Underground flow and pressure remote layered regulation and control tool suitable for three-gas commingled production and use method of underground flow and pressure remote layered regulation and control tool

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground flow pressure remote layering regulation and control tool suitable for three-gas commingling production. The underground flow pressure remote layering regulation and control tool comprises a layering anchoring module and a wireless regulation and control module. The layered anchoring module comprises a central pipe, a slip outer cylinder, a slip piston, a c-shaped ring, a slip, a slip seat, a rubber cylinder piston outer cylinder, a rubber cylinder piston, an upper rubber cylinder seat, a rubber cylinder and a lower rubber cylinder seat; the wireless regulation and control module comprises a throttling nozzle, a throttling connector, a control integration, a hollow shaft motor, a control integration outer cylinder seat, a regulation and control valve rod, a battery, a motor outer cylinder, a battery outer cylinder, a regulation and control outer cylinder, a regulation and control top drive, an upper sealing piece, a lower sealing piece and a regulation and control base. The gap between the upper sealing piece and the lower sealing piece is dynamically adjusted through the wireless adjusting and controlling module, a composite throttling structure is formed in combination with the throttling nozzle, and real-time accurate adjusting and controlling of the flow and pressure of produced natural gas are achieved; meanwhile, the layered anchoring module can enable the tool to be flexibly anchored to different layers of the casing pipe, and the technical problem that a traditional tool is difficult to adapt to multi-layer accurate deployment in the multi-gas commingling production process is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of marine oil and gas resource extraction equipment, and more specifically, it relates to a downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool and its usage method suitable for the combined extraction of three gases (i.e., natural gas hydrate, shallow gas and deep gas). Background Technology

[0002] Natural gas, as a clean, efficient, and low-carbon fossil energy source, exists in gaseous or hydrated form. Compared to conventional fossil energy sources such as coal and crude oil, under the same heat release of 10,000 kcal, the CO2 emissions from natural gas combustion are only 65.8% of those from crude oil combustion, resulting in a carbon emission reduction of one-third, or 46.5% of that from standard coal combustion, exceeding 50%. Therefore, natural gas holds a crucial strategic position in the global energy structure transformation and the achievement of "dual carbon" goals.

[0003] However, during natural gas development, if the produced natural gas contains water and is under high pressure and low temperature conditions, it is easy to generate natural gas hydrates in the wellbore or surface pipeline, leading to blockage of the oil pipe or gas pipeline, which may cause safety accidents in severe cases. In the existing technology, downhole throttling technology is used to install downhole throttling devices at appropriate positions in the oil pipe, using the throttling nozzle to reduce the pressure in the wellbore and use the geothermal temperature to heat the throttled natural gas, thereby inhibiting the secondary formation of hydrates. However, existing downhole throttling devices generally have the following defects: (1) The throttling opening is fixed or the adjustment range is limited, making it impossible to achieve multi-level dynamic control and difficult to adapt to different well conditions and production changes; (2) The structure is complex and the reliability is poor, requiring frequent tripping of the tubing string for maintenance or replacement, resulting in high operating costs; (3) There is no wireless remote control function, requiring manual intervention for adjustment, resulting in low production efficiency; (4) There is a lack of downhole self-power supply capability, relying on cable power supply or battery power supply, resulting in limited endurance and restricting long-term continuous operation.

[0004] my country has conducted three rounds of trial production of natural gas hydrates in a certain sea area: in 2017, a continuous trial production using the depressurization method was carried out for 60 days, with a cumulative gas production of 30.9 × 10⁻⁶. 4 m 3 It set a world record for continuous gas production time; in May of the same year, it successfully conducted the world's first solid-state fluidized bed gas extraction test of marine hydrates in the Shenhu sea area, with a recovery rate of 80.1%; in the third round of test extraction in 2020, the cumulative gas production over 30 days reached 86.14 × 10⁻⁶. 4 m 3 Daily gas production is 2.87 × 10 4 m 3 Although the trial has achieved some success, the production capacity has not yet reached the level of commercial mining, and there are still problems such as low equipment utilization and high operating costs.

[0005] Studies have shown that free gas and shallow gas are typically found beneath natural gas hydrate reservoirs, and conventional gas fields often coexist near the hydrates, suggesting that all three may originate from a common source rock. To improve natural gas production capacity, fully utilize extraction equipment, and reduce economic costs, Chinese scholars have innovatively proposed a vertical, three-dimensional development model of "natural gas hydrate-shallow gas-deep gas," requiring the development of tiered, multi-stage control tools adapted to the combined extraction of these three gases. However, existing control and production allocation tools cannot meet the following requirements:

[0006] ① It has a downhole throttling function to reduce the pressure of produced natural gas and prevent pipeline natural gas from generating hydrates that block the production pipeline and cause safety accidents;

[0007] ② It meets the requirements of natural gas extraction or natural gas hydrate three-gas combined extraction technology. The tool can be flexibly installed at any required gas production layer and at different depths in the wellbore, so that different layers can be controlled in layers;

[0008] ③ It has wireless remote control, which can remotely adjust the opening of the downhole throttle to improve production efficiency;

[0009] ④ It has an autonomous power generation function downhole, which can ensure that the tool can work continuously downhole for a long time, reduce the need for tripping the tubing string and reinstalling the tool, and reduce the overall operation difficulty and cost.

