Active heating anti-freezing heat preservation structure for off-wall lining of tunnel in cold region

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering construction, and relates to a cold region tunnel off-wall lining active heating anti-freezing heat preservation structure which comprises at least one anti-freezing heat preservation unit, and each anti-freezing heat preservation unit comprises a plurality of heating pipes, a waterproof plate, a heat preservation and insulation layer and a heat preservation and insulation layer; the supporting frame is of an arc-shaped structure matched with the waterproof plate, and the supporting frame is connected with a tunnel secondary lining through a fixing assembly; the water collecting assembly is connected with the two water outlets in the lower portion of the water flow channel and used for collecting underground water. The waterproof plate and the heat preservation and insulation layer are sequentially arranged on the lower portions of the multiple heating pipes through the supporting frame, heat preservation is conducted on the multiple heating pipes through the heat preservation and insulation layer, and meanwhile the water flow channel is formed between the waterproof plate and the tunnel secondary lining, so that underground water entering a tunnel through lining cracks can flow downwards along the waterproof plate; and finally, the underground water is collected by the water collecting assembly, so that the underground water is prevented from entering the tunnel to form ice hanging, pavement icing and other diseases, and the active heating anti-freezing effect of the tunnel in the cold region is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of engineering construction technology and relates to an active heating and antifreeze insulation structure for the detached lining of tunnels in cold regions. Background Technology

[0002] Cold region tunnels refer to tunnels whose main structure (including tunnel body, entrance and auxiliary works) is located in a cold environment and may experience special engineering problems such as frost heave and freeze-thaw damage due to low temperature. Their core feature is the coupling of "low environmental temperature" and "engineering frost damage risk", and they need to cope with the special conditions of cold regions through targeted design, construction and operation and maintenance.

[0003] Currently, to address the issue of frost damage in tunnels in cold regions, active heating measures such as ground source heat pumps and electric heat tracing are commonly used. Heating pipes are installed on the tunnel lining to actively heat and prevent freezing of the surrounding rock using geothermal or electric heating methods, ensuring that the surrounding rock does not freeze. However, since groundwater is commonly present in the surrounding rock of tunnels, it can still cause problems such as icing and road surface icing after entering the tunnel through lining cracks, reducing the effectiveness of active heating and frost prevention in tunnels in cold regions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an active heating and antifreeze insulation structure for tunnel lining in cold regions, which can prevent groundwater from entering the tunnel through lining cracks and causing defects such as ice formation and road surface icing, thereby improving the active heating and antifreeze effect of tunnels in cold regions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: A cold-region tunnel lining active heating and anti-freezing insulation structure includes at least one anti-freezing insulation unit, which includes: Multiple heating pipes are installed on the surface of the tunnel secondary lining. The multiple heating pipes are spaced apart along the circumference of the tunnel secondary lining, and the length direction of each heating pipe is consistent with the length direction of the tunnel. A waterproof membrane is installed at the bottom of multiple heating pipes. The waterproof membrane has an arc-shaped structure that matches the secondary lining of the tunnel. A water flow channel is formed between the waterproof membrane and the secondary lining of the tunnel, allowing groundwater to flow downwards along the waterproof membrane. A thermal insulation layer is installed at the bottom of the waterproof membrane; The support frame is set at the bottom of the thermal insulation layer. The support frame is an arc-shaped structure that matches the waterproof board. The support frame is connected to the secondary lining of the tunnel through a fixing component. The water collection component is connected to two outlets at the bottom of the water flow channel to collect groundwater.

[0006] The invention is further characterized by: The water collection components include: Two water collecting gutters are arranged at the lower ends of the support frame, and each water collecting gutter is arranged along the length direction of the tunnel, and the lower ends of the heat insulation layer are in contact with the inner bottom of the two water collecting gutters respectively. Two groups of water discharge pipes correspond to the two water collecting gutters respectively, and each group of water discharge pipes is embedded below the water collecting gutter, each group of water discharge pipes has a plurality of water discharge pipes, and the plurality of water discharge pipes are arranged along the length direction of the water collecting gutter, and the upper end of each water discharge pipe is in communication with the water collecting gutter.

[0007] The fixing assembly comprises: A plurality of first fixing bolts are arranged between the support frame and the secondary lining of the tunnel, and are arranged in an array, each heating pipe is located between two adjacent rows of first fixing bolts, one end of each first fixing bolt is connected with the support frame, and the other end of each first fixing bolt is connected with the secondary lining of the tunnel after penetrating through the heat insulation layer and the waterproof plate; Two groups of second fixing bolts are arranged between the two water collecting gutters and the support frame respectively, each group of second fixing bolts has a plurality of second fixing bolts, and the plurality of second fixing bolts are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the water collecting gutter, and the two ends of each second fixing bolt are connected with the support frame and the corresponding water collecting gutter respectively.

