Full-section anchor net stubble pressing process under driving and anchoring all-in-one machine

Abstract

The invention provides a full-section anchor net stubble pressing process under a digging and anchoring all-in-one machine, and relates to the technical field of coal mining, and the full-section anchor net stubble pressing process comprises the following steps: S1, installing three rows of anchor nets after a heading face fully-mechanized heading machine cuts two rows, jacking the anchor nets by using an onboard support, then constructing anchor rods on a top plate, and performing stubble pressing and fixing on the anchor nets in a lap joint area through the anchor rods and a steel belt; one row of multiple lapped anchor nets naturally fall to the front of the head-on gable; s2, before the kiln is cut, the multi-lap-joint anchor net is pulled backwards through an onboard drill boom of the digging and anchoring all-in-one machine; the problem that stubbles cannot be pressed in circulation rooms in the coal industry is solved, the problems that strength is insufficient, iron wires are rusted for a long time, the supporting strength of the circulation rooms is low, and the circulation rooms are prone to bursting after pressing due to iron wire binding in traditional circulation rooms are solved, stubbles are pressed through anchor rod steel belts in all the circulation rooms through circulation stubble pressing, the supporting strength is improved, and the working efficiency is improved. Original iron wire connection is omitted, cost is reduced, meanwhile, the anchor net is pre-pressed on the gable, wall caving of the gable is prevented, and safety is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mining technology, and in particular to the process of full-section anchor mesh interleaving under an integrated tunneling and anchoring machine. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the common practice in coal mine anchor mesh support circulation is to use wire mesh or hook mesh. After the working face is cut, the sides and top are first knocked down, then metal mesh and temporary support are laid, then the facing gable wall protection mesh is installed, and finally the mesh panels are connected by 14# iron wire with a mesh spacing of 200mm. However, existing technologies have the following drawbacks: (1) The network strength is low, and the network is prone to failure over time; (2) The procedure is complicated. When laying the mesh, manual assistance is required to adjust the mesh. Moreover, the networking process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, resulting in low work efficiency. (3) The safety factor is low, and traditional processes cannot prevent injuries from gable wall slabs in advance; (4) High material consumption; connecting the mesh panels requires a large amount of iron wire. Therefore, this invention proposes a full-section anchor mesh interleaving process under an integrated tunneling and anchoring machine to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a full-section anchor mesh overlapping process using a tunneling and anchoring integrated machine. This process leverages the advantages of the machine's onboard drilling arm to pre-install a cycle of anchor mesh in advance on both sides of the centerline of the roof slab at the face, using the lifting force of the drilling arm. Before cutting the kiln, the pre-installed anchor mesh is folded using the onboard drilling arm, and after cutting the kiln, it is unfolded to achieve continuous cycle construction. This overlapping technology completely solves the problem of insufficient strength of traditional wire tying. At the same time, the pre-installed anchor mesh enables gable wall anti-slope management, improving the permanent support strength and the gable wall anti-slope safety factor.

[0004] To achieve the objectives of this invention, the invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a full-section anchor mesh overlapping process using an integrated tunneling and anchoring machine, comprising the following steps: S1: Before implementing the first row of anchor bolt support on the top plate of the tunneling face, at least one row of anchor mesh is pre-overlapped with the top anchor mesh, and the overlapping area is fixed by anchor bolts and steel strips, so that the extra overlapping anchor mesh naturally falls down to the front of the face gable wall. S2: Before the next cycle of tunneling machine cutting operation, the hanging anchor net is folded back towards the supported area and tied to the roadway roof anchor net at a preset interval using fasteners; S3: After the tunneling machine has finished cutting, remove the binding fasteners and connect two new rows of anchor nets (a total of three rows of anchor nets) under the protection of permanent support. Use the onboard temporary support device and the onboard drill arm to work together to lift the anchor nets to the designed position on the top plate. S4: Repeat the above steps to form a cyclical construction process of interlocking anchor mesh.

