Landslide simulation method based on electromagnetic principle

Abstract

The invention discloses a landslide simulation method based on an electromagnetic principle, and belongs to the field of landslide model tests. The method comprises the following steps: manufacturing a sliding bed and a sliding surface, placing a U-shaped slideway with a matched shape, and installing an electromagnet to form the sliding surface together with a steel reference flat plate and a sliding flat plate; electromagnetic force is adjusted through electromagnet voltage, the positive pressure and shear strength of the sliding face are changed, and sliding force is monitored in combination with a pressure sensor. According to the method, certain slope angle simulation can be realized, integral or partitioned adjustment of the shear strength of a sliding surface is supported, information such as a slope safety coefficient, critical instability shear strength and a stable key block can be obtained, the problems that the instability process is difficult to control, strength adjustment is limited and the like in a traditional test are solved, and the controllability and accuracy of landslide stability research are improved.

Description

[0001] This invention is a divisional application of "A test device and method for landslide model based on electromagnetic principle sliding surface simulation" (application number: 2022111740057; application date: 2022-09-26). Technical Field

[0002] This invention belongs to the field of landslide model testing devices, and specifically relates to a landslide model testing device and method for adjusting the shear strength parameters of the landslide sliding surface based on electromagnetic force simulating the normal pressure of the sliding surface. Background Technology

[0003] The stability of landslides has become a crucial issue in the field of geological disaster prevention and control. How and under what conditions landslides become unstable requires in-depth research, and model testing is an important method for studying landslide stability. Many researchers have conducted extensive studies on landslide model tests for stability, mainly categorizing them into two types: frame model tests and centrifuge model tests. Frame model tests are further divided into two-dimensional and three-dimensional landslide model tests. However, three-dimensional landslide model tests and centrifuge model tests have high equipment costs and testing expenses; currently, researchers primarily use small two-dimensional model frames to study landslide stability.

[0004] Landslide stability is mainly controlled by intrinsic factors such as the shear strength of the slip zone soil and extrinsic factors such as external loads, human activities, or earthquake disturbances. The initiation of landslide sliding in a landslide test model can be achieved through two approaches: one is to reduce the shear strength of the slip zone in the landslide model, and the other is to increase the external load on the landslide model. The existing technical problems are: 1. Currently, the common methods for studying landslides are to apply rainfall to weaken the shear strength of the landslide soil and rock and increase the self-weight of the landslide. For landslides involving water, the stability of the reservoir water level is often increased to study their stability. This method is effective in studying the impact of rainfall and reservoir water on landslide stability. However, when studying the instability conditions of landslides, the initiation and failure process is difficult to control artificially, and the impact on landslide stability is difficult to describe quantitatively.

[0005] 2. Some researchers have simulated applying a gravity load to a landslide model by raising the rear of the model frame to increase the downward tilt angle of the landslide body, thereby increasing the sliding force of the landslide body and determining the downward tilt angle of the landslide body when the landslide model becomes unstable. However, considering the risk of the model frame itself overturning and the limited stroke of the jacks, this angle raising is generally controlled at around 5 degrees. Studying landslide stability by raising the angle often has significant limitations.