[0008] The position of each first fixing bolt between the waterproof plate and the secondary lining of the tunnel is sleeved with a water discharge sleeve and a waterproof rubber gasket, one end of the water discharge sleeve is in contact with the secondary lining of the tunnel, and the other end of the water discharge sleeve is in contact with the waterproof plate through the waterproof rubber gasket.

[0009] The axial direction of the water discharge sleeve and the vertical direction form an angle greater than 15°, and the water discharge sleeve is coaxially arranged with the corresponding first fixing bolt.

[0010] The two ends of the water discharge sleeve are closed structures and are respectively provided with bolt holes, each first fixing bolt penetrates through the corresponding two bolt holes, and a water discharge slot is arranged on the position close to the lower part of the side surface of the water discharge sleeve, and the water discharge slot is arranged along the length direction of the water discharge sleeve.

[0011] The width of the water discharge slot is 5mm-10mm.

[0012] The two sides of the heat insulation layer are respectively bonded with the support frame and the waterproof plate by epoxy resin.

[0013] The support frame is made of steel plate material.

[0014] The plurality of heating pipes are connected with a heat pump heating assembly, and the heat pump heating assembly is used for heating the plurality of heating pipes.

[0015] The cold region tunnel off-wall lining active heating anti-freezing and heat preservation structure has the following advantages: the waterproof plate and the heat preservation layer are arranged in sequence at the lower part of the plurality of heating pipes through the support frame, the water flow channel is formed between the waterproof plate and the secondary lining of the tunnel, so that the underground water entering the tunnel through the lining cracks can flow downward along the waterproof plate and be finally collected by the water collecting assembly, the diseases such as ice hanging and road surface icing caused by the underground water entering the tunnel are avoided, and the active heating anti-freezing effect of the cold region tunnel is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a whole structure schematic diagram of the present application.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a whole structure schematic diagram of the present application. Figure 1 It is a partial structure enlarged view of part A in the present application.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a partial structure enlarged view of part B in the present application. Figure 1 It is a partial structure enlarged view of part B in the present application.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a partial structure enlarged view of part C in the present application. Figure 1 It is a partial structure enlarged view of part C in the present application.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a structure schematic diagram of the water drainage sleeve in the present application.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a structure schematic diagram of the heat pump heating assembly in the present application.

[0022] REFERENCE SIGNS: 1, support frame, 101, horizontal foot, 2, heat preservation layer, 3, waterproof plate, 4, first fixing bolt, 5, waterproof rubber gasket, 6, water drainage sleeve, 601, bolt hole, 602, water drainage joint, 7, heating pipe, 8, U-shaped fixing buckle, 9, second fixing bolt, 10, water collecting ditch, 11, water drainage pipe, 12, heat pump unit, 13, buried pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and exhaustively below with reference to the drawings. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " represents the meaning of or, for example, A / B can represent A or B: "and / or" in the text is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone, in addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "multiple" means two or more than two. The following terms "first" and "second" are only for description purposes, and cannot be understood as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0024] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the present application provides a cold region tunnel off-wall lining active heating anti-freezing and heat preservation structure, which comprises at least one anti-freezing and heat preservation unit, the anti-freezing and heat preservation unit comprises a plurality of heating pipes 7, a waterproof plate 3, a heat preservation and insulation layer 2, a support frame 1 and a water collecting assembly, the plurality of heating pipes 7 are arranged on the surface of the secondary lining of the tunnel, the plurality of heating pipes 7 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the secondary lining of the tunnel, the length direction of each heating pipe 7 is consistent with the length direction of the tunnel, the waterproof plate 3 is arranged at the lower part of the plurality of heating pipes 7, the waterproof plate 3 is an arc structure matched with the secondary lining of the tunnel, a water flow channel is formed between the waterproof plate 3 and the secondary lining of the tunnel, so that the underground water can flow downward along the waterproof plate 3, the heat preservation and insulation layer 2 is arranged at the lower part of the waterproof plate 3, the support frame 1 is arranged at the lower part of the heat preservation and insulation layer 2, the support frame 1 is an arc structure matched with the waterproof plate 3, the support frame 1 is connected with the secondary lining of the tunnel through a fixing assembly, the water collecting assembly is connected with two water outlets at the lower part of the water flow channel, and the water collecting assembly is used for collecting underground water. The waterproof plate 3 and the heat preservation and insulation layer 2 are arranged in sequence at the lower part of the plurality of heating pipes 7 through the support frame 1, so that the stability of the heat preservation and insulation layer 2 and the waterproof plate 3 is enhanced through the support frame 1, the plurality of heating pipes 7 are heat preserved by the heat preservation and insulation layer 2 at the same time, the water flow channel is formed between the waterproof plate 3 and the secondary lining of the tunnel, so that the underground water entering the tunnel through the lining cracks can flow downward along the waterproof plate 3 and be finally collected by the water collecting assembly, the diseases such as ice hanging and road icing caused by the underground water entering the tunnel are avoided, and the effect of active heating anti-freezing of the cold region tunnel is improved.

