High-pressure hydrogen, oxygen and helium filling device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-pressure hydrogen, oxygen and helium filling device and method. Comprising a liquid oxygen tank group, a hydrogen tank group, a helium tank group, a liquid oxygen pressurization system, a hydrogen pressurization system, a helium pressurization system, a heat exchange system, an oxygen temperature and flow control system, a hydrogen temperature and flow control system, a helium temperature and flow control system, a filling gun isolation device, an autoclave, a remote master control system and a data pipeline. The device can simulate actual conditions of hydrogen, oxygen and helium filling in a closed space in a high-pressure environment, and research on a high-pressure closed hydrogen, oxygen and helium mixing rule and filling accuracy is carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy technology, specifically relating to a high-pressure hydrogen-oxygen-helium refueling device and method. Background Technology

[0002] A combustion hydrogen gun is a firing device that uses the combustion and expansion of hydrogen and oxygen gas to do work on a piston, giving the projectile enormous kinetic energy. It boasts advantages such as simple structure, high initial velocity, long range, and low cost. The precision of the hydrogen-oxygen gas loading, the mixing pattern and uniformity of the gas mixture are crucial for ensuring stable and safe combustion in a combustion hydrogen gun, and are also fundamental to achieving precise target engagement.

[0003] Existing research directly assumes uniform gas mixing, but studies on achieving uniform mixing, the realistically achievable level of uniformity, and mixing and refueling methods are relatively lacking. Research on the refueling characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen gas in high-pressure sealed containers is still in its early stages. Meanwhile, to ensure safe combustion of hydrogen and oxygen and reduce pressure fluctuations, inert gases such as helium are also used as refueling gases, mixed with hydrogen and oxygen. Therefore, given the complex requirements of using hydrogen-fired guns, it is essential to study the mixing characteristics of hydrogen, oxygen, and helium gases in high-pressure sealed environments and the conditions for accurate refueling, thus leading to the design of a high-pressure sealed hydrogen, oxygen, and helium gas refueling and mixing system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-pressure hydrogen-oxygen-helium refueling device and method, including a liquid oxygen tank group, a hydrogen tank group, a helium tank group, a liquid oxygen pressurization system, a hydrogen pressurization system, a helium pressurization system, a heat exchange system, an oxygen temperature and flow control system, a hydrogen temperature and flow control system, a helium temperature and flow control system, a refueling gun isolation device, an autoclave, a remote central control system, and a data pipeline. This invention can simulate the actual conditions of hydrogen-oxygen-helium gas refueling in a confined space under high pressure, and conduct research on the mixing law of high-pressure confined hydrogen-oxygen-helium gas and the accuracy of refueling.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows:

[0006] A high-pressure hydrogen-oxygen-helium refueling device includes a liquid oxygen tank group, a hydrogen tank group, a helium tank group, a liquid oxygen pressurization system, a hydrogen pressurization system, a helium pressurization system, a heat exchange system, an oxygen temperature and flow control system, a hydrogen temperature and flow control system, a helium temperature and flow control system, a refueling gun isolation device, an autoclave, a remote main control system, and a data pipeline.

[0007] The outlet end of the liquid oxygen tank group is connected to the inlet end of the liquid oxygen pressurization system.

[0008] The outlet end of the hydrogen tank group is connected to the inlet end of the hydrogen pressurization system.

[0009] The outlet of the helium tank assembly is connected to the inlet of the helium pressurization system.

[0010] Valves are installed at the outlet ends of the pipelines of the liquid oxygen tank group, hydrogen tank group, and helium tank group.

[0011] The outlets of the liquid oxygen booster system, hydrogen booster system, and helium booster system are all connected to the inlet of the heat exchange system.

[0012] The outlet of the heat exchange system is connected to the outlet of the oxygen temperature and flow control system, the outlet of the hydrogen temperature and flow control system, and the outlet of the helium temperature and flow control system, respectively.

[0013] The oxygen temperature and flow control system, the hydrogen temperature and flow control system, and the helium temperature and flow control system are connected in parallel, and their respective outlets are connected to the inlet of the filling isolation device.

[0014] The outlet end of the filling isolation device is provided with three pipelines as gas transport channels, and a valve is installed on each of the three channels. The outlet ends of the three valves are all connected to the high-pressure reactor for storing gas.

[0015] Signal sensors are installed on the liquid oxygen pressurization system, hydrogen pressurization system, helium pressurization system, oxygen temperature and flow control system, hydrogen temperature and flow control system, and helium temperature and flow control system. The data from the signal sensors are sent to the remote central control system through data pipelines.

