Microcosmic seepage model simulation device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material permeability experiment devices, in particular to a microscopic seepage model simulation device which comprises a clamping assembly, a box body with an upward opening and an upper gland with a transparent observation window in the middle. The device is reasonable and compact in structure and convenient to use, sandstone particles can be compressed in the simulation bin through the upper gland, and a simulated sandstone layer with the same structure as an oil reservoir stratum sandstone is formed; the seepage liquid can more uniformly enter the vertical micropores in the rectification strip through the left diversion trench, and the horizontal micropores communicated with the vertical micropores can enable the seepage liquid to uniformly flow into the simulation bin from the right side surface of the rectification strip in a layered manner, so that the seepage liquid can flow in parallel in the simulative sandstone layer; therefore, the seepage liquid can simulate one-dimensional linear flow in the simulated sandstone layer, the situation that the seepage liquid has excessive turbulent flow to influence an experiment result is avoided, the flowing state of deep stratum fluid laminar flow can be simulated more truly, and a better experiment result is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of experimental apparatus for material permeability, and is a microscopic permeation model simulation device. Background Technology

[0002] Microscopic flow models are fundamental to microscopic flow experiments. To meet the requirements of different research topics, various physical models have been developed to simulate the pore systems of porous media, enabling the conduct of various microscopic flow experiments to obtain detailed and accurate research results that closely approximate the actual internal conditions of porous media. Microscopic flow model technology is crucial in the field of oil and gas field development. To better understand the reservoir characteristics and fluid flow patterns of oil reservoirs, scholars both domestically and internationally have proposed various microscopic physical flow models for laboratory experimental research, including real core thin sections, glass etching models, acrylic etching models, and bead-based models.

[0003] Real core models are mainly made of real core slices cast with epoxy resin or encapsulated with materials such as glass and organic polymers as clamps. They can simulate seepage patterns and oil-water-rock reaction mechanisms. Typically, the core slices are bonded to the substrate by bonding the upper cover plate, core slices, and lower cover plate in sequence, and then sealing the perimeter with adhesive. In this method, the adhesive can easily seep into the pores, clogging the core pores and affecting the study of seepage patterns within the pores. At the same time, in displacement experiments, dyes are usually used to stain water and oil. However, due to the poor light transmittance of real cores, it is still difficult to observe the fluid distribution and transport state within the pores even with the above auxiliary operations.

[0004] Glass etching models typically employ acid etching or photolithography, using sintering and liquid adhesive bonding methods to precisely bond the etched channels between the glass and a glass cover plate through heating or applying liquid adhesive. Glass etching models are generally used to simulate the flow patterns and mechanisms within sandstone reservoirs, but are less effective at simulating the flow patterns in carbonate reservoirs. While glass etching models offer good observability, the sintering process requires high precision, as high temperatures can cause pore melting and blockage, and the controllable pore width is relatively low. Liquid adhesive bonding is affected by the adhesive thickness, often resulting in a thinner top and thicker bottom, which impacts the bonding effect. Furthermore, liquid adhesive can easily clog the etched channels, hindering the study of flow patterns.

[0005] Acrylic etching models use organic polymer acrylic materials as substrates. Pre-designed simulated channels are etched onto the substrate surface using lasers, and then encapsulated and bonded with a cover plate. Common methods include thermoforming and adhesive encapsulation. Thermoforming requires high temperature and high pressure, which can easily lead to deformation and blockage of the seepage channels. During adhesive encapsulation, the adhesive is easily embedded in the microchannels, and its poor chemical thermal properties and easy solubility in oil can not only block the channels but also cause the etching model to fail and leak. At the same time, the surface of acrylic material is oleophilic, which can simulate the wettability of carbonate reservoirs, but it is impossible to study its reaction mechanism.

[0006] The process of fabricating a bead-clamping model involves densely clamping a layer of sorted glass beads between two pieces of glass, sealing off the perimeter and leaving only the inlet and outlet, thus creating a layered porous medium model. This model can effectively represent the three-dimensional structure of porous media and is translucent, allowing for the display of certain flow characteristics and details. However, the bead-clamping model makes it difficult to precisely control the changes in pore size within the porous system, and it is extremely difficult to fully observe phase motion and interactions within this three-dimensional model.