[0025] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the water collecting assembly includes two water collecting trenches 10 and two groups of water draining pipes 11. The two water collecting trenches 10 are respectively arranged at the lower ends of the support frame 1, and each water collecting trench 10 is arranged along the length direction of the tunnel. The lower ends of the thermal insulation layer 2 are respectively in contact with the inner bottom of the two water collecting trenches 10. One side of each water collecting trench 10 is in contact with the secondary lining of the tunnel. The two groups of water draining pipes 11 correspond to the two water collecting trenches 10 respectively. Each group of water draining pipes 11 is embedded below the water collecting trench 10. Each group of water draining pipes 11 has a plurality of water draining pipes 11. The plurality of water draining pipes 11 are arranged along the length direction of the water collecting trench 10. The upper end of each water draining pipe 11 is in communication with the water collecting trench 10. The lower end of each water draining pipe 11 is connected with the tunnel drainage ditch, so as to directly drain the collected underground water into the tunnel drainage ditch.

[0026] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4 , the fixing assembly includes a plurality of first fixing bolts 4 and two groups of second fixing bolts 9. The plurality of first fixing bolts 4 are arranged between the support frame 1 and the secondary lining of the tunnel. The plurality of first fixing bolts 4 are arranged in an array. Each heating pipe 7 is located between two adjacent rows of first fixing bolts 4. One end of each first fixing bolt 4 is connected with the support frame 1. The other end of each first fixing bolt 4 is connected with the secondary lining of the tunnel after passing through the thermal insulation layer 2 and the waterproof plate 3. The upper end of each first fixing bolt 4 is fixed on the surface of the secondary lining of the tunnel by punching. The two groups of second fixing bolts 9 are respectively arranged between the two water collecting trenches 10 and the support frame 1. Each group of second fixing bolts 9 has a plurality of second fixing bolts 9. The plurality of second fixing bolts 9 are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the water collecting trench 10. The two ends of each second fixing bolt 9 are respectively connected with the support frame 1 and the corresponding water collecting trench 10. The lower ends of the support frame 1 are bent towards the inside of the tunnel to form horizontal feet 101. The upper end of each second fixing bolt 9 is fixed on the horizontal feet 101.

[0027] As shown in Figure 2 , a water draining sleeve 6 and a waterproof rubber gasket 5 are sleeved on each first fixing bolt 4 at the position between the waterproof plate 3 and the secondary lining of the tunnel. One end of the water draining sleeve 6 is in contact with the secondary lining of the tunnel. The other end of the water draining sleeve 6 is in contact with the waterproof plate 3 through the waterproof rubber gasket 5. By arranging the water draining sleeve 6 and the waterproof rubber gasket 5, the underground water can be prevented from entering the gap between the first fixing bolt 4, the waterproof plate 3, the thermal insulation layer 2 and the steel plate framework 1 along the first fixing bolt 4. The waterproof rubber gasket 5 can also play a certain buffering and damping role while sealing.

[0028] As shown in Figure 2As shown, the axial angle between the drain sleeve 6 and the vertical direction is greater than 15°. The drain sleeve 6 is coaxially set with the corresponding first fixing bolt 4, so that when the groundwater flows along the first fixing bolt 4, it can fall into the drain sleeve 6 under the action of gravity, further preventing groundwater from entering the gap between the first fixing bolt 4 and the waterproof plate 3, the thermal insulation layer 2, and the steel plate frame 1.