[0006] 3. Some researchers use heat-sensitive materials to simulate weak interlayers and control the shear strength of the weak interlayers by laying electric heating tapes (pipes). However, temperature also affects the physical and mechanical properties of the surrounding medium outside the slip zone soil, making it impossible to achieve zoned control and adjustment when considering the shear strength of the slip zone soil. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a landslide simulation method based on electromagnetic principles. This method uses multiple sets of steel plates sliding on a U-shaped track equipped with small electromagnets to simulate the unstable movement of the sliding surface. By adjusting the working current of the electromagnets, the electromagnetic force between the electromagnets and the steel plates is adjusted, i.e., the magnitude of the normal force of sliding friction is adjusted, thereby adjusting the friction force of the sliding surface. This is equivalent to simulating and adjusting the change in the friction coefficient (shear strength) of the sliding surface under the condition that the thickness of the sliding body remains constant in the model test (under the condition that the normal force remains constant); it can realize the overall adjustment or zoned adjustment of the shear strength of the sliding surface of the landslide model.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A landslide simulation method based on electromagnetic principles involves using compacted clay to create a sliding bed and its sliding surface, and placing a U-shaped sliding track, made according to the shape of the sliding surface, on it and ensuring full contact. The weighing reference plate and the sliding plate are fitted with electromagnets through screw holes in the bottom plate of the slide rail. Place the reference plate, adjust the electromagnet to contact the reference plate, and fix it with the pin; install other electromagnets and sliding plates from bottom to top, ensure contact, and complete the installation of the sliding surface. Install the support structure, adjust the bolts to make the pressure sensor contact the force transmission plate and zero it; remove the pin, record the stable value, and calculate the sliding friction coefficient by combining the weight and slope angle. Insert the pin back, disassemble the support structure, and make the slide body; connect the electromagnets to an adjustable power supply in groups, and control each group independently. Reinstall the support structure and reset the sensor; turn the electromagnet power supply to the rated voltage, pull out the pin to record the value, and adjust the shear strength as a whole or in sections by adjusting the voltage to obtain key information including the slope safety factor.

[0009] Preferably, the specific steps of this method are as follows: Step 1, make the slide: compact clay to make the slide and its sliding surface; Step two: The shape of the U-shaped slide is made according to the sliding surface. The U-shaped slide is placed on the sliding surface to ensure full contact between the two. Step 3: Weigh all the reference plates and sliding plates; fix the electromagnets at the multiple screw holes on the bottom of the slide base plate; Step 4: Place the reference plate on the U-shaped slide, adjust the adjusting screw of the electromagnet to ensure that the electromagnet is in full contact with the reference plate, and install the pin to fix the reference plate. Step 5: Install the other electromagnets and sliding plates on the slide base plate from bottom to top. Adjust the adjusting screws of the electromagnets to ensure that the electromagnets are in full contact with the sliding plates. After installing multiple sliding plates, the installation of the entire sliding surface is complete. Step 6, Install the support structure: Fix the support structure to the end of the U-shaped slide by adjusting the bolts and bolt holes. Adjust the tightness of the adjusting bolts to ensure that the pressure sensor is in contact with the force transmission plate and generates a value slightly greater than zero. Then, reset the pressure sensor value to zero. Step 7: Remove the pin and record the sensor value after the pressure sensor value stabilizes. Calculate the sliding friction coefficients of the reference plate, sliding plate and U-shaped slide based on the weight of the reference plate and all sliding plates, as well as the slope angle of the slope where the reference plate and sliding plates are located. Step 8: Reinsert the pin and remove the support structure; create a sliding body on the sliding surface; Step 9: Connect the n electromagnets in parallel to the adjustable DC power supply in a group. Each electromagnet is controlled separately by its own independent adjustable power supply. The power line is led out from the top of the U-shaped slide. Step 10: Reinstall the support structure, adjust the tightness of the adjusting bolts to ensure that the pressure sensor is in contact with the force transmission plate and generates a value slightly greater than zero, and then clear the pressure sensor data to zero. Step 11: Connect all electromagnets to the power supply and adjust them to the rated voltage. Unplug the pins and record the pressure sensor values ​​after they stabilize. By adjusting the voltage of the electromagnets on different steel plates, the pressure sensor values ​​for different shear strength zones of the sliding surface can be obtained. Alternatively, the voltage of all electromagnets can be adjusted to the same value simultaneously to obtain the pressure sensor values ​​for different shear strengths of the sliding surface. This allows us to determine the safety factor of the slope at different slope angles and the critical shear strength of the sliding surface at which instability occurs. It also allows us to determine the sensitivity of the changes in shear strength of different zones of the sliding surface to landslide stability, thus identifying the key areas for controlling landslide stability.

[0010] Preferably, the U-shaped slide is provided with multiple screw holes, and an electromagnet is installed at the screw holes through an adjusting screw. The adjusting screw is used to adjust the height of the electromagnet.

[0011] Preferably, the sliding plate includes a panel, a support leg at the bottom of the panel, a horizontal guide rod on the support leg, and a roller on the horizontal guide rod.

