Novel rapid energy-saving oil cylinder hydraulic system and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention particularly discloses a novel rapid energy-saving oil cylinder hydraulic system, which relates to an oil cylinder hydraulic system and comprises an oil pump, an oil tank, a hydraulic valve, a pressure sensor and an oil cylinder, the oil cylinder comprises an oil cylinder body, an oil cylinder front piston rod, an oil cylinder rear piston rod, an oil cylinder fast cavity oil inlet rod and an oil cylinder fast cavity switch rod. A prefill valve and an oil supplement tank are not needed, space is saved, hydraulic oil consumption is reduced, use cost is reduced, and meanwhile the response speed of the working valve is higher. Under the working condition that the full-stroke thrust of the oil cylinder is gradually changed, the hydraulic system works rapidly when the thrust is small, the required flow is greatly reduced, so that the energy-saving effect is achieved, and the hydraulic system is suitable for various hydraulic system occasions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a hydraulic system of a cylinder, in particular to a novel fast energy-saving hydraulic system of a cylinder and a control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Most of the fast cylinder systems on the market currently adopt a compound cylinder system. When the system is at low pressure, the small cylinder of the compound cylinder works by using oil, and the large cylinder of the compound cylinder works by using oil through a liquid charging valve connected to an oil supplement tank. Since the oil inlet amount and the oil return amount of the large cylinder of the compound cylinder are in an area ratio relationship with the oil inlet amount of the small cylinder, the oil inlet amount and the oil return amount of the large cylinder of the compound cylinder are very large, causing the diameter of the liquid charging valve to be much larger than that of the oil pump oil inlet valve, and the liquid charging valve needs more time to open and close; meanwhile, a large enough oil supplement tank is also needed, which not only occupies a large space, but also greatly increases the use of hydraulic oil and the use cost. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a novel fast energy-saving hydraulic system of a cylinder and a control method thereof, which does not need a liquid charging valve and an oil supplement tank, saves space, reduces the use amount of hydraulic oil, reduces the use cost, and at the same time, the working valve has a faster response speed.

[0004] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a novel fast energy-saving hydraulic system of a cylinder, comprising an oil pump, an oil tank, a hydraulic valve, a pressure sensor and a cylinder;

[0005] The cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a front piston rod of the cylinder, a rear piston rod of the cylinder, a fast cavity oil inlet rod of the cylinder and a fast cavity switch rod of the cylinder.

[0006] The rod body head end of the front piston rod of the cylinder penetrates through the head end of the cylinder body, and the circumference of the rod body of the front piston rod of the cylinder and the inner cavity surface of the cylinder body form a front cavity of the cylinder; a front cavity oil inlet port of the cylinder is correspondingly arranged.

[0007] A fast cavity of the cylinder is arranged in the front piston rod of the cylinder, and the rod body head end of the rear piston rod of the cylinder is inserted into and extends into the fast cavity of the cylinder from the tail end of the front piston rod of the cylinder.

[0008] A rear cavity of the cylinder is formed between the tail end surface of the rear piston rod of the cylinder and the inner cavity surface of the cylinder body; a rear cavity oil inlet port of the cylinder is correspondingly arranged.

[0009] An active passage of the fast cavity oil inlet rod of the cylinder is arranged in the rear piston rod of the cylinder along the axial direction, an oil inlet passage of the cylinder is arranged at the rear end of the cylinder, the rod body rear end of the fast cavity oil inlet rod of the cylinder is connected to the oil inlet passage of the cylinder as a whole, and the rod body front end of the fast cavity oil inlet rod of the cylinder is inserted into the active passage of the fast cavity oil inlet rod of the cylinder.

[0010] The oil cylinder inlet channel is provided with an oil cylinder quick cavity oil inlet, which is communicated with the oil cylinder quick cavity oil inlet channel in the oil cylinder quick cavity oil inlet rod and further communicated to the oil cylinder quick cavity.

[0011] The oil cylinder inlet channel is provided with an oil cylinder quick cavity switch rod, and the forward and backward movement of the oil cylinder quick cavity switch rod can open or close the oil cylinder quick cavity oil inlet.

