Sample preparation device and method for testing flame retardancy of automotive trim material

Abstract

The invention provides a sample preparation device and method for testing the flame retardance of an automotive interior material, belongs to the technical field of testing tools, and aims to solve the technical problem of relatively large errors caused by an interception mode in the prior art. Comprising a strip-shaped ruler plate with mutual attraction effects on the two sides in the length direction, the two end areas of the strip-shaped ruler plate are each provided with a marking structure, and the marking structures can protrude out of the lower surface of the strip-shaped ruler plate or be contained in the strip-shaped ruler plate in the thickness direction of the strip-shaped ruler plate. The method has the technical effect of more accurate interception and test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of testing tooling technology, specifically to a sample preparation device and method for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials. Background Technology

[0002] Automotive interior materials have stringent flame-retardant requirements for safety. To conduct relevant performance tests, samples of specific sizes need to be cut from interior parts. In existing technology, the cutting area is usually drawn manually on the original or replicated interior part using a ruler based on the sample preparation dimensions, and then the cutting operation is performed according to the drawn area to obtain the sample required for testing.

[0003] However, this traditional cutting method has significant drawbacks. Manual drawing is susceptible to human error, leading to substantial errors in the cutting range, which are even more pronounced when cutting irregularly shaped test samples. This error directly affects the accuracy of the test results, making it difficult to meet the stringent safety protection requirements for interior materials in the rapidly developing new energy vehicle industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a sample preparation device and method for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials, which solves the technical problem of large errors caused by the interception method in existing technologies.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is a sample preparation device and method for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials.

[0006] One of the methods is a sample preparation device for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials, comprising: a strip ruler with mutual attraction on both sides along the length direction, wherein a marking structure is provided at each end of the strip ruler, and the marking structure can protrude from the lower surface of the strip ruler along the thickness direction or be contained within the strip ruler.

[0007] Optionally, at least two of the strip rulers are connected as one unit by the attraction of adjacent sides, and the connection interface can be separated and slid outwards along the length direction of the strip ruler.

[0008] Optionally, one side of the strip ruler is magnetic, and the other side is provided with a metal that can be attracted by the magnetism; or, both sides of the strip ruler are magnetic, with opposite polarities.

[0009] Optionally, the strip ruler is provided with a magnet, and the magnetic poles on both sides of the strip ruler are opposite along the width direction. Metal sheets that can be magnetized by the magnet are provided on both sides of the magnet along the length direction of the strip ruler. The metal sheets are connected to the strip ruler as a whole, and the metal sheets are either a single piece or an array of small pieces of the same size.

[0010] Optionally, the marking structure includes: a mounting groove in the thickness direction of the strip ruler; a push pin located in the mounting groove, the push pin having a pointed tip on the side facing the bottom surface of the strip ruler, the pointed tip having two states: retracted into the mounting groove and protruding from the bottom surface of the strip ruler.

[0011] Optionally, the push button is slidably disposed in the mounting groove, and an elastic element is provided between the mounting groove and the push button to allow the tip to be retracted into the mounting groove. The marking structure is provided with a limiting structure to prevent the push button from coming out of the mounting groove.

[0012] Optionally, the limiting structure includes an annular protrusion located at the outer end of the mounting groove and an annular recess located at the outer end of the push pin.

[0013] Optionally, the mounting groove is provided with a conical guide body, the guide body has a guide groove in the middle, and the bottom of the guide groove has a through-point hole; the push pin includes a cylindrical body and an annular plate connected to the tail, the tip is provided on the cylindrical body, the cylindrical body slides with the guide groove, the annular plate slides with the guide groove, and the elastic element is provided on the inner periphery and / or outer periphery of the guide body.

[0014] Optionally, the thickness of the annular sheet increases with the diameter starting from the connection point with the cylindrical body, the limiting structure is located at the outermost diameter of the annular sheet, and the connection point between the annular sheet and the cylindrical body is deformable.

[0015] One method for preparing samples for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials, using the flame retardancy testing sample preparation device for automotive interior materials as described above, includes the following steps: Obtain the interior parts to be tested; According to the sampling area requirements, multiple strip rulers are spliced ​​together. According to the sampling shape requirements, the misalignment between two adjacent strip rulers is adjusted so that each strip ruler is in the target sampling shape. Pressing the marking structure on each strip ruler leaves a mark on the interior part to be tested; Connect the marks with straight lines to form a closed area and cut out the sample part.