[0012] Preferably, the structure of the reference plate includes the structure of a sliding plate, and second pin holes are provided at both ends of the panel of the reference plate, and force transmission plates are provided on the side of the panel.

[0013] Preferably, the U-shaped slide includes a slide base plate and side wings. The side wings are provided with a first pin hole, which is adapted to a second pin hole. The first pin hole and the second pin hole are connected by a pin. The lower end of the side wings is detachably provided with a support structure, and the support structure is provided with a pressure sensor. The position of the pressure sensor is adapted to the position of the force transmission plate. Preferably, the lower end of the side wing is provided with bolt holes, which are connected to the support structure by adjusting bolts; Preferably, both the reference plate and the sliding plate are made of ordinary low-carbon steel.

[0014] Preferably, the width of the panel is the same as the width of the U-shaped slide, and the height of the support leg is greater than the height of the side wing; the bottom of the support leg is curved.

[0015] Preferably, the U-shaped slide is made of stainless steel.

[0016] This patent can achieve the following beneficial effects: This invention simulates landslide sliding by sliding multiple sets of steel plates on stainless steel tracks equipped with small electromagnets. The electromagnetic force between the electromagnets and the steel plates adjusts the normal force between them, thereby changing the coefficient of friction and simulating the change in the shear strength of the sliding surface. This invention can simulate and control the slope angle from 8.53° to 67.22°, and can achieve overall or zoned adjustment of the shear strength of the landslide model's sliding surface. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation of the landslide model test of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the U-shaped slide of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the U-shaped slide rail combined with the reference plate and the sliding plate of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front view of the support structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reference flat plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sliding plate and subsequent plates of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Slide bed; 2. Slide body; 3. U-shaped slide; 4. Reference plate; 5. Sliding plate; 6. Slide bottom plate; 7. Side wing; 8. Screw hole; 9. Bolt hole; 10. First pin hole; 11. Support structure; 12. Adjusting bolt; 13. Pressure sensor; 14. Pin; 15. Second pin hole; 16. Force transmission plate; 17. Horizontal guide rod; 18. Support leg; 19. Panel; 20. Insulating paint. Detailed Implementation Example 1: Preferred solutions include Figures 1 to 6As shown, a landslide simulation method based on electromagnetic principles employs a landslide model test device, which includes a U-shaped slide track 3, a reference plate 4, and multiple sliding plates 5. The reference plate 4 and the sliding plates 5 are both steel plates. The U-shaped slide track 3 is provided with multiple screw holes 8, and electromagnets are installed at the screw holes 8 through adjusting screws. The adjusting screws are used to adjust the height of the electromagnets. The sliding plate 5 includes a panel 19, a support leg 18 at the bottom of the panel 19, a horizontal guide rod 17 on the support leg 18, and a roller on the horizontal guide rod 17. The structure of the reference plate 4 includes the structure of the sliding plate 5. In addition, the two ends of the panel 19 of the reference plate 4 are provided with second pin holes 15, and the side of the panel 19 is provided with a force transmission plate 16. The U-shaped slide 3 includes a slide base plate 6 and a side wing 7. The side wing 7 is provided with a first pin hole 10, which is adapted to a second pin hole 15. The first pin hole 10 and the second pin hole 15 are connected by a pin 14. The lower end of the side wing 7 is detachably provided with a support structure 11, and the support structure 11 is provided with a pressure sensor 13. The position of the pressure sensor 13 is adapted to the position of the force transmission plate 16. The test model consists of a slide bed 1, a slide body 2, a U-shaped slide rail 3, a reference plate 4, multiple sliding plates 5, cylindrical electromagnets, and multiple sets of 24V adjustable transformer power supplies. The slide bed 1 is formed by piling up clay or pouring concrete, and the slide body 2 is formed by layering model materials. The test simulation technology of these two parts is not included in this invention. The U-shaped slide rail 3 can be made into a zigzag shape or rolled into an arc shape according to the shape requirements of the sliding surface of the model test. It consists of a smooth stainless steel slide rail base plate 6, side wings 7 perpendicular to the base plate on both sides, and a support structure 11. The lower end of the side wings has two bolt holes 9 for fixing the support structure 11 and two first pin holes 10 for fixing the reference plate 4. The lower end of the side wings 7 is provided with bolt holes 9, which are connected to the support structure 11 by adjusting bolts 12.