[0029] like Figure 5 As shown, the two ends of the drainage sleeve 6 are closed structures and are respectively provided with bolt holes 601. Each first fixing bolt 4 passes through the corresponding two bolt holes 601. A drainage gap 602 is provided on the side of the drainage sleeve 6 near the lower part. The drainage gap 602 is set along the length of the drainage sleeve 6. The drainage gap 602 facilitates the drainage of groundwater inside the drainage sleeve 6, and further prevents groundwater from entering the gap between the first fixing bolt 4 and the waterproof plate 3, the thermal insulation layer 2, and the steel plate frame 1.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the length of the drainage sleeve 6 plus the thickness of the waterproof rubber gasket 5 is greater than or equal to the distance between the waterproof membrane 3 and the secondary lining of the tunnel, or the length of the drainage sleeve 6 plus the thickness of the waterproof rubber gasket 5 is equal to the outer diameter of the heating pipe 7, so that the upper end of the drainage sleeve 6 can be in close contact with the secondary lining of the tunnel. To ensure good sealing effect and waterproof performance of the waterproof rubber gasket 5, the diameter of the waterproof rubber gasket 5 is greater than the diameter of the drainage sleeve 6. Therefore, the diameter of the drainage sleeve 6 can be 10cm. Since water seeps into the structure through the surrounding rock, its acidity or alkalinity will change due to the influence of the mineral composition of the surrounding rock. Therefore, the drainage sleeve 6 is made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant plastics, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinyl chloride. These materials are suitable for medium to low corrosion environments and can meet the requirements of high strength and corrosion resistance.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, each heating pipe 7 is provided with multiple U-shaped fixing buckles 8 evenly arranged along its length, and each U-shaped fixing buckle 8 fixes the heating pipe 7 to the secondary lining of the tunnel.

[0032] like Figure 5 As shown, the width of the drainage gap 602 is 5mm~10mm.

[0033] Specifically, the two sides of the thermal insulation layer 2 are bonded to the support frame 1 and the waterproof board 3 respectively with epoxy resin adhesive to prevent groundwater from entering the thermal insulation layer 2 and reducing its thermal insulation effect, while also preventing groundwater from entering the tunnel and causing frost damage such as ice formation.

[0034] Specifically, support frame 1 is made of steel plate.

[0035] like Figure 6As shown, the plurality of heating pipes 7 are connected with heat pump heating assemblies, the heat pump heating assemblies are used for supplying heat for the plurality of heating pipes 7, the number of the anti-freezing and heat preservation units corresponds to the number of the anti-freezing and heat preservation units one by one, and each anti-freezing and heat preservation unit is provided with a heat pump heating assembly.

[0036] As shown in the figure, Figure 6 As shown, the heat pump heating assembly comprises at least one heat pump unit 12 and a plurality of buried pipes 12, the heat pump unit 12 is arranged outside the tunnel portal, the plurality of buried pipes 12 are embedded underground, the plurality of buried pipes 12 are vertically arranged side by side, and the plurality of buried pipes 12 are connected in series, so that the plurality of buried pipes 12 have an input port and an output port, a first outlet of the heat pump unit 12 is connected with the input port of the plurality of buried pipes 12, a first inlet of the heat pump unit 12 is connected with the output port of the plurality of buried pipes 12, and the circulation medium can be circulated between the plurality of buried pipes 12 and the heat pump unit 12, each heating pipe 7 has a U-shaped structure, one end of the plurality of heating pipes 7 is connected with a second outlet of the heat pump unit 12 through a water distributor, the other end of the plurality of heating pipes 7 is connected with a second inlet of the heat pump unit 12 through a water collector, the heat storage medium in the plurality of buried pipes 12 absorbs heat through the plurality of buried pipes 12 and then delivers the heat to the heat pump unit 12, the heat pump unit 12 supplies heat to the plurality of heating pipes 7 after the temperature of the circulation medium is raised, heat is provided for the tunnel load side, freezing damage of the lining is prevented, and the effect of active heating is achieved.

[0037] The anti-freezing and heat preservation structure of the off-wall lining of the tunnel in the cold region has the following advantages: Firstly, the structure of the present application is simple, and the construction technology requirement is low.

[0038] Secondly, the air layer can be formed between the waterproof plate and the secondary lining of the tunnel, and the setting of the heat insulation layer can reduce the heat transfer of the heating pipe to the tunnel and improve the heating efficiency of the lining and surrounding rock.

[0039] Thirdly, the setting of the waterproof plate can prevent underground water from flowing into the tunnel and prevent the tunnel from icing and the ground from freezing.

[0040] Fourthly, the water drainage sleeve can prevent the surrounding rock water from flowing into the tunnel through the gap between the first fixing bolt, the support frame, the heat insulation layer and the waterproof plate.

[0041] Fifthly, the water collector can guide the water flowing out of the lining into the drainage pipe and then into the tunnel drainage ditch, so as to drain water in time.