[0012] Further, the hydraulic valve includes an overflow valve equipped with a first electromagnetic switch YV1, a second hydraulic valve equipped with a second electromagnetic switch YV2, a third hydraulic valve equipped with a third electromagnetic switch YV3, a fourth hydraulic valve equipped with a fourth electromagnetic switch YV4, a fifth hydraulic valve equipped with a fifth electromagnetic switch YV5, a sixth hydraulic valve equipped with a sixth electromagnetic switch YV6, and a seventh hydraulic valve equipped with a seventh electromagnetic switch YV7.

[0013] The oil inlet pipe of the oil tank is connected to the oil outlet pipe of the oil tank, and the oil outlet pipe of the oil pump is connected to the first liquid inlet and outlet of the overflow valve, the third hydraulic valve, the fifth hydraulic valve and the seventh hydraulic valve.

[0014] The oil inlet pipe of the oil tank is connected to the second liquid inlet and outlet of the overflow valve, the second hydraulic valve, the fourth hydraulic valve and the sixth hydraulic valve.

[0015] The first liquid inlet and outlet of the second hydraulic valve and the second liquid inlet and outlet of the third hydraulic valve are connected to the oil cylinder quick cavity oil inlet; the first liquid inlet and outlet of the fourth hydraulic valve and the second liquid inlet and outlet of the fifth hydraulic valve are connected to the oil cylinder rear cavity oil inlet; and the first liquid inlet and outlet of the sixth hydraulic valve and the second liquid inlet and outlet of the seventh hydraulic valve are connected to the oil cylinder front cavity oil inlet.

[0016] Further, the oil cylinder is equipped with a first forward stroke switch SQ1 for controlling the maximum forward stroke position of the oil cylinder front piston rod.

[0017] Further, the oil cylinder is equipped with a second forward stroke switch SQ2 for controlling the maximum forward stroke position of the oil cylinder quick cavity switch rod, and a third forward stroke switch SQ3 for controlling the maximum return stroke position of the oil cylinder quick cavity switch rod.

[0018] Further, the oil cylinder rear piston rod, the oil cylinder front piston rod and the oil cylinder cavity surface in the oil cylinder body form an oil cylinder cavity, an air channel is formed in the oil cylinder front piston rod, and the oil cylinder cavity is connected to the external air through the air channel. When the oil cylinder front piston rod advances, the oil cylinder cavity space increases to form negative pressure, and the oil cylinder cavity absorbs air to fill the space through the air channel; when the oil cylinder front piston rod returns, the oil cylinder cavity space decreases to increase the air pressure, and the oil cylinder cavity discharges air to reduce the air pressure through the air channel.

[0019] The application also provides a high-efficiency hydraulic control method realized by the new type of quick energy-saving oil cylinder hydraulic system, which comprises the following control modes:

[0020] Mode one: empty load operation, all electromagnets are not electrified, the oil pump outputs oil under the drive of the motor, the oil directly returns to the oil tank through the overflow valve on the hydraulic valve, the system is unloaded, and the oil cylinder does not work;

[0021] Mode two: quick forward movement of the oil cylinder, electromagnets YV1, YV3 and YV6 are electrified, the oil output by the oil pump enters the quick cavity of the oil cylinder through the third hydraulic valve, the oil in the front cavity of the oil cylinder returns to the oil tank through the sixth hydraulic valve, the front piston rod of the oil cylinder is quickly moved forward to compress the material, when the pressure reaches the set pressure value of the pressure sensor, the signal is sent, the quick cavity of the oil cylinder is closed by operating the forward movement of the quick cavity switch rod of the oil cylinder, and the travel switch SQ2 sends a signal when the forward movement is completed, and the next working procedure is entered;

[0022] Mode three: quick differential forward movement of the oil cylinder, when the effective area of the quick cavity of the oil cylinder is greater than the effective area of the front cavity of the oil cylinder, electromagnets YV1, YV3 and YV7 are electrified, the oil output by the oil pump enters the quick cavity of the oil cylinder through the third hydraulic valve, the oil in the front cavity of the oil cylinder enters the quick cavity of the oil cylinder through the seventh hydraulic valve and the third hydraulic valve, and the front piston rod of the oil cylinder is quickly and differentially moved forward to compress the material, when the pressure reaches the set pressure value of the pressure sensor, electromagnet YV7 is de-energized, electromagnet YV6 is electrified, and the working procedure in the above mode two is entered;