[0019] The width of panel 19 is the same as the width of U-shaped slide 3, and its thickness is 8mm. The height of support leg 18 is greater than the height of side wing 7; the bottom of support leg 18 is arc-shaped. Horizontal guide rod 17 is connected to four stainless steel rollers. There are four support legs 18. The front and rear sides of panel 19 are coated with insulating paint 20. The height of the arc-shaped steel support leg 18 is slightly greater than the height of U-shaped slide 3. In this invention, U-shaped slide 3 is made of stainless steel, while reference plate 4 and sliding plate 5 are both made of ordinary low-carbon steel.

[0020] The cylindrical electromagnet can be a small DC electric chuck electromagnet (such as Xingda XDA series electromagnet, the specific model can be selected according to the specific situation of the model test), and is connected to the slide base plate (6) by adjustable bolts. The cylindrical electromagnet is powered by a 24V adjustable transformer power supply.

[0021] This method includes the following steps: Step 1, make slide 1: compact clay to make slide 1 and its sliding surface; The specific operation is as follows: Based on the scale and sliding surface shape of the prototype landslide being tested, determine the size of the model, and use wooden templates to make a detachable cuboid model support. Inside the model support, compact clay to make the slide bed 1 and the sliding surface. Lay a plastic film between the model material and the model frame. After the slide bed is made, remove the model support.

[0022] Step 2: The shape of the U-shaped slide 3 is made according to the sliding surface. The U-shaped slide 3 is placed on the sliding surface to ensure full contact between the two. Step 3: Weigh all the reference plates 4 and sliding plates 5; fix the electromagnets at the multiple screw holes 8 at the bottom of the slide base plate 6; Step 4: Place the reference plate 4 on the U-shaped slide 3, and ensure that the electromagnet is in full contact with the reference plate 4 by adjusting the adjusting screw of the electromagnet. Install the pin 14 to fix the reference plate 4. Step 5: Install other electromagnets and sliding plates 5 on the slide base plate 6 from bottom to top. Adjust the adjusting screws of the electromagnets to ensure that the electromagnets are in full contact with the sliding plates 5. After installing multiple sliding plates 5, the installation of the entire sliding surface is completed. Step 6, Install the support structure 11: Fix the support structure 11 to the end of the U-shaped slide rail 3 by adjusting the bolt 12 and bolt hole 9. Adjust the tightness of the adjusting bolt 12 to ensure that the pressure sensor 13 is in contact with the force transmission plate 16 and generates a value slightly greater than zero. Then, clear the pressure sensor value to zero. Step 7: Remove pin 14 and record the sensor value after the pressure sensor value stabilizes. The sliding force is calculated based on the weight of the reference plate 4 and all sliding plates 5, as well as the slope angle of the slope where the reference plate 4 and sliding plates 5 are located. The sliding friction coefficients of the reference plate 4, sliding plates 5 and U-shaped slide 3 are obtained. For example: A single steel plate is 40cm long, 20cm wide, and 0.8cm thick. The horizontal guide rods 17 with stainless steel wheels on the left and right sides and the side wings 7 only serve a positioning function. Because the horizontal lateral pressure is very small and it is rolling friction, its friction force can be ignored. The landslide model 2 covering its position has a height of 50cm and a model density of 2.0×103kg / m3. The model tilt angle here is 30°. The sliding friction coefficient between the arc-shaped steel support leg 18, the U-shaped stainless steel slide base plate 6, and the electromagnet surface is 0.15. The sliding plate weighs 60kg. Six XDA-80 / 80 electromagnets (maximum suction force of 300kg at 24V) are installed under each plate. The main parameters and results of the sliding surface are shown in the table below: Table 1 Relationship between slope and coefficient of kinetic friction

[0023] Step 8: Reinsert the pin 14 and remove the support structure 11; make the slide body 2 on the sliding surface; The specific method is as follows: The supporting structure 11 is dismantled, and the wooden template frame is reinstalled on both sides of the slide bed 1. A slide body is then formed using a model similar to the slide body, employing a layered compaction method. A plastic film is laid between the slide body model material and the model frame. After the model slide body is completed, the wooden template and plastic film are removed, forming an unconfined landslide test model. The slide body 2 is fixed on the sliding surface composed of the reference plate 4 and the sliding plate 5.

