Layout method of intelligent networked automobile multi-antenna system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent networked automobiles, in particular to a layout method of an intelligent networked automobile multi-antenna system. Comprising the following steps: obtaining structural parameters and electromagnetic characteristic parameters of an antenna, and building an antenna simulation model and a whole vehicle model according to the parameters; the coupling degree between the antennas in the free space, the natural resonance attribute of the vehicle body structure, the whole vehicle response under the electromagnetic interference outside the vehicle and the whole vehicle response under the electromagnetic interference inside the vehicle are obtained, and a pre-layout scheme of all the antennas in the whole vehicle environment is obtained; obtaining a distortion condition and a coupling degree of each antenna pattern, and outputting an optimization result of the pre-layout scheme; layout design and interference suppression of an intelligent networked automobile multi-antenna system are realized by comprehensively considering the coupling degree between antennas in a free space, the influence of an automobile body on antenna pattern distortion, the inherent resonance attribute of an automobile body structure and the response of the whole automobile under the electromagnetic interference inside and outside the whole automobile; the electromagnetic compatibility of the vehicle-mounted wireless communication system is effectively improved, and the development period of the whole vehicle is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent connected vehicle technology, and in particular to a layout method for a multi-antenna system for intelligent connected vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] As the intelligence and connectivity of new energy vehicles continue to improve, various types of onboard antennas are installed in electric vehicles, which are key components for realizing wireless communication, wireless networks, and satellite positioning. However, due to the limited space in the vehicle and the increasing number of communication protocols, strong coupling effects and signal interference occur between antennas, leading to deterioration in antenna performance and reduced electromagnetic compatibility, affecting vehicle safety and the safety of occupants. Therefore, when the antenna geometry parameters and communication protocols are fixed, optimizing the antenna layout in the electric vehicle is one of the most important ways to improve antenna performance and electromagnetic compatibility.

[0003] Currently, the main technical approaches used in research on multi-antenna layouts for vehicles are as follows:

[0004] I. Studying the radiation pattern distortion caused by the overall vehicle structure based on dipole antennas to guide antenna layout;

[0005] II. Formulate vehicle-mounted multi-antenna layout strategy based on the coupling of each antenna in free space;

[0006] 3. Based on the coupling of each antenna in the actual vehicle environment, the layout is adjusted through optimization algorithms;

[0007] IV. Based on multi-objective optimization related algorithms, local optimization is performed by simultaneously considering the influence of the vehicle structure on the antenna radiation pattern and the coupling effect between antennas.

[0008] V. Based on the inherent resonant properties of the vehicle body, and taking the dipole antenna as an example, we study the influence of the vehicle body structure on the antenna gain and adjust the layout accordingly.

[0009] However, the above technical approach considers fewer influencing factors. When designing the layout, it only considers the distortion of the antenna pattern and the coupling effect between antennas in the whole vehicle environment, without considering internal and external electromagnetic interference and the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle body. This reduces the electromagnetic compatibility performance of the vehicle wireless communication system and prolongs the vehicle development cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a layout method for a multi-antenna system of intelligent connected vehicles, aiming to solve the technical problem that the existing technology only considers the distortion of the antenna pattern and the coupling effect between antennas in the whole vehicle environment when designing the layout, without considering the internal and external electromagnetic interference and the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle body, thereby reducing the electromagnetic compatibility performance of the vehicle wireless communication system and prolonging the vehicle development cycle.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs a layout method for a multi-antenna system for intelligent connected vehicles, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Obtain the structural and electromagnetic characteristics of the antenna, and build an antenna simulation model and a vehicle model based on the parameters;

[0013] The coupling degree between antennas in free space, the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure, the vehicle response under external electromagnetic interference and the vehicle response under internal electromagnetic interference are obtained respectively, so as to obtain the pre-layout scheme of each antenna in the vehicle environment.

[0014] Obtain the distortion and coupling of each antenna pattern, and output the optimization results of the pre-layout scheme.

[0015] Among the steps involved in obtaining the antenna's structural and electromagnetic characteristics, and then building the antenna simulation model and the vehicle model based on those parameters:

[0016] The structural parameters of the antenna are obtained through the antenna model, and the electromagnetic characteristic parameters are obtained according to the product manual.

[0017] Add excitation to the excitation ports of each antenna and set the solution parameters and solution frequency;

[0018] Mesh generation and simulation were performed to obtain the antenna simulation data, which was then compared with the measured data to complete the verification of the antenna model.