[0016] Preferably, the liquid oxygen pressurization system can pressurize oxygen to 36.5 MPa, the hydrogen pressurization system can pressurize hydrogen to 70 MPa, and the helium pressurization system can pressurize helium to 70 MPa.

[0017] Preferably, the liquid oxygen pressurization system, hydrogen pressurization system, and helium pressurization system all require a heat exchange system for cooling, and the heat exchange system includes compressed air generated by an air compressor and a liquid nitrogen cold box.

[0018] Preferably, the liquid oxygen pressurization system, hydrogen pressurization system, and helium pressurization system are all equipped with safety valves, and the pressurization start and stop are set through pressure sensors and control instruments. When the pressure exceeds the limit, the system will automatically stop.

[0019] Preferably, the liquid oxygen boosting system, hydrogen boosting system, and helium boosting system are all equipped with air coolers, which are used to cool the exhaust gas after the booster pump drives the compressed gas to work for the first time.

[0020] Preferably, the signal sensor includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a flow sensor.

[0021] Preferably, the remote master control system has functions for controlling gas pressurization, temperature and flow control, filling and stopping filling, data acquisition, and safety protection.

[0022] Preferably, the valve is a pneumatic valve, and the operating air is connected by a fusible wire.

[0023] A high-pressure hydrogen-oxygen-helium refueling method, the specific steps of which include:

[0024] Step 1: Gas pressurization;

[0025] The oxygen pressurization system uses liquid oxygen storage tanks as the supply source and adds oxygen in liquid form; the hydrogen pressurization system uses hydrogen tank banks as the supply source and adds hydrogen in gaseous form; the helium pressurization system uses helium tank banks as the supply source and adds helium in gaseous form; the liquid oxygen pressurization system pressurizes oxygen to 36.5 MPa; the hydrogen pressurization system pressurizes hydrogen to 70 MPa; the helium pressurization system pressurizes helium to 70 MPa.

[0026] Step 2: Gas temperature and flow control;

[0027] The pressurized gas is first stored in the buffer bottle of the liquid nitrogen cold box. When the temperature data transmitted by the temperature sensor meets the process requirements, the gas is delivered to the back-end flow control system. After the low-temperature cold gas enters the mass flow meter, the injection rate is controlled by the proportional throttle valve at the back end. As the injection volume approaches, the valve opening decreases.

[0028] Step 3: Add isolation;

[0029] The pressurized gas needs to be injected into the autoclave in batches. To ensure safety, oxygen is added first. After one gas is added, the pipeline behind the flow meter is vented, and the injection gun in the injection isolation device isolates the pipeline before the next gas is added.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0031] This invention employs a gas source pressurization system, using liquid and gaseous storage tanks as the supply source for injection in liquid and gaseous forms respectively; it includes a gas booster pump; a cooling system at the pump's output, with the pressurized gas transported to a liquid nitrogen cryogenic chamber for deep cooling; a safety valve; a temperature monitoring system to monitor temperature changes in real time during injection; a liquid nitrogen cold chamber to ensure the system's cryogenic performance; a spiral tube heat exchanger at the gas cylinder outlet, also placed within the cold chamber, to ensure secondary thermal balance; a pneumatic valve for precise injection; an injection isolation device for rapid stopping of injection after completion; and a safety protection system to enhance the system's safety. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 1-Liquid oxygen tank group; 2-Hydrogen tank group; 3-Hydrogen tank group; 4-Liquid oxygen pressurization system; 5-Hydrogen pressurization system; 6-Hydrogen pressurization system; 7-Heat exchange system; 8-Oxygen temperature and flow control system; 9-Hydrogen temperature and flow control system; 10-Hydrogen temperature and flow control system; 11-Isolation device for filling gun; 12-High pressure vessel; 13-Air compressor; 14-Liquid nitrogen cold box; 15-Remote central control system; 17-Data pipeline; 101-First valve; 102-Second valve; 103-Third valve; 201-Fourth valve; 202-Fifth valve; 203-Sixth valve. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the difficulties in refueling hydrogen, oxygen, and helium in a high-pressure confined space, and to provide a high-pressure hydrogen, oxygen, and helium refueling device and method that can simulate the actual conditions of hydrogen, oxygen, and helium refueling in a confined space under high pressure, and to study the mixing law of hydrogen, oxygen, and helium in a high-pressure confined space and the accuracy of refueling.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the outlet of liquid oxygen tank group 1 is connected to the inlet of liquid oxygen pressurization system 4, the outlet of hydrogen tank group 2 is connected to the inlet of hydrogen pressurization system 5, and the outlet of helium tank group 3 is connected to the inlet of helium pressurization system 6. Each tank group's pipeline outlet is equipped with a first valve 101, a second valve 102, and a third valve 103, respectively. The outlet of liquid oxygen pressurization system 4 is connected to the inlet of heat exchange system 7, the outlet of hydrogen pressurization system 5 is connected to the inlet of heat exchange system 7, and the outlet of helium pressurization system 6 is connected to the inlet of heat exchange system 7. The outlet of heat exchange system 7 is connected to the outlets of oxygen temperature and flow control system 8, hydrogen temperature and flow control system 9, and helium temperature and flow control system 10, respectively. The three gas temperature and flow control systems are connected in parallel, with their respective outlets connected to the inlet of filling isolation device 11. The outlet of the filling isolation device 11 is equipped with three pipelines to ensure that the gas transport channels are independent of each other. A fourth valve 201, a fifth valve 202, and a sixth valve 203 are respectively installed on the channels. The outlets of the fourth valve 201, the fifth valve 202, and the sixth valve 203 are respectively connected to the high-pressure vessel for storing gas.