[0023] Mode four: working movement of the oil cylinder, electromagnet YV3 is de-energized, electromagnets YV1, YV5 and YV6 are electrified, the oil output by the oil pump enters the rear cavity of the oil cylinder through the fifth hydraulic valve, the oil in the front cavity of the oil cylinder returns to the oil tank through the sixth hydraulic valve, since the quick cavity of the oil cylinder is in a closed state and is full of oil, at this time, the rear piston rod of the oil cylinder pushes the front piston rod of the oil cylinder to move forward through the quick cavity of the oil cylinder, when the pressure reaches the set pressure value of the pressure sensor, the next working procedure is entered;

[0024] Mode five: unloading of the oil cylinder, electromagnets YV1, YV5 and YV6 are de-energized, and electromagnet YV4 is electrified, the rear cavity of the oil cylinder is unloaded through the oil tank, and the quick cavity of the oil cylinder is simultaneously unloaded by the rearward movement of the rear piston rod of the oil cylinder, and after a certain period of time, the next working procedure is entered;

[0025] Mode six: opening of the quick cavity of the oil cylinder, the quick cavity of the oil cylinder is opened by operating the return movement of the quick cavity switch rod of the oil cylinder, and the travel switch SQ3 sends a signal when the return movement is completed, and the next working procedure is entered;

[0026] Mode seven, oil cylinder back, electromagnet YV1, YV2, YV4, YV7 power, oil pump output oil through the seventh hydraulic valve into the oil cylinder front cavity, oil cylinder fast cavity oil through the fourth hydraulic valve, oil cylinder rear cavity oil through the second hydraulic valve back into the oil tank, oil cylinder front piston rod back stroke, while the oil cylinder front piston rod through the oil cylinder fast cavity oil push oil cylinder rear piston rod back stroke, when the oil cylinder front piston rod and oil cylinder rear piston rod directly push the oil cylinder rear piston rod back stroke, to the travel switch SQ1 send, electromagnet YV1, YV2, YV4, YV7 power loss, complete a cycle.

[0027] Mode eight, oil cylinder differential back, when the oil cylinder front cavity effective area is greater than the oil cylinder fast cavity effective area, electromagnet YV1, YV2, YV5, YV7 power, oil pump output oil through the seventh hydraulic valve into the oil cylinder front cavity, oil cylinder fast cavity oil through the fifth hydraulic valve, seventh hydraulic valve into the oil cylinder front cavity, oil cylinder rear cavity oil through the second hydraulic valve back into the oil tank, oil cylinder front piston rod differential back stroke, while the oil cylinder front piston rod through the oil cylinder fast cavity oil push oil cylinder rear piston rod back stroke, when the oil cylinder front piston rod and oil cylinder rear piston rod directly push the oil cylinder rear piston rod back stroke, to the travel switch SQ1 send, electromagnet YV1, YV2, YV5, YV7 power loss, complete a cycle.

[0028] Note: the pressure sensor described in the present application includes pressure transmitter, pressure transmitter, pressure relay, electrical contact pressure gauge and all by pressure signal conversion to electrical signal elements. The hydraulic valve described in the present application includes plug-in valve, conventional hydraulic valve, proportional valve, servo valve and various valves that can realize the switching work of oil cylinder.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present application are: the hydraulic system in the oil cylinder full stroke thrust gradually changes the working condition, the thrust is small, the fast work is implemented, the required flow is greatly reduced to achieve energy saving effect, and it is suitable for various hydraulic system occasions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 The new type of fast energy-saving oil cylinder hydraulic system empty load operation schematic diagram;

[0031] Figure 2 The new type of fast energy-saving oil cylinder hydraulic system schematic diagram when the closed oil cylinder fast cavity;

[0032] Figure 3 The oil cylinder structure schematic diagram.

