Device and method for testing crushability of steel slag

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of steel slag crushing performance testing, in particular to a steel slag crushability testing device which comprises a shell, a knocking structure is arranged in the shell, an anvil block is arranged in the shell, and a hydraulic telescopic rod is arranged on the shell. A hydraulic telescopic rod is arranged in the shell, the extending end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is slidably connected with the top end of the shell in a penetrating mode, a hammer head is arranged at the extending end of the hydraulic telescopic rod, a screen barrel and a reaction barrel are arranged in the shell, the screen barrel is located in the reaction barrel, the hammer head is located in the reaction barrel, and hydrolysate is arranged in the shell. Therefore, the steel slag crushability test device can solve the technical problems of poor repeatability and insufficient accuracy of evaluation results caused by lack of quantitative analysis means synergistic with hydrolysis reaction in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of steel slag crushing performance testing technology, and more specifically, to a steel slag crushability testing device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Steel slag is a solid waste generated during converter steelmaking, accounting for approximately 15%-17% of crude steel production and containing about 10% metallic iron. For a long time, steel slag treatment has faced two major challenges: firstly, without resource utilization, steel slag stockpiles damage vegetation, pollute water bodies and air, causing severe environmental burdens; secondly, existing crushing processes (such as those relying on 400mm×600mm jaw crushers) lack specialized testing technologies for the crushability of steel slag, resulting in low processing efficiency and difficulty in optimizing power consumption costs, thus hindering the industrialization of large-scale steel slag recycling. Existing experimental devices can only simulate the crushing process through single methods such as hammering, lacking quantitative analysis methods that consider the synergistic effects with hydrolysis reactions, leading to poor repeatability and insufficient accuracy in evaluation results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the above problems, this application proposes a test device and method for the crushability of steel slag, which is used to solve the technical problem that the lack of quantitative analysis methods that synergize with hydrolysis reaction leads to poor repeatability and insufficient accuracy of evaluation results.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A steel slag crushability testing device includes a shell, an anvil is provided inside the shell, a hydraulic telescopic rod is provided on the shell, the extended end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is slidably connected to the top of the shell, a hammer is provided at the extended end of the hydraulic telescopic rod, a sieve barrel and a reaction barrel are provided inside the shell, the sieve barrel is located inside the reaction barrel, the hammer is located inside the reaction barrel, and a hydrolysis solution is provided inside the shell.

[0006] In one specific implementation, the hammer head is provided with a guide hole for reducing the resistance of the hammer head descending, and the screen cylinder is provided with screen holes, which are evenly distributed on the screen cylinder.

[0007] In one specific implementation, at least one of the flow guide hole and the sieve hole is provided, and the diameter of the flow guide hole is smaller than the diameter of the sieve hole.

[0008] In one specific implementation, the anvil is located in the hydrolysate, and the water level of the hydrolysate is located in the upper part of the reaction vessel.

[0009] In one specific implementation, the steel slag crushability testing device further includes auxiliary structures such as sampling molds, spraying structures, and drying structures.

[0010] In one specific implementation, the sampling structure includes a bucket and a telescopic handle, the telescopic handle being fixedly connected to the bucket.

[0011] In one specific implementation, the spraying structure includes a mixing tank, an agitator mounted on the mixing tank, and a nozzle connected to the mixing tank via a conduit. A slurry pump is provided between the nozzle and the mixing tank, and the mixing tank contains lime powder slurry for spraying the test block.

[0012] In one specific implementation scheme, the drying structure is provided with at least one drying unit, and each drying unit is provided with a 70mm*70mm furnace opening.

[0013] In one specific implementation, a steel plate is provided below the reaction tank to reduce the impact force of the hammer blows, and the steel plate is embedded in the concrete ground.

[0014] In a specific feasible implementation, S1, the bucket of the sampling mold is coated with a spraying structure, and the coated bucket is placed in a drying unit to dry it so that the bucket is in a water-free state.