[0037] Each key component of the system, such as the liquid oxygen pressurization system 4, hydrogen pressurization system 5, helium pressurization system 6, oxygen temperature and flow control system 8, hydrogen temperature and flow control system 9, and helium temperature and flow control system 10, needs to be equipped with various signal sensors for pressure, temperature, and flow. All signal data are sent to the remote central control system 15 through data pipeline 17.

[0038] Liquid oxygen boosting system 4 can boost oxygen to 36.5 MPa, hydrogen boosting system 5 can boost hydrogen to 70 MPa, and helium boosting system 6 can boost helium to 70 MPa. All of these boosting systems require cooling by heat exchange system 7, which includes compressed air generated by air compressor 13 and liquid nitrogen cold box 14. All of these boosting systems must be equipped with safety valves, and boosting start / stop settings must be configured via pressure sensors and control instruments. When the pressure exceeds the limit, the system will automatically shut down. All of these systems must be equipped with air coolers for initial cooling of the exhaust gas after the booster pump drives the compressed gas for operation.

[0039] After pressurization, oxygen, hydrogen, and helium flow into oxygen temperature and flow control system 8, hydrogen temperature and flow control system 9, and helium temperature and flow control system 10, respectively. They are then cooled by passing through a buffer bottle in the liquid nitrogen cold box 14. The buffer bottle is equipped with a temperature sensor. Once the cold box is operational, the buffer bottle and the gas are cooled to a low temperature, meeting process requirements, and then delivered to the downstream flow control system. A spiral tube heat exchanger is also placed inside the cold box to ensure effective cooling during continuous use. After the cryogenic gas enters the mass flow meter, the filling rate is controlled by the downstream filling isolation device 11. Once the set value is reached, the shut-off valve automatically closes, completing the filling of that gas path.

[0040] The remote control system 15 has functions such as controlling gas pressurization, temperature and flow control, filling and stopping filling, data acquisition and safety protection.

[0041] The gases used in this invention include, but are not limited to, hydrogen, oxygen and helium.

[0042] The specific steps of the method of the present invention include:

[0043] Step 1: Gas Pressurization. The oxygen pressurization system 4 uses liquid oxygen storage tank 1 as its supply source, adding oxygen in liquid form; the hydrogen pressurization system 5 uses hydrogen tank group 2 as its supply source, adding hydrogen in gaseous form; the helium pressurization system 6 uses helium tank group 3 as its supply source, adding helium in gaseous form. The liquid oxygen pressurization system 4 pressurizes oxygen to 36.5 MPa; the hydrogen pressurization system 5 pressurizes hydrogen to 70 MPa; and the helium pressurization system 6 pressurizes helium to 70 MPa.

[0044] Step 2: Gas temperature and flow control. The pressurized gas is first stored in the buffer bottle of the liquid nitrogen cold box 14. Once the temperature data transmitted by the temperature sensor meets the process requirements, the gas is delivered to the downstream flow control system. After the cryogenic gas enters the mass flow meter, the injection rate is controlled by the downstream proportional throttle valve. As the injection volume approaches the target, the valve opening decreases.

[0045] Step 3: Isolation and Injection. The pressurized gas needs to be injected into the autoclave in batches. To ensure safety, oxygen should be injected first. After one gas stream is injected, the pipeline behind the flow meter is vented, and the injection gun in the injection isolation device 11 isolates the pipeline before injecting the next gas stream.

[0046] The first valve 101, the second valve 102, the third valve 103, the first valve 201, the second valve 202, and the third valve 203 of this invention are pneumatic valves, and the operating air is connected by a fusible wire. The fusible wire is arranged in different positions inside the system, so that in the event of a hazard, the air supply is cut off immediately and the circuit is vented.