[0033] In the figure: 1 is oil pump, 2 is oil tank, 3 is hydraulic valve, 4 is pressure sensor, 5 is oil cylinder;

[0034] 31 is an overflow valve, 32 is a second hydraulic valve, 33 is a third hydraulic valve, 34 is a fourth hydraulic valve, 35 is a fifth hydraulic valve, 36 is a sixth hydraulic valve, 37 is a seventh hydraulic valve;

[0035] 51 is a cylinder body, 52 is a rear cavity of the cylinder, 53 is a front cavity of the cylinder, 54 is a quick cavity of the cylinder, 55 is a rear piston rod of the cylinder, 56 is a front piston rod of the cylinder, 57 is an oil inlet of the rear cavity of the cylinder, 58 is an oil inlet of the front cavity of the cylinder, 59 is an oil inlet of the quick cavity of the cylinder, 510 is an oil rod of the quick cavity of the cylinder, 511 is a switch rod of the quick cavity of the cylinder, 512 is a cavity of the cylinder, and 513 is an air passage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The application will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0037] As shown in Figure 1 , 3 , a new type of quick energy-saving cylinder hydraulic system, comprising an oil pump 1, an oil tank 2, a hydraulic valve 3, a pressure sensor 4, and a cylinder 5.

[0038] The cylinder 5 comprises a cylinder body 51, a front piston rod 56 of the cylinder, a rear piston rod 55 of the cylinder, an oil rod 510 of the quick cavity of the cylinder, and a switch rod 511 of the quick cavity of the cylinder.

[0039] The rod body head end of the front piston rod 56 of the cylinder penetrates through the head end of the cylinder body 51, and the rod body circumference of the front piston rod 56 of the cylinder is in contact with the inner cavity surface of the cylinder body 51 to form a front cavity 53 of the cylinder.

[0040] The front piston rod 56 of the cylinder is provided with a quick cavity 54, and the rod body head end of the rear piston rod 55 of the cylinder is inserted into the quick cavity 54 from the tail end of the front piston rod 56 of the cylinder and extends into the quick cavity 54.

[0041] The tail end surface of the rear piston rod 55 of the cylinder is in contact with the inner cavity surface of the cylinder body 51 to form a rear cavity 52 of the cylinder.

[0042] The rear piston rod 55 of the cylinder is in contact with the inner cavity surface of the cylinder body 51 and the front piston rod 56 of the cylinder to form a cavity 512 of the cylinder, the front piston rod 56 of the cylinder is provided with an air passage 513, and the cavity 512 of the cylinder is connected with external air through the air passage 513. When the front piston rod of the cylinder advances, the space of the cavity of the cylinder increases to form negative pressure, the cavity of the cylinder inhales air to fill the space through the air passage; when the front piston rod of the cylinder returns, the space of the cavity of the cylinder decreases to increase the air pressure, and the cavity of the cylinder discharges air to reduce the air pressure through the air passage.

[0043] The oil cylinder rear piston rod 55 is provided with an oil cylinder quick cavity oil inlet rod movable channel in the axial direction, the oil cylinder 5 rear end is provided with an oil cylinder inlet channel, the oil cylinder quick cavity oil inlet rod 510 rod body rear end is connected with the oil cylinder inlet channel as a whole, the oil cylinder quick cavity oil inlet rod 510 rod body front end is inserted into the oil cylinder quick cavity oil inlet rod movable channel.

[0044] The oil cylinder inlet channel is provided with an oil cylinder quick cavity oil inlet 59, the oil cylinder quick cavity oil inlet 59 is communicated with the oil cylinder quick cavity oil inlet channel in the oil cylinder quick cavity oil inlet rod 510, and is further communicated to the oil cylinder quick cavity 54.

[0045] The oil cylinder inlet channel is provided with an oil cylinder quick cavity switch rod 511, the forward and backward movement of the oil cylinder quick cavity switch rod 511 can open or close the oil cylinder quick cavity oil inlet 59.

