Improved combustor capable of rapidly reducing nitrogen and stably combusting

Abstract

The invention discloses an improved combustor capable of rapidly reducing nitrogen and stabilizing combustion. The improved combustor comprises a radial flow guide plate, a circumferential flow guide plate, a center channel, a limiting swing part, an annular main pipe, a powder accumulation prevention inclined ring and a turbulent flow column. A radial flow guide plate and a circumferential flow guide plate are arranged in the bottom AA layer, a bottom A layer is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom AA layer, a central channel is formed in the bottom A layer, spoon-shaped flow guide blades are arranged in the central channel, and shaft holes are uniformly formed in the outer wall of the bottom A layer along the circumference; layered collaborative combustion stabilization and dynamic airflow regulation are designed, a bidirectional flow guide structure is adopted in the bottom layer, primary air is accurately structured, combustion fluctuation caused by airflow deflection is avoided, a local high-temperature backflow structure is arranged in the middle, a backflow area is constructed behind a combustion area through special contour design, high-temperature flue gas on the upper layer is guided back to the lower layer, and combustion fluctuation caused by airflow deflection is avoided. The ignition environment during low load is enhanced, the ignition stability is improved, and a flame restraining structure is additionally arranged on the upper portion.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of burners, in particular to an improved burner capable of quickly reducing nitrogen and stable combustion. BACKGROUND

[0002] As the core component of thermal equipment such as boilers and industrial furnaces, the combustion stability, nitrogen oxide emission level and burnout efficiency of the burner directly determine the energy efficiency and environmental protection performance of the equipment. With the further tightening of the emission limit value of nitrogen oxides and the increasing demand for energy saving and consumption reduction in the industrial field, the existing burners gradually expose the following technical pain points. First, the combustion stability and load adaptability are insufficient, which is difficult to meet the complex operating requirements. In the operation of industrial combustion equipment, the stability of the burner directly determines the safety and energy efficiency of the system. The existing burners rely on a single stable combustion structure and fail to build a multi-dimensional heat backflow and airflow regulation system. Under low load conditions, the furnace temperature is low, the high-temperature smoke backflow intensity is insufficient, and the coal powder ignition delay is obvious, which may cause flame fluttering, flameout and other problems. In the face of fluctuations in coal volatile matter and moisture, the traditional fixed structure cannot dynamically adjust the airflow swirl intensity and ignition environment, resulting in a dramatic fluctuation in the combustion state. For example, when the volatile matter decreases, the heat required for ignition is insufficient, which may form a rich coal zone and incomplete combustion. When the volatile matter is too high, it may cause coking due to excessive local heat intensity, making it difficult to adapt to the complex operating requirements of multiple coal types and variable loads in industrial scenarios. Second, in order to meet environmental protection standards, the existing burners use staged oxygen supplement technology to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions. However, due to design defects, the oxygen supplement precision and airflow mixing uniformity are insufficient. On the one hand, the oxygen supplement air duct is usually single-section or asymmetrically arranged, which cannot achieve stepwise control of wind speed and oxygen content. Excessive oxygen supplement at low load may cause local high temperature, which may generate thermal nitrogen oxides, and insufficient oxygen supplement at high load may form an oxygen-deficient zone, increasing the carbon content of fly ash. On the other hand, the coal powder mixing relies on natural diffusion in the primary air pipeline, which may cause uneven mixing of coal powder due to gravity stratification or airflow deviation, forming a phenomenon of coexistence of local rich coal and local rich oxygen, which not only increases nitrogen oxide emissions but also wastes energy, making it difficult to balance environmental protection requirements and burnout efficiency. Third, the existing burners do not fully consider the accumulation of powder prevention and control and the convenience of operation and maintenance in the design. The straight-angle joint, flat-bottom structure and surface of the flow guide component may form airflow dead zones, and the accumulated coal powder not only narrows the flow passage and increases the wind resistance, but also may cause coking due to local overheating, requiring frequent shutdown and disassembly for cleaning, which seriously affects the continuous operation of the equipment. The adjustment mechanism is usually independently designed, and the angle consistency cannot be guaranteed during operation. The adjustment range is narrow, and the core components need to be replaced to adapt to changes in coal types, which increases the workload and cost of operation and maintenance. At the same time, the heat resistance and wear resistance of the core level material are insufficient, and the equipment life is shortened and the life cycle cost is increased due to corrosion and wear caused by long-term high-temperature flue gas and fly ash erosion. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an improved burner that can rapidly reduce nitrogen and stabilize combustion, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: It includes a bottom AA layer, within which radial guide plates and circumferential guide plates are disposed. A bottom A layer is disposed on the upper surface of the bottom AA layer, with a central channel within the bottom A layer. A spoon-shaped guide vane is disposed within the central channel. Shaft holes are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the outer wall of the bottom A layer, with a shaft thread fitted inside the shaft hole. An adjusting swirl vane is disposed on the shaft thread. A limiting swing member is disposed at the outer end of the shaft thread, with a limiting guide groove on the limiting swing member. A mounting base is disposed on the outer wall of the bottom A layer, with a rotating shaft disposed within the mounting base. An adjusting ring is disposed between the rotating shaft and the outer wall of the bottom A layer. Limiting guide posts are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the outer wall of the adjusting ring, and the limiting guide posts are fitted into the limiting guide grooves. An adjusting handle is disposed on one side of the outer wall of the adjusting ring. A closed cavity is disposed on the outer side of the adjusting ring, and the closed cavity is disposed on the outer wall of the bottom A layer. An adjusting groove is disposed on one side of the outer wall of the closed cavity, and the adjusting handle passes through the adjusting groove.

