A method for forming a two-step stope cutting well in a high-stage open stope subsequent filling method

Abstract

The application provides a high-stage open stope subsequent filling method two-step stope cutting well forming method, and belongs to the field of underground mining of metal deposits, and comprises the following steps: before mining the stoping room, drilling work is carried out in the ore drawing connecting lane, and blasting work is carried out with the lane as a free surface to form a second cutting lane; before mining the stoping room, an upper connecting assembly is arranged in the top lane, a metal base and an expansion pipe are assembled and connected with the upper connecting assembly, the expansion pipe is stretched to the position of the top lane; water is injected into the expansion pipe from the metal base and is pressurized; filling is carried out through a pre-set connecting lane to erect a filling pipe to obtain a filling body until the filling is filled in the stoping room; after the filling body is completed, the pressurization is stopped and the liquid in the expansion pipe is discharged to form the cutting well. The method has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and good well forming effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of underground mining of metal deposits, and in particular to a method for forming a two-step stope cutting shaft using a high-stage open area subsequent filling method. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for mining deep and complex ore bodies and the stricter environmental protection requirements, large-scale backfilling mining has become the mainstream mining method in modern metal mines. Among them, staged stope-filling is widely used due to its advantages of high efficiency, safety, and high resource recovery rate. Staged stope-filling divides the ore body into stops and pillars, and mines them in two sequential steps. During mining, the stability of the ore rock itself or the support of the pillars is used to maintain the stability of the goaf, creating conditions for efficient and large-scale mechanized mining. After the stops are mined out, the goaf is immediately filled with backfill material, and the artificial pillars formed provide necessary support for the subsequent mining of adjacent pillars, thereby controlling ground pressure and ensuring safety. The increased stage height is a prominent feature, which makes the formation of cutting shafts more difficult during mining.

[0003] Currently, the methods used in mining practice to form cut wells include traditional methods and emerging methods. Traditional methods include blasting and raise boring. Blasting has disadvantages such as long construction period, high risk of workers being exposed under the roof, high labor intensity, and poor safety. Raise boring has disadvantages such as large equipment size, large amount of preparation work, complex equipment operation, long preparation time, and high project cost. Among emerging methods, the invention patent with publication number CN113756810A introduces a trenching method for forming a blasting compensation space by reserving a cutting well. This technology uses an airbag reserved in the empty area of ​​the first mining block near the mining block as the blasting free surface of the cutting trench, thus serving as a cutting well. However, in this technical solution, the airbag may not be stably set at high stage heights, thus affecting the formation of the blasting free surface. The invention patent with publication number CN114263465A introduces a method for forming a prefabricated cutting well in a mine. This technical solution uses anchor rods and anchor cables to set suspension points for the flexible mold. This method cannot be operated in a narrow space at high stage heights, and fixing only the end cannot guarantee the specific position of the flexible mold, thus affecting the use of the flexible mold.

[0004] To address the above issues, a method for forming a two-step stope cutting well using a high-stage open area subsequent filling method was designed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One of the technical problems this disclosure aims to solve is that the method for forming cut wells is not applicable to high-level situations and cannot guarantee the correct formation of cut wells.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for forming a two-step stope well using a high-stage open area subsequent filling method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Before mining the mining chamber, rock drilling is carried out in the ore-exit connecting roadway, and blasting is carried out on this roadway as a free face to form a second cutting roadway.

[0008] S2. Before mining the return ore chamber, a connecting component is installed in the top roadway, and the metal base and telescopic pipe are assembled in the second cutting roadway before mining the return ore chamber.

[0009] S3. After the mining of the mining chamber, connect the upper connecting component to the telescopic pipe, and after stretching the telescopic pipe to the top roadway position, inject water and pressurize it from the metal base into the telescopic pipe.

[0010] S4. Fill the recycled ore chamber to form a backfill body;

[0011] The filling height for each filling step can be calculated using the following formula:

[0012] ;

[0013] In the formula: The height of each filling. The maximum lateral support force provided for the high-pressure water inside the expansion joint. The density of the filling material, To adjust the radius of the plastic mold;

[0014] After the filling material in S5 and S4 is completed, pressurization is stopped and the liquid in the telescopic pipe is discharged to form a cutting well.