[0046] As shown in the figure, Figure 2 The hydraulic valve 3 includes an overflow valve 31 provided with a first electromagnetic switch YV1, a second hydraulic valve 32 provided with a second electromagnetic switch YV2, a third hydraulic valve 33 provided with a third electromagnetic switch YV3, a fourth hydraulic valve 34 provided with a fourth electromagnetic switch YV4, a fifth hydraulic valve 35 provided with a fifth electromagnetic switch YV5, a sixth hydraulic valve 36 provided with a sixth electromagnetic switch YV6, and a seventh hydraulic valve 37 provided with a seventh electromagnetic switch YV7.

[0047] The inlet pipe of the oil pump 1 is connected with the outlet of the oil tank 2, the outlet pipe of the oil pump 1 is divided into four ways, which are respectively connected with the first liquid inlet and outlet of the overflow valve 31, the third hydraulic valve 33, the fifth hydraulic valve 35 and the seventh hydraulic valve 37.

[0048] The inlet pipe of the oil tank 2 is divided into four ways, which are respectively connected with the second liquid inlet and outlet of the overflow valve 31, the second hydraulic valve 32, the fourth hydraulic valve 34 and the sixth hydraulic valve 36.

[0049] The first liquid inlet and outlet of the second hydraulic valve 32 and the second liquid inlet and outlet of the third hydraulic valve 33 are connected by pipeline to the oil cylinder quick cavity oil inlet 59. The first liquid inlet and outlet of the fourth hydraulic valve 34 and the second liquid inlet and outlet of the fifth hydraulic valve 35 are connected by pipeline to the oil cylinder rear cavity oil inlet 57. The first liquid inlet and outlet of the sixth hydraulic valve 36 and the second liquid inlet and outlet of the seventh hydraulic valve 37 are connected by pipeline to the oil cylinder front cavity oil inlet 58.

[0050] The oil cylinder 5 is provided with a first forward stroke switch SQ1 for controlling the maximum position of the oil cylinder front piston rod 56 return stroke.

[0051] The hydraulic cylinder 5 is equipped with a second forward stroke switch SQ2 that controls the maximum forward position of the hydraulic cylinder quick-cavity switch rod 511, and a third forward stroke switch SQ3 that controls the maximum return position of the hydraulic cylinder quick-cavity switch rod 511.

[0052] A novel high-efficiency hydraulic control method for a fast-acting and energy-saving hydraulic cylinder system includes the following control modes:

[0053] Method 1, such as Figure 1 When the system is running under no-load, the electromagnets are not energized. Driven by the motor, the oil pump outputs oil directly back to the oil tank through the overflow valve on the hydraulic valve. The system is unloaded and the oil cylinder does not work.

[0054] Method 2: When the hydraulic cylinder advances rapidly, electromagnets YV1, YV3, and YV6 are energized. Oil output from the oil pump enters the rapid chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through the third hydraulic valve. Oil in the front chamber of the hydraulic cylinder returns to the oil tank through the sixth hydraulic valve. The front piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder advances rapidly to compress the material. When the pressure reaches the pressure value set by the pressure sensor, a signal is sent, and the hydraulic cylinder rapid chamber switch rod is moved forward to close the rapid chamber. When the cylinder reaches the final position, the limit switch SQ2 sends a signal to enter the next working procedure.

[0055] Method 3: Rapid differential forward movement of the hydraulic cylinder. When the effective area of ​​the rapid chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is greater than the effective area of ​​the front chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, electromagnets YV1, YV3, and YV7 are energized. The oil output from the oil pump enters the rapid chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through the third hydraulic valve. The oil in the front chamber of the hydraulic cylinder enters the rapid chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through the seventh hydraulic valve and the third hydraulic valve. The front piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder moves forward rapidly and differentially to compress the material. When the pressure reaches the pressure value set by the pressure sensor, electromagnet YV7 is de-energized and electromagnet YV6 is energized, thus entering the working procedure of Method 2 above.

[0056] Method 4: During the hydraulic cylinder's working advance, electromagnet YV3 is de-energized, while YV1, YV5, and YV6 are energized. The oil output from the oil pump enters the rear chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through the fifth hydraulic valve, and the oil in the front chamber of the hydraulic cylinder returns to the oil tank through the sixth hydraulic valve. Since the rapid chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is in a closed state and filled with oil, the rear piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder pushes the front piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder forward through the rapid chamber. When the pressure reaches the set pressure value of the pressure sensor, a signal is sent to enter the next working procedure.