[0005] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a heat-resistant AB layer is provided on the upper surface of the bottom A layer, a semi-circular flame-stabilizing bulge is uniformly provided on the inner wall of the heat-resistant AB layer along the circumference, and a main combustion B layer is provided on the upper surface of the heat-resistant AB layer.

[0006] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a flow guiding BC layer is provided on the upper surface of the main combustion B layer, an annular narrow air duct is provided at the bottom of the flow guiding BC layer, and an annular wide air duct is provided at the top of the flow guiding BC layer.

[0007] As a further technical solution of the present invention, an oxygen supplementation BC layer is provided on the upper surface of the flow guiding BC layer, a flow guiding slope is provided on the bottom inner wall of the oxygen supplementation BC layer, an air-powder mixing blade is provided on the inner wall of the oxygen supplementation BC layer, downward inclined nozzles are uniformly arranged along the circumference on the inner wall of the oxygen supplementation BC layer, and the downward inclined nozzles are located above the air-powder mixing blades. A first branch pipe is provided on the outer wall of the oxygen supplementation BC layer at the position corresponding to the downward inclined nozzles, and a combustion stabilizing ring is provided on the top inner wall of the oxygen supplementation BC layer.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a transition BC layer is provided on the upper surface of the oxygen supplementation BC layer, a first upwardly inclined nozzle is uniformly provided along the circumference on the inner wall of the transition BC layer, and an annular main pipe is provided on the outer wall of the transition BC layer at the position corresponding to the first upwardly inclined nozzle.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention, an optimized C layer is provided on the upper surface of the transition BC layer, an anti-powder accumulation oblique ring is provided on the bottom inner wall of the optimized C layer, and a flow rate monitoring interface is provided on the optimized C layer, as well as a narrow air outlet and a wide air outlet.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a transition CD layer is provided on the upper surface of the optimized C layer, and a turbulence column is provided in the transition CD layer.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a support rod is uniformly arranged along the circumference between the turbulence column and the inner wall of the transition CD layer, a second upwardly inclined nozzle is uniformly arranged along the circumference on the inner wall of the transition CD layer, and a second branch pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the transition CD layer at the position corresponding to the second upwardly inclined nozzle.

[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a monitoring D layer is provided on the upper surface of the transition CD layer, and a concentration monitoring interface is provided on the monitoring D layer.