[0016] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: The sample preparation device and method for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials proposed in this invention have many outstanding advantages. Multiple strip rulers in the device can be spliced ​​together, adapting to changing shapes and flexibly adjusting the misalignment according to sampling requirements, thus cutting out test samples with similar areas but different shapes to meet diverse testing needs. Simultaneously, the ruler itself can be stored like a book, facilitating storage and portability. Furthermore, the strip ruler can adhere to a metal tabletop, holding the material down during cutting to prevent movement and ensure operational stability. In addition, the marking structure can extend and retract along the thickness direction, accurately forming marks on the material surface, providing clear guidance for subsequent cutting and effectively improving sample preparation efficiency and accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall device.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of a strip ruler.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the structure marked by the strip ruler.

[0021] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Overall device; 2. Strip ruler; 4. Magnet; 5. Metal sheet; 3. Marking structure; 10. Mounting groove; 7. Button; 8. Tip; 9. Elastic element; 6. Limiting structure. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0024] One of the methods is a sample preparation device for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials. Please refer to the attached document. Figure 2One possible implementation includes: a strip ruler 2 with mutually attractive sides along its length; a marking structure 3 is provided at each end (length direction) of the strip ruler 2; the marking structure 3 can protrude from the lower surface of the strip ruler 2 or be recessed within the strip ruler 2 along its thickness direction, for forming an imprint on the material being measured. In one possible implementation, see Appendix Figure 1 At least two strip rulers 2 are connected together by the attraction of adjacent sides to form a whole device 1, and the connection interface can be separated and slid outward along the length direction of the strip rulers 2.

[0025] The cross-sectional outline of the strip ruler can be designed as an isosceles trapezoid. In this case, the mutual attraction force between the two sides along the length direction is mainly located at the two ends of the lower base of the isosceles trapezoid (rather than on the legs), which is the contact area when two adjacent strip rulers are joined together, and the sides of the two adjacent strip rulers are in line contact. In some improved solutions, the sharp corners at the two ends of the lower base of the isosceles trapezoid can be appropriately treated, for example, by grinding or rounding the two long side sharp corners to make them into a smaller plane or a smooth transition surface.

[0026] In the above embodiments, an innovative design of a sample preparation device for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials effectively solves the problem of large errors in the cutting methods of existing technologies. The device includes strip-shaped rulers with mutual attraction on both sides along the length direction. These rulers can be connected into a single unit through the attraction of adjacent sides, forming a flexible and variable device in terms of area (number of rulers) and shape (error sliding of adjacent rulers). Marking structures at both ends of the strip-shaped rulers can protrude or retract along the thickness direction, facilitating precise marking of the cutting range on the material surface. Specifically, the cross-sectional outline of the strip-shaped rulers is designed as an isosceles trapezoid, and the sharp corners at both ends of the lower base are optimized, such as by using a rounded corner design on the long sides. This not only enhances the attraction stability when the rulers are joined, making the device more flexible when cutting irregularly shaped samples, but also improves hand comfort when handling the rulers. This design allows the device to adaptively change shape, cutting test samples with similar areas but different shapes (the number of rulers remains constant while only the shape is adjusted), greatly improving the accuracy and efficiency of sample preparation. Meanwhile, the ruler can be stored like a bamboo slip, making it easy to carry and store, providing a convenient and efficient solution for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the strip ruler 2 has a magnetic side and a metal that can be attracted by the magnet on the other side, such as iron; or, both sides of the strip ruler 2 have magnetism with opposite polarities, that is, a strip magnet is embedded inside.

[0028] As an alternative to the above solution, in one possible implementation, see Appendix Figure 2The strip ruler 2 contains a magnet 4 with opposite magnetic poles on both sides along its width, one side being the S pole and the other the N pole. Metal sheets 5, which can be magnetized by the magnet 4, are arranged on both sides of the magnet 4 along its length. The metal sheets 5 are integrated with the strip ruler 2 and the magnet 4, thus becoming magnetized and possessing their own magnetism, attracting each other. The metal sheets 5 can be a single piece or an array of small, equal-sized pieces. When using an array of small pieces, the width of each piece (along the length of the ruler) can be set to a standard size, such as 1 cm. This allows for a clear visual indication of the number of sliding divisions, i.e., the sliding distance, during the sliding process.