[0024] Step 9: Connect the n electromagnets in parallel to the adjustable DC power supply in a group. Each electromagnet is controlled separately by its own independent adjustable power supply. The power line is led out from the upper end of the U-shaped slide 3. In this embodiment, n=6, and six electromagnets form a group. Each reference plate 4 or sliding plate 5 has a group of electromagnets at its bottom.

[0025] Step 10: Reinstall the support structure 11, and adjust the tightness of the adjusting bolt 12 to ensure that the pressure sensor 13 is in contact with the force transmission plate 16 and generates a value slightly greater than zero, and then clear the pressure sensor data to zero. Step 11: Connect all electromagnets to the power supply and adjust them to the rated voltage (24V). Pull out pin 14. After the pressure sensor value stabilizes, record the pressure sensor value (sliding force). By adjusting the voltage of the electromagnets on different steel plates, the pressure sensor value (sliding force) of the sliding surface shear strength can be obtained by adjusting the shear strength of the sliding surface in different zones. Alternatively, the voltage of all electromagnets can be adjusted to the same value simultaneously to obtain the pressure sensor value (sliding force) of the sliding surface under different shear strengths. This allows us to know the safety factor of the slope at different slope angles and the magnitude of the critical instability sliding surface shear strength. It also allows us to know the sensitivity of the change in the magnitude of the shear strength of different zones of the sliding surface to landslide stability, and to obtain the key blocks for controlling landslide stability.

[0026] In summary, this invention can simulate the normal pressure of the sliding surface using electromagnetic force based on electromagnetic principles indoors, thereby simulating and adjusting the changes in the magnitude of the friction force of the sliding surface. This allows for overall and zoned adjustment and control of the shear strength of the sliding surface in landslide model tests. Furthermore, by measuring the magnitude of the sliding force of the landslide model under different voltages (electromagnetic force, normal pressure, and friction coefficient), the safety factor and critical instability initiation conditions of the landslide at different slope angles can be determined. The sensitivity of the changes in the shear strength of different zones of the sliding surface to landslide stability can also be determined, thus identifying the key blocks for controlling landslide stability.

[0027] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A landslide simulation method based on electromagnetic principles, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: The slide and its sliding surface are made by compacting clay. A U-shaped slide rail, made according to the shape of the sliding surface, is placed on it and made into full contact. The reference plate and the sliding plate are weighed, and the electromagnet is fixed in the screw holes of the slide rail base plate. The reference plate is placed, and the electromagnet is adjusted to contact the reference plate and fixed with a pin. Other electromagnets and sliding plates are installed from bottom to top to ensure contact and complete the installation of the sliding surface. The support structure is installed, and the bolts are adjusted to make the pressure sensor contact the force transmission plate and zeroed. The pin is removed, the stable value is recorded, and the sliding friction coefficient is calculated by combining the weight and the slope angle. The pin is inserted back, the support structure is removed, and the slide body is made. Electromagnets are grouped and connected to an adjustable power supply, with each group controlled independently; the support structure is reinstalled and the sensors are zeroed; the electromagnet power supply is turned on to the rated voltage, the pin is pulled out and the value is recorded, and the overall or zoned shear strength can be adjusted by adjusting the voltage to obtain key information including the slope safety factor.