[0005] A further improvement is that, in S1, the overlap length of the anchor mesh meets 1.5 times the advance of a single cycle of tunneling, and the overlap area is fixed by anchor rods in conjunction with high-strength steel strips.

[0006] Further improvements are made in the following: In S2, the bending angle of the anchor mesh is controlled within the range of 75°-85°, the contact length between the edge of the anchor mesh and the gable wall entity after bending is not less than 200mm, and a pre-tightening force of not less than 50kN is applied by the machine-mounted drill arm.

[0007] A further improvement is made in S2, where 12# iron wire is used as a fixing element when the anchor net is turned back, the binding spacing is 1000-1600mm, and a reserve of not less than 300mm is formed at the facing end.

[0008] Further improvements are made in S3, where the onboard temporary support device works in conjunction with the onboard drill arm, and the horizontal adjustment of the top frame is achieved through the forward extension cylinder. The adjustment range covers the entire cross-sectional width of the roadway, and the pressure value of the support cylinder is displayed in real time on the control terminal of the tunneling and anchoring machine.

[0009] Further improvements include: before connecting the new circulating anchor net, construction workers should knock on the sides and top of the well-supported area to remove loose rocks and ensure safety.

[0010] A further improvement is made in S4, where a safety inspection procedure is performed before the start of each cycle during cyclic construction, including the following steps: The displacement of the roof was detected by a roof separation instrument mounted on a tunneling and anchoring machine. Infrared detection devices were used to scan the integrity of the anchor mesh connection area; Confirm that the supporting force of the temporary support device is not less than 90% of the rated value.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention mainly utilizes the advantages of the machine-mounted drilling arm of the integrated tunneling and anchoring machine to solve the industry problem of not being able to overlap the circulating chambers in the coal industry. The original traditional method of using wire to tie the circulating chambers had insufficient strength, and the wires would rust over time, resulting in low support strength and easy cracking of the circulating chambers after pressure. Now, all circulating chambers are overlapped with anchor steel strips, eliminating the original wire connection, reducing costs. At the same time, anchor mesh is pre-pressed on the gable wall to prevent gable wall collapse, improving the permanent support strength and the safety factor of gable wall anti-collapse.

[0012] 2. The process of this invention is coherent and orderly, reducing manual operation and material consumption, improving construction efficiency, reducing labor intensity, and has good practicality and safety. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a front view of the temporary support structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the temporary support structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To enhance understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. These embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] Example 1 according to Figure 1 , 2 As shown, this embodiment proposes a full-section anchor mesh overlapping process under an integrated tunneling and anchoring machine, including the following steps: S1: Before implementing the first row of anchor bolt support on the roof of the tunneling face, at least one cycle of anchor mesh is pre-lapped over the top anchor mesh, and the overlapping area is fixed by anchor bolts and steel strips, so that the multiple overlapping anchor meshes naturally fall down to the front of the face gable wall; the overlap length of the anchor mesh is 1.2-1.5 times the single cycle tunneling advance, and the overlapping area is fixed by double rows of anchor bolts with high-strength steel strips, with the steel strip spacing not exceeding 50% of the anchor bolt row spacing; S2: When performing normal face support operations, the lift of the onboard drill arm of the tunneling and anchoring machine is used to combine with the solid face wall to bend the drooping anchor mesh, forming a protective structure for the face wall; the bending angle of the anchor mesh is controlled within the range of 30°-45°, and the contact length between the edge of the anchor mesh and the solid face wall after bending is not less than 200mm, and a pre-tightening force of not less than 50kN is applied through the onboard drill arm; S3: Before the next cycle of tunneling machine cutting operation, the hanging anchor net is folded back towards the supported area and tied to the roadway roof anchor net at a preset interval using fasteners; when folding back the anchor net, 12# iron wire is used as the fastener, the binding interval is 400-600mm, and a reserve of not less than 300mm is formed at the face end. S4: After the tunneling machine completes the cutting, the binding fasteners are removed. Under the protection of permanent support, a new circulating anchor net is connected. The onboard temporary support device works in conjunction with the onboard drill arm to lift the anchor net to the designed position on the roof. The anchor net is connected by binding with double-strand 14# iron wire. The connection points are arranged in a matrix, with both the horizontal and vertical spacing not exceeding 300mm. The connection strength is not less than 80% of the tensile strength of the original anchor net. When the onboard temporary support device works in conjunction with the onboard drill arm, the roof frame is horizontally adjusted by the forward-extending hydraulic cylinder. The adjustment range covers the entire cross-section width of the roadway. The pressure value of the support cylinder is displayed in real time on the control terminal of the tunneling and anchoring machine. When the roadway height exceeds 4.5m, auxiliary hydraulic columns are added to reinforce the onboard temporary support device. Before connecting the new circulating anchor net, the construction personnel tap the walls and roof in the well-supported area to remove loose rock and ensure safety. S5: Repeat the above steps to form a cyclical construction process of interlocking anchor mesh. Before each cycle, a safety inspection procedure is performed, including the following steps: The displacement of the roof was detected by a roof separation instrument mounted on a tunneling and anchoring machine. Infrared detection devices were used to scan the integrity of the anchor mesh connection area; Confirm that the supporting force of the temporary support device is not less than 90% of the rated value.