[0019] Before the steps of adding excitation to the excitation ports of each antenna and setting the solution parameters and solution frequency:

[0020] Add excitation ports at appropriate locations based on the antenna's feeding system.

[0021] Among the steps involved in obtaining the antenna's structural and electromagnetic characteristics, and then building the antenna simulation model and the vehicle model based on those parameters:

[0022] The surfaces are extracted from the 3D digital model, and the extracted surfaces are geometrically processed to obtain the surface structure;

[0023] The mesh is divided, and common nodes are established by combining the weld points. The quality is checked to obtain the electromagnetic simulation model of the whole vehicle.

[0024] Among them, in the steps of obtaining the coupling degree between antennas in free space, the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure, the vehicle response under external electromagnetic interference, and the vehicle response under internal electromagnetic interference, to obtain the pre-layout scheme of each antenna in the vehicle environment:

[0025] By setting a limit threshold, the coupling degree of each antenna changes with distance in free space when the maximum radiation direction is the same and when they want to avoid each other. The limit threshold is used as the boundary to obtain the limit distance of each antenna.

[0026] Among them, in the steps of obtaining the coupling degree between antennas in free space, the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure, the vehicle response under external electromagnetic interference, and the vehicle response under internal electromagnetic interference, to obtain the pre-layout scheme of each antenna in the vehicle environment:

[0027] Characteristic mode analysis is used to obtain the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure and to obtain the spatial range of each antenna.

[0028] Among them, in the steps of obtaining the coupling degree between antennas in free space, the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure, the vehicle response under external electromagnetic interference, and the vehicle response under internal electromagnetic interference, to obtain the pre-layout scheme of each antenna in the vehicle environment:

[0029] The vehicle response under various pulse conditions is obtained by plane wave method, and the spatial range for arranging each antenna is obtained from the simulation results of its surface current.

[0030] Among them, in the steps of obtaining the coupling degree between antennas in free space, the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure, the vehicle response under external electromagnetic interference, and the vehicle response under internal electromagnetic interference, to obtain the pre-layout scheme of each antenna in the vehicle environment:

[0031] Based on the experimental data of radiation emission from each component, an equivalent model is established to obtain the simulation results of the surface current of the whole vehicle under electromagnetic interference inside the vehicle, and the spatial range for arranging each antenna is obtained.

[0032] Among them, in the steps of obtaining the distortion and coupling of each antenna pattern and outputting the optimization results of the pre-layout scheme:

[0033] By setting a distortion threshold, the effectiveness of the pre-layout scheme is judged by comparing the distortion degree of each antenna's radiation pattern in the actual vehicle environment with the distortion threshold obtained through simulation.

[0034] Determine whether the coupling effect of each antenna in the actual vehicle environment meets the limit, and output the determination result.

[0035] Among them, in the step of setting a distortion threshold and judging the effectiveness of the pre-layout scheme by comparing the distortion degree of each antenna's radiation pattern in the actual vehicle environment with the distortion threshold obtained through simulation:

[0036] If the distortion exceeds the distortion threshold, adjust the layout of each antenna.

[0037] If the distortion is less than or equal to the distortion threshold, the layout of each antenna will not be adjusted.

[0038] This invention discloses a layout method for a multi-antenna system in intelligent connected vehicles. The method involves acquiring the structural and electromagnetic characteristic parameters of the antennas, building antenna simulation models and vehicle models based on these parameters, obtaining the coupling degree between antennas in free space, the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure, the vehicle response under external electromagnetic interference, and the vehicle response under internal electromagnetic interference, thus obtaining a pre-layout scheme for each antenna in the vehicle environment. The method also acquires the distortion and coupling degree of each antenna's radiation pattern and outputs the optimized results of the pre-layout scheme. By comprehensively considering the coupling degree between antennas in free space, the influence of the vehicle body on antenna radiation pattern distortion, the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure, and the vehicle response under internal and external electromagnetic interference, the method achieves the layout design and interference suppression of the multi-antenna system for intelligent connected vehicles. This effectively improves the electromagnetic compatibility performance of the vehicle-mounted wireless communication system and shortens the vehicle development cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the layout method of the intelligent connected vehicle multi-antenna system of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the vehicle-mounted antenna simulation of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the construction of the whole vehicle electromagnetic simulation model of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of steps S100 of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of steps S200 of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of steps S300 of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the layout system of the intelligent connected vehicle multi-antenna system of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device of the present invention.

