Mine earth surface three-dimensional deformation continuous monitoring and early warning device and method
By designing a continuous monitoring and early warning device for three-dimensional deformation of the mine surface, and combining it with a high-altitude scanner and a surface monitor, multi-parameter collaborative analysis was achieved, solving the problems of low monitoring accuracy and insufficient early warning in the existing technology, and improving the data completeness and response speed of mine surface deformation monitoring.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511113970.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing mine surface monitoring technologies cannot achieve multi-parameter collaborative analysis, making it difficult to comprehensively assess deformation risks. Manual inspection cycles are long, fixed sensors have limited coverage, monitoring accuracy in high-altitude areas is low, and there is a lack of dynamic early warning mechanisms based on three-dimensional models.
Design a continuous monitoring and early warning device for three-dimensional surface deformation in mines, including an aerial scanner and a surface deformation monitor. Combined with cloud data processing, it realizes multi-parameter collaborative analysis. Data is collected by the aerial scanner and the surface monitor to generate a three-dimensional deformation database. Wide-area scanning is performed using radar modules and fiber optic sensors. Precise verification is carried out by combining a vision system and sliding monitoring components to achieve automatic early warning.
It enables multi-parameter collaborative analysis, improves monitoring accuracy and coverage, provides continuous automatic early warning capability, adapts to different geological conditions, generates three-dimensional early warning models, and issues timely alarms.
Smart Images
Figure CN120970515A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mine monitoring, in particular to a mine surface three-dimensional deformation continuous monitoring and early warning device and method. BACKGROUND
[0002] Mine surface deformation monitoring is a key means to prevent geological disasters such as landslides and collapses. The traditional monitoring method mainly relies on manual inspection, GNSS positioning or single sensor monitoring mode, which has obvious defects: Most technologies only support monitoring horizontal displacement or vertical displacement, lack of multi-parameter collaborative analysis of crack pressure, displacement rate, etc., and are difficult to fully evaluate deformation risk; manual inspection mode has a long overall monitoring period and cannot achieve continuous automatic early warning; and the overall coverage of fixed sensors is limited, resulting in low monitoring accuracy in high-altitude areas; The existing monitor has poor adaptability, and the crack monitoring component cannot fully meet the installation requirements of cracks of different specifications, which easily leads to poor crack monitoring effect. Some schemes use radar or optical fiber sensing, but cannot effectively integrate high-altitude wide-area scanning and surface precision monitoring, and lack a three-dimensional model dynamic early warning mechanism. In view of this, there may be technical means in the prior art to solve the above problems, but the present application wants to provide an alternative or replacement technical solution. SUMMARY
[0003] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above problems, and a mine surface three-dimensional deformation continuous monitoring and early warning device and method is designed, which solves the problems that most existing technologies only support monitoring horizontal displacement or vertical displacement, lack of multi-parameter collaborative analysis of crack pressure, displacement rate, etc., and are difficult to fully evaluate deformation risk; manual inspection mode has a long overall monitoring period and cannot achieve continuous automatic early warning; and the overall coverage of fixed sensors is limited, resulting in low monitoring accuracy in high-altitude areas. The existing monitor has poor adaptability, and the crack monitoring component cannot fully meet the installation requirements of cracks of different specifications, which easily leads to poor crack monitoring effect. Some schemes use radar or optical fiber sensing, but cannot effectively integrate high-altitude wide-area scanning and surface precision monitoring, and lack a three-dimensional model dynamic early warning mechanism. In view of this, there may be technical means in the prior art to solve the above problems, but the present application wants to provide an alternative or replacement technical solution.