[0029] In the above embodiments, the design of the strip ruler 2 demonstrates a high degree of flexibility and precision. This design not only enhances the adsorption force between the rulers but also allows for precise control of the sliding grid number of the small array when adjusting the ruler position and cutting irregularly shaped samples. This greatly improves the accuracy of sample preparation and ease of operation, providing an efficient and precise tool for testing the flame retardancy of interior materials for new energy vehicles.

[0030] In one possible implementation, see Appendix Figure 3 The marking structure 3 includes: a mounting groove 10 located in the thickness direction of the strip ruler 2; and a push-button 7 located within the mounting groove 10. The push-button 7 has a pointed tip 8 on the side facing the bottom surface of the strip ruler 2, and the pointed tip 8 has two states: it is retracted into the mounting groove 10, and it protrudes from the bottom surface of the strip ruler 2. The push-button 7 is slidably disposed within the mounting groove 10. An elastic member 9 is provided between the mounting groove 10 and the push-button 7 to allow the pointed tip 8 to be retracted within the mounting groove 10. The marking structure 3 has a limiting structure 6 to prevent the push-button 7 from dislodging from the mounting groove 10. The limiting structure 6 includes an annular protrusion located at the outer end of the mounting groove 10 and an annular recess located at the outer end of the push-button 7.

[0031] In the initial state, the elastic element 9 lifts the push-button 7, allowing its tip to be housed in the mounting groove 10, thus keeping the bottom surface of the strip ruler 2 flat. At the same time, the limiting structure 6 provides reverse support to prevent the push-button 7 from coming out of the mounting groove 10. When marking is required, the push-button 7 is pressed from the back of the ruler, and the tip 8 of the push-button 7 penetrates the interior trim and forms a mark.

[0032] In the above embodiments, the marking structure 3 is ingeniously and practically designed, greatly facilitating sample preparation for flame retardancy testing of automotive interior materials. This structure features an installation groove 10 along the thickness of the strip ruler 2, into which the pushpin 7 is slidably installed. An elastic element 9 ensures that the tip 8 of the pushpin 7 is initially contained within the installation groove 10, maintaining the flatness of the bottom surface of the strip ruler 2 and preventing accidental damage to the material. Simultaneously, the limiting structure 6, including an annular protrusion at the outer end of the installation groove 10 and an annular recess at the outer end of the pushpin 7, engages and locks together, effectively preventing the pushpin 7 from detaching from the installation groove 10 and ensuring structural stability. When marking is required, simply press the pushpin 7 from the back of the ruler; its tip 8 will pierce the interior material and form a clear mark, making the operation simple and quick. This design not only improves the accuracy and efficiency of marking but also protects the interior material from damage, providing a precise and reliable sample preparation basis for subsequent flame retardancy testing and significantly enhancing the accuracy and reliability of the overall testing process.

[0033] In one possible implementation, see Appendix Figure 3 The mounting groove 10 contains a conical guide body with a guide groove in the middle and a through-hole at the bottom. The push-button 7 includes a cylindrical body and an annular plate connected to the tail. The tip 8 is located on the cylindrical body, which slides in conjunction with the guide groove. The annular plate also slides in conjunction with the guide groove. An elastic element 9 is located on the inner and / or outer periphery of the guide body. The elastic element on the outer periphery of the guide body can be a tower spring, i.e., a frustum-shaped spring. The thickness of the annular plate increases with the diameter starting from the connection point with the cylindrical body. The limiting structure 6 is located at the outermost diameter of the annular plate, and the connection point between the annular plate and the cylindrical body is deformable.

[0034] In the above embodiments, the design of the mounting groove 10 further optimizes the functionality and operability of the marking structure 3. The conical guide body added inside the groove, in conjunction with the middle guide groove and the bottom tip hole 8, ensures the precise sliding and positioning of the pushpin 7. The cylindrical body of the pushpin 7 fits tightly with the guide groove, and the design of the annular plate enhances the stability and ease of operation of the pushpin 7. The elastic element 9 is cleverly set inside or around the guide body, especially the tower spring selected for the outer periphery of the guide body, which provides a durable and stable elastic force, ensuring the reliable storage of the pushpin 7 in the non-working state. The special design of the annular plate, combined with the shape of the tower spring, allows its outer periphery to flip downward and inward when pressed by external force, reducing the cross-section, thereby facilitating the removal of the pushpin 7 from the mounting groove 10 and greatly improving the ease of use. This design not only ensures accurate marking but also makes the entire sample preparation process smoother and more efficient, providing a more reliable and easy-to-use tool for the flame retardancy testing of interior materials for new energy vehicles.