[0048] 401 - Model building module, 402 - Pre-layout scheme acquisition module, 403 - Pre-layout scheme optimization module. Detailed Implementation

[0049] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application.

[0050] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0051] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this application to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determination."

[0052] Please see Figures 1-6 This invention provides a layout method for a multi-antenna system of an intelligent connected vehicle, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S100: Obtain the structural and electromagnetic characteristics of the antenna, and build an antenna simulation model and a vehicle model based on the parameters.

[0054] In this embodiment, the structural and electromagnetic characteristic parameters of the antenna are obtained, and an antenna simulation model and a vehicle model are built based on these parameters. The specific process is as follows:

[0055] S101: Obtain the structural parameters of the antenna through the antenna model, and obtain the electromagnetic characteristic parameters according to the product manual;

[0056] S102: Add an excitation port at the appropriate location according to the antenna's feeding system;

[0057] S103: Add excitation to the excitation ports of each antenna and set the solution parameters and solution frequency;

[0058] S104: Perform mesh generation and simulation to obtain the antenna simulation data, and compare it with the measured data to complete the verification of the antenna model;

[0059] S105: Extract surfaces from the 3D digital model, perform geometric processing on the extracted surfaces, and obtain the surface structure;

[0060] S106: Mesh the model, combine the weld points to establish common nodes, check the quality, and obtain the electromagnetic simulation model of the whole vehicle.

[0061] In the above process, based on the actual vehicle-mounted antenna model, a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model of the vehicle-mounted wireless communication system was established using FEKO, including 5G, GNSS, WIFI, and BLE antennas. When building the model, the main considerations were the antenna radiating patches, ground planes, and antenna-related vias, while ignoring other active and passive components unrelated to the antenna. Finally, the accuracy of the models for each antenna was verified through experimental comparison. The specific process is as follows: Figure 2 As shown. The antenna's structural parameters are obtained through a 3D model or actual model, and its electromagnetic characteristic parameters (mainly including the dielectric constant and loss tangent of the substrate) are obtained from its product manual. Then, a simulation model of the antenna can be built in FEKO based on these parameters. Next, excitation ports are added at appropriate locations according to the antenna's feeding system to complete the model construction. (Note that when the antenna is fed using coaxial lines and microstrip lines, coplanar waveguides, or grounded coplanar waveguides, all microstrip lines, coplanar waveguides, or grounded coplanar waveguides must be retained, as this feeding structure has a certain radiation effect on the antenna's performance. If a coaxial line is directly used for feeding, the coaxial line can be ignored, as it has a strong ability to confine electromagnetic waves; an excitation port can be added at the connection point between the coaxial line and the antenna.) Based on the above construction process, excitation is first added to the excitation ports of each antenna, and the solution parameters and solution frequency are set. Then, mesh generation is performed (the radiating patches of the antenna can be locally refined). Finally, the appropriate algorithm is selected for simulation to obtain the antenna's simulation data, which is then compared with the measured data to complete the antenna model verification.

[0062] The process of building a full vehicle electromagnetic simulation model mainly consists of two parts: geometric processing and mesh generation. Since FEKO requires a triangular mesh, the first step is to extract surfaces (regular) from the 3D digital model or retain its outer surface (irregular). Then, the extracted surfaces undergo geometric processing to obtain a surface structure that better conforms to the structure and reflects its characteristics. Next, the mesh is automatically generated using HyperMesh, and common nodes are established based on the weld points of the full vehicle model. Finally, the quality is checked to obtain the full vehicle electromagnetic simulation model. The process is as follows: Figure 3 As shown. In FEKO, when dealing with electrically large problems, triangular meshes are generally used to build the simulation model. The size of the mesh mainly depends on the wavelength corresponding to the simulation frequency, as shown below:

[0063]

[0064] In the above formula, L is... max Grid size, λ min To determine the wavelength corresponding to the highest frequency in the simulation, for electrically large models, the mesh size is generally required to be one-tenth of the wavelength corresponding to the highest frequency. This is the minimum requirement. If computational resources are sufficient, the mesh can be refined. Therefore, two sets of whole-vehicle electromagnetic simulation mesh models are established according to the mesh requirements. A 50mm whole-vehicle mesh model is used for frequencies below 1GHz, and a 25mm mesh model is used for frequencies above 1GHz.