2. The landslide simulation method based on electromagnetic principles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of this method are as follows: Step 1, make the slide (1): compact clay to make the slide (1) and its sliding surface; Step 2: The shape of the U-shaped slide (3) is made according to the sliding surface. The U-shaped slide (3) is placed on the sliding surface to ensure full contact between the two. Step 3: Weigh all the reference plates (4) and sliding plates (5); fix the electromagnets at the multiple screw holes (8) at the bottom of the slide base plate (6); Step 4: Place the reference plate (4) on the U-shaped slide (3), and ensure that the electromagnet is in full contact with the reference plate (4) by adjusting the adjusting screw of the electromagnet. Install the pin (14) to fix the reference plate (4). Step 5: Install other electromagnets and sliding plates (5) on the slide base plate (6) from bottom to top. Adjust the adjusting screws of the electromagnets to ensure that the electromagnets are in full contact with the sliding plates (5). After installing multiple sliding plates (5), the installation of the entire sliding surface is completed. Step 6, install the support structure (11): fix the support structure (11) to the end of the U-shaped slide (3) by adjusting the bolt (12) and the bolt hole (9). By adjusting the tightness of the adjusting bolt (12), ensure that the pressure sensor (13) is in contact with the force transmission plate (16) and generates a value slightly greater than zero, and clear the pressure sensor value to zero. Step 7: Remove the pin (14), and record the sensor value after the pressure sensor value stabilizes. Calculate the sliding friction coefficients of the reference plate (4), sliding plate (5), and U-shaped slide (3) based on the weight of the reference plate (4) and all sliding plates (5), as well as the slope angle of the slope where the reference plate (4) and sliding plate (5) are located. Step 8: Reinsert the pin (14) and remove the support structure (11); make a sliding body (1) on the sliding surface. Step 9: Connect the n electromagnets in parallel to the adjustable DC power supply in a group. Each electromagnet is controlled separately by its own independent adjustable power supply. The power supply line is led out from the upper end of the U-shaped slide (3). Step 10: Reinstall the support structure (11), adjust the tightness of the adjusting bolt (12) to ensure that the pressure sensor (13) is in contact with the force transmission plate (16) and generates a value slightly greater than zero, and clear the pressure sensor data to zero. Step 11: Connect all electromagnets to the power supply and adjust them to the rated voltage. Pull out the plug (14). After the pressure sensor value stabilizes, record the pressure sensor value. By adjusting the voltage of the electromagnets of different steel plates, the pressure sensor value of the sliding surface shear strength zone can be obtained. Alternatively, the voltage of all electromagnets can be adjusted to the same value simultaneously to obtain the pressure sensor value under different shear strengths of the sliding surface. The safety factor of the slope at different slope angles and the critical instability sliding surface shear strength can be obtained. The sensitivity of the change in shear strength of different zones of the sliding surface to landslide stability can also be obtained, thus obtaining the key blocks for controlling landslide stability.

3. The landslide simulation method based on electromagnetic principles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The U-shaped slide (3) is provided with multiple screw holes (8). An electromagnet is installed at the screw hole (8) by adjusting screws. The adjusting screws are used to adjust the height of the electromagnet.

4. The landslide simulation method based on electromagnetic principles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding plate (5) includes a panel (19), a support leg (18) at the bottom of the panel (19), a horizontal guide rod (17) on the support leg (18), and a roller on the horizontal guide rod (17).

5. The landslide simulation method based on electromagnetic principles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The structure of the reference plate (4) includes the structure of the sliding plate (5). In addition, the two ends of the panel (19) of the reference plate (4) are provided with second pin holes (15), and the side of the panel (19) is provided with a force transmission plate (16).

6. The landslide simulation method based on electromagnetic principles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The U-shaped slide (3) includes a slide base plate (6) and a side wing (7). The side wing (7) is provided with a first pin hole (10), which is adapted to a second pin hole (15). The first pin hole (10) and the second pin hole (15) are connected by a pin (14). The lower end of the side wing (7) is provided with a detachable support structure (11), which is provided with a pressure sensor (13). The position of the pressure sensor (13) is adapted to the position of the force transmission plate (16).

7. The landslide simulation method based on electromagnetic principles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the side wing (7) is provided with bolt holes (9), which are connected to the support structure (11) by adjusting bolts (12).

8. The landslide simulation method based on electromagnetic principles according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the reference plate (4) and the sliding plate (5) are made of ordinary low-carbon steel.

9. A landslide simulation method based on electromagnetic principles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The width of the panel (19) is the same as the width of the U-shaped slide (3), and the height of the support leg (18) is greater than the height of the side wing (7); the bottom of the support leg (18) is curved.

10. A landslide simulation method based on electromagnetic principles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The U-shaped slide (3) is made of stainless steel.

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