[0010] To overcome the aforementioned technical limitations and realize the large-scale, commercial exploitation of marine natural gas hydrates, it is urgent to develop an intelligent control tool that integrates downhole throttling, stratified regulation, remote wireless control, and autonomous power generation functions. This tool will address the insufficient adaptability of existing equipment in multi-layer gas hydrate exploitation and provide key equipment support for my country's natural gas hydrate development engineering technology system. Summary of the Invention

[0011] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention provides a downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool suitable for the combined production of three types of gas (natural gas hydrate, shallow gas, and deep gas). It aims to address the problem of remotely, efficiently, and conveniently controlling the flow and pressure of produced natural gas in the vertical three-dimensional combined production process of natural gas hydrate, shallow gas, and deep gas, thereby throttling the produced natural gas and meeting the requirements of natural gas extraction and the combined production of three types of gas.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0013] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool suitable for three-gas combined production, including a stratified anchoring module and a wireless control module;

[0014] The layered anchoring module includes a central tube, a slip outer cylinder, a slip piston, a first C-ring, slips, a slip seat, a rubber sleeve piston outer cylinder, a rubber sleeve piston, a second C-ring, an upper rubber sleeve seat, a rubber sleeve, and a lower rubber sleeve seat. The upper end of the central tube is adapted to connect with a retrieval tool. The slip outer cylinder is fitted into the middle of the central tube with a first annular gap between them. The slip piston is fitted into the first annular gap between the central tube and the slip outer cylinder and can move axially along the central tube. The first C-ring is mounted on the slip piston. The slip is mounted on the lower part of the slip outer cylinder, and the slip seat is mounted on the lower part of the slip outer cylinder. The outer cylinder of the rubber sleeve piston is sleeved on the central tube located below the slip seat, and there is a second annular space between them. The rubber sleeve piston is sleeved in the second annular space between the central tube and the outer cylinder of the rubber sleeve piston and can also move axially along the central tube. The second C-shaped ring is installed on the rubber sleeve piston. The upper rubber sleeve seat and the lower rubber sleeve seat are installed at intervals on the lower part of the outer cylinder of the rubber sleeve piston, and the rubber sleeve is sleeved on the upper rubber sleeve seat and the lower rubber sleeve seat. The upper middle part and the lower middle part of the central tube are respectively provided with a first hydraulic hole and a second hydraulic hole along the circumferential direction, and the first hydraulic hole and the second hydraulic hole are respectively connected to the first annular space and the second annular space.

[0015] The wireless control module includes a throttling nozzle, a throttling connector, a control unit, a hollow shaft motor, a control unit outer cylinder seat, a control valve stem, a battery, a motor outer cylinder, a battery outer cylinder, a control outer cylinder, a control top drive, an upper sealing plate, a lower sealing plate, and a control base. The throttling connector is connected to the central tube through the lower rubber sleeve seat. The throttling nozzle is installed inside the throttling connector. The control unit outer cylinder seat is installed at the lower part of the throttling connector. The control unit is installed inside the throttling connector and the control unit outer cylinder seat. The motor outer cylinder is installed at the lower part of the control unit outer cylinder seat. The hollow shaft motor is installed inside the control unit outer cylinder seat and the motor outer cylinder. The upper end of the control valve stem is mounted on... The battery outer cylinder is installed on the rotor inside the hollow shaft motor. The battery is installed inside the motor outer cylinder and the battery outer cylinder and is electrically connected to the control integration and the hollow shaft motor. The control outer cylinder is installed below the battery outer cylinder. The control base is installed inside the control outer cylinder, and a natural gas flow channel is formed in the middle of the control base. The control top drive is rotatably installed on the control base, and the lower end of the control valve stem is connected to the control top drive. Several upper and lower sealing plates are continuously installed in two or three directions inside the control base to form an openable and closable structure, and the control top drive is connected to the upper and lower sealing plates.

[0016] Preferably, the downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool also includes a downhole power supply module, which includes a turbine generator, a generator outer cylinder, and a sand screen. The generator outer cylinder is installed at the lower part of the control outer cylinder, the turbine generator is installed inside the generator outer cylinder, and the sand screen is installed at the lower part of the generator outer cylinder. The turbine generator is configured to generate electricity using the produced natural gas and transmit it to the battery for storage.

[0017] Preferably, a first annular truncated cone and a second annular truncated cone are respectively provided at the middle and bottom of the central tube. The first annular truncated cone is connected to the central tube and the slip seat by a fixing pin, and the second annular truncated cone is connected to the lower rubber sleeve seat and the throttling connector by a shearing pin.

[0018] Preferably, the lower wall of the outer cylinder of the slip is provided with a plurality of rectangular grooves along the circumference, and a slip is installed in each rectangular groove. The inner wall of the outer cylinder of the slip is provided with a first annular groove, and the inner wall of the outer cylinder of the rubber sleeve piston is provided with a second annular groove.

[0019] Preferably, the lower part of the control valve stem is provided with an annular boss, and the bottom of the annular boss is provided with a plurality of arc grooves spaced apart along the circumference. Correspondingly, the upper end face of the control top drive is provided with a plurality of arc platforms spaced apart along the circumference, the inner edge is provided with a plurality of snap-fit ​​grooves spaced apart along the circumference, and the lower end face is provided with a plurality of sliding pins spaced apart along the circumference. The arc platforms on the upper end face of the control top drive are engaged with the arc grooves at the bottom of the control valve stem.