[0057] Method 5: Hydraulic cylinder unloading. Electromagnets YV1, YV5, and YV6 are de-energized, while YV4 is energized. The rear chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the oil tank for unloading. The hydraulic cylinder's rapid chamber is unloaded simultaneously by the piston rod retracting. After a certain period of time, the next working procedure begins.

[0058] Method 6: Open the quick chamber of the hydraulic cylinder. Operate the quick chamber switch lever to return to open the quick chamber of the hydraulic cylinder. When the return is complete, the limit switch SQ3 sends a signal to enter the next working procedure.

[0059] Mode seven, oil cylinder backstroke, electromagnet YV1, YV2, YV4, YV7 power, oil pump output oil through the seventh hydraulic valve into the oil cylinder front cavity, oil cylinder fast cavity oil through the fourth hydraulic valve, oil cylinder rear cavity oil through the second hydraulic valve back into the oil tank, oil cylinder front piston rod backstroke, while the oil cylinder front piston rod through the oil cylinder fast cavity oil push oil cylinder rear piston rod backstroke, when the oil cylinder front piston rod and oil cylinder rear piston rod collision directly push the oil cylinder rear piston rod backstroke, to the travel switch SQ1 signaling, electromagnet YV1, YV2, YV4, YV7 power loss, complete a cycle.

[0060] Mode eight, oil cylinder differential backstroke, when the oil cylinder front cavity effective area is greater than the oil cylinder fast cavity effective area, electromagnet YV1, YV2, YV5, YV7 power, oil pump output oil through the seventh hydraulic valve into the oil cylinder front cavity, oil cylinder fast cavity oil through the fifth hydraulic valve, seventh hydraulic valve into the oil cylinder front cavity, oil cylinder rear cavity oil through the second hydraulic valve back into the oil tank, oil cylinder front piston rod differential backstroke, while the oil cylinder front piston rod through the oil cylinder fast cavity oil push oil cylinder rear piston rod backstroke, when the oil cylinder front piston rod and oil cylinder rear piston rod collision directly push the oil cylinder rear piston rod backstroke, to the travel switch SQ1 signaling, electromagnet YV1, YV2, YV5, YV7 power loss, complete a cycle.

[0061] The main work of the oil cylinder fast cavity switch rod is to cut off and open the communication between the oil cylinder fast cavity and the outside. When the oil cylinder rear cavity is working, the pressure ratio of the oil cylinder fast cavity to the oil cylinder rear cavity is equal to the effective area ratio of the oil cylinder rear cavity to the oil cylinder fast cavity. Since the effective area of the oil cylinder rear cavity is much larger than that of the oil cylinder fast cavity, the oil cylinder fast cavity will form an ultra-high pressure. At this time, the oil cylinder fast cavity switch rod advances to cut off the communication between the oil cylinder fast cavity and the outside, avoiding the transmission of the ultra-high pressure of the oil cylinder fast cavity to the external hydraulic valve.

[0062] The hydraulic system gradually changes the thrust of the oil cylinder in the whole stroke working condition. When the thrust is small, the fast work is implemented, the required flow is greatly reduced, the energy saving effect is achieved, and it is suitable for various hydraulic system occasions.