[0015] In some embodiments, the aforementioned method for forming a two-step stope cutting well using a high-stage open-field subsequent filling method, wherein the upper connecting assembly in S2 includes a slide rail, a connecting rod, a first fixed pulley group, and a winch. The slide rail is disposed in the top roadway and extends along the direction of the top roadway. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the slide rail, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the first fixed pulley group. The first fixed pulley group is provided with a metal hook wire rope and a fixed wire rope. One end of the metal hook wire rope and the fixed wire rope is connected to the winch, and the other end of the metal hook wire rope is provided with a metal hook for connecting a telescopic pipe.

[0016] The end of the connecting rod that connects to the slide rail is equipped with a motion pulley assembly. The motion pulley assembly is connected to an external controller to transmit an electrical signal to move the motion pulley assembly on the slide rail and change the lowering position of the metal hook.

[0017] In some embodiments, the aforementioned method for forming a two-step stope cutting well using a high-stage open field subsequent filling method includes a first fixed pulley group comprising a main pulley and a secondary pulley, wherein there are two secondary pulleys, which are located at opposite ends of the main pulley and spaced apart.

[0018] The main pulley is connected to a metal hook wire rope, and the auxiliary pulley is connected to a fixed wire rope to limit the range of movement of the telescopic tube. There are three winches, each connected to the main pulley and each auxiliary pulley individually.

[0019] In some embodiments, the aforementioned method for forming a two-step stope cutting shaft using a high-stage open-cutting method includes a second fixed pulley group located outside a metal base in the second cutting roadway. The position and number of the second fixed pulley group correspond to those of the auxiliary pulleys, and the second fixed pulley group is connected to a fixed steel wire rope.

[0020] In some embodiments, the aforementioned method for forming a two-step stope cutting well using a high-stage open area subsequent filling method includes symmetrically arranged retaining rings on the outside of the telescopic pipe, with sliding buckles between the retaining rings and the fixed steel wire to ensure that the telescopic pipe rises vertically along the fixed steel wire rope.

[0021] In some embodiments, the aforementioned method for forming a two-step stope cutting well using a high-stage open field subsequent filling method includes a sliding buckle comprising two empty pulleys with a steel plate between them; wherein a wire rope is located between the two empty pulleys.

[0022] In some embodiments, the aforementioned method for forming a two-step stope cutting well using a high-stage open area subsequent filling method includes a fixed wire rope with a diameter larger than the metal hook wire rope.

[0023] In some embodiments, the aforementioned method for forming a two-step stope cutting well using a high-stage open area subsequent filling method includes an upper water inlet and a side water inlet on a metal base, a high-pressure water pump at the input end of the side water inlet, and the upper water inlet connected to a telescopic pipe.

[0024] In some embodiments, the aforementioned method for forming a two-step stope cutting well using a high-stage open space subsequent filling method includes a plurality of circular steel wires on the outside of a telescopic pipe, the plurality of circular steel wires being equidistantly arranged along the direction of gravity, a plurality of flexible ropes being arranged between the plurality of circular steel wires, a top cover being provided at the end of the plurality of flexible ropes away from the metal base, and a hanging ring being provided at the top of the top cover, the hanging ring being connected to a metal hook; wherein, the flexible ropes are set perpendicular to the circular steel wires.