[0004] The technical solution of the present application to achieve the above purpose is: a mine surface three-dimensional deformation continuous monitoring and early warning device, comprising a cloud, a control unit and a man-machine interaction module, further comprising a high-altitude scanner and a surface deformation monitor. The high-altitude scanner is used to collect surface horizontal and vertical displacement information. The surface deformation monitor is used to collect pressure change information and displacement rate information of surface cracks. The cloud is used for storing ground surface level, vertical displacement information, pressure change information and displacement rate information, and after receiving data, historical information is started for comparison; The control unit is used for calling visual system data, finding corresponding area displacement information, and starting high-altitude scanner and sliding monitoring component for re-measurement; The touch screen in the human-computer interaction module pops up the three-dimensional model of the warning area; The high-altitude scanner comprises a basic support structure and a rotating monitoring structure, and is remotely connected with a ground surface deformation monitor; The ground surface deformation monitor comprises a mounting plate, a vertical plate, an auxiliary plate, two guide rods, two springs, an operation hole, a moving plate, a squeezing fixing component, a support frame, a sliding monitoring component, a fixing plate, a radar module and an optical fiber sensor; The vertical plate is fixedly installed at one side of the lower end of the mounting plate, the auxiliary plate is fixedly installed at the other side of the lower end of the mounting plate, the two guide rods are connected with the side walls of the vertical plate and the auxiliary plate at the two ends respectively, the two springs are movably sleeved on the upper ends of the two guide rods respectively, the operation hole is formed at one side of the upper end of the mounting plate, the moving plate is movably sleeved on the upper ends of the two guide rods and movably penetrates through the operation hole, the squeezing fixing component is installed at the side walls of the vertical plate and the moving plate, the support frame is fixedly installed at one side of the upper end of the mounting plate, the sliding monitoring component is installed at the side wall of the support frame and connected with the top end of the moving plate, the fixing plate is installed on the upper end of the support frame, and the radar module and the optical fiber sensor are located at the two sides of the upper end of the fixing plate respectively.
[0005] Preferably, the sliding monitoring component comprises a mounting screw rod, a positioning groove, two mounting sleeves, four positioning nuts, two mounting rods, two pressure sensors, a mounting block and two monitoring rods. One end of the mounting screw rod is fixedly connected with the side wall of the support frame, the positioning groove is formed in the upper wall surface of the mounting screw rod, the mounting screw rod movably penetrates through the top end of the moving plate, the two mounting sleeves are movably sleeved on the mounting screw rod and located at the two sides of the moving plate respectively, the four positioning nuts are movably sleeved on the mounting screw rod and located at the two sides of the two mounting sleeves respectively, the two mounting rods are installed on the upper ends of the two mounting sleeves respectively, the two pressure sensors are installed on the side walls of the two mounting rods respectively, the mounting block is fixedly installed at the center of the upper end of the moving plate, and the two monitoring rods are installed at the two sides of the mounting block and in contact with the two pressure sensors respectively.
[0006] Preferably, the rotating monitoring structure comprises a mounting frame, a protection disc, two extension protection plates, two camera modules, a fixing seat and a high-altitude warning lamp. The mounting frame is fixedly installed at the top end of the base support structure, the protective disc is fixedly installed at the upper end of the mounting frame, two extension protective plates are respectively installed at the two sides of the protective disc, two camera modules are respectively installed at the lower end of the mounting frame, the fixed seat is fixedly installed at the center of the upper end of the protective disc, an inner thread is processed at the center of the upper wall of the fixed seat, and the high-altitude warning lamp is movably embedded in the fixed seat through an outer thread at the bottom end.
[0007] Preferably, the extrusion fixing assembly comprises four side plates, four threaded sleeves and four extension screws. The four side plates are respectively installed at the center of the side walls of the vertical plate and the moving plate, the four threaded sleeves are respectively fixedly embedded at the center of the four side plates, and the four extension screws are respectively movably embedded in the four threaded sleeves.
[0008] Preferably, the base support structure comprises a base and a vertical rod, the vertical rod is installed at the upper end of the base through a flange plate, an operation box body is installed at the top end of the vertical rod, a signal sending module is installed at the lower end inside the operation box body, a reciprocating motor is installed at the upper end inside the operation box body, a rotating rod is installed at the output end of the reciprocating motor, the rotating rod penetrates through the upper wall of the operation box body through a bearing at the top end, and the top end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected with the lower end of the mounting frame.
[0009] Preferably, the two extension protective plates are respectively located above the two camera modules.