[0065] S200: Obtain the coupling degree between antennas in free space, the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure, the vehicle response under external electromagnetic interference, and the vehicle response under internal electromagnetic interference, and obtain the pre-layout scheme of each antenna in the vehicle environment.

[0066] In this embodiment, the coupling degree between antennas in free space, the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle body structure, the vehicle response under external electromagnetic interference, and the vehicle response under internal electromagnetic interference are obtained respectively, to obtain a pre-layout scheme for each antenna in the vehicle environment. The specific process is as follows:

[0067] S201: Set a limit threshold, simulate the coupling degree of each antenna with distance in free space when the maximum radiation direction is the same and the antennas want to avoid each other, and obtain the limit distance of each antenna with the limit threshold as the limit.

[0068] S202: Characteristic mode analysis is used to obtain the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure and to obtain the spatial range of each antenna;

[0069] S203: Obtain the vehicle response under various pulse conditions using plane wave method, and obtain the spatial range for arranging each antenna from the simulation results of its surface current;

[0070] S204: Based on the experimental data of radiation emission from each component, establish its equivalent model to obtain the simulation results of the surface current of the whole vehicle under electromagnetic interference inside the vehicle, and obtain the spatial range for arranging each antenna.

[0071] In the above process, the layout design of the vehicle's multi-antenna system needs to consider any factors that may affect the antennas before formulating a layout strategy. The design mainly focuses on the following four aspects:

[0072] (1) Coupling between antennas in free space

[0073] The coupling degree of each antenna changes with distance when the maximum radiation direction is the same and the antennas are to be avoided, and the limit distance of each antenna is obtained with -50dB as the limit.

[0074] (2) Inherent resonance properties of the vehicle body structure

[0075] Based on the above-established electromagnetic simulation model of the whole vehicle, the inherent resonance properties of the whole vehicle structure are obtained through characteristic mode analysis, thereby obtaining the spatial range that is conducive to the placement of each antenna.

[0076] (3) Vehicle response under external electromagnetic interference

[0077] Common electromagnetic interference outside the vehicle mainly includes lightning electromagnetic pulses and electrostatic discharge electromagnetic pulses. By studying the vehicle response under various pulse conditions using plane wave methods, the spatial range unfavorable for arranging various antennas can be obtained from the simulation results of its surface current.

[0078] (4) Vehicle response under in-vehicle electromagnetic interference

[0079] Strong electromagnetic interference inside the vehicle mainly includes the electric drive system, power system, engine (hybrid), etc. Based on the experimental data of radiation emission of each component, an equivalent model is established to obtain the simulation results of the surface current of the whole vehicle under electromagnetic interference inside the vehicle. This is used to determine the degree of coupling between different areas inside the vehicle and the interference inside the vehicle, and finally to obtain the spatial range that is not conducive to the placement of each antenna.

[0080] In summary, based on the above requirements and the actual application scenarios of each antenna, a pre-layout scheme for each antenna in the vehicle environment can be obtained (note that when arranging each antenna, each antenna must avoid metal structures with a similar operating wavelength).

[0081] S300: Obtain the distortion and coupling of each antenna pattern, and output the optimization results of the pre-layout scheme.

[0082] In this embodiment, the distortion and coupling of each antenna pattern are obtained, and the optimized results of the pre-layout scheme are output. The specific process is as follows:

[0083] S301: Set a distortion threshold, and judge the effectiveness of the pre-layout scheme by comparing the distortion degree of each antenna's radiation pattern in the actual vehicle environment with the distortion threshold through simulation.

[0084] S302: Determine whether the coupling effect of each antenna in the actual vehicle environment meets the limit, and output the judgment result.

[0085] Furthermore, in the step of setting a distortion threshold and comparing the distortion degree of each antenna's radiation pattern in the actual vehicle environment with the distortion threshold obtained through simulation to judge the effectiveness of the pre-layout scheme:

[0086] If the distortion exceeds the distortion threshold, adjust the layout of each antenna.

[0087] If the distortion is less than or equal to the distortion threshold, the layout of each antenna will not be adjusted.

[0088] In the aforementioned process, when the antenna is located within a vehicle environment, the complexity of the vehicle structure causes reflections, refractions, and diffractions of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna due to the metal structures near the antenna mounting location. This inevitably has a significant impact on the antenna's radiation pattern, resulting in blind spots in certain directions—that is, noticeable defect angles in the radiation pattern. This reduces the antenna's gain and sensitivity, ultimately leading to a significant performance degradation. Furthermore, signals emitted by different communication systems can generate strong electromagnetic interference at the receiving ends of other communication systems. Therefore, the electromagnetic compatibility of the aforementioned pre-layout scheme needs to be verified in a real vehicle environment, primarily through verification in two aspects.