[0020] Preferably, the upper surface of the control base is provided with a plurality of buckles and a plurality of first sliding grooves at circumferential intervals, and the first sliding grooves are located inside the buckles; the buckle grooves on the lower surface of the control top drive are matched and installed one by one with the buckles on the upper surface of the control base, and the buckles can slide in the buckle grooves.

[0021] Preferably, the lower sealing sheet has an irregular quadrilateral structure, with a sealing guide rail platform on one side and a first sealing guide rail groove on the adjacent side, a first sliding platform on the lower end face, and a second sliding groove on the upper end face; several lower sealing sheets are arranged sequentially along the circumference in the natural gas flow channel of the control base, and the first sliding platform on the lower end face of each lower sealing sheet is installed in a one-to-one correspondence with several first sliding grooves on the upper end face of the control base, and can slide in the first sliding groove.

[0022] Preferably, the upper sealing sheet is also an irregular quadrilateral structure. One side of the upper sealing sheet is provided with a guide rail, and the adjacent side is provided with a second sealing guide rail groove. The upper end face is provided with a third sliding groove, and the lower end face is provided with a second sliding platform. Several upper sealing sheets are arranged circumferentially in the natural gas flow channel of the control base located above the upper sealing sheets. The guide rail of the upper sealing sheet is installed in a one-to-one correspondence with the first sealing guide rail groove of the lower sealing sheet. The second sliding platform is installed in a one-to-one correspondence with the first sliding groove on the upper end face of the control base and can slide in the first sliding groove.

[0023] Preferably, the sealing guide rail of the last lower sealing sheet arranged circumferentially is fitted with the second sealing guide rail groove of the first upper sealing sheet arranged circumferentially, and the sliding column of the lower end face of the regulating top drive is fitted with the third sliding groove of the upper end face of the upper sealing sheet and the second sliding groove of the upper end face of the lower sealing sheet in a one-to-one correspondence, and the sliding column can slide in the third sliding groove and the second sliding groove.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for using the downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool as described in the first aspect of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Insertion tool: Insert the insertion tool and the remote layer control tool into the predetermined position inside the casing;

[0026] Anchoring and Sealing: After the remote stratified control tool is delivered to the predetermined position, a steel ball is placed into the central tube and drilling fluid is injected into the central tube. Due to the pressure of the steel ball, the drilling fluid enters the first annulus between the outer cylinder of the slip and the central tube and the second annulus between the outer cylinder of the rubber sleeve piston and the central tube from the first hydraulic hole and the second hydraulic hole of the central tube, respectively. The drilling fluid pushes the slip piston and the rubber sleeve piston to move axially downward. The slip piston pushes the slip to extend and anchor on the casing. The rubber sleeve piston squeezes the rubber sleeve and expands radially to contact the casing. When the slip piston moves to the point where the first C-shaped ring is aligned with the first annular groove on the inner wall of the slip outer cylinder and the rubber sleeve piston moves to the point where the second C-shaped ring is aligned with the second annular groove on the inner wall of the rubber sleeve piston outer cylinder, the first C-shaped ring and the second C-shaped ring are no longer squeezed and expand, entering the first annular groove and the second annular groove, respectively. At this time, the slip piston and the rubber sleeve piston no longer move axially, completing the anchoring and sealing of the remote stratified control tool.

[0027] Remove the insertion tool: After the remote layered control tool has completed anchoring and sealing, stop injecting drilling fluid into the central tube and remove the insertion tool and steel ball;

[0028] Pressure Reduction and Production Adjustment: After the remote stratified control tool is anchored and starts working, when the flow and pressure of natural gas in the well are adjusted according to the production process, the surface control system sends instructions to the remote stratified control tool via radio electromagnetic waves. The control integration receives and processes the instructions, controlling the rotor of the hollow shaft motor to rotate, which drives the control valve stem to rotate. The rotation of the control valve stem drives the control top drive to rotate, thereby causing the upper and lower sealing plates to slide, changing the area of ​​the natural gas flow channel. The adjusted natural gas flow channel cooperates with the throttle nozzle to regulate the flow and pressure of natural gas.

[0029] Tool Retrieval: When the remote stratification control tool has completed its work and needs to be retrieved, lower the retrieval tool and connect it to the central tube. Lift the retrieval tool, and the retrieval tool will cause the central tube to cut off the shear pin connecting the central tube to the lower rubber sleeve seat and the throttling connector. The central tube will move axially upward, causing the slip piston and the rubber sleeve piston to move axially upward. The slip piston will cause the first C-ring to disengage from the first annular groove, and the rubber sleeve piston will cause the second C-ring to disengage from the second annular groove. The slip will no longer be squeezed by the slip piston and will be released from its anchoring state. The rubber sleeve will no longer be squeezed by the rubber sleeve piston and will spring back to its original position, releasing the sealing state. Continue to lift the retrieval tool to retrieve the remote stratification control tool.