[0010] The method for continuously monitoring and early warning of three-dimensional deformation of mine surface comprises the following steps. Step S1: install the core support and the vertical rod monitoring structure, and drive the motor to rotate the structure reciprocally to scan the ground radar module; Step S2: connect the mounting frame to the top end of the base support structure, install two camera modules to the two sides of the mounting frame, and connect the control system; Step S3: rotate the mounting frame of the support structure, the camera module scans the position and height of the ground radar module, and generates a three-dimensional model of the surface; the high-altitude warning lamp issues an alarm when deformed; Step S4: according to the crack width, adjust the positions of the two installation sleeves on the installation screw, tighten the positioning nut to fix, and fix the two pressure sensors to contact the monitoring rods on the two sides of the installation block; Step S5: adjust the sliding monitoring assembly of the side wall of the support frame to zero; Step S6: connect the radar module and the optical fiber sensor; Step S7: install multiple surface deformation monitors at specified positions, and connect the optical fiber sensors of all the monitors to the cloud; Step S8: the high-altitude scanner continuously scans the ground radar module position and height, generates a ground three-dimensional model, and the cloud compares the models of different periods to calculate the deformation amount; Step S9: when a change is detected, the control unit drives the high-altitude scanner to recheck, the cloud compares historical data to confirm the anomaly, the man-machine interaction module displays the anomaly, the signal sending module sends an alarm, and the optical fiber sensor perceives the strain and temperature through the change of the optical signal to locate the deformation position.
[0011] The mine ground three-dimensional deformation continuous monitoring and early warning device and method made by the technical scheme of the application acquire ground horizontal and vertical displacement information in a wide area through the high-altitude scanner, form a three-dimensional deformation database in combination with the crack pressure and displacement rate data of the ground deformation monitor, monitor large-range displacement through the radar module, and capture micro-crack changes through the optical fiber sensor to improve data completeness. The control unit automatically triggers re-measurement of the abnormal area, performs preliminary screening through the vision system, calls the high-altitude scanner for wide-area scanning, and starts the sliding monitoring assembly for precise verification, so that triple verification reduces false positives. The pressure sensor is in real-time contact with the monitoring rod, the installation sleeve is matched with the positioning nut, the monitoring rod pressure sensitivity is adjusted, different geological conditions are adapted to, the extrusion fixing assembly is tightly pressed against the rock mass through the extension screw rod, and the installation plate is ensured to be stable. The cloud compares historical data to analyze the deformation trend in real time, the man-machine interaction module automatically generates a three-dimensional model of the early warning area, intuitively displays the risk points, the high-altitude warning light is linked to alarm, and the on-site response speed is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of a ground deformation monitor of the mine ground three-dimensional deformation continuous monitoring and early warning device.
[0013] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a bottom perspective view of the ground deformation monitor of the mine ground three-dimensional deformation continuous monitoring and early warning device.
[0014] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of the ground deformation monitor of the mine ground three-dimensional deformation continuous monitoring and early warning device.
[0015] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a front perspective view of a high-altitude scanner of the mine ground three-dimensional deformation continuous monitoring and early warning device.
[0016] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a bottom perspective view of the high-altitude scanner of the mine ground three-dimensional deformation continuous monitoring and early warning device.
[0017] Figure 6 It is the high-altitude scanner main view sectional structure schematic diagram of the mine surface three-dimensional deformation continuous monitoring and early warning device.
[0018] Figure 7 It is the structure schematic block diagram of the mine surface three-dimensional deformation continuous monitoring and early warning device.
[0019] In the figure: 1, mounting plate, 2, vertical plate, 3, auxiliary plate, 4, guide rod, 5, spring, 6, operation hole, 7, moving plate, 8, support frame, 9, fixed plate, 10, radar module, 11, optical fiber sensor, 12, mounting screw, 13, positioning groove, 14, mounting sleeve, 15, positioning nut, 16, mounting rod, 17, pressure sensor, 18, mounting block, 19, monitoring rod, 20, mounting frame, 21, protection disc, 22, extension protection plate, 23, camera module, 24, fixed seat, 25, high-altitude warning light, 26, side plate, 27, threaded sleeve, 28, extension screw, 29, base, 30, vertical rod, 31, operation box, 32, signal sending module, 33, reciprocating motor, 34, rotating rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] The application will be specifically described below in combination with the drawings, as shown in Figures 1-7 The mine surface three-dimensional deformation continuous monitoring and early warning device and method.