[0016] An array of stress monitoring sensors is installed in the anchor mesh overlap area, and the monitoring data is transmitted to the ground monitoring center in real time. When the stress value in the overlap area exceeds the preset threshold, the anchor bolt preload compensation program is automatically triggered.

[0017] The construction proceeds sequentially, forming a complete cycle; it replaces wire mesh, solving the problems of insufficient strength and material consumption; it allows operation under permanent support, eliminating safety hazards; it eliminates the binding process, solving the problem of low efficiency; it provides proactive anti-fracture support, correspondingly increasing the safety factor; its connection strength is higher than that of wire mesh, solving the problem of mesh blasting; and it greatly improves efficiency.

[0018] Example 2 according to Figure 1 , 2 As shown, this embodiment proposes a full-section anchor mesh overlapping process under an integrated tunneling and anchoring machine, including the following steps: After the tunnel boring machine (TBM) has finished cutting, the temporary onboard support is adjusted to the centerline of the tunnel. Workers stand in a well-supported area, first checking the roof and walls for loose rock and debris. Once safety is confirmed, the switch is moved to the anchoring device position. The TBM's anchoring devices on both sides are activated to release the pre-reserved top anchor mesh from the previous cycle. Using the anchoring device's top frame or with personnel assistance, the pre-reserved top anchor mesh is lowered. The newly installed anchor mesh and steel strip are then tied together with the pre-reserved anchor mesh to form a whole. The temporary onboard support is opened, the top frame is raised, and the forward extension cylinder and support cylinder are adjusted. The forward extension frame is used to lift the metal mesh and steel strip, securing them to the roof. The roof anchors are then installed using the anchoring devices on both sides. This cycle is repeated to achieve anchor mesh overlap.

[0019] This is achieved through the following steps: Before the first row of anchor bolts is used to support the roof of the tunneling face, an extra loop of anchor mesh is used to cover the top anchor mesh. Anchor bolts and steel strips are used to press the overlap, and the extra anchor mesh naturally hangs down in front of the face gable.

[0020] Normal support is provided at the face, utilizing the lift of the machine-mounted drill arm in conjunction with the solid face wall to form a combined force bending anchor net to protect the face wall.

[0021] Before the lower circulation tunneling machine cuts, the hanging anchor mesh is folded back in the direction of the already supported area and tied to the anchor mesh on the roadway roof using No. 12 iron wire at a spacing of 500mm.