[0030] The present invention has the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical solutions:

[0031] 1. This invention dynamically adjusts the gap between the upper and lower sealing plates using a wireless control module, forming a composite throttling structure with a throttling nozzle, thereby achieving real-time and precise control of the produced natural gas flow and pressure. Simultaneously, the layered anchoring module can flexibly anchor the tool to different layers of the casing, solving the technical problem that traditional tools are difficult to adapt to the precise deployment of multiple layers in multi-gas combined production processes, and providing an efficient and adaptable solution for the vertical three-dimensional production of various types of gas reservoirs such as natural gas hydrates, shallow gas, and deep gas.

[0032] 2. This invention can send electromagnetic wave commands to the control integration via the ground control system. The electromagnetic wave control integration controls the rotation of the hollow shaft motor, which drives the control valve rod to rotate, thus achieving regulation. This breaks through the limitations of traditional downhole tools that rely on mechanical transmission or wired control. It meets the purpose of production matching for multi-gas vertical three-dimensional synergistic production processes of natural gas hydrate, shallow gas, and deep gas, and realizes remote, convenient, and efficient control of the stratified regulation tool.

[0033] 3. This invention uses the produced natural gas to generate electricity through the turbine shaft via the downhole power generation module, which powers the multi-stage throttling mechanism of the downhole throttling device, enabling the downhole throttling device to be self-powered, allowing the tool to work continuously downhole for a long time, and reducing the overall operation difficulty and cost. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the central tube provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the outer cylinder of the slip provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the outer cylinder of the rubber piston provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the control valve stem provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the control top drive provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper sealing sheet provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower sealing sheet provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control base provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the closed state of the natural gas flow channel in the wireless control module of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the natural gas flow channel adjustment process in the wireless control module of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the fully open natural gas flow channel in the wireless control module of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 13 This is a flowchart illustrating the usage method of the downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0048] The labels for the attached figures are as follows:

[0049] 1-Center tube; 2-Outer cylinder of the slip; 3-Slip piston; 4-First C-ring; 5-Slip; 6-Slip seat; 7-Outer cylinder of the rubber sleeve piston; 8-Rubber sleeve piston; 9-Second C-ring; 10-Upper rubber sleeve seat; 11-Rubber sleeve; 12-Lower rubber sleeve seat; 13-Throttle nozzle; 14-Throttle connector; 15-Control integration; 16-Hollow shaft motor; 17-Outer cylinder seat of control integration; 18-Regulating valve stem; 19-Battery; 20-Motor outer cylinder; 21-Battery outer cylinder; 22-Regulating outer cylinder; 23-Regulating top drive; 4-Upper sealing plate; 25-Lower sealing plate; 26-Regulating base; 27-Turbine generator; 28-Generator outer cylinder; 29-Sandproof mesh;

[0050] 101-First hydraulic hole; 102-First annular frustum; 103-Second hydraulic hole; 104-First annular frustum; 201-Rectangular groove; 202-First annular groove; 701-Second annular groove; 1801-Annular boss; 1802-Circular arc groove; 2301-Circular arc platform; 2302-Snap-fit ​​groove; 2303-Sliding column; 2401-Guide rail; 2402-Second sealing guide rail groove; 2403-Third sliding groove; 2404-Second sliding table; 2501-Sealing guide rail platform; 2502-First sealing guide rail groove; 2503-First sliding table; 2504-Second sliding groove; 2601-Snap-fit; 2602-First sliding groove. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0053] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0054] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0055] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0056] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0057] This invention provides a downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool suitable for three-gas combined production, comprising a stratified anchoring module and a wireless control module. The stratified anchoring module includes a central tube, slip outer cylinder, slip piston, C-ring, slips, slip seat, rubber sleeve piston outer cylinder, rubber sleeve piston, upper rubber sleeve seat, rubber sleeve, and lower rubber sleeve seat. The wireless control module includes a throttling nozzle, throttling connector, control integration, hollow shaft motor, control integration outer cylinder seat, control valve stem, battery, motor outer cylinder, battery outer cylinder, control outer cylinder, control top drive, upper sealing plate, lower sealing plate, and control base. This invention dynamically adjusts the gap between the upper and lower sealing plates through the wireless control module, forming a composite throttling structure with the throttling nozzle, achieving real-time and precise control of the produced natural gas flow and pressure. Simultaneously, the stratified anchoring module allows the tool to flexibly anchor at different layers of the casing, solving the technical challenge of traditional tools being unable to adapt to multi-layer precise deployment in multi-gas combined production processes.

[0058] The following is a detailed description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, of the downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool for combined gas production and its usage method provided by the embodiments of the present invention.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 The present invention provides a downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool suitable for three-gas combined production, comprising a stratified anchoring module and a wireless control module.

