internal pin shaft drives the ball 612 to rotate clockwise along the sliding channel. Because the sliding channel is shrink-fitted with the internal pin shaft, the interference between the ball 612 and the pin shaft increases, resulting in interlocking of the internal pin shaft and the ball 612, which cannot rotate. At this time, the one-way bearing 61 is in the locked state. Conversely, when the internal pin shaft rotates counterclockwise, the internal pin shaft drives the ball 612 to move away, and the internal pin shaft can rotate, requiring very small resistance. At this time, the one-way bearing 61 is in the unlocked state.

[0071] For example, the one-way bearing 61 can be made of metal.

[0072] Referring to Figures 2 to 3 In some embodiments, the second clutch structure 5 includes a second spring sheet 51, which is clamped in the second accommodating cavity 311 and gap-fitted with the cavity wall of the second accommodating cavity 311.

[0073] The second spring sheet 51 has a second inner cavity 511, and part of the second output gear 32 is located in the second inner cavity 511 and interference-fitted with the cavity wall of the second inner cavity 511.

[0074] In practice, when the charging door is subjected to an external force to close it, the clutch function of the second spring 51 is activated. Therefore, the external force transmitted to the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 only needs to overcome the interference fit between the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 and the second spring 51 to drive the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 to rotate, thus allowing the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3 to rotate to match the rotation closing stroke of the charging door. At this time, the external force is not transmitted to the first-stage transmission assembly 2, so the first clutch structure 4 is in a state where it is not yet in use.

[0075] When the charging door is subjected to an external force to open it, the force transmitted from the charging door to the second-stage transmission assembly 3 will cause the entire second-stage transmission assembly 3 to rotate synchronously, and the clutch function of the second spring 51 will be disabled. Then, the external force is transmitted to the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly 2. Since the first spring 41 is connected to the first input gear 21 and the first input gear 21 is connected to the drive assembly 1, the first spring 41 cannot rotate at this time, and the clutch function of the first spring 41 is activated.

[0076] For example, the second spring 51 can be made of plastic or metal. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the second spring 51 engages with the second input gear 31 through a clearance fit, rather than using a conventional gear engagement method. Therefore, when the clutch function of the second spring 51 is activated, there will be no obvious "clicking" sound, thus preventing the user from mistakenly believing that the part is damaged.

[0077] For example, a second receiving cavity 311 is provided on the second input gear 31, and a second spring 51 can be sleeved in the second receiving cavity 311 and connected to the second receiving cavity 311. The second spring 51 is a hollow annular structure, so that the second spring 51 has a second inner cavity 511 that can accommodate the second output gear 32. The cavity wall of the second inner cavity 511 is in interference fit with the second output gear 32. Therefore, when the second output gear 32 needs to rotate, it is necessary to overcome the interference fit force between the second output gear 32 and the cavity wall of the second inner cavity 511. The magnitude of the interference fit force is inversely proportional to the gap between the cavity wall of the second output gear 32 and the second inner cavity 511, that is, the smaller the gap, the greater the interference fit force that needs to be overcome.

[0078] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the second input gear 31 has a second receiving cavity 311, the second spring 51 is located in the second receiving cavity 311, the second spring 51 is provided with a third engaging portion 512, and the cavity wall of the second receiving cavity 311 is provided with a fourth engaging portion 312 at a position corresponding to the third engaging portion 512. The third engaging portion 512 and the fourth engaging portion 312 engage and cooperate to realize the connection between the second input gear 31 and the second spring 51.

[0079] For example, one of the third clamping portion 512 and the fourth clamping portion 312 is a clamping rib, and the other is a clamping notch matched with the clamping rib. For example, referring to FIG. 5, the clamping notch can be arranged on the second spring 51, and the clamping rib can be arranged on the cavity wall of the second accommodating cavity 311. Alternatively, the clamping rib can be arranged on the second spring 51, and the clamping notch can be arranged on the cavity wall of the second accommodating cavity 311. In order to facilitate the insertion of the second spring 51 into the second accommodating cavity 311, in the embodiment, the clamping notch is arranged on the second spring 51, and the clamping rib is arranged on the cavity wall of the second accommodating cavity 311. Figure 3

[0080] For example, when the clamping rib is arranged on the cavity wall of the second accommodating cavity 311, the clamping rib can be adhesively matched or clamped matched with the second input gear 31 or integrally formed.