[0021] Embodiment: the mine surface three-dimensional deformation continuous monitoring and early warning device, including cloud, control unit and man-machine interaction module, also including high-altitude scanner and surface deformation monitor; The high-altitude scanner is used for collecting surface horizontal and vertical displacement information; composed of camera module and radar module, The surface deformation monitor is used for collecting surface crack pressure change information and displacement rate information; horizontal displacement is matched and tracked by binocular vision technology on surface feature points, the accuracy reaches ±3mm, vertical displacement adopts millimeter wave radar interferometric ranging technology, the accuracy reaches ±1.5mm, crack pressure change monitoring: range 0-5MPa, real-time monitoring crack edge pressure change.
[0022] The cloud is used for storing surface horizontal, vertical displacement information, pressure change information and displacement rate information, simultaneously receiving data to start historical information comparison, data storage mode: horizontal and vertical displacement data, pressure change information and displacement rate information, automatically searching similar geological deformation cases in historical database, adopting logistic regression model to calculate landslide risk probability.
[0023] The control unit is used to call visual system data, find corresponding area displacement information, and simultaneously start high-altitude scanner and sliding monitoring component for re-measurement; after receiving visual system alarm, check whether displacement is over threshold value, if over threshold value, start high-altitude scanner for re-measurement, and synchronously call ground surface deformation monitor to verify pressure change, and trigger secondary or above early warning when pressure change matches displacement data; The touch screen in the human-computer interaction module pops up three-dimensional model of early warning area; Information display; Ground surface displacement field: presented in the form of heat map; Crack position: calibrated as red vector line according to pressure sensor data; Historical landslide path: case is displayed as semi-transparent gray area by calling from cloud; Interactive function: click early warning area to display 10-day displacement change curve of the position; Long press pressure abnormal point to display rock mass stress finite element analysis result; Module cooperative work flow; When horizontal displacement of slope area reaches 12 mm / d, the control unit responds: locate abnormal coordinates, start high-altitude scanner for re-measurement, verify synchronous abnormality of vertical displacement, activate ground surface deformation monitor to detect crack pressure, cloud platform analyzes, searches historical database for similar cases, pushes early warning, human-computer interaction module executes, touch screen pops up three-dimensional model focusing on abnormal area, displays landslide warning information, sound and light alarm frequency is improved to 2 Hz, and evacuation path is generated; Monitoring accuracy; Horizontal displacement: ±3 mm (0-500 m range); Vertical displacement: ±1.5 mm; Pressure measurement: ±0.5% (0.01-5 MPa range); Response time; Control unit: abnormality confirmation to re-measurement start ≤3 seconds; Human-computer interaction: early warning information reaches site ≤10 seconds; Cloud platform: historical comparison feedback ≤30 seconds.
[0024] The high-altitude scanner comprises a basic support structure and a rotating monitoring structure, and is remotely connected with a ground surface deformation monitor; The ground surface deformation monitor comprises a mounting plate 1, a vertical plate 2, an auxiliary plate 3, two guide rods 4, two springs 5, an operation hole 6, a moving plate 7, a squeezing fixing assembly, a support frame 8, a sliding monitoring assembly, a fixing plate 9, a radar module 10 and an optical fiber sensor 11; The vertical plate 2 is fixedly installed on one side of the lower end of the mounting plate 1, the auxiliary plate 3 is fixedly installed on the other side of the lower end of the mounting plate 1, the two guide rods 4 are respectively connected with the side walls of the vertical plate 2 and the auxiliary plate 3, the two springs 5 are movably sleeved on the upper ends of the two guide rods 4, the operation hole 6 is arranged on one side of the upper end of the mounting plate 1, the moving plate 7 is movably sleeved on the upper ends of the two guide rods 4 and penetrates the operation hole 6, the extrusion fixing assembly is installed on the side walls of the vertical plate 2 and the moving plate 7, the support frame 8 is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end of the mounting plate 1, the sliding monitoring assembly is installed on the side wall of the support frame 8 and connected with the top end of the moving plate 7, the fixed plate 9 is installed on the upper end of the support frame 8, and the radar module 10 and the optical fiber sensor 11 are respectively located on the two sides of the upper end of the fixed plate 9.