[0015] S2. After sampling using the sampling mold, wait for the surface of the steel slag sample to solidify and turn dark red. The temperature of the steel slag sample should be 550°C-650°C. Demold the steel slag sample and weigh it, recording the weight to an accuracy of 0.05 kg, denoted as G. 总 ;

[0016] S3. Place the steel slag sample on the anvil and cool it by hydrolysis with hydrolysis solution for five minutes.

[0017] S4. Start the hydraulic telescopic rod to drive the hammer head to reciprocate, with a hammering speed of 2 seconds per strike, for a total of 3 strikes. The hammer strikes a single stroke to a height of 350mm, causing the steel slag sample to break into pieces along the cracks inside.

[0018] S5. Collect steel slag samples with a particle size of ≥10mm and dry them in a drying oven set at 150℃ for 1 hour.

[0019] S6. Weigh the dried sample to an accuracy of 0.05 kg and record the weight, designated as G. ≧10mm ;

[0020] S7. Calculate the crushability of steel slag samples using the formula:

[0021] P = (G 总 -G ≧10mm )÷G总 ×100

[0022] P____ Crusherability of steel slag (%)

[0023] G 总 Weight of steel slag sample (kg)

[0024] G ≧10mm ____Weight (kg) of steel slag sample ≥10mm after crushing.

[0025] The positive effects of this invention:

[0026] The synergistic effect of hydrolysis reaction and crushing process is quantified and incorporated into the testing system, which is closer to the actual industrial scenario (such as wet crushing of steel slag or crushing after hydrolysis pretreatment), and avoids the deviation between the test results under dry conditions and the actual treatment effect.

[0027] The hammerhead is equipped with guide holes (smaller in diameter than the sieve holes) to allow the hydrolysate to pass through during descent, reducing the resistance difference between the hammerhead and the liquid and avoiding impact force fluctuations caused by uneven liquid damping. This reduces the energy consumption of the hydraulic system (reducing ineffective work) and makes the crushing force more stable, facilitating the quantitative analysis of the impact of hydrolysis on crushing efficiency.

[0028] The nested design of the sieve barrel and the reaction barrel controls the particle size of the steel slag entering the crushing zone through the sieve holes (the diameter of the sieve holes is larger than that of the guide holes), ensuring the uniformity of the particle size of the test samples, reducing the fluctuation of crushing resistance caused by particle size differences, and improving the repeatability of the results.

[0029] Before sampling, the mold is sprayed with lime powder slurry and dried (step S1) to eliminate the influence of mold surface roughness on sample forming; the steel slag sample is demolded at 550℃-650℃ (step S2) to simulate the actual steelmaking working temperature and ensure that the initial state of the sample is consistent; the hammering parameters are fixed at 2 seconds / time, 3 hammerings, and 350mm single stroke (step S4) to avoid human operation differences. The formula P value directly reflects the crushing efficiency of steel slag under synergistic effect, overcoming the defect of traditional hammering test relying only on subjective judgment, and the repeatability of the results is improved by more than 30%. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling mold structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the bucket of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drying structure of the present invention;

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0037] 1. Shell; 2. Anvil; 3. Hydraulic telescopic rod; 4. Hammer; 5. Screen barrel; 6. Reaction barrel; 7. Guide hole; 8. Bucket; 9. Telescopic handle; 10. Mixing barrel; 11. Guide tube; 12. Nozzle; 13. Agitator; 14. Slurry pump; 15. Drying unit; 16. Steel plate. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a steel slag crushability testing device includes a shell 1, an anvil 2 inside the shell 1, a hydraulic telescopic rod 3 on the shell 1, the extended end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 3 being slidably connected to the top of the shell 1, a hammer 4 on the extended end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 3, and a guide hole 7 on the hammer 4 to reduce the downward resistance of the hammer 4. At least one guide hole 7 and a sieve hole are provided, and the diameter of the guide hole 7 is smaller than the diameter of the sieve hole.

[0041] The shell 1 is equipped with a sieve barrel 5 and a reaction barrel 6. The sieve barrel is provided with sieve holes, which are evenly distributed on the sieve barrel 5.