[0061] The layered anchoring module includes a central tube 1, a slip outer cylinder 2, a slip piston 3, a first C-ring 4, a slip 5, a slip seat 6, a rubber sleeve piston outer cylinder 7, a rubber sleeve piston 8, a second C-ring 9, an upper rubber sleeve seat 10, a rubber sleeve 11, and a lower rubber sleeve seat 12. The upper end of the central tube 1 is adapted to connect with a retrieval tool (not shown in the figure). The slip outer cylinder 2 is fitted in the middle of the central tube 1 with a first annular gap between them. The slip piston 3 is fitted in the first annular gap between the central tube 1 and the slip outer cylinder 2 and can move axially along the central tube 1. The first C-ring 4 is installed on the slip piston 3. The slip 5 is installed at the lower part of the slip outer cylinder 2, and the slip seat 6 is installed at the lower part of the slip outer cylinder 2. The outer cylinder 7 of the rubber sleeve piston is sleeved on the central tube 1 located below the slip seat 6, with a second annular space between them. The rubber sleeve piston 8 is sleeved in the second annular space between the central tube 1 and the outer cylinder 7 of the rubber sleeve piston, and can also move axially along the central tube 1. The second C-shaped ring 9 is installed on the rubber sleeve piston 8. The upper rubber sleeve seat 10 and the lower rubber sleeve seat 12 are installed at intervals on the lower part of the outer cylinder 7 of the rubber sleeve piston. The rubber sleeve 11 is sleeved on the upper rubber sleeve seat 10 and the lower rubber sleeve seat 12. The upper middle part and the lower middle part of the central tube 1 are respectively provided with a first hydraulic hole 101 and a second hydraulic hole 103 along the circumferential direction, and the first hydraulic hole 101 and the second hydraulic hole 103 are respectively connected to the first annular space and the second annular space.

[0062] The wireless control module includes a throttle nozzle 13, a throttle connector 14, a control integration unit 15, a hollow shaft motor 16, a control integration outer cylinder seat 17, a control valve stem 18, a battery 19, a motor outer cylinder 20, a battery outer cylinder 21, a control outer cylinder 22, a control top drive 23, an upper sealing plate 24, a lower sealing plate 25, and a control base 26. Throttling connector 14 is connected to central pipe 1 via lower rubber sleeve seat 12. Throttling nozzle 13 is installed inside throttling connector 14. Control integration outer cylinder seat 17 is installed at the lower part of throttling connector 14. Control integration 15 is installed inside throttling connector 14 and control integration outer cylinder seat 17. Motor outer cylinder 20 is installed at the lower part of control integration outer cylinder seat 17. Hollow shaft motor 16 is installed inside control integration outer cylinder seat 17 and motor outer cylinder 20. The upper end of regulating valve stem 18 is installed on the rotor inside hollow shaft motor 16. Battery outer cylinder 21 is installed at the lower part of motor outer cylinder 20. Battery 19 is installed inside motor outer cylinder 20 and battery outer cylinder 21 and is electrically connected to control integration 15 and hollow shaft motor 16. Control outer cylinder 22 is installed at the lower part of battery outer cylinder 21. Regulating base 26 is installed inside controlling outer cylinder 22, and a natural gas flow channel is formed in the middle of regulating base 26. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 10 The top drive 23 is rotatably mounted on the control base 26, and the lower end of the control valve stem 18 is connected to the top drive 23. Several sets of upper sealing plates 24 and lower sealing plates 25 are continuously installed in two or three directions within the control base 26 to form an openable and closable structure, and the top drive 23 is connected to the upper sealing plates 24 and lower sealing plates 25. Thus, the control valve stem 18 is driven to rotate by the hollow shaft motor 16, the rotation of the control valve stem 18 drives the top drive 23 to rotate, and the top drive 23 drives the upper sealing plates 24 and lower sealing plates 25 to rotate to change their gap, thereby changing the area of ​​the natural gas flow channel in the control base 26.

[0063] In the above embodiments, preferably, please continue to refer to... Figure 1 The downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool also includes a downhole power supply module, which includes a turbine generator 27, a generator outer cylinder 28, and a sand screen 29. The generator outer cylinder 28 is installed at the lower part of the control outer cylinder 22, the turbine generator 27 is installed inside the generator outer cylinder 28, and the sand screen 29 is installed at the lower part of the generator outer cylinder 28. The turbine generator 27 is configured to generate electricity using the produced natural gas and transmit it to the battery 19 for storage.

[0064] In the above embodiments, preferably, please refer to Figure 2 The center tube 1 has a first annular truncated cone 102 and a second annular truncated cone 104 respectively in the middle and bottom. The first annular truncated cone 102 is connected to the center tube 1 and the clamp seat 6 by a fixing pin, and the second annular truncated cone 104 is connected to the lower rubber sleeve seat 12 and the throttling connector 14 by a shearing pin.

[0065] In the above embodiments, preferably, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 The lower wall of the outer cylinder 2 of the slip is provided with several rectangular grooves 201 along the circumference. Each rectangular groove 201 is equipped with a slip 5. The inner wall of the outer cylinder 2 of the slip is provided with a first annular groove 202, and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 7 of the rubber sleeve piston is provided with a second annular groove 701.

[0066] In the above embodiments, preferably, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 The lower part of the control valve stem 18 is provided with an annular boss 1801. The bottom of the annular boss 1801 is provided with several arc grooves 1802 spaced apart along the circumference. Correspondingly, the upper end surface of the control top drive 23 is provided with several arc platforms 2301 spaced apart along the circumference, the inner edge is provided with several snap-fit ​​grooves 2302 spaced apart along the circumference, and the lower end surface is provided with several sliding pillars 2303 spaced apart along the circumference. The arc platforms 2301 on the upper end surface of the control top drive 23 are engaged with the arc grooves 1802 at the bottom of the control valve stem 18.