[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention, an ED layer is disposed on the upper surface of the monitoring D layer, an E layer is disposed on the upper surface of the ED layer, and an F layer is disposed on the upper surface of the E layer.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention features layered collaborative combustion stabilization and dynamic airflow control. The bottom layer adopts a bidirectional flow-guiding structure to precisely regulate the primary air and avoid combustion fluctuations caused by airflow deviation. The middle layer is equipped with a local high-temperature recirculation structure, which, through a special contour design, constructs a recirculation zone behind the combustion area to guide the high-temperature flue gas from the upper layer back to the lower layer, enhancing the ignition environment under low load and improving ignition stability. The upper part is equipped with a flame confinement structure to effectively prevent flame dispersion or adhesion to the wall, ensuring that the combustion area is concentrated and controllable. At the same time, the linkage adjustment mechanism can synchronously adjust the angle of all airflow swirl components to dynamically match the ignition characteristics of different coal types. To meet load demands, this invention significantly expands the burner's coal adaptability and load capacity, ensuring stable combustion even under complex conditions such as low load and fluctuating coal types. To resolve the technical conflict between nitrogen reduction and burnout, this invention structurally optimizes airflow organization, oxygen supplementation control, and enhanced mixing. First, a stepped design of the duct cross-section creates wind speed stages. In the low-velocity section, slow-flow oxygen supplementation is achieved, controlling the local temperature in the main combustion zone and suppressing the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides at the source. In the high-velocity section, enhanced airflow disturbance provides sufficient power for subsequent burnout. Second, an innovative oxygen supplementation nozzle layout allows secondary air to precisely penetrate the core area of ​​the air-coal flow, avoiding... This design avoids oxygen waste by adhering to the walls and ensures uniform oxygen concentration in the circumferential direction through a ring-shaped distribution structure, eliminating localized oxygen deficiency or excess. Finally, through a special blade structure and central turbulence design, rotating turbulence is used to break up coal dust agglomerates, eliminating dead zones in the airflow center and significantly improving the uniformity of air-coal mixing, thus avoiding localized coal-rich or oxygen-rich phenomena. The overall design synergistically optimizes both the nitrogen oxide generation mechanism and combustion conditions, effectively reducing nitrogen oxide emissions and minimizing incomplete combustion losses, achieving simultaneous improvement in environmental performance and energy efficiency. Structurally, the device eliminates dead zones in airflow through designs such as inclined transitions and smooth surface treatments, guiding accumulated coal dust back into the mainstream. Airflow reduces downtime for cleaning. An innovative linkage adjustment mechanism replaces traditional decentralized adjustment, enabling simultaneous control of multiple components with a single operation. It is convenient and highly accurate, adaptable to various coal types without frequent component replacements, and significantly reduces maintenance workload. In terms of materials and sealing design, the core combustion area adopts a composite structure of heat-resistant steel and high wear-resistant refractory materials to enhance resistance to high-temperature corrosion and fly ash erosion. The joints of each level adopt a high-sealing structural design to effectively reduce the risk of flue gas leakage. The above design not only reduces maintenance costs and downtime, but also significantly improves the equipment's resistance to damage, extends its service life, and better adapts to the continuous operation requirements of industrial equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the bottom structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the bottom layer A of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the oxygen-supplementing BC layer of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional bottom view of the oxygen supplementation BC layer of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the transition BC layer of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the transition CD layer structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the transition CD layer structure from bottom to top in this invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Bottom AA layer; 2. Radial guide vane; 3. Circumferential guide vane; 4. Bottom A layer; 5. Central channel; 6. Spoon-shaped guide vane; 7. Shaft hole; 8. Adjustable swirl vane; 9. Shaft post; 10. Limiting swing component; 11. Limiting guide groove; 12. Mounting base; 13. Rotating shaft; 14. Adjusting ring; 15. Limiting guide post; 16. Adjusting handle; 17. Enclosed cavity; 18. Adjusting groove; 19. Heat-resistant AB layer; 20. Semi-circular combustion stabilizing bulge; 21. Main combustion B layer; 22. Guide BC layer; 23. Annular narrow air duct; 24. Annular wide air duct; 25. Supplement 26. Oxygen BC layer; 27. Guide ramp; 28. Air-powder mixing blade; 29. ​​Downward tilted nozzle; 30. First branch pipe; 31. Flame stabilizing ring; 32. Transition BC layer; 33. First upward tilted nozzle; 34. Annular main pipe; 35. Optimized C layer; 36. Anti-powder accumulation inclined ring; 37. Flow velocity monitoring interface; 38. Narrow air outlet; 39. Wide air outlet; 40. Transition CD layer; 41. Support rod; 42. Baffle column; 43. Second upward tilted nozzle; 44. Second branch pipe; 45. Monitoring D layer; 46. Concentration monitoring interface; 47. ED layer; 48. E layer; 49. F layer. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 8One embodiment of the present invention provides a spiral groove dynamic pressure sealing ring device with an improved structure, comprising a bottom AA layer 1, a radial guide plate 2 and a circumferential guide plate 3 disposed within the bottom AA layer 1, a bottom A layer 4 disposed on the upper surface of the bottom AA layer 1, a central channel 5 disposed within the bottom A layer 4, a spoon-shaped guide vane 6 disposed within the central channel 5, shaft holes 7 uniformly disposed along the circumference on the outer wall of the bottom A layer 4, a shaft post 9 sleeved within the shaft hole 7, an adjusting swirl vane 8 disposed on the shaft post 9, a limiting swing member 10 disposed at the outer end of the shaft post 9, a limiting guide groove 11 disposed on the limiting swing member 10, and a mounting base 12 disposed on the outer wall of the bottom A layer 4. A rotating shaft 13 is provided inside the mounting base 12. An adjusting ring 14 is provided between the rotating shaft 13 and the outer wall of the bottom A layer 4. Limiting guide posts 15 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer wall of the adjusting ring 14. The limiting guide posts 15 are sleeved in the limiting guide groove 11. An adjusting handle 16 is provided on one side of the outer wall of the adjusting ring 14. A closed cavity 17 is provided on the outer side of the adjusting ring 14 and is located on the outer wall of the bottom A layer 4. An adjusting groove 18 is opened on one side of the outer wall of the closed cavity 17, and the adjusting handle 16 passes through the adjusting groove 18. A heat-resistant AB layer 19 is provided on the upper surface of the bottom A layer 4. Semi-circular combustion stabilizing drums are evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the heat-resistant AB layer 19. Package 20, the upper surface of the heat-resistant AB layer 19 is provided with a main combustion B layer 21, which is the core combustion zone, receiving the high-temperature recirculation from the heat-resistant AB layer 19, allowing the air-coal mixture to initiate initial combustion here and form a stable flame core; the upper surface of the main combustion B layer 21 is provided with a flow guide BC layer 22, the bottom of which has an annular narrow air duct 23 and the top of which has an annular wide air duct 24. The annular narrow air duct 23 and the annular wide air duct 24 form a wind speed gradient. The narrow air duct slows down the flow and controls the temperature to suppress nitrogen oxides, while the wide air duct accelerates the flow and enhances turbulence, accumulating energy for subsequent mixing and oxygen replenishment; the upper surface of the flow guide BC layer 22 is provided with an oxygen replenishment BC layer 25, which replenishes... A guide slope 26 is provided on the bottom inner wall of the oxygen BC layer 25. An air-coal mixing blade 27 is provided on the inner wall of the oxygen supplementation BC layer 25. Downward inclined nozzles 28 are evenly arranged along the circumference on the inner wall of the oxygen supplementation BC layer 25, and the downward inclined nozzles 28 are located above the air-coal mixing blades 27. A first branch pipe 29 is provided on the outer wall of the oxygen supplementation BC layer 25 at the position corresponding to the downward inclined nozzles 28. A combustion stabilizing ring 30 is provided on the top inner wall of the oxygen supplementation BC layer 25. The guide slope 26 guides the airflow to rise smoothly. The air-coal mixing blades 27 enhance turbulence and disperse coal powder. The downward inclined nozzles 28 are connected to the secondary air for precise oxygen supplementation through the first branch pipe 29. The combustion stabilizing ring 30 constrains the flame shape.A transition BC layer 31 is provided on the upper surface of the oxygen supplementation BC layer 25. First upwardly inclined nozzles 32 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the transition BC layer 31. An annular main pipe 33 is provided on the outer wall of the transition BC layer 31 at the positions corresponding to the first upwardly inclined nozzles 32. The annular main pipe 33 evenly distributes secondary air to each of the first upwardly inclined nozzles 32, achieving uniform oxygen supplementation across the annular cross-section and eliminating local oxygen concentration deviations. An optimization C layer 34 is provided on the upper surface of the transition BC layer 31. The bottom inner wall of the optimization C layer 34 is provided with… The system includes an anti-powder-accumulation inclined ring 35, and an optimized C-layer 34 with a flow velocity monitoring interface 36. The optimized C-layer 34 also has narrow air vents 37 and wide air vents 38. The anti-powder-accumulation inclined ring 35 prevents coal dust accumulation, the flow velocity monitoring interface 36 provides real-time flow feedback, and the narrow and wide air vents 37 and 38 stabilize the airflow. A transition CD-layer 39 is provided on the upper surface of the optimized C-layer 34, and a turbulence column 41 is installed within the transition CD-layer 39. The turbulence column 41 breaks the dead zone in the center of the transition CD-layer 39, forcing the airflow in the center and the annular area to mix. To improve the uniformity of air-coal combustion, support rods 40 are evenly arranged circumferentially between the turbulence column 41 and the inner wall of the transition CD layer 39. Second upward-inclined nozzles 42 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the transition CD layer 39. A second branch pipe 43 is installed on the outer wall of the transition CD layer 39 at the position corresponding to the second upward-inclined nozzle 42. The second branch pipe 43 connects to secondary air, which then provides final oxygen supplementation to the air-coal mixture through the second upward-inclined nozzle 42, ensuring complete combustion of the pulverized coal. A monitoring device D is installed on the upper surface of the transition CD layer 39. Layer 44, monitoring layer D, has a concentration monitoring interface 45 that monitors the coal concentration in real time, providing data support for adjusting the swirl intensity or oxygen supply in the bottom layer A. The upper surface of monitoring layer D 44 is fitted with layer ED 46, the upper surface of layer ED 46 with layer E 47, and the upper surface of layer E 47 with layer F 48. Layer ED 46 smoothly connects monitoring layers D 44 and E 47. Layer E 47 completes the final combustion of the coal powder, and layer F 48 regulates the flue gas flow field, transitioning to the subsequent heat exchange system.