[0025] Through the above technical solution, this disclosure provides a method for forming a two-step stope cutting shaft using a high-stage open-cut subsequent filling method. Under the action of the upper connecting component, a telescopic pipe located in the second cutting roadway can be stretched to the top roadway to determine the position and height of the cutting shaft. In high-stage environments, adjustments can be made according to the specific environment. It features fast construction speed, high flexibility, and high spatial efficiency. Similarly, during the setting of the upper connecting component, metal base, and telescopic pipe, the construction environment is carried out within the preset roadway, making the operation more convenient and safer. Finally, a high-pressure water column is formed inside the telescopic pipe to act as the lateral pressure supporting the filling slurry. After the filling slurry hardens and becomes the filling body, the pressure inside the telescopic pipe is released, and then the metal base is recycled. It features fast cutting shaft formation and low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a frontal cross-sectional view of the working field of the method for forming the cutting well according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a top-view cross-sectional structural diagram of the mining area for the method of forming the cutting well of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the top tunnel in the method for forming the cutting well of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the second cutting tunnel in the method for forming a cutting well according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic pipe structure of the method for forming a cutting well according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first fixed pulley group structure in the method for forming a cutting well according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding snap-fit ​​structure of the method for forming the cutting well according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the metal base of the method for forming the cutting well according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the sliding buckle and the fixed steel wire rope in the method for forming the cutting well of the present invention.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0037] 1. Mining stope; 2. Mine access roadway; 3. Second cutting roadway; 4. Upper connecting assembly; 401. Slide rail; 402. Connecting rod; 403. First fixed pulley block; 4031. Main pulley; 4032. Auxiliary pulley; 404. Winch; 5. Metal base; 6. Telescopic pipe; 7. Top roadway; 8. Filling body; 9. Cutting shaft; 10. Metal hook wire rope; 11. Fixed wire rope; 12. Metal hook; 13. Moving pulley assembly; 14. Second fixed pulley block; 1501. Empty pulley; 16. Steel sheet; 17. Upper water inlet; 18. Side water inlet; 19. High-pressure water pump; 20. Circular steel wire; 21. Flexible rope; 22. Top cover; 23. Hanging ring. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] refer to Figures 1 to 9 This embodiment discloses a method for forming a two-step stope cutting well using a high-stage open area subsequent filling method, including the following steps:

[0041] S1. Before mining the mining chamber 1, rock drilling is carried out in the mining connection roadway 2, and blasting is carried out in this roadway as a free face to form the second cutting roadway 3. Before setting the cutting shaft 9, the position of the second cutting roadway 3 is determined, and designated blasting is carried out on the mining connection roadway 2.

[0042] S2. Before mining the return ore chamber 1, a connecting component 4 is installed in the top roadway 7, and the metal base 5 and telescopic pipe 6 are assembled in the second cutting roadway 3. Then, the return ore chamber 1 is mined, and the ore in the return ore chamber 1 is collected separately.

[0043] S3. After mining in the mining chamber 1, connect the upper connecting component 4 to the telescopic pipe 6, and stretch the telescopic pipe 6 to the position of the top roadway 7. Then, inject water and pressurize it into the telescopic pipe 6 from the metal base 5.

[0044] Among them, reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6The connecting assembly 4 includes a slide rail 401, a connecting rod 402, a first fixed pulley group 403, and a winch 404. Before mining in the return ore chamber 1, the slide rail 401 is installed in the top roadway 7. Then, the first fixed pulley group 403 is connected to the slide rail 401 through the connecting rod 402. Under the action of the moving pulley assembly 13 on the slide rail 401, the connecting rod 402 and the first fixed pulley group 403 are moved. The moving pulley assembly 13 is equipped with a drive motor, which can be moved by the control controller to change the position of the first fixed pulley group 403. It can be understood that after determining the position of the metal base 5 and the telescopic pipe 6 in the second cutting roadway 3, the telescopic pipe 6 needs to be stretched vertically. Therefore, the relative position of the first fixed pulley group 403 needs to be adjusted to ensure the vertical stretching of the telescopic pipe 6. Finally, under the limiting action of the fixed steel wire rope 11 of the first fixed pulley group 403, the stretching is carried out under the action of the metal hook steel wire rope 10 of the first fixed pulley group 403.

[0045] Additionally, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The first fixed pulley group 403 includes a main pulley 4031 and an auxiliary pulley 4032. Specifically, the main pulley 4031 is connected to the metal hook wire rope 10, and the auxiliary pulley 4032 is connected to the fixed wire rope 11. It can be understood that when the telescopic tube 6 is extended, the drive motor connected to the winch 404 drives the winch 404 to rotate, ultimately causing the metal hook wire rope 10 to retract and lift the telescopic tube 6. During the lifting of the telescopic tube 6, the main pulley 4031 and each auxiliary pulley 4032 are controlled by a separate winch 404 and motor, achieving individual control of the metal hook wire rope 10. Before the metal base 5 and the telescopic tube 6 are connected, and before it is delivered to the designated position by the forklift, the wire rope 10 is retracted by the fixed wire rope 11. The motor and winch 404 connected to the wire rope 11 connect the fixed wire rope 11 to the second fixed pulley group 14. The second fixed pulley group 14 is used to limit the position of the fixed wire rope 11 to prevent the fixed wire rope 11 from shifting. The position and number of the second fixed pulley group 14 correspond to the position and number of the fixed wire rope 11 and are fixed in the second cutting tunnel 3. The telescopic tube 6 is always connected to the fixed wire rope 11 when it is stretched. After the metal base 5 and the telescopic tube 6 are connected, they are moved to the designated position by a forklift. The metal hook wire rope 10 is connected to the hanging ring of the telescopic tube 6. Then, under the action of the motor, the metal hook wire rope 10 is stably driven to vertically extend the telescopic tube 6 until the top of the telescopic tube 6 is located in the top tunnel 7.