[0089] (1) Distortion of each antenna pattern

[0090] The effectiveness of the pre-layout scheme is judged by whether the distortion of the radiation pattern of each antenna in the actual vehicle environment is less than 6dB through simulation. If the distortion exceeds 6dB, the layout of each antenna can be adjusted based on the above principles.

[0091] (2) Coupling between antennas

[0092] Based on the above layout scheme, it is determined whether the coupling effect of each antenna in the actual vehicle environment meets the limit. When there is strong coupling in the same frequency band, it can be improved through layout. For adjacent frequency or harmonic interference, it can be optimized from the aspects of antenna layout and EMC design.

[0093] Based on the above process, the layout design of the multi-antenna system for intelligent connected vehicles is completed.

[0094] Corresponding to the aforementioned embodiments of the layout method for a multi-antenna system of an intelligent connected vehicle, this application also provides embodiments of a layout system for a multi-antenna system of an intelligent connected vehicle.

[0095] Figure 7 This is a layout system block diagram of a multi-antenna system for an intelligent connected vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment. (Refer to...) Figure 7 The system may include: a model building module 401, a pre-layout scheme acquisition module 402, and a pre-layout scheme optimization module 403; wherein:

[0096] The model building module 401 is used to obtain the structural parameters and electromagnetic characteristic parameters of the antenna, and to build an antenna simulation model and a vehicle model based on the parameters.

[0097] The pre-layout scheme acquisition module 402 is used to acquire the coupling degree between antennas in free space, the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure, the vehicle response under external electromagnetic interference and the vehicle response under internal electromagnetic interference, so as to obtain the pre-layout scheme of each antenna in the vehicle environment.

[0098] The pre-layout scheme optimization module 403 is used to obtain the distortion and coupling of each antenna pattern and output the optimization result of the pre-layout scheme.

[0099] In this embodiment, the model building module 401 acquires the structural parameters and electromagnetic characteristic parameters of the antenna, and builds an antenna simulation model and a vehicle model based on the parameters; the pre-layout scheme acquisition module 402 acquires the coupling degree between antennas in free space, the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure, the vehicle response under external electromagnetic interference, and the vehicle response under internal electromagnetic interference, respectively, to obtain the pre-layout scheme of each antenna in the vehicle environment; the pre-layout scheme optimization module 403 acquires the distortion and coupling degree of the radiation pattern of each antenna, and outputs the optimization result of the pre-layout scheme; by comprehensively considering the coupling degree between antennas in free space, the influence of the vehicle body on the antenna radiation pattern distortion, the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure, and the vehicle response under internal and external electromagnetic interference, the layout design and interference suppression of the multi-antenna system of intelligent connected vehicles are realized, which can effectively improve the electromagnetic compatibility performance of the vehicle wireless communication system and shorten the vehicle development cycle.

[0100] Regarding the system in the above embodiments, the specific ways in which each module performs operations have been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0101] For the system embodiments, since they basically correspond to the method embodiments, the relevant parts can be referred to in the description of the method embodiments. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this application according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without creative effort.

[0102] Accordingly, this application also provides an electronic device, including: one or more processors; a memory for storing one or more programs; when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the layout method of the multi-antenna system for intelligent connected vehicles as described above. Figure 8 The diagram shown is a hardware structure diagram of any device with data processing capabilities within the layout system of a multi-antenna system for intelligent connected vehicles provided in an embodiment of the present invention, except for... Figure 8In addition to the processor, memory, and network interface shown, any data processing device in the embodiment may also include other hardware depending on the actual function of the data processing device, which will not be described in detail here.

[0103] Accordingly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the layout method of the multi-antenna system for intelligent connected vehicles as described above. The computer-readable storage medium can be an internal storage unit of any data-processing device as described in any of the foregoing embodiments, such as a hard disk or memory. The computer-readable storage medium can also be an external storage device, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), SD card, flash card, etc., equipped on the device. Furthermore, the computer-readable storage medium can include both internal storage units of any data-processing device and external storage devices. The computer-readable storage medium is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the data-processing device, and can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0104] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein.

[0105] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope.