[0063] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, which should be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A novel fast and energy-saving hydraulic cylinder system, comprising an oil pump (1), an oil tank (2), a hydraulic valve (3), a pressure sensor (4), and an oil cylinder (5); Its features are: The hydraulic cylinder (5) includes a cylinder body (51), a front piston rod (56), a rear piston rod (55), an oil inlet rod (510) for the quick chamber, and a switch rod (511) for the quick chamber. The end of the piston rod (56) of the cylinder protrudes from the end of the cylinder body (51), and the piston rod (56) forms a cylinder front cavity (53) with the inner cavity surface of the cylinder body (51) in the circumferential direction; the cylinder front cavity (53) is provided with a corresponding cylinder front cavity inlet (58). The cylinder front piston rod (56) has a cylinder rapid chamber (54) inside, and the head end of the cylinder rear piston rod (55) is inserted from the tail end of the cylinder front piston rod (56) and extends into the cylinder rapid chamber (54). The rear piston rod (55) of the hydraulic cylinder forms a rear cavity (52) between the end face of the rear piston rod (55) and the inner cavity surface of the hydraulic cylinder body (51); the rear cavity (52) is provided with a corresponding oil inlet (57). The piston rod (55) of the hydraulic cylinder has an axially oriented oil cylinder quick chamber inlet rod movement channel, the hydraulic cylinder (5) has an oil cylinder inlet channel at the rear end, the rear end of the oil cylinder quick chamber inlet rod (510) is connected to the oil cylinder inlet channel as a whole, and the front end of the oil cylinder quick chamber inlet rod (510) is inserted into the oil cylinder quick chamber inlet rod movement channel; The cylinder inlet channel is provided with a cylinder quick chamber inlet (59), which is connected to the cylinder quick chamber inlet channel in the cylinder quick chamber inlet rod (510) and further connected to the cylinder quick chamber (54). The cylinder inlet channel is provided with a cylinder quick chamber switch rod (511), and the forward and backward movement of the cylinder quick chamber switch rod (511) can open or close the cylinder quick chamber inlet (59).

2. The novel fast-acting and energy-saving hydraulic cylinder system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic valve (3) includes an overflow valve (31) equipped with a first electromagnet switch YV1, a second hydraulic valve (32) equipped with a second electromagnet switch YV2, a third hydraulic valve (33) equipped with a third electromagnet switch YV3, a fourth hydraulic valve (34) equipped with a fourth electromagnet switch YV4, a fifth hydraulic valve (35) equipped with a fifth electromagnet switch YV5, a sixth hydraulic valve (36) equipped with a sixth electromagnet switch YV6, and a seventh hydraulic valve (37) equipped with a seventh electromagnet switch YV7. The inlet pipe of the oil pump (1) is connected to the outlet of the oil tank (2). The outlet pipe of the oil pump (1) is divided into four paths, which are respectively connected to the first liquid inlet and outlet of the overflow valve (31), the third hydraulic valve (33), the fifth hydraulic valve (35), and the seventh hydraulic valve (37). The inlet pipe of the oil tank (2) is divided into four paths, which are respectively connected to the second liquid inlet and outlet of the overflow valve (31), the second hydraulic valve (32), the fourth hydraulic valve (34), and the sixth hydraulic valve (36); The first liquid inlet and outlet of the second hydraulic valve (32) and the second liquid inlet and outlet of the third hydraulic valve (33) are both connected to the oil inlet (59) of the quick chamber of the cylinder; the first liquid inlet and outlet of the fourth hydraulic valve (34) and the second liquid inlet and outlet of the fifth hydraulic valve (35) are both connected to the oil inlet (57) of the rear chamber of the cylinder; the first liquid inlet and outlet of the sixth hydraulic valve (36) and the second liquid inlet and outlet of the seventh hydraulic valve (37) are both connected to the oil inlet (58) of the front chamber of the cylinder.

3. The novel fast-acting and energy-saving hydraulic cylinder system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cylinder (5) is equipped with a first forward stroke switch SQ1 that controls the maximum return position of the front piston rod (56) of the cylinder.

4. The novel fast-acting and energy-saving hydraulic cylinder system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cylinder (5) is equipped with a second forward stroke switch SQ2 that controls the maximum forward position of the cylinder quick chamber switch rod (511), and a third forward stroke switch SQ3 that controls the maximum return position of the cylinder quick chamber switch rod (511).

5. A novel fast-acting and energy-saving hydraulic cylinder system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder cavity (512) is formed between the rear piston rod (55) of the cylinder, the front piston rod (56) of the cylinder, and the inner cavity surface of the cylinder body (51). An air passage (513) is provided in the front piston rod (56) of the cylinder, and the cylinder cavity (512) is connected to the outside air through the air passage (513).