[0007] However, the existing microscopic seepage model simulation devices have the following shortcomings in actual use: the model size is small and the model structure is very different from the actual reservoir sand body structure, which cannot truly reflect the actual formation seepage law; the fluid in the seepage model cavity cannot achieve parallel flow, and the fluid entering the cavity will have too much turbulence, which will affect the experimental results. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention provides a microscopic seepage model simulation device that overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art. It can effectively solve the problems of existing microscopic seepage model simulation devices, such as the inability of the fluid in the seepage model cavity to achieve parallel flow and the excessive turbulence of the fluid entering the cavity affecting the experimental results.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: a microscopic seepage model simulation device includes a clamping assembly, an upward-opening box, and an upper pressure cover with a transparent observation window in the middle. The upper pressure cover is provided on the upper side of the box, and the upper pressure cover and the box are fixedly installed together by the clamping assembly. The lower side of the transparent observation window and the inner cavity of the box can form a simulation chamber for holding the simulation medium. A left rectifying groove with an upward opening and an elongated shape is provided on the upper side of the bottom plate of the box corresponding to the left end of the simulation chamber. A left rectifying part is provided in the left rectifying groove, the upper end of which abuts against the lower side of the transparent observation window. The left rectifying part can convert the non-parallel flow of fluid flowing into the simulation chamber into parallel flow. A left guide groove with an upward opening is provided at the bottom of the right side of the left rectifying groove. The left guide groove can make the fluid flow into the left rectifying part evenly. The middle part of the left guide groove is connected to the middle part of the left side of the lower end of the box through a liquid inlet channel, and the middle part of the right side of the lower end of the box is connected to the middle part of the right side of the simulation chamber through a liquid outlet channel.

[0010] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to the above-mentioned technical solution: The aforementioned left rectifier section may include a rectifier bar and a positioning plate. A rectifier bar is provided in the left rectifier groove corresponding to the position of the left guide groove. The rectifier bar has several micro-holes that are connected internally and externally. A limit block is fixedly installed in the left rectifier groove corresponding to the position of the middle left side of the rectifier bar. The upper end of the limit block abuts against the lower side of the transparent observation window. A positioning plate is provided between the upper side of the rectifier bar and the lower side of the transparent observation window. Two support platforms with their lower ends abutting against the bottom of the left rectifier groove are fixedly installed on the left side of the positioning plate corresponding to the positions of the front and rear sides of the limit block. The two support platforms are fixedly installed together with the bottom plate of the box body by countersunk screws.

[0011] The aforementioned rectifier strip has several micro-holes that are interconnected internally and externally, including: several vertical micro-hole groups that are spaced apart on the upper side of the rectifier strip and can be connected to the left guide groove, each vertical micro-hole group including several vertical micro-holes that are spaced apart horizontally and are connected vertically; corresponding to the position of each vertical micro-hole group, several horizontal micro-holes that are connected horizontally are spaced apart vertically on the right side of the rectifier strip, and the diameter of the vertical micro-holes and horizontal micro-holes is 0.1mm to 0.5mm.

[0012] The aforementioned upper cover with a transparent observation window in the middle may include a cover body and a transparent pressure plate. The lower side of the cover body abuts against the upper end of the box body. An inner ring groove is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the box body, and the lower side wall of the inner ring groove is flush with the top of the left rectifier section. A top pressure ring platform adapted to the inner ring groove is provided on the lower side of the upper cover corresponding to the position of the inner ring groove. A transparent pressure plate is provided between the lower end of the top pressure ring platform and the lower side wall of the inner ring groove. An observation window that runs vertically through the cover body is provided on the inner side of the top pressure ring platform.

[0013] The above may also include a sealing ring, and the lower side wall of the inner ring groove is provided with an upward-opening sealing mounting groove, and a sealing ring is provided in the sealing mounting groove that can form a compression seal with the lower side of the transparent pressure plate.

[0014] The above may also include a right rectifier section, with an upward-opening right rectifier groove on the upper side of the bottom plate of the box corresponding to the right end of the simulation chamber. The right rectifier section is located inside the right rectifier groove, with its upper end abutting against the lower side of the transparent observation window. The structure of the right rectifier section is the same as that of the left rectifier section and is symmetrically distributed from left to right. A right guide groove with an upward opening is located at the bottom of the right rectifier groove corresponding to the left end of the right rectifier section. The middle part of the right guide groove is connected to the liquid outlet channel.

[0015] The aforementioned clamping assembly may include a first fastening bolt, a first fastening nut, a second fastening bolt, and a second fastening nut. The front and rear side panels of the box body are each provided with several vertically penetrating first connecting holes spaced laterally. A corresponding upper pressure cap at each first connecting hole location is provided with a vertically penetrating second connecting hole. Each first connecting hole has a first fastening bolt positioned within the second connecting hole at its upper end. Each first fastening bolt has a first fastening nut screwed onto its upper outer side, with its lower end abutting against the upper side of the upper pressure cap. The left and right side panels of the box body are each provided with several vertically penetrating third connecting holes spaced laterally. A corresponding upper pressure cap at each third connecting hole location is provided with a vertically penetrating fourth connecting hole. Each third connecting hole contains a second fastening bolt positioned within the fourth connecting hole. Each second fastening bolt has a second fastening nut screwed onto its upper outer side, with its lower end abutting against the lower side of the upper pressure cap.