[0081] In addition, in the embodiment, the second input gear 31 and the second output gear 32 can both be made of plastic.

[0082] In addition, in order to facilitate the interference fit between the second output gear 32 and the second spring 51, the second output gear 32 can include a second output gear body 321 and a second pin shaft 322 connected to one side of the second output gear body 321. The second pin shaft 322 can be arranged in the second inner cavity 511 and interference fit with the second spring 51.

[0083] Figure 1 Figure 6 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in some embodiments, the actuator further includes a third-stage transmission assembly 7 located between the first-stage transmission assembly 2 and the driving assembly 1. The input end of the third-stage transmission assembly 7 is in transmission cooperation with the driving assembly 1, and the output end of the third-stage transmission assembly 7 is in transmission cooperation with the input end of the first-stage transmission assembly 2.

[0084] In particular, the third-stage transmission assembly 7 is located between the first-stage transmission assembly 2 and the driving assembly 1, that is, under normal circumstances, the driving assembly 1 drives the input end of the third-stage transmission assembly 7 to rotate, then drives the output end of the third-stage transmission assembly 7 to rotate, and then drives the first-stage transmission assembly 2 to rotate, and then drives the second-stage transmission assembly 3 to rotate, and then drives the charging door to rotate to open or close.

[0085] In particular, the input end of the third-stage transmission assembly 7 includes a third input gear 71, and the output end of the third-stage transmission assembly 7 includes a third output gear. The third input gear 71 is in transmission cooperation with the driving assembly 1, and the second output gear 32 is connected with the first input gear 21 of the first-stage transmission assembly 2. In particular, the input end of the third-stage transmission assembly 7 includes a third input gear 71, and the output end of the third-stage transmission assembly 7 includes a third output gear. The third input gear 71 is in transmission cooperation with the driving assembly 1, and the second output gear 32 is connected with the first input gear 21 of the first-stage transmission assembly 2.​​

[0086] In a specific implementation, the third input gear 71 is in transmission cooperation with the driving assembly 1, and the third output gear is in transmission cooperation with the first input gear 21. When in a normal condition (i.e., when the driving assembly 1 is powered on and needs to drive the charging door to open or close normally), the third input gear 71 can be driven to rotate by the driving assembly 1, and then the third output gear is driven to rotate by the rotation of the third input gear 71, and the first input gear 21 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the third output gear, so that the second output gear 32 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the first input gear 21, so as to drive the charging door connected with the second output gear 32 to rotate to the open position or the closed position.

[0087] It should be noted that, in a normal condition (i.e., when the driving assembly 1 is powered on and drives the first-stage transmission assembly 2 to rotate to drive the second-stage transmission assembly 3 to rotate), the third input gear 71 is in transmission cooperation with the driving assembly 1, so the third input gear 71 is the input end of the entire third-stage transmission assembly 7, and the third output gear is the output end of the entire third-stage transmission assembly 7, i.e., the force transmission direction is from the third input gear 71 to the third output gear. When the charging door is subjected to an external force (i.e., when the driving assembly 1 is not powered on), the force transmission direction is from the third output gear to the third input gear 71.

[0088] In some embodiments, the actuator further includes a fourth-stage transmission assembly 8, which is located between the second-stage transmission assembly 3 and the charging door. The input end of the fourth-stage transmission assembly 8 is in transmission cooperation with the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3, and the output end of the fourth-stage transmission assembly 8 is connected with the charging door.