[0035] One possible implementation of a method for preparing samples for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials is as follows: Using the aforementioned sample preparation device for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials, the method includes the following steps: Obtain the interior parts to be tested; According to the sampling area requirements, multiple strip rulers 2 are spliced ​​together into one piece. According to the sampling shape requirements, the misalignment between two adjacent strip rulers 2 is adjusted so that each strip ruler 2 presents the target sampling shape. Press the marking structure 3 of each strip ruler 2 to leave a mark on the interior parts to be tested; Connect the marks with straight lines to form a closed area and cut out the sample part.

[0036] In the above embodiments, after acquiring the interior parts to be tested, an innovative sample preparation process achieves efficient and precise sample preparation. First, multiple strip rulers 2 are flexibly selected and spliced ​​into a single device according to the required sampling area, a design that greatly enhances the adaptability of the sample preparation tool. Then, based on the specific requirements of the sampling shape, the misalignment between adjacent strip rulers 2 is finely adjusted to ensure the entire assembly precisely presents the target sampling shape, guaranteeing the geometric accuracy of the sample. Next, by pressing the marking structures 3 integrated on each strip ruler 2, clear sampling boundary marks are left on the surface of the interior parts to be tested; this process is simple, quick, and accurate. Finally, straight lines are used to connect the marked points into a closed area, and sample parts conforming to the testing standards are obtained by cutting accordingly. This process not only simplifies the complex steps of traditional sample preparation methods and significantly improves sample preparation efficiency, but also effectively ensures the accuracy and reliability of test results by precisely controlling the shape and size, providing solid technical support for the flame retardant performance evaluation of interior materials for new energy vehicles.

[0037] In the above embodiments, when obtaining the interior parts to be tested, the test samples are directly cut from the original interior parts of the new energy vehicle to be tested, avoiding the hollow parts of the parts to reduce the negative impact on the combustion test. When the original interior parts of the new energy vehicle to be tested are composed of multiple materials, they are disassembled into single materials or laminated composite materials, or interior part samples are made separately according to the requirements of single materials or laminated composite materials. Before the combustion test, the test samples are placed at a temperature of 21℃-25℃ and a relative humidity of 45%-55% for more than 24 hours.

[0038] Flame retardancy testing environment conditions: The test environment must meet the following requirements: temperature > 0℃, relative humidity 10%-90%, atmospheric pressure 86kPa-106kPa, and wind speed ≤ 2.5km / h; during the combustion test, horizontal combustion shall be tested according to GB8410; vertical combustion shall be tested according to GB / T32086; heat release rate shall be tested according to GB8410; oxygen index of textile materials shall be tested according to GB / T5454, and oxygen index of rubber materials shall be tested according to GB / T10707. For plastic, leather, and foam materials, testing shall be conducted in accordance with GB / T2406.2-2009; smoke density rating shall be tested in accordance with GB / T8627-2007; the oxygen index test of parts may be conducted using the simplified method C in Chapter 10 of GB / T2406.2-2009; the smoke generated by directly exposing the sample to the flame shall be completely collected in the test smoke chamber, and the curve of light absorption data changing over time shall be obtained during the test. Two indicators shall be used to classify the material grade: maximum smoke density value and smoke density rating.

[0039] The evaluation primarily assesses the flame retardancy of different parts of the vehicle's interior (seats, headliner, floor mats, interior trim panels, and center console) across various evaluation dimensions. 1. Seats are further divided into headrests, seat and backrest components, upper material, and filling layer. 2. Headliner is divided into the decorative layer and the base material. 3. Floor mats are divided into the mat body and foot mats. 4. Interior trim panels are divided into door panels, side panels, and the outer shell. 5. Center console is divided into the center console body and the decorative panel. 6. Regarding the flame retardant performance of materials, the evaluation considers five dimensions: horizontal burning rate, vertical burning rate, heat release rate, oxygen index, and smoke density level.