[0016] The lower center of the aforementioned box body may be provided with a heating element that can simulate the temperature of the formation in the simulation chamber. The heating element may include heating elements and insulation plates. The lower center of the bottom plate of the box body is provided with a downward-facing heating groove, and heating elements and insulation plates are arranged sequentially from top to bottom in the heating groove.

[0017] Quick connectors can be screwed onto the inner side of the left end of the liquid inlet channel and the inner side of the right end of the liquid outlet channel.

[0018] This invention features a reasonable and compact structure, making it easy to use. The resulting simulation chamber offers a larger space. The cover and transparent pressure plate, fitted into the upper part of the box, evenly transmit the pressure generated by the fastening bolts and nuts to the simulated sandstone layer, compressing and encapsulating it within the chamber. During the experiment, the transparent pressure plate allows for clear and intuitive observation of the seepage state of the fluid within the simulated sandstone layer. The upper pressure cover compresses and encapsulates the sandstone particles within the chamber, forming a simulated sandstone layer with the same structure as the reservoir's formation sandstone. The left guide channel allows the seepage fluid to enter the vertical micropores on the flow straightener more evenly. The horizontal micropores connected to these vertical micropores allow the seepage fluid to flow evenly and in layers from the right side of the flow straightener into the simulation chamber, enabling parallel flow within the simulated sandstone layer. This simulates one-dimensional linear flow, preventing excessive turbulence from affecting the experimental results and thus more realistically simulating the laminar flow state of deep formation fluids, leading to better experimental results. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main half-section structure of Embodiments 1-9 of the present invention.

[0020] Appendix Figure 2 For the appendix Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure.

[0021] Appendix Figure 3 For the appendix Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the opening of the upper pressure cover.

[0022] Appendix Figure 4 For the appendix Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle box.

[0023] Appendix Figure 5 For the appendix Figure 1 A magnified three-dimensional structural diagram of the rectifier bar.

[0024] Appendix Figure 6 For the appendix Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle cover.

[0025] The codes in the attached diagram are as follows: 1 for the housing, 2 for the simulation chamber, 3 for the left rectifier slot, 4 for the left guide slot, 5 for the rectifier strip, 6 for the positioning plate, 7 for the limiting block, 8 for the support platform, 9 for the countersunk screw, 10 for the vertical micro-hole, 11 for the horizontal micro-hole, 12 for the cover, 13 for the transparent plate, 14 for the inner ring groove, 15 for the top pressure ring platform, 16 for the observation window, 17 for the sealing ring, 18 for the sealing installation groove, 19 for the right rectifier section, 20 for the right rectifier slot, and 21 for the right guide slot. Flow channel, 22 is the first fastening bolt, 23 is the first fastening nut, 24 is the second fastening bolt, 25 is the second fastening nut, 26 is the heating element, 27 is the insulation board, 28 is the quick connector, 29 is the simulated sandstone layer, 30 is the horizontal liquid inlet channel, 31 is the vertical liquid inlet channel, 32 is the horizontal liquid outlet channel, 33 is the vertical liquid outlet channel, 34 is the insert plate slot, 35 is the first connecting hole, 36 is the second connecting hole, 37 is the third connecting hole, and 38 is the fourth connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation can be determined according to the technical solution of the present invention and the actual situation.

[0027] In this invention, for ease of description, the description of the relative positions of the components is based on the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 The layout is described using a diagrammatic method, such as front, back, top, bottom, left, right, etc. The positional relationships are determined based on the layout direction of the attached diagram in the instruction manual.

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings: Example 1: As shown in the attached document Figure 1-6As shown, the microscopic seepage model simulation device includes a clamping assembly, an upward-opening box 1, and an upper pressure cover with a transparent observation window in the middle. The upper pressure cover is located on the upper side of the box 1 and is fixedly installed with the box 1 by the clamping assembly. The lower side of the transparent observation window and the inner cavity of the box 1 can form a simulation chamber 2 for holding the simulation medium. The upper side of the bottom plate of the box 1 corresponding to the left end of the simulation chamber 2 is provided with an upward-opening, elongated left rectifier 3. The left rectifier 3 is provided with a left rectifier part whose upper end abuts against the lower side of the transparent observation window. The left rectifier part can convert the non-parallel flow of fluid flowing into the simulation chamber 2 into parallel flow. The bottom of the right side of the left rectifier 3 is provided with an upward-opening left guide trough 4. The left guide trough 4 can make the fluid flow into the left rectifier part evenly. The middle part of the left guide trough 4 is connected to the middle part of the lower left side of the box 1 through a liquid inlet channel, and the middle part of the lower right side of the box 1 is connected to the middle part of the right side of the simulation chamber 2 through a liquid outlet channel.