[0042] It is to be understood that the present application is described by way of example only, and that modifications or alterations can be made to the features and embodiments described without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. In addition, modifications can be made to the features and embodiments described to accommodate specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Accordingly, the application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but rather, the scope of the application includes all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A detached-wall lining active heating and antifreeze insulation structure for tunnels in cold regions, characterized in that, Includes at least one antifreeze insulation unit, the antifreeze insulation unit comprising: Multiple heating pipes (7) are arranged on the surface of the secondary lining of the tunnel. The multiple heating pipes (7) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the secondary lining of the tunnel, and the length direction of each heating pipe (7) is consistent with the length direction of the tunnel. A waterproof membrane (3) is installed at the bottom of multiple heating pipes (7). The waterproof membrane (3) is an arc-shaped structure that matches the secondary lining of the tunnel. A water flow channel is formed between the waterproof membrane (3) and the secondary lining of the tunnel, so that groundwater can flow downward along the waterproof membrane (3). The thermal insulation layer (2) is set at the bottom of the waterproof board (3); The support frame (1) is set at the lower part of the thermal insulation layer (2). The support frame (1) is an arc-shaped structure that matches the waterproof board (3). The support frame (1) is connected to the secondary lining of the tunnel through a fixing component. The water collection component is connected to two outlets at the bottom of the water flow channel to collect groundwater.

2. The active heating and antifreeze insulation structure for the detached lining of a cold-region tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water collection assembly includes: Two water collection ditches (10) are respectively set at the lower ends of the support frame (1). Each water collection ditch (10) is set along the length of the tunnel. The lower ends of the waterproof plate (3) are respectively in contact with the bottom of the two water collection ditches (10). Two sets of drain pipes (11) correspond one-to-one with two collection ditches (10). Each set of drain pipes (11) is pre-buried below the collection ditch (10). There are multiple drain pipes (11) in each set. Multiple drain pipes (11) are set along the length of the collection ditch (10). The upper end of each drain pipe (11) is connected to the collection ditch (10).

3. The active heating and antifreeze insulation structure for the detached lining of a cold-region tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing component includes: Multiple first fixing bolts (4) are arranged in an array between the support frame (1) and the secondary lining of the tunnel. Each heating pipe (7) is located between two adjacent rows of first fixing bolts (4). One end of each first fixing bolt (4) is connected to the support frame (1), and the other end of each first fixing bolt (4) passes through the heat insulation layer (2) and the waterproof plate (3) and is then connected to the secondary lining of the tunnel. Two sets of second fixing bolts (9) are respectively set between two water collection ditches (10) and support frame (1). There are multiple second fixing bolts (9) in each set. Multiple second fixing bolts (9) are evenly arranged along the length direction of water collection ditch (10). The two ends of each second fixing bolt (9) are connected to support frame (1) and corresponding water collection ditch (10) respectively.

4. The active heating and antifreeze insulation structure for detached lining of tunnels in cold regions according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the first fixing bolts (4) is fitted with a drain sleeve (6) and a waterproof rubber gasket (5) at the position between the waterproof plate (3) and the secondary lining of the tunnel. One end of the drain sleeve (6) is in contact with the secondary lining of the tunnel, and the other end of the drain sleeve (6) is in contact with the waterproof plate (3) through the waterproof rubber gasket (5).

5. The active heating and antifreeze insulation structure for the detached lining of a cold-region tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The axial angle between the drain sleeve (6) and the vertical direction is greater than 15°, and the drain sleeve (6) is coaxially arranged with the corresponding first fixing bolt (4).

6. The active heating and antifreeze insulation structure for the detached lining of a cold-region tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two ends of the drain sleeve (6) are closed structures and are respectively provided with bolt holes (601). Each of the first fixing bolts (4) passes through the corresponding two bolt holes (601). A drain slit (602) is provided on the side of the drain sleeve (6) near the lower part. The drain slit (602) is set along the length direction of the drain sleeve (6).

7. The active heating and antifreeze insulation structure for detached lining of tunnels in cold regions according to claim 6, characterized in that, The width of the drainage gap (602) is 5mm~10mm.

8. The active heating and antifreeze insulation structure for the detached lining of a cold-region tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal insulation layer (2) is bonded to the support frame (1) and the waterproof board (3) on both sides by epoxy resin adhesive.

9. The active heating and antifreeze insulation structure for the detached lining of a cold-region tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame (1) is made of steel plate material.

10. The active heating and antifreeze insulation structure for the detached lining of a cold-region tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of heating tubes (7) are connected to a heat pump heating assembly, which is used to heat the plurality of heating tubes (7).

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