[0025] When the embedded monitoring of the surface crack is performed, the extrusion fixing assembly on the upper end of the vertical plate 2 and the moving plate 7 is adjusted according to the width of the surface crack, so that the contact effect with the surface crack is ensured, then the moving plate 7 is pushed to move towards the vertical plate 2, the spring 5 outside the guide rod 4 is extruded, then the vertical plate 2 and the moving plate 7 are embedded into the surface crack, then the moving plate 7 is loosened, under the reset action of the spring 5, the extrusion fixing assembly on the side wall of the moving plate 7 and the vertical plate 2 is in contact with the inner walls of the two sides of the crack, the device is fixed in the surface crack, then the sliding monitoring assembly on the side wall of the support frame 8 is adjusted, the value of the sliding monitoring assembly is reset, finally the fixed plate 9 is fixed on the upper end of the support frame 8 through the bolt, the radar module 10 and the optical fiber sensor 11 are connected, then according to the monitoring requirement, a plurality of surface deformation monitors are installed at the specified positions of the mine surface, the optical fiber sensors 11 are sequentially connected with the cloud, the radar modules 10 cooperate with the high-altitude scanner to collect the position and height information of the radar modules 10 on the ground through the high-altitude scanner, when the surface is deformed, the width of the crack on the surface changes, the distance between the moving plate 7 and the vertical plate 2 changes, and the top end of the moving plate 7 extrudes one side of the sliding monitoring assembly, the value of the pressure sensor 17 in the sliding monitoring assembly is adjusted, the control unit drives the high-altitude scanner to recheck, the cloud compares the historical data, the display unit in the man-machine interaction module cooperates with the signal sending module 32 to send the abnormal information to the on-site personnel, the construction safety and the monitoring accuracy are ensured, when a large range of deformation occurs, the position and height of the radar module 10 and the optical fiber sensor 11 on the upper end of the fixed plate 9 change with the deformation, the position and height information of the radar module 10 is detected through the high-altitude scanner to generate a three-dimensional model of the surface, the deformation is calculated by comparing the models at different times, the position change of the optical fiber sensor 11 is perceived along the line strain and temperature change through the change of the optical signal, and the deformation position can be located.
[0026] In the implementation process, the sliding monitoring assembly comprises a mounting screw 12, a positioning groove 13, two mounting sleeves 14, four positioning nuts 15, two mounting rods 16, two pressure sensors 17, a mounting block 18 and two monitoring rods 19. The mounting screw 12 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the support frame 8 at one end, the positioning groove 13 is arranged on the upper wall of the mounting screw 12, the mounting screw 12 is movably penetrated through the top end of the moving plate 7, the two mounting sleeves 14 are movably sleeved on the mounting screw 12 and are respectively located on the two sides of the moving plate 7, the four positioning nuts 15 are movably sleeved on the mounting screw 12 and are respectively located on the two sides of the two mounting sleeves 14, the two mounting rods 16 are respectively mounted on the upper ends of the two mounting sleeves 14, the two pressure sensors 17 are respectively mounted on the side walls of the two mounting rods 16, the mounting block 18 is fixedly mounted on the center of the upper end of the moving plate 7, and the two monitoring rods 19 are respectively mounted on the two sides of the mounting block 18 and are respectively in contact with the two pressure sensors 17.
[0027] When the width of the ground crack is monitored, the two mounting sleeves 14 are adjusted to the specified positions on the upper end of the mounting screw 12 according to the width of the crack by the staff, the mounting sleeves 14 are rotationally positioned through the positioning groove 13, the vertical effect of the pressure sensor 17 is ensured, then the four positioning nuts 15 are screwed, the two mounting sleeves 14 are fixed at the specified positions of the mounting screw 12, the positions of the two mounting rods 16 and the pressure sensor 17 are fixed, and the two pressure sensors 17 are respectively in contact with the monitoring rods 19 on the two sides of the mounting block 18, when the width of the crack changes, the moving plate 7 moves with the mounting block 18 and the two monitoring rods 19, one of the monitoring rods 19 extrudes one of the pressure sensors 17, so that the value of the pressure sensor 17 changes, and the deformation of the crack can be known.