Claims

1. A layout method for a multi-antenna system for intelligent connected vehicles, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the structural and electromagnetic characteristics of the antenna, and build an antenna simulation model and a vehicle model based on the parameters; The coupling degree between antennas in free space, the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure, the vehicle response under external electromagnetic interference and the vehicle response under internal electromagnetic interference are obtained respectively, so as to obtain the pre-layout scheme of each antenna in the vehicle environment. Obtain the distortion and coupling of each antenna pattern, and output the optimization results of the pre-layout scheme.

2. The layout method of the multi-antenna system for intelligent connected vehicles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the steps of obtaining the antenna's structural and electromagnetic characteristics, and then building the antenna simulation model and the vehicle model based on those parameters: The structural parameters of the antenna are obtained through the antenna model, and the electromagnetic characteristic parameters are obtained according to the product manual. Add excitation to the excitation ports of each antenna and set the solution parameters and solution frequency; Mesh generation and simulation were performed to obtain the antenna simulation data, which was then compared with the measured data to complete the verification of the antenna model.

3. The layout method of the multi-antenna system for intelligent connected vehicles as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Before adding excitation to the excitation ports of each antenna and setting the solution parameters and solution frequency: Add excitation ports at appropriate locations based on the antenna's feeding system.

4. The layout method of the multi-antenna system for intelligent connected vehicles as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In the steps of obtaining the antenna's structural and electromagnetic characteristics, and then building the antenna simulation model and the vehicle model based on those parameters: The surfaces are extracted from the 3D digital model, and the extracted surfaces are geometrically processed to obtain the surface structure; The mesh is divided, and common nodes are established by combining the weld points. The quality is checked to obtain the electromagnetic simulation model of the whole vehicle.

5. The layout method of the multi-antenna system for intelligent connected vehicles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the steps of obtaining the coupling degree between antennas in free space, the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure, the vehicle response under external electromagnetic interference, and the vehicle response under internal electromagnetic interference, to obtain the pre-layout scheme of each antenna in the vehicle environment: By setting a limit threshold, the coupling degree of each antenna changes with distance in free space when the maximum radiation direction is the same and when they want to avoid each other. The limit threshold is used as the boundary to obtain the limit distance of each antenna.

6. The layout method of the multi-antenna system for intelligent connected vehicles as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In the steps of obtaining the coupling degree between antennas in free space, the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure, the vehicle response under external electromagnetic interference, and the vehicle response under internal electromagnetic interference, to obtain the pre-layout scheme of each antenna in the vehicle environment: Characteristic mode analysis is used to obtain the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure and to obtain the spatial range of each antenna.

7. The layout method of the multi-antenna system for intelligent connected vehicles as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In the steps of obtaining the coupling degree between antennas in free space, the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure, the vehicle response under external electromagnetic interference, and the vehicle response under internal electromagnetic interference, to obtain the pre-layout scheme of each antenna in the vehicle environment: The vehicle response under various pulse conditions is obtained by plane wave method, and the spatial range for arranging each antenna is obtained from the simulation results of its surface current.

8. The layout method of the multi-antenna system for intelligent connected vehicles as described in claim 7, characterized in that, In the steps of obtaining the coupling degree between antennas in free space, the inherent resonance properties of the vehicle structure, the vehicle response under external electromagnetic interference, and the vehicle response under internal electromagnetic interference, to obtain the pre-layout scheme of each antenna in the vehicle environment: Based on the experimental data of radiation emission from each component, an equivalent model is established to obtain the simulation results of the surface current of the whole vehicle under electromagnetic interference inside the vehicle, and the spatial range for arranging each antenna is obtained.

9. The layout method of the multi-antenna system for intelligent connected vehicles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the steps of obtaining the distortion and coupling of each antenna pattern and outputting the optimization results of the pre-layout scheme: By setting a distortion threshold, the effectiveness of the pre-layout scheme is judged by comparing the distortion degree of each antenna's radiation pattern in the actual vehicle environment with the distortion threshold obtained through simulation. Determine whether the coupling effect of each antenna in the actual vehicle environment meets the limit, and output the determination result.

10. The layout method of the multi-antenna system for intelligent connected vehicles as described in claim 9, characterized in that, In the step of setting a distortion threshold and comparing the distortion degree of each antenna's radiation pattern in the actual vehicle environment with the distortion threshold obtained through simulation to judge the effectiveness of the pre-layout scheme: If the distortion exceeds the distortion threshold, adjust the layout of each antenna. If the distortion is less than or equal to the distortion threshold, the layout of each antenna will not be adjusted.

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