[0042] The bottom of the reaction vessel 6 is provided with a positioning auxiliary structure for the installation and positioning of the screen 5 and the anvil 2. The positioning auxiliary structure can effectively control the distance between the outermost edge of the anvil 2 and the inner wall of the screen 5, preventing larger steel slag particles from falling into the space between the anvil 2 and the screen 5 and into the space below the anvil 2.

[0043] A steel plate 16 is installed below the reaction tank 6 to reduce the impact force of the hammer, and the steel plate 16 is embedded in the concrete ground.

[0044] The sieve 5 and the hammer 4 are located inside the reaction tank 6, and the shell 1 contains a hydrolysate. The anvil 2 is located in the hydrolysate, and the hydrolysate level is in the upper part of the reaction tank 6. The anvil 2 is completely submerged in the hydrolysate, and the hammer 4 performs crushing operations inside the reaction tank 6, with the hydrolysate level controlled in the upper part of the reaction tank 6. Through the spatiotemporal coupling of physical crushing and hydrolysis reaction, a synergistic effect of "hydrolysis softening - mechanical crushing" is achieved.

[0045] The steel slag crushability testing device also includes an auxiliary structure sampling mold, a spraying structure, and a drying structure. The sampling structure includes a bucket 8 and a telescopic handle 9, with the telescopic handle 9 fixedly connected to the bucket 8. The spraying structure includes a mixing tank 10, a stirrer 13 mounted on the mixing tank 10, and a nozzle 12 connected to the mixing tank 10 via a conduit 11. A slurry pump 14 is installed between the nozzle 12 and the mixing tank 10. The mixing tank 10 contains lime powder slurry for spraying the test blocks. The drying structure has at least one drying unit 15, each with a 70mm*70mm furnace opening.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that the method is described in more detail. S1, the bucket 8 of the sampling mold is sprayed with a spraying structure, and the sprayed bucket 8 is placed in the drying unit 15 for drying so that the bucket 8 reaches a waterless state.

[0048] S2. After sampling with the sampling mold, wait for the surface of the steel slag sample to solidify and turn dark red. The temperature of the steel slag sample is 550°-650°. Demold the steel slag sample and weigh it. Record the weight to 0.05 kg, and record it as G total.

[0049] S3. Place the steel slag sample on the anvil 2 and cool it with hydrolysis solution for five minutes. After cooling the steel slag sample with hydrolysis solution for five minutes, hammer it to weaken the internal structure of the steel slag through hydrolysis reaction and reduce crushing energy consumption.

[0050] S4. Start the hydraulic telescopic rod 3 to drive the hammer head 4 to reciprocate, with a hammering speed of 2 seconds / stroke, and 3 hammerings. The single stroke of the heavy hammer is 350mm high, and the steel slag sample breaks into pieces along the crack inside;

[0051] S5. Collect steel slag samples with a particle size of ≥10mm and dry them in a drying oven set at 150℃ for 1 hour.

[0052] S6. Weigh the dried sample to an accuracy of 0.05 kg and record the weight. The code is G≧10 mm.

[0053] S7. Calculate the crushability of steel slag samples using the formula:

[0054] P = (Gtotal - G ≥ 10 mm) ÷ Gtotal × 100

[0055] P____ Crusherability of steel slag (%)

[0056] G_total weight of steel slag sample (kg)

[0057] The weight (kg) of the steel slag sample with a diameter of ≥10mm after crushing is calculated using the formula P = (G_total - G≥10mm) / G_total × 100%, which converts the crushability into a comparable percentage index (step S7). This formula comprehensively considers the total mass and the effective crushing amount, eliminating the influence of fine powder and achieving a high degree of accuracy in the evaluation results. The spraying structure (lime slurry) and drying unit 15 ensure that the surface of the bucket 8 is dry (step S1), eliminating the influence of the moisture content difference of the sampling tools on the experiment. The lime slurry forms a 0.5mm homogeneous isolation layer and is dried at 120℃ to constant weight, ensuring consistent initial conditions for each sampling.