[0067] In the above embodiments, preferably, please refer to Figure 9 The upper surface of the control base 26 is provided with a plurality of latches 2601 and a plurality of first sliding grooves 2602 at intervals along the circumference, and the first sliding grooves 2602 are located inside the latches 2601. The latch grooves 2302 on the lower surface of the control top drive 23 are fitted and installed in a one-to-one correspondence with the latches 2601 on the upper surface of the control base 26, and the latches 2601 can slide in the latch grooves 2302.

[0068] In the above embodiments, preferably, please refer to Figure 8 The lower sealing plate 25 has an irregular quadrilateral structure. One side of the lower sealing plate 25 has a sealing guide rail 2501, and the adjacent side has a first sealing guide rail groove 2502. The lower end face has a first sliding platform 2503, and the upper end face has a second sliding groove 2504. Several lower sealing plates 25 are arranged circumferentially within the natural gas flow channel of the control base 26. The first sliding platform 2503 on the lower end face of each lower sealing plate 25 corresponds one-to-one with several first sliding grooves 2602 on the upper end face of the control base 26, and can slide within the first sliding grooves 2602.

[0069] In the above embodiments, preferably, please refer to Figure 7The upper sealing plate 24 is also an irregular quadrilateral structure. One side of the upper sealing plate 24 has a guide rail 2401, and the adjacent side has a second sealing guide rail groove 2402. The upper end face has a third sliding groove 2403, and the lower end face has a second sliding platform 2404. Several upper sealing plates 24 are arranged circumferentially within the natural gas flow channel of the regulating base 26 located above the upper sealing plates 24. The guide rails 2401 of the upper sealing plates 24 are installed in a one-to-one correspondence with the first sealing guide rail grooves 2502 of the lower sealing plate 25. The second sliding platform 2404 is installed in a one-to-one correspondence with the first sliding groove 2602 on the upper end face of the regulating base 26, and can slide within the first sliding groove 2602.

[0070] Meanwhile, the sealing guide rail 2501 of the last lower sealing plate 25 arranged circumferentially is installed in conjunction with the second sealing guide rail groove 2403 of the first upper sealing plate 24 arranged circumferentially. The sliding column 2303 on the lower end face of the control top drive 23 is installed in conjunction with the third sliding groove 2403 on the upper end face of the upper sealing plate 24 and the second sliding groove 2504 on the upper end face of the lower sealing plate 25. The sliding column 2303 can slide in the third sliding groove 2403 and the second sliding groove 2504. With the above configuration, when the sliding column 2303 at the lower part of the control top drive 23 slides within the third sliding groove 2403 on the upper end face of the upper sealing plate 24 and the second sliding groove 2504 on the upper end face of the lower sealing plate 25, it drives the second sliding platform 2404 on the lower end face of the upper sealing plate 24 and the first sliding platform 2503 on the lower end face of the lower sealing plate 25 to slide along the first sliding groove 2602 on the upper end face of the control base 26. This drives the upper sealing plate 24 and the lower sealing plate 25 to rotate, thereby changing their gap and thus changing the area of ​​the natural gas flow channel of the control base 26 (see [link]). Figures 10 to 12 ).

[0071] Example 2

[0072] Please see Figure 13 Based on the downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool for three-gas combined production provided in Embodiment 1, this embodiment also provides a method for using the downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool, including the following steps:

[0073] S100. Insertion tool: Insert the insertion tool and the remote layer control tool into the predetermined position inside the casing;

[0074] S200. Anchoring and Setting: After the remote layered control tool is delivered to the predetermined position, a steel ball is placed into the central tube 1 and drilling fluid is injected into the central tube 1. Due to the pressure from the steel ball, the drilling fluid enters the first annulus between the outer cylinder of the slips 2 and the central tube 1 and the second annulus between the outer cylinder of the rubber sleeve piston 7 and the central tube 1 through the first hydraulic hole 101 and the second hydraulic hole 103 of the central tube 1, respectively. The drilling fluid pushes the slip piston 3 and the rubber sleeve piston 8 to move axially downward. The slip piston 3 pushes the slips 5 to extend and anchor on the casing, and the rubber sleeve piston 8 squeezes... When the pressure cylinder 11 compresses and expands radially to contact the sleeve, the slip piston 3 moves to the point where the first C-shaped ring 4 aligns with the first annular groove 202 on the inner wall of the slip outer cylinder 2, and the rubber cylinder piston 8 moves to the point where the second C-shaped ring 9 aligns with the second annular groove 701 on the inner wall of the rubber cylinder piston outer cylinder 7, the first C-shaped ring 4 and the second C-shaped ring 9 are no longer compressed and expand to enter the first annular groove 202 and the second annular groove 701 respectively. At this time, the slip piston 3 and the rubber cylinder piston 8 no longer move axially, completing the anchoring and sealing of the remote layered control tool.

[0075] S300. Remove the insertion tool: After the remote layered control tool has completed anchoring and sealing, stop injecting drilling fluid into the central tube 1 and remove the insertion tool and steel ball;

[0076] S400. Pressure Reduction and Production Adjustment: After the remote stratified control tool is anchored and starts working, when the flow and pressure of natural gas in the well are adjusted according to the production process, the ground control system sends a command to the remote stratified control tool via radio electromagnetic waves. The control integration 14 receives and processes the command, controls the rotor of the hollow shaft motor 16 to rotate, drives the control valve stem 18 to rotate, and the rotation of the control valve stem 18 drives the control top drive 23 to rotate, thereby driving the upper sealing plate 24 and the lower sealing plate 25 to slide, changing the area of ​​the natural gas flow channel. The adjusted natural gas flow channel cooperates with the throttle nozzle 13 to adjust the flow and pressure of natural gas.