[0026] Working principle: External air first enters the bottom AA layer 1. The radial guide plate 2 inside the layer guides the airflow in the radial direction to avoid circumferential deviation. The circumferential guide plate 3 regulates the flow field in the annular direction, initially constructing a uniform annular airflow, laying the foundation for subsequent air-powder mixing. The airflow that has been initially guided enters the bottom A layer 4. The spoon-shaped guide vanes 6 in the central channel 5 break up coal powder agglomerates, promoting the initial dispersion of coal powder in the airflow. The swirl vanes 8 can be adjusted by rotating the shaft 9 through the shaft hole 7 on the outer wall. During adjustment, the adjustment handle 16 in the closed cavity 17 passes through the adjustment groove 18, driving the adjustment ring 14 on the outside of the rotating shaft 13 in the mounting base 12 to rotate. The limiting guide post 15 on the outer wall of the adjustment ring 14 is sleeved on the outer end of the shaft 9 to limit the swing. Within the limiting guide groove 11 of component 10, all adjusting swirl blades 8 are synchronously driven to swing, precisely adapting to the ignition characteristics of different coal types. The airflow enters the heat-resistant AB layer 19, where semi-circular stabilizing drums 20, evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner wall, form a local high-temperature recirculation zone behind the drums. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the upper combustion layer is blocked by the drums and partially flows back into the heat-resistant AB layer 19, where it is fully mixed with the rising air-coal mixture below, significantly increasing the ignition temperature under low-load conditions and effectively suppressing flame flickering and flameout. The air-coal mixture enhanced by stabilization enters the main combustion B layer 21. Under the synergistic effect of the swirl airflow and high-temperature recirculation, the pulverized coal reaches the ignition temperature and initiates the initial combustion reaction. This stage is dominated by a reducing atmosphere, with local oxygen concentration controlled, initially suppressing heat. Force-type nitrogen oxides are generated, and the airflow enters the guide BC layer 22. The annular narrow air duct 23 at the bottom has a small cross-section and low flow velocity to achieve slow-flow oxygen supplementation and control the local temperature of the main combustion zone. The annular wide air duct 24 at the top enhances airflow disturbance and provides power for subsequent oxygen supplementation and mixing, forming a step-like regulation of slow-flow nitrogen reduction and rapid-flow oxygen mixing. The airflow enters the oxygen supplement BC layer 25, and the guide slope 26 on the bottom inner wall guides the airflow to rise smoothly, avoiding vortices caused by right-angle collisions at the layer junctions. The air-coal mixing blades 27 on the inner wall rotate with the airflow, generating strong turbulence, which completely disperses the coal powder in the airflow and improves the uniformity of air-coal mixing. The downward-sloping nozzle 28 above the air-coal mixing blades 27 passes through the corresponding position on the outer wall of the oxygen supplement BC layer 25. A branch pipe 29 connects to secondary air, cutting into the core area of ​​the air-coal mixture at an upward angle to precisely replenish the oxygen required for combustion and avoid waste due to secondary air adhering to the wall. The stabilizing ring 30 on the top inner wall further constrains the flame shape, preventing local overheating caused by flame dispersion or wall-adhering combustion. The airflow enters the transition BC layer 31, where first upwardly inclined nozzles 32, evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner wall, connect to secondary air through the corresponding annular main pipe 33 on the outer wall of the transition BC layer 31. The annular main pipe 33 evenly distributes the secondary air to each first upwardly inclined nozzle 32, ensuring that the air-coal mixture receives sufficient and uniform oxygen replenishment on the annular cross-section, eliminating local oxygen deficiency or excess, further optimizing combustion efficiency and suppressing nitrogen oxide generation. The airflow then enters the optimization C layer 34.The anti-powder-accumulation inclined ring 35 on the bottom inner wall guides any coal dust that may accumulate in the airflow through its inclined structure. Due to gravity or dead air angles, the coal dust is reintegrated into the mainstream airflow, preventing coal dust from accumulating and blocking the channel at the bottom of the optimized C layer 34. Simultaneously, the flow velocity monitoring interface 36 on the optimized C layer 34 can be connected to a flow velocity sensor to monitor the airflow velocity in this layer in real time. Narrow air vents 37 and wide air vents 38 ensure that the air-coal mixture enters the upper layer in a stable flow state. The airflow enters the transition CD layer 39. A turbulence column 41, located in the center of the layer, is evenly distributed circumferentially between the turbulence column 41 and the inner wall of the transition CD layer 39 via a support rod 40. This fixes the airflow, breaking up the low-velocity region in the center of the airflow and forcing the airflow in the central region to fully mix with the airflow in the annular region, preventing coal dust accumulation in the center. At the same time, a second upwardly inclined nozzle 42, evenly distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the transition CD layer 39, connects to secondary air via a second branch pipe 43 at a corresponding position on the outer wall of the transition CD layer 39. This provides a final, precise oxygen supply to the air-coal mixture, ensuring sufficient oxygen for coal combustion and further reducing the unburned carbon content. The airflow enters monitoring layer D 44, where a concentration monitoring interface 45 can be connected to a pulverized coal concentration sensor to monitor the pulverized coal concentration of the air-coal mixture in real time. If the concentration deviation exceeds the preset range, the system can adjust the angle of the swirl blades in the bottom layer A 4 or the secondary air volume of the oxygen supplement layer BC 25 and the transition layer BC 31 to ensure that the air-coal concentration entering the subsequent layers is always in the optimal combustion range. The airflow enters layer ED 46, where the structural design eliminates airflow disturbances between monitoring layer D 44 and layer E 47, allowing the air-coal mixture to enter layer E 47 in a smooth annular airflow state, avoiding combustion fluctuations caused by layer connection. The air-coal mixture entering layer E 47 completes final combustion in this layer. As the burner's end combustion zone, layer E 47, with sufficient oxygen and a stable flow field accumulated in the previous staged oxygen supplementation, ensures that the remaining unburned pulverized coal is completely burned, significantly reducing the carbon content of fly ash and improving energy utilization efficiency. The high-temperature flue gas after combustion in layer E 47 enters layer F 48, where the internal high-temperature flue gas flow field is regularized, allowing the flue gas to enter the subsequent heat exchange equipment at a uniform speed and distribution. ,