[0040] This embodiment of a method for testing the flame retardancy of interior materials for new energy vehicles includes the following steps: Confirm the environmental conditions: the test environment meets the following requirements: temperature > 0℃, relative humidity 10%-90%, atmospheric pressure 86kPa-106kPa, and wind speed ≤ 2.5km / h; b. Prepare test samples. Test samples are taken directly from the interior parts of the new energy vehicle to be tested or made using the same raw materials and production process as the interior parts of the new energy vehicle to be tested. The samples are prepared in accordance with the test sample preparation method for flame retardancy of automotive interior materials. c. Conduct combustion tests on the test samples, including horizontal combustion tests and vertical combustion tests. The horizontal combustion test method is as follows: the sample is horizontally clamped on the support, the starting line and the ending line are marked, the flame height is adjusted to 38mm, the free end of the sample is ignited for 15 seconds, after the sample burns, the time from the flame passing through the starting line to the flame being extinguished or the time reaching the ending line is recorded, the maximum length of the combustion damage is measured, and the combustion rate is obtained: V=L / t×60 (L is the combustion length; t is the combustion time), where the starting line is 38mm from the ignition end and the ending line is 254mm from the starting line.

[0041] The vertical burning test method is as follows: Fix the sample vertically, place absorbent cotton 300mm below the sample, mark the position where the lower end of the sample contacts the flame, adjust the flame height to 20±1mm, ignite the lower end of the sample for 10 seconds, remove the flame, and observe the burning time, whether the dripping material ignites the absorbent cotton, and the burning length. If the sample is not completely extinguished, wait for it to self-extinguish, and immediately ignite it again for 10 seconds, recording the above data again to evaluate the flame retardancy rating of the material. Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sample preparation device for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials, characterized in that, include: A strip ruler (2) with mutual attraction on both sides along the length direction, and a marking structure (3) is provided at each end of the strip ruler (2). The marking structure (3) can protrude from the lower surface of the strip ruler (2) or be contained within the strip ruler (2) along the thickness direction.

2. The sample preparation device for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that: At least two of the strip rulers (2) are connected as one unit by the attraction of adjacent sides, and the connection interface can be separated and slide misaligned along the length direction of the strip ruler (2).

3. The sample preparation device for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The strip ruler (2) has a magnetic side and a metal that can be attracted by the magnetic field on the other side; Alternatively, both sides of the strip ruler (2) are magnetic, and their polarities are opposite.

4. The sample preparation device for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The strip ruler (2) is provided with a magnet (4), and the magnetic poles on both sides of the strip ruler (2) are opposite along the width direction. On both sides of the magnet (4) along the length direction of the strip ruler (2), there are metal sheets (5) that can be magnetized by the magnet (4). The metal sheets (5) are connected to the strip ruler (2) as a whole. The metal sheets (5) are either a whole piece or an array of small pieces of the same size.

5. The sample preparation device for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The marking structure (3) includes: a mounting groove (10) in the thickness direction of the strip ruler (2); a push pin (7) located in the mounting groove (10), the push pin (7) having a tip (8) on the side facing the bottom surface of the strip ruler (2), the tip (8) having two states: being housed in the mounting groove (10) and protruding from the bottom surface of the strip ruler (2).

6. The sample preparation device for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The push button (7) is slidably disposed in the mounting groove (10). An elastic element (9) is provided between the mounting groove (10) and the push button (7) to allow the tip (8) to be housed in the mounting groove (10). The marking structure (3) is provided with a limiting structure (6) to restrict the push button (7) from coming out of the mounting groove (10).

7. The sample preparation device for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting structure (6) includes an annular protrusion located at the outer end of the mounting groove (10) and an annular recess located at the outer end of the pushpin (7).

8. The sample preparation device for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting groove (10) is provided with a conical guide body, the guide body is provided with a guide groove in the middle, and the bottom of the guide groove is provided with a through tip (8) hole; the push pin (7) includes a cylindrical body and an annular plate connected to the tail, the tip (8) is provided on the cylindrical body, the cylindrical body is slidably engaged with the guide groove, the annular plate is slidably engaged with the guide groove, and the elastic element (9) is provided on the inner periphery and / or outer periphery of the guide body.

9. The sample preparation device for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the annular sheet increases with the diameter starting from the connection point with the cylindrical body. The limiting structure (6) is located at the outermost diameter of the annular sheet. The connection point between the annular sheet and the cylindrical body is deformable.

10. A method for preparing samples for testing the flame retardancy of automotive interior materials, characterized in that, The method of using the flame retardancy testing sample preparation device for automotive interior materials as described in claim 2 includes the following steps: Obtain the interior parts to be tested; According to the sampling area requirements, multiple strip rulers (2) are spliced ​​together. According to the sampling shape requirements, the misalignment between two adjacent strip rulers (2) is adjusted so that each strip ruler (2) presents the target sampling shape. Press the marking structure (3) of each strip ruler (2) to leave a mark on the interior part to be tested; Connect the marks with straight lines to form a closed area and cut out the sample part.

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