Claims

1. A high-pressure hydrogen-oxygen-helium refueling device, characterized in that, Includes liquid oxygen tank group, hydrogen tank group, helium tank group, liquid oxygen pressurization system, hydrogen pressurization system, helium pressurization system, heat exchange system, oxygen temperature and flow control system, hydrogen temperature and flow control system, helium temperature and flow control system, filling gun isolation device, autoclave, remote main control system and data pipeline; The outlet end of the liquid oxygen tank group is connected to the inlet end of the liquid oxygen pressurization system. The outlet end of the hydrogen tank group is connected to the inlet end of the hydrogen pressurization system. The outlet of the helium tank assembly is connected to the inlet of the helium pressurization system. Valves are installed at the outlet ends of the pipelines of the liquid oxygen tank group, hydrogen tank group, and helium tank group. The outlets of the liquid oxygen booster system, hydrogen booster system, and helium booster system are all connected to the inlet of the heat exchange system. The outlet of the heat exchange system is connected to the outlet of the oxygen temperature and flow control system, the outlet of the hydrogen temperature and flow control system, and the outlet of the helium temperature and flow control system, respectively. The oxygen temperature and flow control system, the hydrogen temperature and flow control system, and the helium temperature and flow control system are connected in parallel, and their respective outlets are connected to the inlet of the filling isolation device. The outlet end of the filling isolation device is provided with three pipelines as gas transport channels, and a valve is installed on each of the three channels. The outlet ends of the three valves are all connected to the high-pressure reactor for storing gas. Signal sensors are installed on the liquid oxygen pressurization system, hydrogen pressurization system, helium pressurization system, oxygen temperature and flow control system, hydrogen temperature and flow control system, and helium temperature and flow control system. The data from the signal sensors are sent to the remote central control system through data pipelines.

2. The high-pressure hydrogen-oxygen-helium refueling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid oxygen pressurization system can pressurize oxygen to 36.5 MPa, the hydrogen pressurization system can pressurize hydrogen to 70 MPa, and the helium pressurization system can pressurize helium to 70 MPa.

3. The high-pressure hydrogen-oxygen-helium refueling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid oxygen pressurization system, hydrogen pressurization system, and helium pressurization system all require a heat exchange system for cooling. The heat exchange system includes compressed air generated by an air compressor and a liquid nitrogen cold box.

4. The high-pressure hydrogen-oxygen-helium refueling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid oxygen pressurization system, hydrogen pressurization system, and helium pressurization system are all equipped with safety valves, and the pressurization start and stop are set through pressure sensors and control instruments. When the pressure exceeds the limit, the system will automatically shut down.

5. A high-pressure hydrogen-oxygen-helium refueling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid oxygen boosting system, hydrogen boosting system, and helium boosting system are all equipped with air coolers, which are used to cool the exhaust gas after the booster pump drives the compressed gas to work.

6. A high-pressure hydrogen-oxygen-helium refueling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal sensors include pressure sensors, temperature sensors, and flow sensors.

7. A high-pressure hydrogen-oxygen-helium refueling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The remote central control system has functions for controlling gas pressurization, temperature and flow control, filling and stopping filling, data acquisition, and safety protection.

8. A high-pressure hydrogen-oxygen-helium refueling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve is a pneumatic valve, and the operating air is connected by a fusible wire.

9. A method for refueling using the high-pressure hydrogen-oxygen-helium refueling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps include: Step 1: Gas pressurization; The oxygen pressurization system uses liquid oxygen storage tanks as the supply source and adds oxygen in liquid form; the hydrogen pressurization system uses hydrogen tank banks as the supply source and adds hydrogen in gaseous form; the helium pressurization system uses helium tank banks as the supply source and adds helium in gaseous form; the liquid oxygen pressurization system pressurizes oxygen to 36.5 MPa; the hydrogen pressurization system pressurizes hydrogen to 70 MPa; the helium pressurization system pressurizes helium to 70 MPa. Step 2: Gas temperature and flow control; The pressurized gas is first stored in the buffer bottle of the liquid nitrogen cold box. When the temperature data transmitted by the temperature sensor meets the process requirements, the gas is delivered to the back-end flow control system. After the low-temperature cold gas enters the mass flow meter, the injection rate is controlled by the proportional throttle valve at the back end. As the injection volume approaches, the valve opening decreases. Step 3: Add isolation; The pressurized gas needs to be injected into the autoclave in batches. To ensure safety, oxygen is added first. After one gas is added, the pipeline behind the flow meter is vented, and the injection gun in the injection isolation device isolates the pipeline before the next gas is added.

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