[0022] After the tunneling machine finishes cutting, the binding wire is removed, and personnel connect the lower circulating anchor mesh under the permanent support. The anchor mesh is then lifted onto the roof using the machine-mounted temporary support and the machine-mounted drill arm.

[0023] This cyclical construction method achieves interlocking of the anchor mesh.

[0024] This integrated tunneling and anchoring machine's full-section anchor mesh overlapping process mainly utilizes the advantages of the machine's onboard drilling arm. After constructing one anchor rod on each side of the centerline of the front row of the roof, the next cycle of anchor mesh is pre-installed using the lifting force of the drilling arm. Before cutting the kiln, the pre-installed anchor mesh is folded using the onboard drilling arm, and then unfolded after cutting the kiln to achieve continuous cycle construction. This overlapping technology completely solves the problem of insufficient strength of traditional wire tying. At the same time, the extended pre-installed anchor mesh enables gable wall anti-slope management, improving the permanent support strength and the gable wall anti-slope safety factor. Furthermore, this invention's process is coherent and orderly, reducing manual operation and material consumption, improving construction efficiency, and reducing labor intensity, demonstrating excellent practicality and safety.

[0025] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The process of interleaving full-section anchor mesh under a tunneling and anchoring integrated machine, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Before implementing the first row of anchor bolt support on the top plate of the tunneling face, at least one row of anchor mesh is pre-overlapped with the top anchor mesh, and the overlapping area is fixed by anchor bolts and steel strips, so that the extra overlapping anchor mesh naturally falls down to the front of the face gable wall. S2: Before the next cycle of tunneling machine cutting operation, the hanging anchor net is folded back towards the supported area and tied to the roadway roof anchor net at a preset interval using fasteners; S3: After the tunneling machine has finished cutting, remove the binding fasteners and connect two new rows of anchor nets (a total of three rows of anchor nets) under the protection of permanent support. Use the onboard temporary support device and the onboard drill arm to work together to lift the anchor nets to the designed position on the top plate. S4: Repeat the above steps to form a cyclical construction process of interlocking anchor mesh.

2. The full-section anchor mesh interleaving process of the tunneling and anchoring integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the overlap length of the anchor mesh meets 1.5 times the single-cycle tunneling advance, and the overlap area is fixed by anchor rods and high-strength steel strips.

3. The full-section anchor mesh overlapping process under the tunneling and anchoring integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the bending angle of the anchor mesh is controlled within the range of 75°-85°, and the contact length between the edge of the anchor mesh and the gable wall after bending is not less than 200mm. A pre-tightening force of not less than 50kN is applied by the machine-mounted drill arm.

4. The full-section anchor mesh overlapping process under the tunneling and anchoring integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, when the anchor mesh is turned back, 12# iron wire is used as a fixing component, the binding spacing is 1000-1600mm, and a reserve of not less than 300mm is formed at the facing end.

5. The full-section anchor mesh overlapping process under the tunneling and anchoring integrated machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: In S3, when the onboard temporary support device works in conjunction with the onboard drill arm, the horizontal adjustment of the top frame is achieved through the forward extension cylinder. The adjustment range covers the entire cross-sectional width of the roadway, and the pressure value of the support cylinder is displayed in real time on the control terminal of the tunneling and anchoring machine.

6. The full-section anchor mesh interleaving process of the tunneling and anchoring integrated machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: Before connecting the new circulating anchor net, the construction workers tapped on the sides and top of the well-supported area to remove loose rocks and ensure safety.

7. The full-section anchor mesh interleaving process of the tunneling and anchoring integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, during cyclic construction, a safety inspection procedure is performed before the start of each cycle, including the following steps: The displacement of the roof was detected by a roof separation instrument mounted on a tunneling and anchoring machine. Infrared detection devices were used to scan the integrity of the anchor mesh connection area; Confirm that the supporting force of the temporary support device is not less than 90% of the rated value.

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