[0089] In a specific implementation, the fourth-stage transmission assembly 8 is located between the second-stage transmission assembly 3 and the charging door, i.e., in a normal condition, the input end of the first-stage transmission assembly 2 is driven to rotate by the driving assembly 1, and then the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly 2 is driven to rotate, and then the second-stage transmission assembly 3 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly 2, and then the fourth-stage transmission assembly 8 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the second-stage transmission assembly 3, and then the charging door is driven to rotate to open or close by the rotation of the fourth-stage transmission assembly 8.

[0090] Specifically, the input end of the fourth-stage transmission assembly 8 includes a fourth input gear 81, and the output end of the fourth-stage transmission assembly 8 includes a fourth output gear. The fourth input gear 81 is in transmission cooperation with the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly 3, and the fourth output gear is connected with the charging door.

[0091] In a specific implementation, the fourth input gear 81 is in transmission cooperation with the second output gear 32 of the second transmission assembly 3, and the fourth output gear is in transmission cooperation with the charging door. When in a normal condition (i.e., when the driving assembly 1 is powered and needs to drive the charging door to open or close normally), the third input gear 71 can be driven to rotate by the driving assembly 1, and then the third output gear is driven to rotate by the rotation of the third input gear 71, the first input gear 21 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the third output gear, and then the second output gear 32 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the first input gear 21, so as to drive the fourth input gear 81 to rotate and then drive the fourth output gear to rotate, so as to drive the charging door connected with the fourth output gear to rotate to the open position or the closed position.

[0092] It should be noted that, in a normal condition (i.e., when the driving assembly 1 is powered and drives the first transmission assembly 2 to rotate and then drives the second transmission assembly 3 to rotate), the fourth input gear 81 is in transmission cooperation with the second output gear 32, and thus the fourth input gear 81 is the input end of the entire fourth transmission assembly 8, and the fourth output gear is the output end of the entire fourth transmission assembly 8, i.e., the transmission direction of force is from the fourth input gear 81 to the fourth output gear. When the charging door is subjected to an external force (i.e., when the driving assembly 1 is not powered), the transmission direction of force is from the fourth output gear to the fourth input gear 81.

[0093] Referring to Figure 6 In some embodiments, the actuator further includes a potentiometer 91 disposed on the second transmission assembly 3 and electrically connected with a controller of the vehicle, and the potentiometer 91 is configured to detect opening and closing state information of the charging door, and the controller is configured to control the working state of the driving assembly 1 according to the opening and closing state information.

[0094] In a specific implementation, a circuit board 92 can be disposed on the second transmission assembly 3, and a wiring terminal 93 electrically connected with the vehicle is disposed on the entire actuator, so that the potentiometer 91 is electrically connected with the circuit board 92, and is configured to detect the opening and closing state information of the charging door and feed back to the controller, and the controller controls the opening or closing operation of the charging door by positive and negative power supply of the driving assembly 1.

[0095] For example, the opening and closing state information includes whether the charging door is in an open state or a closed state. When the charging door is in the open state, the opening and closing state information further includes the opening angle or the opening position of the charging door.

[0096] Referring to Figures 1 to 6 In addition, the embodiment provides a charging door assembly including the actuator.

[0097] The specific structure and implementation principle of the actuator in the embodiment are the same as those of the actuator provided in the above-described embodiments, and can bring the same or similar technical effects, which will not be described one by one here, and can be referred to the description of the above-described embodiments.

[0098] In addition, referring to Figures 1 to 6 The embodiment further provides a vehicle comprising the charging door assembly.

[0099] The specific structure and implementation principle of the actuator in the embodiment are the same as those of the actuator provided in the above-described embodiments, and can bring the same or similar technical effects, which will not be described one by one here, and can be referred to the description of the above-described embodiments.

[0100] The specific structure and implementation principle of the charging door assembly in the embodiment are the same as those of the charging door assembly provided in the above-described embodiments, and can bring the same or similar technical effects, which will not be described one by one here, and can be referred to the description of the above-described embodiments.