[0028] In the implementation process, the rotating monitoring structure comprises a mounting frame 20, a protective disc 21, two extension protective plates 22, two camera modules 23, a fixing seat 24 and a high-altitude warning lamp 25. The mounting frame 20 is fixedly mounted on the top end of the foundation support structure, the protective disc 21 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the mounting frame 20, the two extension protective plates 22 are respectively mounted on the two sides of the protective disc 21, the two camera modules 23 are respectively mounted on the lower end of the two sides of the mounting frame 20, the fixing seat 24 is fixedly mounted on the center of the upper end of the protective disc 21, the inner thread is processed on the center of the upper wall of the fixing seat 24, and the high-altitude warning lamp 25 is movably embedded in the fixing seat 24 through the outer thread at the bottom end.
[0029] When installing the high-altitude scanner, first install the base support structure at the highest point of the mine, then connect the mounting frame 20 to the top of the base support structure, and connect the camera module 23 to the control system, then periodically rotate the mounting frame 20 through the base support structure, the two camera modules 23 on both sides of the mounting frame 20 scan the ground radar module 10, and cooperate with the cloud and control unit to scan the ground radar module 10 position and height information, while generating a three-dimensional model of the ground surface, and calculating deformation by comparing models at different times, through the setting of the protective disc 21 and the two extension protective plates 22, the use stability of the two camera modules 23 can be ensured, and the top of the camera module 23 is protected, through the setting of the fixing seat 24 and the high-altitude warning light 25, when the ground deformation amplitude exceeds the installation value, the high-altitude warning light 25 flashes, prompting mine personnel to evacuate.
[0030] In the specific implementation process, the extrusion fixing assembly includes four side plates 26, four threaded sleeves 27 and four extension screws 28; The four side plates 26 are respectively installed at the center of the side wall of the vertical plate 2 and the moving plate 7, the four threaded sleeves 27 are respectively fixedly embedded at the center of the four side plates 26, and the four extension screws 28 are respectively movably embedded in the four threaded sleeves 27.
[0031] When facing different width cracks, the extension screw 28 in the threaded sleeve 27 is twisted to change the extension length of the extension screw 28, and when installed in the crack, the ground deformation monitor is embedded and fixed by the end of the extension screw 28 in contact with the inner wall of the crack.
[0032] In the specific implementation process, the base support structure includes: a base 29 and a vertical rod 30, the bottom end of the vertical rod 30 is installed on the upper end of the base 29 through a flange, and the top end of the vertical rod 30 is provided with an operation box 31, a signal sending module 32 is installed at the lower end inside the operation box 31, a reciprocating motor 33 is installed at the upper end inside the operation box 31, a rotating rod 34 is installed on the output end of the reciprocating motor 33, the rotating rod 34 penetrates through the upper wall of the operation box 31 through a bearing at the top end, and the top end of the rotating rod 34 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the mounting frame 20.
[0033] When installing, the base 29 is constructed on the top of the mine by pouring, then the vertical rod 30 is supported and fixed by cooperating with the flange and the bolt, then the signal sending module 32 is installed in the operation box 31, then the reciprocating motor 33 is installed and connected with the rotating monitoring structure through the rotating rod 34, and the rotating monitoring structure can be driven to rotate reciprocatingly by the reciprocating motor 33 to scan the distributed radar module 10 of the mine.
[0034] In the specific implementation process, two extension protection plates 22 are respectively located above two camera modules 23.