[0046] Next, refer to the appendix Figure 7 and Figure 9To ensure the stable vertical ascent of the telescopic pipe 6, a sliding buckle is provided between the retaining ring on the telescopic pipe 6 and the fixed steel wire rope 11. The sliding buckle includes two empty pulleys 1501 connected by two steel plates 16. One empty pulley 1501 is connected to the retaining ring, and the fixed steel wire rope 11 is positioned between the two empty pulleys 1501. It can be understood that, in this way, when the metal hook steel wire rope 10 moves the telescopic pipe 6, the two empty pulleys 1501 will rise stably along the fixed steel wire rope 11 without deviation. This allows for the formation of a flat free surface after filling and cutting the well 9, thus achieving stable blasting.

[0047] Additionally, refer to Figure 5 The telescopic tube 6 has several circular steel wires 20 arranged along the direction of gravity on its exterior. Each circular steel wire 20 is connected by multiple flexible ropes 21. The multiple flexible ropes 21 converge to the top cover 22. The top cover 22 is provided with a hanging ring 23. It can be understood that the metal hook 12 is connected to the hanging ring 23. As the metal hook 12 moves, it drives the hanging ring 23 and the top cover 22 to move, stretching the telescopic tube 6 and the flexible ropes 21. Under the action of the flexible ropes 21, the circular steel wires are stretched, thereby protecting the telescopic tube 6 and preventing the telescopic tube 6 from being damaged during the stretching process.

[0048] S4. Filling is carried out by setting up filling pipes through the pre-set connecting roadway to obtain filling body 8, until the return ore chamber 1 is completely filled; wherein, a filling retaining wall is first set up from the bottom, and the area of ​​the cutting shaft 9 is reserved separately, and then a filling pipe is set up from one side of the ore exit connecting roadway 2 to extend into the filling area and fill from the bottom to the top step by step, wherein the filling height at each time can be calculated as follows:

[0049] ;

[0050] In the formula: The height of each filling. The maximum lateral support force provided for the high-pressure water inside the expansion joint. The density of the filling material, The radius of the expandable plastic mold is used; the filling height for each filling is calculated based on the actual situation.

[0051] After the filling material 8 in S5 and S4 is completed, that is, after the predetermined curing age and support strength are reached, the high-pressure water pump 19 stops pressurizing and discharges the water in the telescopic pipe 6 through the metal base 5. The telescopic pipe 6 is abandoned and the base is recovered, finally forming the cutting well 9. When water is injected, it is injected through the upper water inlet 17 directly connected to the telescopic pipe 6. Specifically, the high-pressure water pump 19 delivers water through the side water inlet 18 and then continuously injects water into the telescopic pipe 6 through the upper water inlet 17. When draining, the high-pressure water pump 19 is removed and the water is discharged from the side water inlet 18.

[0052] The embodiments of this disclosure have now been described in detail. To avoid obscuring the concept of this disclosure, some details known in the art have not been described. Those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solutions disclosed herein based on the above description.

[0053] While specific embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the examples are for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the above embodiments or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner.