[0029] During use, the formation sandstone structure at the depth of the reservoir is obtained, and sandstone particles (simulated medium) with the same composition as the aforementioned formation sandstone are selected. The upper pressure cap is opened, and the sandstone particles (simulated medium) are evenly spread throughout the simulation chamber 2 on the right side of the left rectifying section. Considering that loose sandstone particles can be compressed and that deep formations have a certain pressure, the thickness of the sandstone particles can be slightly greater than the height of the simulation chamber 2. The upper pressure cap is placed on the sandstone particles, and the upper cap is pressed onto the box body 1 using the clamping assembly to compact the loose sandstone particles in the simulation chamber 2, ensuring a tight and seamless fit between the upper pressure cap and the upper end of the box body 1, so that the sandstone particles are compressed within the simulation chamber 2, forming a simulated sandstone layer 29 with the same formation sandstone structure as the reservoir at its depth.

[0030] The seepage liquid flows into the left guide channel 4 through the inlet channel. The left guide channel 4 enables the seepage liquid, which originally had a high flow velocity and was prone to eddy currents when flowing out of a single hole, to enter the left rectification section more evenly and slowly. The left rectification section rectifyes the seepage liquid, turning it into a parallel flow with a uniform flow velocity distribution and the liquid flow direction consistent with the seepage direction. This allows the seepage liquid to simulate one-dimensional linear flow within the simulated sandstone layer 29, thereby more realistically simulating the laminar flow state of deep formation fluids and obtaining better experimental results. After seeping out of the simulated sandstone layer 29, the seepage liquid can be discharged outside the invention through the outlet channel.

[0031] Depending on the requirements, this device can be placed in a constant temperature chamber to simulate the formation temperature at the depth of the oil reservoir, thereby more realistically simulating the fluid flow and seepage at the reservoir location. To allow for a more intuitive and clear observation of the fluid flow and seepage within the simulated sandstone layer 29 through a transparent observation window, the size of the transparent observation window can be larger than the size of the simulation chamber 2. To prevent liquid leakage between the upper pressure cap and the box body 1, a sealing element is provided between the upper pressure cap and the box body 1. The simulation chamber 2 is rectangular, while the box body 1 is typically a low-height rectangular box body 1 to increase the size of the simulation chamber 2. The left rectifying section can be implemented using a multi-layered parallel fracture plate with porous media channels fixedly installed in the left rectifying groove 3, or a porous plate capable of parallel flow, or sintered porous metal strips, etc. The clamping assembly can be implemented using existing threaded fastener assemblies, C-type clamps, vertical clamps, compression clamps, or latch-type clamps.

[0032] To facilitate the implementation of inlet and outlet channels, the inlet channel may include a horizontal inlet channel 30 and a vertical inlet channel 31 connecting the right end of the horizontal channel with the middle of the left guide channel 4. The outlet channel may include a horizontal outlet channel 32 and a vertical outlet channel 33 connecting the middle of the right end of the simulation chamber 2 with the left end of the horizontal outlet channel 32.

[0033] This invention features a reasonable and compact structure, making it easy to use. It compresses and seals sandstone particles within the simulation chamber 2 using an upper pressure cap with a transparent observation window, forming a simulated sandstone layer 29 identical to the sandstone structure of the oil reservoir. During the experiment, the transparent observation window allows for clear and intuitive observation of the seepage state of the seepage fluid within the simulated sandstone layer 29. The left guide channel 4 allows the seepage fluid to enter the left rectification section more evenly. The left rectification section adjusts the flow rate and direction of the seepage fluid flowing into the simulation chamber 2, enabling parallel flow within the simulated sandstone layer 29. This simulates one-dimensional linear flow, preventing excessive turbulence from affecting the experimental results and thus more realistically simulating the laminar flow state of deep formation fluids, leading to better experimental results.

[0034] The above-mentioned microscopic seepage model simulation device can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs: Example 2: As shown in the attached document Figure 1-5As shown, the left rectifier section includes a rectifier bar 5 and a positioning plate 6. A rectifier bar 5 is provided in the left rectifier groove 3 corresponding to the position of the left guide groove 4. The rectifier bar 5 has several micro-holes that are connected internally and externally. A limiting block 7 is fixedly installed in the left rectifier groove 3 corresponding to the left side of the middle part of the rectifier bar 5. The upper end of the limiting block 7 abuts against the lower side of the transparent observation window. A positioning plate 6 is provided between the upper side of the rectifier bar 5 and the lower side of the transparent observation window. Two support platforms 8 with their lower ends abutting against the bottom of the left rectifier groove 3 are fixedly installed on the left side of the positioning plate 6 corresponding to the positions of the front and rear sides of the limiting block 7. The two support platforms 8 are fixedly installed together with the bottom plate of the box body 1 by countersunk screws 9.