[0035] The method for continuously monitoring and early warning of three-dimensional deformation of a mine surface includes the following steps. Step S1: install the core support and the vertical rod monitoring structure, and drive the motor-driven rotating structure to reciprocate, and scan the ground radar module. Step S2: connect the mounting frame to the top end of the base support structure, install two camera modules on both sides of the mounting frame, and connect the control system. Step S3: rotate the mounting frame of the support structure, and the camera module scans the position and height of the ground radar module to generate a three-dimensional model of the surface; the high-altitude warning light issues an alarm when deformed. Step S4: according to the crack width, adjust the positions of the two mounting sleeves on the mounting screw, tighten the positioning nut to fix, and fix the two pressure sensors to contact the monitoring rods on both sides of the mounting block. Step S5: adjust the sliding monitoring assembly of the side wall of the support frame to zero. Step S6: connect the radar module and the optical fiber sensor. Step S7: install multiple surface deformation monitors at designated positions, and connect the optical fiber sensors of all the monitors to the cloud. Step S8: the high-altitude scanner continuously scans the position and height of the ground radar module to generate a three-dimensional model of the surface, and the cloud regularly compares models at different periods to calculate the deformation amount. Step S9: when a change is detected, the control unit drives the high-altitude scanner to recheck, the cloud compares historical data to confirm the anomaly, the man-machine interaction module displays the anomaly, the signal sending module sends an alarm, and the optical fiber sensor senses the strain and temperature through optical signal changes to locate the deformation position.
[0036] The above technical solution only embodies the preferred technical solution of the technical solution of the present application, and some changes made by the person skilled in the art to some parts thereof all embody the principle of the present application and are within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A device for continuous monitoring and early warning of three-dimensional deformation of mine surface, comprising a cloud, a control unit and a human-computer interaction module, characterized in that, Also include high-altitude scanner and surface deformation monitor; The high-altitude scanner is used for collecting surface horizontal and vertical displacement information; The surface deformation monitor is used for collecting surface crack pressure change information and displacement rate information; The cloud is used for storing surface horizontal, vertical displacement information, pressure change information and displacement rate information, while receiving data to start historical information comparison; The control unit is used to call visual system data, find corresponding area displacement information, and start high-altitude scanner and sliding monitoring component for retest; The touch screen in the human-computer interaction module pops up the three-dimensional model of the warning area; The high-altitude scanner comprises a basic support structure and a rotating monitoring structure, and is remotely connected with a surface deformation monitor; The surface deformation monitor comprises a mounting plate (1), a vertical plate (2), an auxiliary plate (3), two guide rods (4), two springs (5), an operation hole (6), a moving plate (7), a squeezing fixing assembly, a support frame (8), a sliding monitoring assembly, a fixed plate (9), a radar module (10) and an optical fiber sensor (11); The vertical plate (2) is fixedly installed on one side of the lower end of the mounting plate (1), the auxiliary plate (3) is fixedly installed on the other side of the lower end of the mounting plate (1), the two guide rods (4) are connected with the side walls of the vertical plate (2) and the auxiliary plate (3) at both ends respectively, the two springs (5) are movably sleeved on the upper ends of the two guide rods (4) respectively, the operation hole (6) is formed on one side of the upper end of the mounting plate (1), the moving plate (7) is movably sleeved on the upper ends of the two guide rods (4) and movably penetrates through the operation hole (6), the squeezing fixing assembly is installed on the side walls of the vertical plate (2) and the moving plate (7), the support frame (8) is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end of the mounting plate (1), the sliding monitoring assembly is installed on the side wall of the support frame (8) and connected with the top end of the moving plate (7), the fixed plate (9) is installed on the upper end of the support frame (8), and the radar module (10) and the optical fiber sensor (11) are located on both sides of the upper end of the fixed plate (9) respectively.
2. The device for continuous monitoring and early warning of three-dimensional deformation of mine surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding monitoring assembly comprises a mounting screw (12), a positioning groove (13), two mounting sleeves (14), four positioning nuts (15), two mounting rods (16), two pressure sensors (17), a mounting block (18) and two monitoring rods (19); The sliding monitoring assembly comprises a mounting screw (12), a positioning groove (13), two mounting sleeves (14), four positioning nuts (15), two mounting rods (16), two pressure sensors (17), a mounting block (18) and two monitoring rods (19); The mounting screw (12) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the support frame (8), the positioning groove (13) is arranged on the upper wall of the mounting screw (12), the mounting screw (12) is movably penetrated into the top end of the moving plate (7), two mounting sleeves (14) are movably sleeved on the mounting screw (12) and are located on the two sides of the moving plate (7), four positioning nuts (15) are movably sleeved on the mounting screw (12) and are located on the two sides of the two mounting sleeves (14), two mounting rods (16) are installed on the upper ends of the two mounting sleeves (14), two pressure sensors (17) are installed on the side walls of the two mounting rods (16), a mounting block (18) is fixedly installed on the upper end center of the moving plate (7), two monitoring rods (19) are installed on the two sides of the mounting block (18) and are in contact with the two pressure sensors (17) respectively.