Claims

1. A method for forming a two-step stope cutting well using a high-stage open area subsequent filling method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Before mining the mining chamber (1), rock drilling work is carried out in the mining connecting roadway (2), and blasting work is carried out on this roadway as the free face to form the second cutting roadway (3). S2: Before mining the back ore chamber (1), a connecting component (4) is installed in the top roadway (7), and a metal base (5) and a telescopic pipe (6) are assembled in the second cutting roadway (3) before mining the back ore chamber (1). S3: After mining in the mining chamber (1), connect the upper connecting component (4) to the telescopic pipe (6), and stretch the telescopic pipe (6) to the position of the top roadway (7). Then, inject water and pressurize the telescopic pipe (6) from the metal base (5). S4: Fill the ore well (1) to form a filling body (8); The filling height for each filling step can be calculated using the following formula: ； In the formula: The height of each filling. The maximum lateral support force provided for the high-pressure water inside the expansion joint. The density of the filling material, To adjust the radius of the plastic mold; S5: After the filling material (8) in S4 is completed, stop pressurizing and drain the liquid in the telescopic pipe (6) to form a cutting well (9).

2. The method for forming a two-step stope cutting well using a high-stage open area subsequent filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper connecting assembly (4) in S2 includes a slide rail (401), a connecting rod (402), a first fixed pulley group (403), and a winch (404). The slide rail (401) is set in the top tunnel (7) and extends in the direction of the top tunnel (7). One end of the connecting rod (402) is connected to the slide rail (401), and the other end of the connecting rod (402) is connected to the first fixed pulley group (403). The first fixed pulley group (403) is provided with a metal hook wire rope (10) and a fixed wire rope (11). One end of the metal hook wire rope (10) and the fixed wire rope (11) is connected to the winch (404), and the other end of the metal hook wire rope (10) is provided with a metal hook (12). The metal hook (12) is used to connect the telescopic pipe (6). The end of the connecting rod (402) connected to the slide rail (401) is provided with a motion pulley assembly (13). The motion pulley assembly (13) is connected to an external controller to transmit an electrical signal to make the motion pulley assembly (13) move on the slide rail (401) to change the lowering position of the metal hook (12).

3. The method for forming a two-step stope cutting well using a high-stage open area subsequent filling method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first fixed pulley group (403) includes a main pulley (4031) and an auxiliary pulley (4032). There are two auxiliary pulleys (4032), which are located at opposite ends of the main pulley (4031) and are spaced apart. The main pulley (4031) is connected to the metal hook wire rope (10), and the auxiliary pulley (4032) is connected to the fixed wire rope (11) to limit the range of movement of the telescopic tube (6). There are three winches (404) and they are individually connected to the main pulley (4031) and each auxiliary pulley (4032).

4. The method for forming a two-step stope cutting well using a high-stage open area subsequent filling method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second cutting tunnel (3) is provided with a second fixed pulley group (14). The second fixed pulley group (14) is located outside the metal base (5). The position and number of the second fixed pulley group (14) correspond to those of the auxiliary pulley (4032). The second fixed pulley group (14) is connected to the fixed steel wire rope (11).

5. The method for forming a two-step stope cutting well using a high-stage open area subsequent filling method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic tube (6) is symmetrically provided with retaining rings on the outside, and a sliding buckle is provided between the retaining ring and the fixed steel wire rope (11) to ensure that the telescopic tube (6) rises vertically along the fixed steel wire rope (11).

6. The method for forming a two-step stope cutting well using a high-stage open area subsequent filling method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sliding buckle includes two empty pulleys (1501), and a steel plate (16) is provided between the empty pulleys (1501). The fixed steel wire rope (11) is located between the two empty pulleys (1501).

7. The method for forming a two-step stope cutting well using a high-stage open area subsequent filling method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diameter of the fixed wire rope (11) is larger than the diameter of the metal hook wire rope (10).

8. The method for forming a two-step stope cutting well using a high-stage open area subsequent filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal base (5) is provided with an upper water inlet (17) and a side water inlet (18). The input end of the side water inlet (18) is provided with a high-pressure water pump (19). The upper water inlet (17) is connected to the telescopic pipe (6).

9. The method for forming a two-step stope cutting well using a high-stage open area subsequent filling method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic tube (6) is provided with a number of circular steel wires (20) on its outside. The circular steel wires (20) are arranged at equal intervals along the direction of gravity. A number of flexible ropes (21) are provided between the circular steel wires (20). A top cover (22) is provided at one end of the flexible ropes (21) away from the metal base (5). A hanging ring (23) is provided on the top of the top cover (22). The hanging ring (23) is connected to the metal hook (12). The flexible rope (21) is set perpendicular to the circular steel wire (20).

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