[0101] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms such as "first" and "second" are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "include" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such a process, method, article or device. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "including a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0102] The above description is merely specific embodiments of the present disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure will not be limited to these embodiments described herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An actuator, characterized in that, Includes drive components, first-stage transmission components, and second-stage transmission components; The drive component is driven by the input end of the first-stage transmission component, the input end of the second-stage transmission component is driven by the output end of the first-stage transmission component, and the output end of the second-stage transmission component is used to rotately connect with the charging door of the vehicle. The first-stage transmission assembly is provided with a first clutch structure, which is connected to the input end of the first-stage transmission assembly and has an interference fit with the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly. The second-stage transmission assembly is provided with a second clutch structure, which is connected to the input end of the second-stage transmission assembly and has an interference fit with the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly. The interference fit between the second clutch structure and the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly is less than the interference fit between the first clutch structure and the output end of the first-stage transmission assembly. A one-way locking structure is provided between the input end of the second-stage transmission component and the output end of the second-stage transmission component, and the one-way locking structure is engaged with the output end of the second-stage transmission component in a one-way locking manner.

2. The actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input end of the first-stage transmission component includes a first input gear, the output end of the first-stage transmission component includes a first output gear, the first input gear is in transmission engagement with the drive component, and the first output gear is in transmission engagement with the input end of the second-stage transmission component.

3. The actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first clutch structure includes a first spring, which is engaged in the first input gear and has a clearance fit with the first input gear; The first reed has a first inner cavity, and a portion of the first output gear is located within the first inner cavity and is interference-fitted with the cavity wall of the first inner cavity.

4. The actuator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first input gear has a first receiving cavity, the first spring is located in the first receiving cavity, the first spring is provided with a first snap-fit ​​part, and a second snap-fit ​​part is provided on the cavity wall of the first receiving cavity at a position corresponding to the first snap-fit ​​part, and the first snap-fit ​​part and the second snap-fit ​​part are engaged.

5. The actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The input end of the second-stage transmission component includes a second input gear, and the output end of the second-stage transmission component includes a second output gear. The second input gear is in transmission engagement with the output end of the first-stage transmission component, and the second output gear is connected to the charging gate.

6. The actuator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The one-way locking structure includes a one-way bearing; The second input gear is provided with a second receiving cavity, the one-way bearing is sleeved in the second receiving cavity, and the one-way bearing and the second clutch structure are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the second input gear; the one-way bearing is provided with a receiving cavity, and the second output gear is sleeved in the receiving cavity.

7. The actuator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second clutch structure includes a second spring, which is engaged in the second receiving cavity and has a clearance fit with the cavity wall of the second receiving cavity; The second reed has a second inner cavity, and a portion of the second output gear is located within the second inner cavity and is interference-fitted with the cavity wall of the second inner cavity.

8. The actuator according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second reed is provided with a third locking part, and the cavity wall of the second receiving cavity is provided with a fourth locking part at a position corresponding to the third locking part, and the third locking part and the fourth locking part are engaged in a locking fit.

9. The actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The actuator further includes a third-stage transmission assembly located between the first-stage transmission assembly and the drive assembly; the input end of the third-stage transmission assembly is in transmission engagement with the drive assembly, and the output end of the third-stage transmission assembly is in transmission engagement with the input end of the first-stage transmission assembly. And / or, the actuator further includes a fourth-stage transmission assembly located between the second-stage transmission assembly and the charging door; the input end of the fourth-stage transmission assembly is driven by the output end of the second-stage transmission assembly, and the output end of the fourth-stage transmission assembly is connected to the charging door.

10. The actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The actuator also includes a potentiometer, which is disposed on the second-stage transmission assembly and electrically connected to the vehicle's controller. The potentiometer is used to detect the opening and closing status information of the charging door, and the controller is used to control the working state of the drive assembly according to the opening and closing status information.

11. A charging door assembly, characterized in that, It includes a charging gate and an actuator as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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