[0077] S500. Retrieve Tool: When the remote stratification control tool needs to be retrieved after completing its work, lower the retrieval tool and connect it to the central tube 1. Lift the retrieval tool, and the retrieval tool will cause the central tube 1 to cut the shear pin connecting the central tube 1 to the lower rubber sleeve seat 12 and the throttling connector 14. The central tube 1 will move axially upward, causing the slip piston 3 and the rubber sleeve piston 8 to move axially upward. The slip piston 3 will cause the first C-ring 4 to disengage from the first annular groove 202, and the rubber sleeve piston 8 will cause the second C-ring 9 to disengage from the second annular groove 701. The slip 5 will no longer be squeezed by the slip piston 3 and will be released from its anchoring state. The rubber sleeve 11 will no longer be squeezed by the rubber sleeve piston 8 and will rebound to its original state, releasing the sealing state. Continue to lift the retrieval tool to retrieve the remote stratification control tool.

[0078] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool suitable for three-gas combined production, characterized in that, Includes a layered anchoring module and a wireless control module; The layered anchoring module includes a central tube, a slip outer cylinder, a slip piston, a first C-ring, slips, a slip seat, a rubber sleeve piston outer cylinder, a rubber sleeve piston, a second C-ring, an upper rubber sleeve seat, a rubber sleeve, and a lower rubber sleeve seat. The upper end of the central tube is adapted to connect with a retrieval tool. The slip outer cylinder is fitted into the middle of the central tube with a first annular gap between them. The slip piston is fitted into the first annular gap between the central tube and the slip outer cylinder and can move axially along the central tube. The first C-ring is mounted on the slip piston. The slip is mounted on the lower part of the slip outer cylinder, and the slip seat is mounted on the lower part of the slip outer cylinder. The outer cylinder of the rubber sleeve piston is sleeved on the central tube located below the slip seat, and there is a second annular space between them. The rubber sleeve piston is sleeved in the second annular space between the central tube and the outer cylinder of the rubber sleeve piston and can also move axially along the central tube. The second C-shaped ring is installed on the rubber sleeve piston. The upper rubber sleeve seat and the lower rubber sleeve seat are installed at intervals on the lower part of the outer cylinder of the rubber sleeve piston, and the rubber sleeve is sleeved on the upper rubber sleeve seat and the lower rubber sleeve seat. The upper middle part and the lower middle part of the central tube are respectively provided with a first hydraulic hole and a second hydraulic hole along the circumferential direction, and the first hydraulic hole and the second hydraulic hole are respectively connected to the first annular space and the second annular space. The wireless control module includes a throttling nozzle, a throttling connector, a control unit, a hollow shaft motor, a control unit outer cylinder seat, a control valve stem, a battery, a motor outer cylinder, a battery outer cylinder, a control outer cylinder, a control top drive, an upper sealing plate, a lower sealing plate, and a control base. The throttling connector is connected to the central tube through the lower rubber sleeve seat. The throttling nozzle is installed inside the throttling connector. The control unit outer cylinder seat is installed at the lower part of the throttling connector. The control unit is installed inside the throttling connector and the control unit outer cylinder seat. The motor outer cylinder is installed at the lower part of the control unit outer cylinder seat. The hollow shaft motor is installed inside the control unit outer cylinder seat and the motor outer cylinder. The upper end of the control valve stem is mounted on... The battery outer cylinder is installed on the rotor inside the hollow shaft motor. The battery is installed inside the motor outer cylinder and the battery outer cylinder and is electrically connected to the control integration and the hollow shaft motor. The control outer cylinder is installed below the battery outer cylinder. The control base is installed inside the control outer cylinder, and a natural gas flow channel is formed in the middle of the control base. The control top drive is rotatably installed on the control base, and the lower end of the control valve stem is connected to the control top drive. Several upper and lower sealing plates are continuously installed in two or three directions inside the control base to form an openable and closable structure, and the control top drive is connected to the upper and lower sealing plates.

2. The downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a downhole power supply module, which includes a turbine generator, a generator outer cylinder, and a sand screen. The generator outer cylinder is installed at the lower part of the control outer cylinder, the turbine generator is installed inside the generator outer cylinder, and the sand screen is installed at the lower part of the generator outer cylinder. The turbine generator is configured to generate electricity using the produced natural gas and transmit it to the battery for storage.

3. The downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central tube has a first annular truncated cone and a second annular truncated cone respectively at its middle and bottom. The first annular truncated cone is connected to the central tube and the slip seat by a fixing pin, and the second annular truncated cone is connected to the lower rubber sleeve seat and the throttling connector by a shearing pin.

4. The downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower wall of the outer cylinder of the slip is provided with a number of rectangular grooves along the circumference, and a slip is installed in each rectangular groove. The inner wall of the outer cylinder of the slip is provided with a first annular groove, and the inner wall of the outer cylinder of the rubber sleeve piston is provided with a second annular groove.