6. A novel high-efficiency hydraulic control method for a fast-energy-saving hydraulic cylinder system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Including the following control methods: Method 1: No-load operation, the electromagnets are not energized, the oil pump outputs oil through the overflow valve on the hydraulic valve and returns directly to the oil tank, the system is unloaded and the oil cylinder does not work; Method 2: When the hydraulic cylinder advances rapidly, electromagnets YV1, YV3, and YV6 are energized. Oil output from the oil pump enters the rapid chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through the third hydraulic valve. Oil in the front chamber of the hydraulic cylinder returns to the oil tank through the sixth hydraulic valve. The front piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder advances rapidly to compress the material. When the pressure reaches the pressure value set by the pressure sensor, a signal is sent, and the hydraulic cylinder rapid chamber switch rod is moved forward to close the rapid chamber. When the cylinder reaches the final position, the limit switch SQ2 sends a signal to enter the next working procedure. Method 3: Rapid differential forward movement of the hydraulic cylinder. When the effective area of ​​the rapid chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is greater than the effective area of ​​the front chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, electromagnets YV1, YV3, and YV7 are energized. The oil output from the oil pump enters the rapid chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through the third hydraulic valve. The oil in the front chamber of the hydraulic cylinder enters the rapid chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through the seventh hydraulic valve and the third hydraulic valve. The front piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder moves forward rapidly and differentially to compress the material. When the pressure reaches the pressure value set by the pressure sensor, electromagnet YV7 is de-energized and electromagnet YV6 is energized, thus entering the working procedure of Method 2 above. Method 4: During the hydraulic cylinder's working advance, electromagnet YV3 is de-energized, while YV1, YV5, and YV6 are energized. The oil output from the oil pump enters the rear chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through the fifth hydraulic valve, and the oil in the front chamber of the hydraulic cylinder returns to the oil tank through the sixth hydraulic valve. Since the rapid chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is in a closed state and filled with oil, the rear piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder pushes the front piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder forward through the rapid chamber. When the pressure reaches the set pressure value of the pressure sensor, a signal is sent to enter the next working procedure. Method 5: Hydraulic cylinder unloading. Electromagnets YV1, YV5, and YV6 are de-energized, while YV4 is energized. The rear chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the oil tank for unloading. The hydraulic cylinder's rapid chamber is unloaded simultaneously by the piston rod retracting. After a certain period of time, the next working procedure begins. Method 6: Open the quick chamber of the hydraulic cylinder. Operate the quick chamber switch lever to return to open the quick chamber of the hydraulic cylinder. When the return is complete, the limit switch SQ3 sends a signal to enter the next working procedure. Method 7: During the cylinder return stroke, electromagnets YV1, YV2, YV4, and YV7 are energized. Oil output from the oil pump enters the front chamber of the cylinder through the seventh hydraulic valve. Oil in the cylinder's rapid chamber flows through the fourth hydraulic valve, and oil in the cylinder's rear chamber flows back into the oil tank through the second hydraulic valve. The front piston rod of the cylinder retracts during the return stroke. Simultaneously, the front piston rod pushes the rear piston rod of the cylinder to retract during the return stroke through the oil in the cylinder's rapid chamber. When the front piston rod and the rear piston rod collide, they directly push the rear piston rod to retract during the return stroke. When the cylinder reaches its final position, the limit switch SQ1 sends a signal, and electromagnets YV1, YV2, YV4, and YV7 are de-energized, completing one cycle. Method 8: Differential return of the hydraulic cylinder. When the effective area of ​​the front chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is greater than the effective area of ​​the rapid chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, electromagnets YV1, YV2, YV5, and YV7 are energized. The oil output from the oil pump enters the front chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through the seventh hydraulic valve. The oil in the rapid chamber of the hydraulic cylinder enters the front chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through the fifth and seventh hydraulic valves. The oil in the rear chamber of the hydraulic cylinder returns to the oil tank through the second hydraulic valve. The front piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder performs a differential return. At the same time, the front piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder pushes the rear piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to retract through the oil in the rapid chamber of the hydraulic cylinder. When the front piston rod and the rear piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder collide, they directly push the rear piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to retract. When the cylinder reaches the end position, the limit switch SQ1 sends a signal, and electromagnets YV1, YV2, YV5, and YV7 are de-energized, completing one cycle.

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