[0035] During use, the seepage liquid in the left guide channel 4 can enter the straightener bar 5 evenly along the micropores to reduce the flow rate of the seepage liquid and avoid the generation of eddies. The seepage liquid is hindered by the solid phase in the micropores, which can make the outflow speed of the seepage liquid more uniform. The micropores can also change the flow direction of the seepage liquid, so that the seepage liquid flows into the simulated sandstone layer 29 from the right side of the straightener bar 5 at a uniform speed, thereby simulating the laminar flow state of the strata at the depth of the oil reservoir and obtaining a seepage effect that is more similar to the seepage state of the strata where the oil reservoir is located.

[0036] With this setting, the limiting block 7 can make the right side of the rectifier bar 5 abut against the right side wall of the left rectifier tank 3, preventing the rectifier bar 5 from moving left and right during the experiment under the action of liquid inlet pressure. The limiting block 7 can be integrally formed with the box body 1.

[0037] The pressure plate and support platform 8 are provided with countersunk holes adapted to the countersunk screws 9. The upper end of the countersunk screws 9 is lower than the upper side of the pressure plate so that the upper cover can reliably press against the upper end of the rectifier section. In this embodiment, the countersunk screws 9 can be hex socket head cap screws. The countersunk screws 9 can reliably fix the positioning pressure plate 6 to the bottom plate of the box 1, thereby effectively preventing the rectifier strip 5 from moving up and down during the experiment, ensuring that the rectifier strip 5 can rectify the incoming liquid into a horizontal flow, and obtain better experimental results.

[0038] According to the requirements, the flow straightener 5 can be realized by foam metal in the prior art. Foam metal has high air permeability and its interior is almost full of interconnected holes. In order to ensure a reliable seepage effect, the length of the flow straightener 5 in this embodiment can be 2 / 3 of the width of the simulated chamber 2 (i.e., the dimension perpendicular to the direction of liquid flow).

[0039] To simulate a sandstone structure formed by two sandstone particles of different sizes, an upward-opening insertion slot 34 can be provided on the upper side of the bottom plate of the box 1, corresponding to the middle position of the limiting block 7. During use, by installing an insertion plate in the insertion slot 34, the simulation chamber 2 can be temporarily divided into two simulation cavities. After simultaneously placing the two sandstone particles of different sizes into the corresponding simulation cavities, the insertion plate is removed, and the sandstone medium is pressed by the upper pressure cover. This allows for the simultaneous establishment of seepage models of two sandstone structures with different particle sizes, enabling a direct comparison of the seepage states of the two sandstone structures and effectively improving experimental efficiency.

[0040] Example 3: As shown in the attached document Figure 1 , 5 As shown, the rectifier bar 5 has several micro-holes that are connected internally and externally, including: several vertical micro-hole groups that can be connected to the left guide groove 4 are provided at intervals on the upper side of the rectifier bar 5, and each vertical micro-hole group includes several vertical micro-holes 10 that are spaced apart horizontally and connected vertically; several horizontal micro-holes 11 that are connected horizontally are provided at intervals on the right side of the rectifier bar 5 corresponding to the position of each vertical micro-hole group, and the diameter of the vertical micro-holes 10 and the horizontal micro-holes 11 is 0.1mm to 0.5mm.

[0041] During use, the seepage liquid in the left guide channel 4 can be evenly and dispersed into the straightener 5 along several vertical micro-holes 10 on the straightener 5, reducing the flow velocity of the seepage liquid and preventing the seepage liquid from generating eddies. Through the horizontal micro-holes 11 arranged at intervals on the right side of the straightener 5 and connected to the vertical micro-holes 10, the seepage liquid can be dispersed into several fine horizontal liquid flows along the height of the simulated sandstone layer 29 during the outflow process. This allows the seepage liquid to flow into the simulated sandstone layer 29 in layers both vertically and horizontally, simulating a one-dimensional linear flow fluid with flow velocity and direction that matches the flow of reservoir formation fluid. This is to more realistically reflect the laminar flow state of deep formation fluid and obtain a microscopic seepage model that is more similar to the seepage state of the reservoir formation.

[0042] Depending on the requirements, the width of the area covered by the vertical micropores 10 can be 2 / 3 of the width of the simulation chamber 2. In this embodiment, the diameter of the micropores can be 0.3 mm, and the number of layers of horizontal micropores 11 can be determined according to the height of the simulation chamber 2.