3. The device for continuous monitoring and early warning of three-dimensional deformation of mine surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating monitoring structure comprises a mounting frame (20), a protective disc (21), two extension protective plates (22), two camera modules (23), a fixing seat (24) and a high-altitude warning lamp (25). The mounting frame (20) is fixedly installed on the top end of the base support structure, the protective disc (21) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the mounting frame (20), two extension protective plates (22) are installed on the two sides of the protective disc (21), two camera modules (23) are installed on the lower end of the two sides of the mounting frame (20), the fixing seat (24) is fixedly installed on the upper end center of the protective disc (21), the inner thread is processed on the upper wall center of the fixing seat (24), and the high-altitude warning lamp (25) is movably embedded in the fixing seat (24) through the outer thread at the bottom end.
4. The device for continuous monitoring and early warning of three-dimensional deformation of mine surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extrusion fixing assembly comprises four side plates (26), four threaded sleeves (27) and four extension screws (28). Four side plates (26) are installed on the side wall centers of the vertical plate (2) and the moving plate (7), four threaded sleeves (27) are fixedly embedded in the centers of the four side plates (26), and four extension screws (28) are movably embedded in the four threaded sleeves (27).
5. The device for continuous monitoring and early warning of three-dimensional deformation of mine surface according to claim 3, characterized in that, The base support structure comprises a base (29) and a vertical rod (30), the bottom end of the vertical rod (30) is installed on the upper end of the base (29) through a flange plate, the top end of the vertical rod (30) is provided with an operation box (31), the inside lower end of the operation box (31) is provided with a signal sending module (32), the inside upper end of the operation box (31) is provided with a reciprocating motor (33), the output end of the reciprocating motor (33) is provided with a rotating rod (34), the top end of the rotating rod (34) is penetrated into the upper wall of the operation box (31) through a bearing, and the top end of the rotating rod (34) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the mounting frame (20).
6. The device for continuous monitoring and early warning of three-dimensional deformation of mine surface according to claim 3, characterized in that, The two extension protective plates (22) are located above the two camera modules (23).
7. The method for continuous monitoring and early warning of three-dimensional deformation of mine surface, applied to the device for continuous monitoring and early warning of three-dimensional deformation of mine surface according to claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step S1: Install the core support and vertical pole monitoring structure, and rotate the motor-driven rotating structure reciprocally to scan the ground radar module. Step S2: Connect the mounting bracket to the top of the base support structure, and install two camera modules on both sides of the mounting bracket, and connect the control system. Step S3: Rotate the mounting bracket of the support structure, and the camera module scans the position and height of the ground radar module to generate a three-dimensional model of the ground surface; the high-altitude warning light alarms when the deformation exceeds the limit. Step S4: According to the crack width, adjust the position of the two installation sleeves on the installation screw, tighten the positioning nut to fix, and fix the two pressure sensors to make them contact the monitoring rods on both sides of the installation block. Step S5: Adjust the sliding monitoring assembly of the support frame side wall to zero. Step S6: Connect the radar module and the optical fiber sensor. Step S7: Install multiple ground surface deformation monitors at designated positions, and connect the optical fiber sensors of all monitors to the cloud. Step S8: The high-altitude scanner continuously scans the position and height of the ground radar module to generate a three-dimensional model of the ground surface, and the cloud regularly compares models of different periods to calculate the deformation. Step S9: When changes are detected, the control unit drives the high-altitude scanner to recheck, the cloud compares historical data to confirm abnormalities, the human-computer interaction module displays abnormalities, the signal sending module sends an alarm, and the optical fiber sensor senses strain and temperature through optical signal changes to locate the deformation position.