5. The downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower part of the control valve stem is provided with an annular boss, and the bottom of the annular boss is provided with a number of arc grooves spaced apart along the circumference. Correspondingly, the upper end face of the control top drive is provided with a number of arc platforms spaced apart along the circumference, the inner edge is provided with a number of snap-fit ​​grooves spaced apart along the circumference, and the lower end face is provided with a number of sliding pillars spaced apart along the circumference. The arc platforms on the upper end face of the control top drive are engaged with the arc grooves at the bottom of the control valve stem.

6. The downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper surface of the control base is provided with a plurality of buckles and a plurality of first sliding grooves at intervals along the circumference, and the first sliding grooves are located inside the buckles; the buckle grooves on the lower surface of the control top drive are matched and installed one by one with the buckles on the upper surface of the control base, and the buckles can slide in the buckle grooves.

7. The downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lower sealing plate has an irregular quadrilateral structure. One side of the lower sealing plate is provided with a sealing guide rail platform, and the adjacent side is provided with a first sealing guide rail groove. The lower end face is provided with a first sliding platform, and the upper end face is provided with a second sliding groove. Several lower sealing plates are arranged in sequence along the circumference in the natural gas flow channel of the control base. The first sliding platform on the lower end face of each lower sealing plate is installed in a one-to-one correspondence with several first sliding grooves on the upper end face of the control base, and can slide in the first sliding groove.

8. The downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper sealing plate is also an irregular quadrilateral structure. One side of the upper sealing plate is provided with a guide rail, and the adjacent side is provided with a second sealing guide rail groove. The upper end face is provided with a third sliding groove, and the lower end face is provided with a second sliding platform. Several upper sealing plates are arranged circumferentially in the natural gas flow channel of the control base located above the upper sealing plates. The guide rail of the upper sealing plate is installed in a one-to-one correspondence with the first sealing guide rail groove of the lower sealing plate. The second sliding platform is installed in a one-to-one correspondence with the first sliding groove on the upper end face of the control base and can slide in the first sliding groove.

9. The downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sealing guide rail of the last lower sealing sheet arranged circumferentially is installed in conjunction with the second sealing guide groove of the first upper sealing sheet arranged circumferentially. The sliding column of the lower end face of the regulating top drive is installed in conjunction with the third sliding groove of the upper end face of the upper sealing sheet and the second sliding groove of the upper end face of the lower sealing sheet, and the sliding column can slide in the third sliding groove and the second sliding groove.

10. A method of using the downhole flow and pressure remote stratified control tool as described in any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Insertion tool: Insert the insertion tool and the remote layer control tool into the predetermined position inside the casing; Anchoring and Sealing: After the remote stratified control tool is delivered to the predetermined position, a steel ball is placed into the central tube and drilling fluid is injected into the central tube. Due to the pressure of the steel ball, the drilling fluid enters the first annulus between the outer cylinder of the slip and the central tube and the second annulus between the outer cylinder of the rubber sleeve piston and the central tube from the first hydraulic hole and the second hydraulic hole of the central tube, respectively. The drilling fluid pushes the slip piston and the rubber sleeve piston to move axially downward. The slip piston pushes the slip to extend and anchor on the casing. The rubber sleeve piston squeezes the rubber sleeve and expands radially to contact the casing. When the slip piston moves to the point where the first C-shaped ring is aligned with the first annular groove on the inner wall of the slip outer cylinder and the rubber sleeve piston moves to the point where the second C-shaped ring is aligned with the second annular groove on the inner wall of the rubber sleeve piston outer cylinder, the first C-shaped ring and the second C-shaped ring are no longer squeezed and expand, entering the first annular groove and the second annular groove, respectively. At this time, the slip piston and the rubber sleeve piston no longer move axially, completing the anchoring and sealing of the remote stratified control tool. Remove the insertion tool: After the remote layered control tool has completed anchoring and sealing, stop injecting drilling fluid into the central tube and remove the insertion tool and steel ball; Pressure Reduction and Production Adjustment: After the remote stratified control tool is anchored and starts working, when the flow and pressure of natural gas in the well are adjusted according to the production process, the surface control system sends instructions to the remote stratified control tool via radio electromagnetic waves. The control integration receives and processes the instructions, controlling the rotor of the hollow shaft motor to rotate, which drives the control valve stem to rotate. The rotation of the control valve stem drives the control top drive to rotate, thereby causing the upper and lower sealing plates to slide, changing the area of ​​the natural gas flow channel. The adjusted natural gas flow channel cooperates with the throttle nozzle to regulate the flow and pressure of natural gas. Tool Retrieval: When the remote stratification control tool has completed its work and needs to be retrieved, lower the retrieval tool and connect it to the central tube. Lift the retrieval tool, and the retrieval tool will cause the central tube to cut off the shear pin connecting the central tube to the lower rubber sleeve seat and the throttling connector. The central tube will move axially upward, causing the slip piston and the rubber sleeve piston to move axially upward. The slip piston will cause the first C-ring to disengage from the first annular groove, and the rubber sleeve piston will cause the second C-ring to disengage from the second annular groove. The slip will no longer be squeezed by the slip piston and will be released from its anchoring state. The rubber sleeve will no longer be squeezed by the rubber sleeve piston and will spring back to its original position, releasing the sealing state. Continue to lift the retrieval tool to retrieve the remote stratification control tool.

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