[0043] Example 4: As shown in the appendix Figure 1-2 As shown in Figure 6, the upper cover with a transparent observation window in the middle includes a cover body 12 and a transparent pressure plate 13. The lower side of the cover body 12 abuts against the upper end of the box body 1. An inner ring groove 14 is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the box body 1. The lower side wall of the inner ring groove 14 is flush with the top of the left rectifier. A top pressure ring platform 15 adapted to the inner ring groove 14 is provided on the lower side of the upper cover corresponding to the position of the inner ring groove 14. A transparent pressure plate 13 is provided between the lower end of the top pressure ring platform 15 and the lower side wall of the inner ring groove 14. An observation window 16 that runs vertically through the cover body is provided on the inner side of the top pressure ring platform 15.

[0044] During use, the inner cavity of the box 1 at the lower position of the inner ring groove 14, the right side of the left rectifier, and the lower side of the transparent pressure plate 13 can form a simulation chamber 2. The inner ring groove 14 can restrict the position of the transparent pressure plate 13, so that the transparent pressure plate 13 can completely cover the left rectifier and the simulation chamber 2. During the experiment, the rectifier bar 5 and the entire simulated sandstone layer 29 can be seen directly. The top pressure inner ring platform can apply pressure evenly to the transparent pressure plate 13, preventing the transparent pressure plate 13 from breaking or being damaged due to uneven force.

[0045] The interlocking structure between the cover 12, the transparent pressure plate 13, and the inner ring groove 14 avoids drilling holes in the transparent pressure plate 13, thereby preventing the transparent pressure plate 13 from breaking or cracking under pressure. Depending on the requirements, the transparent pressure plate 13 can be a glass pressure plate.

[0046] Example 5: As shown in the attached document Figure 1-4 As shown, it also includes a sealing ring 17. The lower side wall of the inner ring groove 14 is provided with an upward-opening sealing mounting groove 18. The sealing mounting groove 18 is provided with a sealing ring 17 that can form a compression seal with the lower side of the transparent pressure plate 13.

[0047] Depending on the requirements, the sealing ring 17 can be a ring-shaped rubber pad, a foamed sealing strip laid in the sealing installation groove 18, or a rubber sealing ring 17, etc. During use, the sealing ring 17 can effectively prevent the liquid in the simulation chamber 2 from leaking out of the chamber, and can also buffer the transparent pressure plate 13 during the pressing of the cover 12 to prevent the transparent pressure plate 13 from cracking.

[0048] Example 6: As shown in the appendix Figure 1 , 3 As shown in Figure 4, it also includes a right rectifier section 19. A right rectifier groove 20 with an upward opening is provided on the upper side of the bottom plate of the box 1 corresponding to the right end of the simulation chamber 2. The right rectifier groove 20 has a right rectifier section 19 with its upper end abutting against the lower side of the transparent observation window. The structure of the right rectifier section 19 is the same as that of the left rectifier section and is symmetrically distributed from left to right. A right guide groove 21 with an upward opening is provided at the bottom of the right rectifier groove 20 corresponding to the left end of the right rectifier section 19. The middle part of the right guide groove 21 is connected to the liquid outlet channel.

[0049] With this setting, either end can be selected as the input end for the seepage liquid, reducing the time spent selecting and adjusting the inlet end, improving experimental efficiency, and making it more convenient to use.

[0050] Example 7: As attached Figure 1-3As shown in Figure 6, the clamping assembly includes a first fastening bolt 22, a first fastening nut 23, a second fastening bolt 24, and a second fastening nut 25. The front and rear side panels of the housing 1 are each provided with several vertically penetrating first connecting holes 35 spaced horizontally. A vertically penetrating second connecting hole 36 is provided on the upper pressure plate corresponding to each first connecting hole 35. Each first connecting hole 35 has a first fastening bolt 22 located within the second connecting hole 36. The outer side of the upper end of each first fastening bolt 22... Each of the boxes is screwed with a first fastening nut 23 whose lower end abuts against the upper side of the upper cover. The left and right sides of the box body 1 are each provided with several vertically penetrating third connecting holes 37 at intervals. The upper cover corresponding to each third connecting hole 37 is provided with a vertically penetrating fourth connecting hole 38. Each third connecting hole 37 is provided with a second fastening bolt 24 whose upper part is located in the fourth connecting hole 38. Each second fastening bolt 24 is screwed with a second fastening nut 25 whose lower end abuts against the lower side of the upper cover on its outer side.

[0051] This design allows the pressure on the cover 12 to be transmitted more evenly to the transparent pressure plate 13, and enables quick adjustment of the pressure between the upper cover, the transparent pressure plate 13, and the box 1 according to actual needs. In addition, the bolt heads of each fastening bolt can also act as feet for the box 1, making the device heat up more evenly in the constant temperature chamber.