[0027] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An improved burner capable of rapid nitrogen reduction and stable combustion, comprising a bottom AA layer (1), characterized in that: The bottom AA layer (1) is provided with a radial guide plate (2) and a circumferential guide plate (3). The upper surface of the bottom AA layer (1) is provided with a bottom A layer (4). A central channel (5) is provided in the bottom A layer (4). A spoon-shaped guide vane (6) is provided in the central channel (5). A shaft hole (7) is evenly provided along the circumference on the outer wall of the bottom A layer (4). A shaft post (9) is sleeved in the shaft hole (7). An adjusting swirl vane (8) is provided on the shaft post (9). A limit swing member (10) is provided at the outer end of the shaft post (9). A limit guide groove (11) is provided on the limit swing member (10). A mounting base (1) is provided on the outer wall of the bottom A layer (4). 2) A rotating shaft (13) is provided inside the mounting base (12). An adjusting ring (14) is provided between the rotating shaft (13) and the outer wall of the bottom A layer (4). A limiting guide post (15) is evenly provided along the circumference on the outer wall of the adjusting ring (14). The limiting guide post (15) is sleeved in the limiting guide groove (11). An adjusting handle (16) is provided on one side of the outer wall of the adjusting ring (14). A closed cavity (17) is provided on the outside of the adjusting ring (14). The closed cavity (17) is located on the outer wall of the bottom A layer (4). An adjusting groove (18) is opened on one side of the outer wall of the closed cavity (17). The adjusting handle (16) passes through the adjusting groove (18).