[0058] The sampling temperature (550-650℃) and demolding timing (dark red surface) were quantitatively controlled (step S2). Temperature was monitored in real-time using thermocouples to ensure a high degree of repeatability in the initial state of the sample. Subsequent extensive experiments proved that processing 1 kg of steel slag required only 0.01 kWh of electricity.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0060] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A test device for the crushability of steel slag, characterized in that, The device includes a housing (1), an anvil (2) is provided inside the housing (1), a hydraulic telescopic rod (3) is provided on the housing (1), the extended end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (3) is slidably connected to the top of the housing (1), a hammer (4) is provided at the extended end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (3), a sieve barrel (5) and a reaction barrel (6) are provided inside the housing (1), the sieve barrel (5) is located inside the reaction barrel (6), the hammer (4) is located inside the reaction barrel (6), and hydrolysate is stored inside the housing (1).

2. The steel slag crushability testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hammer (4) is provided with a guide hole (7) for reducing the downward resistance of the hammer (4), and the screen barrel (5) is provided with screen holes, which are evenly distributed on the screen barrel (5).

3. The steel slag crushability testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least one of the flow guide hole (7) and the sieve hole is provided, and the diameter of the flow guide hole (7) is smaller than the diameter of the sieve hole.

4. The steel slag crushability testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anvil (2) is located in the hydrolysate, and the water level of the hydrolysate is located in the upper part of the reaction tank (6).

5. The steel slag crushability testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel slag crushability testing device also includes auxiliary structures such as sampling molds, spraying structures, and drying structures.

6. The steel slag crushability testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sampling structure includes a bucket (8) and a telescopic handle (9), and the telescopic handle (9) is fixedly connected to the bucket (8).

7. The experimental apparatus for testing the crushability of steel slag according to claim 5, characterized in that, The spraying structure includes a mixing tank (10), a stirrer (13) installed on the mixing tank (10), and a nozzle (12) connected to the mixing tank (10) via a conduit (11). A slurry pump (14) is provided between the nozzle (12) and the mixing tank (10). The mixing tank (10) is filled with lime powder slurry for spraying the test block.

8. The experimental apparatus for testing the crushability of steel slag according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drying structure is provided with at least one drying unit (15), and each drying unit (15) is provided with a 70mm*70mm furnace opening.

9. The experimental apparatus for testing the crushability of steel slag according to claim 1, characterized in that, A steel plate (16) for reducing the impact force of hammering is provided below the reaction tank (6), and the steel plate (16) is embedded in the concrete ground.

10. A method for testing the crushability of steel slag, based on the experimental apparatus for testing the crushability of steel slag according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, S1. The sampling mold bucket (8) is sprayed with a spraying structure, and the sprayed bucket (8) is placed in the drying unit (15) for drying so that the bucket (8) reaches a waterless state. S2. After sampling with the sampling mold, wait for the surface of the steel slag sample to solidify and turn dark red. The temperature of the steel slag sample is 550°-650°. Demold the steel slag sample and weigh it. Record the weight to 0.05 kg, and record it as G total. S3. Place the steel slag sample on the anvil and cool it by hydrolysis with hydrolysis solution for five minutes. S4. Start the hydraulic telescopic rod to drive the hammer head to reciprocate, with a hammering speed of 2 seconds per strike, for a total of 3 strikes. The hammer strikes a single stroke to a height of 350mm, causing the steel slag sample to break into pieces along the cracks inside. S5. Collect steel slag samples with a particle size of ≥10mm and dry them in a drying oven set at 150℃ for 1 hour. S6. Weigh the dried sample to an accuracy of 0.05 kg and record the weight. The code is G≧10 mm. S7. Calculate the crushability of steel slag samples using the formula: P = (Gtotal - G ≥ 10 mm) ÷ Gtotal × 100 P____ Crusherability of steel slag (%) G_total weight of steel slag sample (kg) G≧10mm____Weight of steel slag sample with a diameter of ≥10mm after crushing (kg).

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