[0052] Example 8: As attached Figure 1 As shown, the lower middle part of the box body 1 is provided with a heating part that enables the simulation chamber 2 to simulate the temperature of the formation. The heating part includes a heating element 26 and an insulation plate 27. The lower middle part of the bottom plate of the box body 1 is provided with a heating groove with an opening facing downward. The heating element 26 and the insulation plate 27 are arranged in the heating groove from top to bottom.

[0053] During use, the heating element 26 can also heat the simulation chamber 2, ensuring that the temperature of the simulated sandstone layer 29 is consistent with the temperature of the reservoir formation. The heating operation of the heating element 26 can be automatically controlled by an automatic temperature control system as needed.

[0054] Example 9: As attached Figure 1-3 As shown, quick connectors 28 are screwed onto the inner side of the left end of the inlet channel and the inner side of the right end of the outlet channel.

[0055] The quick connector 28 makes it easier to connect and disconnect the present invention with the inlet and outlet pipelines, saving pipeline connection time.

[0056] The above technical features constitute the embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Unnecessary technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

Claims

1. A microscopic seepage model simulation device, characterized in that, The device includes a clamping assembly, an upward-opening housing, and a top cover with a transparent observation window in the middle. The top cover is located on the upper side of the housing and is fixedly installed to the housing by the clamping assembly. The lower side of the transparent observation window and the inner cavity of the housing form a simulation chamber for holding the simulation medium. A long, upward-opening left rectifier trough is located on the upper side of the bottom plate of the housing corresponding to the left end of the simulation chamber. The left rectifier trough has a left rectifier section whose upper end abuts against the lower side of the transparent observation window. The left rectifier section can convert the non-parallel flow of fluid flowing into the simulation chamber into parallel flow. The bottom of the right side of the left rectifier trough has an upward-opening left guide trough, which allows the fluid to flow evenly into the left rectifier section. The middle of the left guide trough is connected to the middle of the left side of the lower end of the housing through an inlet channel, and the middle of the right side of the lower end of the housing is connected to the middle of the right side of the simulation chamber through an outlet channel.

2. The microscopic seepage model simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The left rectifier section includes a rectifier bar and a positioning plate. A rectifier bar is provided in the left rectifier groove corresponding to the position of the left guide groove. The rectifier bar has several micro-holes that are connected internally and externally. A limit block is fixedly installed in the left rectifier groove corresponding to the left side of the middle part of the rectifier bar. The upper end of the limit block abuts against the lower side of the transparent observation window. A positioning plate is provided between the upper side of the rectifier bar and the lower side of the transparent observation window. Two support platforms with their lower ends abutting against the bottom of the left rectifier groove are fixedly installed on the left side of the positioning plate corresponding to the positions of the front and rear sides of the limit block. The two support platforms are fixedly installed together with the bottom plate of the box body by countersunk screws.

3. The microscopic seepage model simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rectifier strip has several interconnected micro-holes, including: several vertical micro-hole groups that can communicate with the left guide groove are arranged at intervals on the upper side of the rectifier strip, each vertical micro-hole group includes several vertical micro-holes that are spaced apart horizontally and connected vertically; corresponding to the position of each vertical micro-hole group, several horizontal micro-holes that are spaced apart horizontally are arranged at intervals on the right side of the rectifier strip, and the diameter of the vertical micro-holes and horizontal micro-holes is 0.1mm to 0.5mm.

4. The microscopic seepage model simulation device according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The upper cover with a transparent observation window in the middle includes a cover body and a transparent pressure plate. The lower side of the cover body abuts against the upper end of the box body. An inner ring groove is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the box body. The lower side wall of the inner ring groove is flush with the top of the left rectifier. A top pressure ring platform adapted to the inner ring groove is provided on the lower side of the upper cover corresponding to the position of the inner ring groove. A transparent pressure plate is provided between the lower end of the top pressure ring platform and the lower side wall of the inner ring groove. An observation window that runs vertically through the cover body is provided on the inner side of the top pressure ring platform.

5. The microscopic seepage model simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that... It also includes a sealing ring, and the lower side wall of the inner ring groove is provided with an upward-opening sealing mounting groove, and the sealing mounting groove is provided with a sealing ring that can form a compression seal with the lower side of the transparent pressure plate.

6. The microscopic seepage model simulation device according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 5, characterized in that, It also includes a right rectifier section. A right rectifier groove with an upward opening is provided on the upper side of the bottom plate of the box corresponding to the right end of the simulation chamber. The right rectifier section is provided inside the right rectifier groove, with its upper end abutting against the lower side of the transparent observation window. The structure of the right rectifier section is the same as that of the left rectifier section and is symmetrically distributed from left to right. A right guide groove with an upward opening is provided at the bottom of the right rectifier groove corresponding to the left end of the right rectifier section. The middle part of the right guide groove is connected to the liquid outlet channel.