2. The improved burner capable of rapid nitrogen reduction and stable combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the bottom A layer (4) is provided with a heat-resistant AB layer (19), and a semi-circular stable combustion bulge (20) is uniformly provided along the circumference on the inner wall of the heat-resistant AB layer (19). The upper surface of the heat-resistant AB layer (19) is provided with a main combustion B layer (21).

3. An improved burner capable of rapid nitrogen reduction and stable combustion according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the main combustion layer B (21) is provided with a flow guiding layer BC (22), the bottom of the flow guiding layer BC (22) is provided with an annular narrow air duct (23), and the top of the flow guiding layer BC (22) is provided with an annular wide air duct (24).

4. An improved burner capable of rapid nitrogen reduction and stable combustion according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper surface of the flow guiding BC layer (22) is provided with an oxygen supplement BC layer (25), the bottom inner wall of the oxygen supplement BC layer (25) is provided with a flow guiding slope (26), the inner wall of the oxygen supplement BC layer (25) is provided with an air-powder mixing blade (27), the inner wall of the oxygen supplement BC layer (25) is uniformly provided with a downward inclined nozzle (28) along the circumference, and the downward inclined nozzle (28) is located above the air-powder mixing blade (27). The outer wall of the oxygen supplement BC layer (25) is provided with a first branch pipe (29) at the position corresponding to the downward inclined nozzle (28), and the top inner wall of the oxygen supplement BC layer (25) is provided with a combustion stabilizing ring (30).

5. An improved burner capable of rapid nitrogen reduction and stable combustion according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper surface of the oxygen supplementation BC layer (25) is provided with a transition BC layer (31). The inner wall of the transition BC layer (31) is uniformly provided with a first upward inclined nozzle (32) along the circumference. The outer wall of the transition BC layer (31) is provided with an annular main pipe (33) at the position corresponding to the first upward inclined nozzle (32).

6. An improved burner capable of rapid nitrogen reduction and stable combustion according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper surface of the transition BC layer (31) is provided with an optimized C layer (34), the bottom inner wall of the optimized C layer (34) is provided with an anti-powder accumulation inclined ring (35), and the optimized C layer (34) is provided with a flow rate monitoring interface (36), and the optimized C layer (34) is provided with a narrow air outlet (37) and a wide air outlet (38).

7. An improved burner capable of rapid nitrogen reduction and stable combustion according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper surface of the optimized C layer (34) is provided with a transition CD layer (39), and a turbulence column (41) is provided inside the transition CD layer (39).

8. An improved burner capable of rapid nitrogen reduction and stable combustion according to claim 7, characterized in that: A support rod (40) is uniformly arranged along the circumference between the turbulence column (41) and the inner wall of the transition CD layer (39). A second upward inclined nozzle (42) is uniformly arranged along the circumference on the inner wall of the transition CD layer (39). A second branch pipe (43) is arranged on the outer wall of the transition CD layer (39) at the position corresponding to the second upward inclined nozzle (42).

9. An improved burner capable of rapid nitrogen reduction and stable combustion according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper surface of the transition CD layer (39) is provided with a monitoring D layer (44), and a concentration monitoring interface (45) is provided on the monitoring D layer (44).

10. An improved burner capable of rapid nitrogen reduction and stable combustion according to claim 9, characterized in that: The upper surface of the monitoring layer D (44) is provided with an ED layer (46), the upper surface of the ED layer (46) is provided with an E layer (47), and the upper surface of the E layer (47) is provided with an F layer (48).

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