7. The microscopic seepage model simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a right rectifier section. A right rectifier groove with an upward opening is provided on the upper side of the bottom plate of the box corresponding to the right end of the simulation chamber. The right rectifier section is provided inside the right rectifier groove, with its upper end abutting against the lower side of the transparent observation window. The structure of the right rectifier section is the same as that of the left rectifier section and is symmetrically distributed from left to right. A right guide groove with an upward opening is provided at the bottom of the right rectifier groove corresponding to the left end of the right rectifier section. The middle part of the right guide groove is connected to the liquid outlet channel.

8. The microscopic seepage model simulation device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5, or 7, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes a first fastening bolt, a first fastening nut, a second fastening bolt, and a second fastening nut. The front and rear side panels of the box body are each provided with several vertically penetrating first connecting holes spaced horizontally. A corresponding upper pressure cap at each first connecting hole location is provided with a vertically penetrating second connecting hole. Each first connecting hole has a first fastening bolt located within the second connecting hole at its upper end. Each first fastening bolt has a first fastening nut screwed onto its upper outer side, with its lower end abutting against the upper side of the upper pressure cap. The left and right side panels of the box body are each provided with several vertically penetrating third connecting holes spaced horizontally. A corresponding upper pressure cap at each third connecting hole location is provided with a vertically penetrating fourth connecting hole. Each third connecting hole contains a second fastening bolt located within the fourth connecting hole. Each second fastening bolt has a second fastening nut screwed onto its upper outer side, with its lower end abutting against the lower side of the upper pressure cap. Or / and, the lower middle part of the box body is provided with a heating part that can simulate the temperature of the formation in the simulation chamber. The heating part includes a heating element and an insulation plate. The lower middle part of the bottom plate of the box body is provided with a heating groove with an opening facing downward. The heating groove is provided with a heating element and an insulation plate arranged from top to bottom. Or / and, quick connectors are screwed onto the inner side of the left end of the inlet channel and the inner side of the right end of the outlet channel.

9. The microscopic seepage model simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes a first fastening bolt, a first fastening nut, a second fastening bolt, and a second fastening nut. The front and rear side panels of the box body are each provided with several vertically penetrating first connecting holes spaced horizontally. A corresponding upper pressure cap at each first connecting hole location is provided with a vertically penetrating second connecting hole. Each first connecting hole has a first fastening bolt located within the second connecting hole at its upper end. Each first fastening bolt has a first fastening nut screwed onto its upper outer side, with its lower end abutting against the upper side of the upper pressure cap. The left and right side panels of the box body are each provided with several vertically penetrating third connecting holes spaced horizontally. A corresponding upper pressure cap at each third connecting hole location is provided with a vertically penetrating fourth connecting hole. Each third connecting hole contains a second fastening bolt located within the fourth connecting hole. Each second fastening bolt has a second fastening nut screwed onto its upper outer side, with its lower end abutting against the lower side of the upper pressure cap. Or / and, the lower middle part of the box body is provided with a heating part that can simulate the temperature of the formation in the simulation chamber. The heating part includes a heating element and an insulation plate. The lower middle part of the bottom plate of the box body is provided with a heating groove with an opening facing downward. The heating groove is provided with a heating element and an insulation plate arranged from top to bottom. Or / and, quick connectors are screwed onto the inner side of the left end of the inlet channel and the inner side of the right end of the outlet channel.

10. The microscopic seepage model simulation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes a first fastening bolt, a first fastening nut, a second fastening bolt, and a second fastening nut. The front and rear side panels of the box body are each provided with several vertically penetrating first connecting holes spaced horizontally. A corresponding upper pressure cap at each first connecting hole location is provided with a vertically penetrating second connecting hole. Each first connecting hole has a first fastening bolt located within the second connecting hole at its upper end. Each first fastening bolt has a first fastening nut screwed onto its upper outer side, with its lower end abutting against the upper side of the upper pressure cap. The left and right side panels of the box body are each provided with several vertically penetrating third connecting holes spaced horizontally. A corresponding upper pressure cap at each third connecting hole location is provided with a vertically penetrating fourth connecting hole. Each third connecting hole contains a second fastening bolt located within the fourth connecting hole. Each second fastening bolt has a second fastening nut screwed onto its upper outer side, with its lower end abutting against the lower side of the upper pressure cap. Or / and, the lower middle part of the box body is provided with a heating part that can simulate the temperature of the formation in the simulation chamber. The heating part includes a heating element and an insulation plate. The lower middle part of the bottom plate of the box body is provided with a heating groove with an opening facing downward. The heating groove is provided with a heating element and an insulation plate arranged from top to bottom. Or / and, quick connectors are screwed onto the inner side of the left end of the inlet channel and the inner side of the right end of the outlet channel.

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